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Gnazzo et al., 1996 - Google Patents

Improved Analysis and Design of Waveguide Bragg Grating Filters for Wavelength Division Multiplexing Applications

Gnazzo et al., 1996

Document ID
17154087993347487392
Author
Gnazzo A
Barla A
De Bernardi C
Publication year
Publication venue
Integrated Photonics Research

External Links

Snippet

Waveguide Bragg gratings are attracting increased attention as narrow-band filters to separate different channels in closely-spaced wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems. In fact grating filters directly written into Ge-doped optical fibers are already …
Continue reading at opg.optica.org (other versions)

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/0208—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response
    • G02B6/02085—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response characterised by the grating profile, e.g. chirped, apodised, tilted, helical
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
    • G02B6/02152—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating involving moving the fibre or a manufacturing element, stretching of the fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
    • G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
    • G02B6/29319—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
    • G02B6/02133—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference
    • G02B6/02138—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating using beam interference based on illuminating a phase mask
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/02171—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G02B6/02195—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for tuning the grating
    • G02B6/02204—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for tuning the grating using thermal effects, e.g. heating or cooling of a temperature sensitive mounting body
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/10—Light guides of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Light guides of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/10—Light guides of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02057—Optical fibre with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
    • G02B6/02066—Gratings having a surface relief structure, e.g. repetitive variation in diameter of core or cladding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
    • G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
    • G02B6/29334—Grating-assisted evanescent light guide couplers, i.e. comprising grating at or functionally associated with the coupling region between the light guides, e.g. with a grating positioned where light fields overlap in the coupler
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/10—Light guides of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/12007—Light guides of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
    • G02B6/12009—Light guides of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS, THE OPTICAL OPERATION OF WHICH IS MODIFIED BY CHANGING THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIUM OF THE DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE INTENSITY, COLOUR, PHASE, POLARISATION OR DIRECTION OF LIGHT, e.g. SWITCHING, GATING, MODULATING OR DEMODULATING; TECHNIQUES OR PROCEDURES FOR THE OPERATION THEREOF; FREQUENCY-CHANGING; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating, or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating, or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour

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