diff --git a/db/docs/batched_background_migrations/delete_push_rules_duplicates.yml b/db/docs/batched_background_migrations/delete_push_rules_duplicates.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c68fda3c72e7bf852319c943e2032611b202d13d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/docs/batched_background_migrations/delete_push_rules_duplicates.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+migration_job_name: DeletePushRulesDuplicates
+description: Deletes duplicated records with the same `project_id` from `push_rules` table
+feature_category: source_code_management
+introduced_by_url: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/199307
+milestone: '18.3'
+queued_migration_version: 20250725143908
+finalized_by: # version of the migration that finalized this BBM
diff --git a/db/post_migrate/20250725143908_queue_delete_push_rules_duplicates.rb b/db/post_migrate/20250725143908_queue_delete_push_rules_duplicates.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e994b138d8f881f378cb953d439ec080a6cd8ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/post_migrate/20250725143908_queue_delete_push_rules_duplicates.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class QueueDeletePushRulesDuplicates < Gitlab::Database::Migration[2.3]
+  milestone '18.3'
+
+  restrict_gitlab_migration gitlab_schema: :gitlab_main
+
+  MIGRATION = "DeletePushRulesDuplicates"
+  DELAY_INTERVAL = 2.minutes
+  BATCH_SIZE = 1000
+  SUB_BATCH_SIZE = 100
+
+  def up
+    queue_batched_background_migration(
+      MIGRATION,
+      :push_rules,
+      :id,
+      batch_size: BATCH_SIZE,
+      sub_batch_size: SUB_BATCH_SIZE
+    )
+  end
+
+  def down
+    delete_batched_background_migration(MIGRATION, :push_rules, :id, [])
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/schema_migrations/20250725143908 b/db/schema_migrations/20250725143908
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..57d92fa050368b6faa790a2b3017d34d7b467518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/schema_migrations/20250725143908
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+caa148c2db9bc73a2b3cadc0b050b5134799a0a39178a1dfde887734ae39e276
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/gitlab/background_migration/delete_push_rules_duplicates.rb b/lib/gitlab/background_migration/delete_push_rules_duplicates.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5cb893e307abd31f4ec0a888910f77ffb4a097d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/gitlab/background_migration/delete_push_rules_duplicates.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Gitlab
+  module BackgroundMigration
+    class DeletePushRulesDuplicates < BatchedMigrationJob
+      class Project < ::ApplicationRecord
+        self.table_name = 'projects'
+
+        has_one :push_rule, class_name: '::Gitlab::BackgroundMigration::DeletePushRulesDuplicates::PushRule'
+      end
+
+      class PushRule < ::ApplicationRecord
+        self.table_name = 'push_rules'
+        belongs_to :project, class_name: '::Gitlab::BackgroundMigration::DeletePushRulesDuplicates::Project'
+      end
+
+      operation_name :delete_push_rule_duplicates
+      feature_category :source_code_management
+
+      def perform
+        each_sub_batch do |sub_batch|
+          project_ids = sub_batch.pluck(:project_id).uniq.compact
+
+          duplicated_project_ids = PushRule.where(project_id: project_ids)
+                                     .group(:project_id)
+                                     .having('count(*) > 1')
+                                     .pluck(:project_id)
+
+          next if duplicated_project_ids.blank?
+
+          projects_with_push_rules = Project.where(id: duplicated_project_ids)
+                                       .includes(:push_rule)
+                                       .index_by(&:id)
+
+          ids_to_delete = []
+
+          duplicated_project_ids.each do |project_id|
+            project = projects_with_push_rules[project_id]
+            canonical_push_rule = project&.push_rule
+
+            next unless canonical_push_rule
+
+            # Get all push rule IDs for this project except the canonical one
+            duplicate_ids = PushRule.where(project_id: project_id)
+                              .where.not(id: canonical_push_rule.id)
+                              .pluck(:id)
+
+            ids_to_delete.concat(duplicate_ids)
+          end
+
+          # Bulk delete all duplicates
+          PushRule.where(id: ids_to_delete).delete_all if ids_to_delete.any?
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/lib/gitlab/background_migration/delete_push_rules_duplicates_spec.rb b/spec/lib/gitlab/background_migration/delete_push_rules_duplicates_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e13cfac07453ac1c7b99f02a1ab68df433b891f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/lib/gitlab/background_migration/delete_push_rules_duplicates_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Gitlab::BackgroundMigration::DeletePushRulesDuplicates, feature_category: :source_code_management do
+  let(:migration) do
+    described_class.new(
+      start_id: 1,
+      end_id: 5000,
+      batch_table: :push_rules,
+      batch_column: :id,
+      sub_batch_size: 500,
+      pause_ms: 0,
+      connection: ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    )
+  end
+
+  let(:organizations) { table(:organizations) }
+  let(:namespaces) { table(:namespaces) }
+  let(:projects) { table(:projects) }
+  let(:push_rules) { table(:push_rules) }
+
+  let!(:organization) { organizations.create!(name: 'organization', path: 'organization') }
+  let!(:namespace) do
+    namespaces.create!(name: 'test-namespace', path: 'test-namespace', organization_id: organization.id)
+  end
+
+  let!(:project1) { create_project_for_push_rule('test-project-1') }
+  let!(:project2) { create_project_for_push_rule('test-project-2') }
+  let!(:project3) { create_project_for_push_rule('test-project-3') }
+
+  describe '#perform' do
+    let!(:record_1) { push_rules.create!(id: 1, project_id: project1.id) }
+    let!(:record_2_duplicate) { push_rules.create!(id: 2, project_id: project1.id) }
+    let!(:record_3) { push_rules.create!(id: 3, project_id: project2.id) }
+    let!(:record_4) { push_rules.create!(id: 4, project_id: project3.id) }
+    let!(:record_5_duplicate) { push_rules.create!(id: 5, project_id: project3.id) }
+    let!(:record_6_duplicate) { push_rules.create!(id: 6, project_id: project3.id) }
+    let!(:record_7_no_project) { push_rules.create!(id: 7, project_id: nil) }
+
+    it 'deletes duplicate records' do
+      expect { migration.perform }.to change { push_rules.count }.from(7).to(4)
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_1.id)).to be_present
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_3.id)).to be_present
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_4.id)).to be_present
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_7_no_project.id)).to be_present
+
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_2_duplicate.id)).to be_nil
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_5_duplicate.id)).to be_nil
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: record_6_duplicate.id)).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it 'also removes records outside of the batch range' do
+      push_rules.create!(id: 6001, project_id: project1.id)
+
+      expect { migration.perform }.to change { push_rules.count }.from(8).to(4)
+
+      expect(push_rules.find_by(id: 6001)).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it 'handles empty batches gracefully' do
+      push_rules.delete_all
+
+      expect { migration.perform }.not_to raise_error
+      expect(push_rules.count).to eq(0)
+    end
+
+    it 'handles batches without duplicates' do
+      push_rules.delete_all
+      push_rules.create!(id: 1, project_id: project1.id)
+      push_rules.create!(id: 2, project_id: project2.id)
+
+      expect { migration.perform }.not_to change { push_rules.count }
+      expect(push_rules.count).to eq(2)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def create_project_for_push_rule(name)
+    project_namespace = namespaces.create!(
+      name: name,
+      path: name,
+      type: 'Project',
+      organization_id: organization.id
+    )
+    projects.create!(
+      name: name,
+      path: name,
+      namespace_id: namespace.id,
+      organization_id: organization.id,
+      project_namespace_id: project_namespace.id
+    )
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/migrations/20250725143908_queue_delete_push_rules_duplicates_spec.rb b/spec/migrations/20250725143908_queue_delete_push_rules_duplicates_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..44f8352e2903fcbf7907ffc9626f5f58f1dad60c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/migrations/20250725143908_queue_delete_push_rules_duplicates_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+require_migration!
+
+RSpec.describe QueueDeletePushRulesDuplicates, migration: :gitlab_main, feature_category: :source_code_management do
+  let!(:batched_migration) { described_class::MIGRATION }
+
+  it 'schedules a new batched migration' do
+    reversible_migration do |migration|
+      migration.before -> {
+        expect(batched_migration).not_to have_scheduled_batched_migration
+      }
+
+      migration.after -> {
+        expect(batched_migration).to have_scheduled_batched_migration(
+          gitlab_schema: :gitlab_main,
+          table_name: :push_rules,
+          column_name: :id,
+          interval: described_class::DELAY_INTERVAL,
+          batch_size: described_class::BATCH_SIZE,
+          sub_batch_size: described_class::SUB_BATCH_SIZE
+        )
+      }
+    end
+  end
+end