Croce et al., 2018 - Google Patents
Impact of LoRa imperfect orthogonality: Analysis of link-level performanceCroce et al., 2018
View PDF- Document ID
- 6238129474416839371
- Author
- Croce D
- Gucciardo M
- Mangione S
- Santaromita G
- Tinnirello I
- Publication year
- Publication venue
- IEEE Communications Letters
External Links
Snippet
In this letter, we focus on the evaluation of link-level performance of LoRa technology, in the usual network scenario with a central gateway and high-density deployment of end-devices. LoRa technology achieves wide coverage areas, low power consumption and robustness to …
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 CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl 0 title abstract description 58
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