AU651086B2 - Device for storing and dispensing sterile liquids - Google Patents

Description

WO 92/04004 PC'/CA1/00056 DEVICE FOR STORING AND DISPENSING STERILE LIQUIDS BAGGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the field of devices for sterilizing liquids, and more particularly to devices for storing and sterilizing saline for ophthalmic purposes, and particularly for contact lens applications.

Sterile saline is required by contact lens wearers for use as a rinse solution, for rinsing the lens prior to inserting the lens in the eye, and also for soaking the lens during the cleaning and disinfecting process.

Sterilization of the saline is generally accomplished using heat, ultra-violet light, or filtration. The saline which has been sterilized in bulk is then stored in plastic squeeze bottles with the addition of chemicals to preserve the sterility.

Sterilized saline has also been marketed in aerosol cans, which provide sterile storage without the need for chemical agents.

This is accomplished due to the positive pressure within the container which keeps contaminants out. However, the expense and environmental problems associated with aerosol containers make this a less desirable alternative.

There is therefore a need for a simple and portable device for storing and dispensing sterile saline.

i :i -2- According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a device for storing and dispensing a sterile liquid comprising a hollow chamber for receiving said liquid and having a first outlet, a housing mounted on said first outlet having a second outlet and a passage communicating between said first and second outlets, and first valve means for alternately opening and closing said second outlet, whereby pressure applied to the interior of said chamber forces said liquid stored in said chamber out said second outlet when said valve is in an open position, characterized by a liquid-sterilizing filter mounted in said housing across said passage between said first and second outlets through which said liquid passes prior to being forced .out said second outlet, and an aperture in said housing and 15 second valve means associated with said aperture adapted to admit air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said filter and said chamber when said first valve is in a closed position and prevent the admission of air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said filter and said chamber when pressure is applied to the interior of said chamber and said first valve is in an open position.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a device for storing and dispensing a sterile liquid comprising a first hollow chamber for receiving said liquid and having a first outlet, a housing mounted on said first outlet having a second outlet and a passage communicating between said first and second outlets, and first valve means for alternately opening and closing said second outlet, characterized by a liquid-sterilizing filter mounted in said housing across said passage between said first and second outlets through which said liquid passes prior to being forced out said second outlet, an intermediate chamber in said housing, means for Increasing and reducing pressure in the interior of said intermediate chamber, whereby said liquid is drawn into said intermediate chamber from said first chamber when pressure is reduced therein and when pressure is increased in the interior of said intermediate chamber said 94420,p:\oper\kay,72455-9.1102 -2afirst valve means is moved to an open position and liquid held in said intermediate chamber is forced out said second outlet, second valve means between said first chamber and said intermediate chamber adapted to permit said liquid to flow into said intermediate chamber from said first chamber when the pressure in said intermediate chamber is reduced, and prevent the flow of said liquid from said intermediate chamber into said first chamber when the p-Lessure in said intermediate chamber is increased, an aperture in said housing and third valve means associated with said aperture adapted to admit air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said second valve means and said first chamber when said first valve means is in a closed position and prevent the admission of air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said second valve means and said first chamber when pressure is applied to the interior of said intermediate chamber and said first valve is in an open position.

2. Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:- Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention with the valve in the closed position; S' Fig. 2 is a detail of the view of the embodiment shown in Figure 1, but with the valve in the open position; Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view along lines S' 3-3 of Figure 2; Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view along lines 4-4 of Figure 2; Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention; and I, 940120,p:\opcr\kT,72455-91.1.0,2 c-* WO 92/04004 PC-T/CA91/00056 -3- Fig. 6 is a third embodiment of the invention with the filter housing partially removed from the storage container and shown in vertical cross-section.

ZLETT.LEP ThE~rR'TQCn ZD pvrvvrn MBDIEI 0 .c ecn en 6A' mza Aj Referring to Figure 1, Bdevice o4-thQ. invention is desianated generally as 1. It consists of a resilient squeeze bottle container 3 having hollow interior 2, and a valve and filter housing 5. The squeeze bottle portion 3 is manufactured of a flexible plastic such as a polyethylene or PET, which has sufficient resiliency and memory to return to its original shape after being squeezed. The housing 5 is constructed of a rigid plastic such as a polycarbonate. The housing comprises a base 7, body 9 and cover 11. Container 3 has a circular neck 13 forming open mouth 14 and provided with screw threads 15 on its exterior surface which mate with complementary screw threads 17 on the interior surface of circular extension 19 of base 7. Base 7 has a circular flange 21 which has a snap fit connection with circular lip 23 of body 9.

Mounted in the valve and filter housing 5 between base 7 and body 9 is a circular micro-filter 25. Filter 25 is chosen with a imesh sufficiently fine to be useful for the sterilizing function of the invention. A filter having a .2 micron rating is suitable. Such filters are manufactured by Pall Ultrafine Filtration Corporation under t .e trade-mark ULTIPOR. The filter is sealed in place between base 7 and body 9 by two rubber 0rings 27. To provide rigidity to the filter 25, it is also WO 92/04004 PCT/CA91/00056 -4supported by two plastic inserts 29 located above and below the filter body and having radial arms 30 such that the radius of insert 29 is slightly less than that of filter 25. Inserts 29 could also form part of base 7 and body 9.

A valve 31 is provided in base 7 to permit air to enter container 3 after liquid is expelled. It consists of a small opening 33 and a pivoting, inwardly opening flap 35 on the interior surface of flange 21, shown in an open position in Figure 1 and a closed position in Figure 2. When the container 3 is squeezed to expel liquid, flap 35 closes opening 33, and when pressure on container 3 is released, flap 35 opens allow air to enter container 3 in the direction of arrow B, and to allow container 3 to return to its original volume. The same function could be achieved by a plurality of smaller openings.

Alternatively, an accordion type of container could replace a squeeze bottle for container 3 which would obviate the necessity for valve 31.

Housing 9 has a hollow cylindrical portion 36 which forms a lower opening 38 and is provided with outlet port 37.

Opening 38 is circular but for shoulder 40 which extends into opening 38. Port 37 is alternately opened or closed by rubber valve 39. Valve 39 has a sloping, rounded lower face 41 which ends in a circular lip 43 which seals against the interior surface of cylinder 36. Shoulder 40 has a sloping upper surface 44 which conforms to face 41 to seal port 37 when the valve 39 is in the lower position.

Valve 39 is biassed to its lower, closed position by spring 46, one end of which is held on cylindrical base 48 WO 92/04004 PC/CA91/00056 attached to cover 11, and the other end of which is held on a cylindrical extension 50 of base 52 of valve 39. Cover 11 is screwed into housing 9 by screw threads 51. This permits cover 11 to be removed leaving valve 39 in place. Alternatively, cover 11 can be permanently fixed by an adhesive.

In operation, the hollow interior 2 of container 3 is filled with non-sterile saline and valve and filter housing 9 is then screwed into place. In a rest position, valve 39 closes port 37 due to the action of spring 46. When the user squeezes container 3, flap 35 closes and saline is forced through filter in the direction of arrow A, thereby sterilizing it. Valve 39 moves upwardly opening port 37 and the sterile saline is dispensed from port 37 in the direction of arrow C. When pressure on container 3 is released, valve 39 returns to its closed position, closing port 37, and flap 35 opens to permit air to enter to return container 3 to its original shape.

A second embodiment shown in Figure 5 permits valve 7 341to be locked in a closed position for transport. In this embodiment cover 11 in turn is provided with opening 60 provided with screw threads 62 into which a knob 64 is screwed by screw threads 66 on disk 68. Attached to the lower surface 69 of disk 68 is a rod 70 with bulbous lower end 72. Rubber valve 74 has a hollow interior 76 into which rod 70 extends, and a flat lower face 78 which seats against shoulder 80 of outlet port 82. Valve 74 is sufficiently resilient in this embodiment, due to the flexing action of its walls, to open and close outlet port 82 in response to the squeezing of container 3 when rod is withdrawn. However valve 74 is locked against opening when rod WO 92/04004 PCT/CA91/00056 -6is screwed tightly against the lower interior surface of valve 74 by rotation of knob 64. In this embodiment, valve 74 could be replaced by a rubber diaphragm stretched across the interior chamber 88 of body 9, and adapted to seal against outlet 82 when pressure is released and open outlet 82 when pressure is applied.

In this variation, shoulder 80 would be generally perpendicular to the walls of chamber 88. Also, to improve the flexibility of valve 74, holes could be provided in disk 68 to permit air to flow between the interior 76 of the valve and the atmosphere.

Figure 5 also shows a second embodiment of base 7 in which the cylindrical flange 19 of base 7 screws into the interior surface of neck 13 of container 3, and a centrally located shield 84 attached to base 7 guards the filter against damage when the container 3 is removed from housing 9. Passage.ways 86 permit passage of the liquid around shield 84.

Figure 6 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the hollow storage container need not be squeezable, as a plunger 91 is used to provide pressure to the liquid saline 92 to force it through a sterilizing filter 93. The filter housing 94, again constructed of a rigid polycarbonate plastic, has an internally threaded neck which screws onto externally threaded neck 96 of container A hollow feed tube 97 having a lower open end 98 is secured in end piece 105 of housing 94 and extends into container 90 so that end 98 is adjacent the bottom of container 90 when neck 95 is screwed down completely onto neck 96. Tube 97 has an upper open end 99 which opens into a cylindrical chamber 100 formed in end piece 105. Cylindrical wall 101 extends upwardly from neck 95 and WO 92/04004 PCT/CA91/00056 -7has an aperture 102 which communicates with the interior of chamber 100 by way of passage 103. Passage 103 is covered by a hydrophobic filter 104 which thus permits air to travel through it, but not water or other liquids. Air passing through filter 104 is sterilized. A flap valve could also function n replacement of filter 104 to permit air to enter chamber 100 from the exterior of the container while preventing liquid from escaping.

A filter support 106 supports hydrophobic filter 107 which is circular in shape and is free to slide upwardly in cylindrical chamber 109. Filter support 106 is a plastic disc with a central opening 148 extending from chamber 100 to chamber 109. Filter 107 has a diameter large enough to completely cover opening 148 when the filter is in the lower position. Liquid or air is able to flow through opening 148 and around filter 107 into chamber 109 when filter 107 is raised up off support 106.

Filter 107 functions therefore much like flap valve 35 in Figure Filter 107 could also, for example, be held in a circular frame which guides it against the sides of chamber 109, but permits the flow of liquid between the filter 107 and the walls of chamber 109.

Passageway 110 extends upwardly in housing 94 from chamber 109, with its upper end covered by hydrophillic filter 93. Filter 93 is held in place by O-rings 115. Filter support 111 is a perforated plastic disk which sits in a cylindrical chamber 112 formed between upper housing piece or filter head 113 and lower housing piece 114. o-ring 115 seals the junction of piece 114 and filter 93. In this way liquid flowing up passageway 110 is forced through filter 93 rather than going around its edges.

WOr 92/04004 PCT/CA91/0056 -8- Passage 116 runs from chamber 112 to circular chamber 117 which is covered by a circular rubber membrane or diaphragm 118.

Diaphragm 118 is secured at its outer edge by clamp piece 121 and is stretched across central cylindrical extension 119 through the centre of which runs passage 120 to the exterior the housing.

Cap 122 can snap over shoulder 123 to cover the open end of passageway 120.

Plunger 91 consists of a hollow cylinder 130, one end of which is closed by cap 132. Spring 134 sits at one end in a circular groove 135 and the op.,site end sits in the hollow cylindrical central channel of plunger 138. Plunce- 138 slides through aperture 139, and has attached at one end thereof a flexible plastic piston 136 which slides in cylinder 130.

Passageway 142 extends from chamber 144 within cylinder 130 to chamber 109. Spring 134, which biasses the plunger outwardly, is optional. Plunger 138 could be made with a solid shaft. Alternatively, spring-operated plunger 138 could be replaced with an accordion-like plunger which was also biassed outwardly.

In operation, withdrawal of plunger 138 creates a vacuum within chambers 144 and 109. The greater air pressure in container 90 than in chamber 109 therefore causes saline 92 to move up feed tube 97 into chamber 100, through passage 150, around filter 107, filling chamber 109 and 144. Plunger 138 is then pressed inwardly to force filter 107 against support 106, closing aperture 148. Saline from chamber 109 is then forced through filter 93, causing it to be sterilized. Pressure on diaphragm 118 opens passageway 120 permitting the sterilized saline to be dispensed out of passageway 120. Filter 104 permits -9sterilized air to enter the feed tube to replace the ejected saline. Air passing Dack through filter 107 into the feed tube will also be sterilized. The feed tube 97 is also optional. If it were removed, tilting of the container would be required to place saline in chamber 109.

As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, various modifications and adaptations of the structure above described may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, the scope of which is to be construed in accordance with the accompanying claims.

Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.

T P, V;2 140420,p:\opcrkay,72459 -1.1 10,9

Claims (10)

1. A device for storing and dispensing a sterile liquid comprising a hollow chamber for receiving said liquid and having a first outlet, a housing mounted on said first outlet having a second outlet and a passage communicating between said first and second outlets, and first valve means for alternately opening and closing said second cutlet, whereby pressure applied to the interior of said chamber forces said liquid stored in said chamber out said second outlet when said valve is in an open position, characterized by a liquid- sterilizing filter mounted in said housing across said passage between said first and second outlets through which said liquid passes prior to being forced out said second outlet, and an aperture in said housing and second valve means associated with said aperture adapted to admit air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said filter and said chamber when said first valve is in a closed position and prevent the admission of air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said filter and said chamber when pressure is applied to the interior of said chamber and said first valve is in an open position.

2. A device according to claim 1 wherein said chamber comprises an expandable and contractible container having a hollow interior, and said housing i, mounted on said container.

3. A device according to claim 2 wherein said expandable container is adapted to be contracted by squeezing by the hands of a user.

4. A device according to claim 1 wherein said first valve meL'ns comprises a resilient sealing surface biased in a direction to seal against said second outlet and adapted to be movable to open said second outlet upon application of pressure against said surface. 94420,p:\oper\kay,72455-9 11 A device according to claim 1 wherein said filter has a mesh having rating of .2 microns or less.

6. A device according to claim 1 whereJ~n said housing comprises a hollow cylindrical chamber, and said first valve means is mounted for reciprocal motion in said chamber.

7. A device according to claim 6 wherein spid first valve means is biased by means of a spring mounted in said chamber.

8. A device according claim 1 wherein said housing is mounted coaxially on said container and said filter is mounted coaxially between said housing and said container. 15 9. A device according to claim 1 wherein said filter extend completely across said passage. A device for storing and dispensing a sterile liquid comprising a first hollow chamber for receiving said liquid and having a first outlet, a housing mounted on said first outlet having a second outlet and a passage communicating between said first and second outlets, and first valve means "a for alternately opening and closing said second outlet, a characterized by a liquid-sterilizing filter mounted in said housing across said passage between said first and second a outlets through which said liquid passes prior to being forcod out saidl second outlet, an intermediate chamber in said housing, means for increasing and reducing pressure in the intex-ior of said intermediate chamber, whereby said liquid is drawn into said intermediate chamber from said first chamber when pressure is reduc d therein and when pressure is increased in the interior of said intermediate chamber said first valve means is moved to an open position and liquid held in said intermediate chamber is forced out said second outlet, second valve means between said first chamber and said intermediate chamber adapted to permit said liquid to flow into said intermediate chamber from said first chamber when 94Oa2p:\oper~kaiy,72455-91.1 10, 11 -12- the pressure in said intermediate chamber is reduced, and prevent the flow of said liquid from said intermediate chamber into said f:.rst chamber when the pressure, in said intermediate chamber is increased, an aperture in said housing and third valve means associated with said aperture adapted to admit air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said second valve meanc and said first chamber when said first valve means is in a closed position and prevent the admission of air from the atmosphere to the interior of said housing between said second valve means and said first chamber when pressure is applied to the interior of said irtermediate chamber and said first valve is in an open position.

11. A device according to claim 10 wherein said means for increasing and reducing presure in the interior of said chamber comprises a piston movable within a cylinder, said cylinder having an open end communicating with said interior of said intermediate chamber.

12. A device according to claim 10 wherein said third valve means is a hydrophobic filter.

13. A device for storing and dispensing a sterile liquid substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this 22nd day of April, 1994. GARTH T. WEBB By his Patent Attorneys DAVIES COLLISON CAVE 940427,poper\kay,7245591.110,12