Enable SSRF protection for dependency proxy for containers

What does this MR do and why?

Check out the description in https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/520309+

References

• https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/520309+

Screenshots or screen recordings

No.

How to set up and validate locally

The instruction on how to verify the changes locally is here.

MR acceptance checklist

Evaluate this MR against the MR acceptance checklist. It helps you analyze changes to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

Related to #520309