BR112019016345B1 - DISTRIBUTION MACHINE AND APPROPRIATE DOSING BODY FOR THIS - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distributing machine, such as a spreader machine and/or a seeder, which includes a container supported by a support frame for receiving material to be distributed; a discharge opening (16) arranged at the base (14) of the container (7); a metering member disposed next to the discharge opening (16) with a metering pusher (14, 18) motor-driven and movable with respect to the discharge opening (16), as well as a dispensing member (3) disposed at followed by the dosing device for distributing the material to be distributed on the base (14). In order to improve the operational safety of the dosing device and, in particular, the regulation speed of its dosing pusher (18) in a compact construction, the invention foresees that the drive of the dosing pusher (18) of the dosing device includes a spindle threaded screw (33) supported axially fixedly and rotatably driven by means of a driving rotary drive unit with axially fixed movement output shaft (44), this threaded spindle along which a spindle nut (34) is guided which is engaged with the threaded spindle (33), the spindle nut (34) being in connection with the dosing pusher (...).

Description

[001] The present invention relates to a distribution machine, especially a spreader and/or seeder machine, with at least one container supported by a support frame for receiving material to be distributed in the form of powder and/or particles ; at least one discharge opening arranged at the base of the container; a metering device arranged next to the discharge opening with a metering pusher that is motor-driven and displaceable with respect to the discharge opening, as well as at least one distribution device arranged next to the metering member for distributing the material to be distributed over the ground. The invention also relates to a metering member with a metering pusher that is motor-driven and displaceable with respect to a discharge opening, which is suitable for use in a dispensing machine of this type.

[002] Distributor machines of the type mentioned above are known in multiple configurations, for example as a type of structure drawn or housed by the three-point system of a traction machine, such as a tractor, mainly, on the one hand, in the form of agricultural spreading machines for discharging material in the form of powder or particles, such as especially manure or seeds. Such dispensing machines include a container that receives the material to be distributed, at the base of which one or more discharge openings are usually arranged, and a dosing device is allocated to the respective discharge opening to remove the desired quantity from the container - or more precisely: with the desired stream of mass - the material to be distributed. Frequently, the metering member includes a metering pusher displaceable with respect to the discharge opening - either translationally or, especially, rotatably - which can be controlled to open and to close by means of a suitable adjustment member on the in the form of a hydraulic or electric cylinder, in order to be able to adjust the desired mass flow according to the desired distribution width and the required amount of spreading per unit area of the material to be distributed on the ground, according to the speed and according to the the physical properties of the material to be distributed, such as, for example, its flow capacity. Below the metering device is a distribution device, by means of which the material to be distributed is distributed over the desired working width. In addition, some distribution machines are equipped with a device for adjusting the point of discharge of the material to be distributed to the distribution body, especially formed by a distribution disc equipped with ejection vanes, the discharge point being able to be regulated in relation to the distribution disc radially (especially for increasing/decreasing the spreading compartment) and/or in circumferential direction (especially for twisting the spreading compartment approximately around the axis of rotation of the spreading disc). Such an agricultural spreading machine is known, for example, in the form of a two-disc spreader from DE 10 2005 015 228 A1.

[003] On the other hand, distributing machines of this type are known in the form of spreading machines for winter services, in which the container serves mainly for the reception of gravel and/or spreading salt, generally in the form of granules, and the function of such a winter duty spreader broadly corresponds to that of the agricultural spreader described above.

[004] When unloading the material to be distributed - whether in the form of manure or seeds on a field or in the form of gravel or salt on a street - in any case, a lifting of large amounts of particles of earth, sand, dust and the like in the form of a whirlpool, which can reach especially the dosing devices arranged below the container and their adjustment cylinders, causing the operation to be impaired due to the constitution and size of the particles, to the extent that, for example, larger particles, including stones, become trapped there. In addition, especially the material to be distributed in the form of powder or particles, often tends to concentrate in the dosing devices, located below the container, respectively in the adjustment cylinders that serve to drive your dosing pusher, especially the majority of solid fertilizers, as well as the spreading salt, have a hygroscopic characteristic, in such a way that in connection with the humidity of the air or with the rain, respectively with the snow (mud), they agglomerate and with continuous unloading they adhere to the functional parts mentioned above more and more in the form of more or less hard agglomerates. This applies in particular - even if not exclusively - when the distribution elements are formed by spreading discs, respectively distribution discs, which project material in powder or particle form radially towards the front passing next to the dosing elements.

[005] EP 2 727 449 A1 addresses this problem with a dispensing machine of this kind with a cleaning device arranged below the container and equipped with a series of fluid ejectors. In fact, this provides decisive advantages - also in terms of cleaning the metering devices themselves or the distribution devices - although dirt on the adjustment cylinders during operation, which is increasingly established between the cleaning processes carried out, also represents a problem with regard to their operating safety and maintenance, as well as their necessary robustness.

[006] As these adjustment cylinders provided for actuating the dosing pusher of the dosing elements are hydraulic cylinders, whose movement of translation of the piston rod into and out of the cylinders by means of suitable levers (control system) rods) is converted into a movement of translation or rotation of the dosing pusher, as they are often used due to their easy connection to the hydraulic system of a tractor, so, due to the aggressive conditions of the environment it becomes necessary, on the one hand , that at least the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are produced from very hard and chemically resistant materials, such as refined chromed steel; on the other hand, very high demands are placed on the sealing elements used for sealing the piston rods in relation to the cylinders, since during operation the piston rods are pushed, even if in a minimal part, out of the cylinder, respectively to inside the cylinder, causing the risk of dragging foreign bodies and/or moisture adhered to the piston rods into the hydraulic cylinder. In addition, to ensure perfect operation and with little wear of the hydraulic cylinders, there must be an oil film on their piston rods, which, however, due to its characteristic of being adhesive, increases, on the other hand, the risk of impurities adhering and consequently dragging them into the internal oil circuit. In addition, the piston rod that comes out at least partially from the hydraulic cylinder can also be exposed to aggressive environmental conditions during months when it is not in operation - in the case of dispensing machines of this type that are usually seasonal, in such a way that despite the expensive and inert materials corrosion occurs. DE 10 2013 104 024 A1 seeks to tackle this problem, for example, with a hydraulic cylinder protection box, although in this case too the difficulty of perfect sealing arises and the same applies as above for the necessary materials and for robustness of the hydraulic cylinder itself.

[007] Finally, in dosing devices of this type, which have a displaceable dosing pusher in relation to the container discharge opening that serves to store the material to be distributed, in the case of actuating the dosing pusher by means of Another problem arises from a hydraulic cylinder in the sense that for the adjustment of a desired dosage rate (corresponding to a certain opening position of the dosage pusher in relation to the discharge opening) by means of a scale and a system of fastening it is necessary to adjust a stop corresponding to the desired opening position of the dosing pusher, this stop against which the hydraulic cylinder can then move. In this way, in fact, it is possible to adjust a certain dosing rate, respectively a certain mass flow of material to be distributed, although they cannot be modified if, for example, the displacement speed in relation to the originally calculated speed changes (and consequently a higher or lower dosage rate is required).

[008] For this reason, instead of hydraulic cylinders, modern dispensing machines often use electric cylinders to drive the dosing pushers of the dosing organs, whose movement of translation of the piston rods into the cylinders and out of them is converted, in the same way as that of the hydraulic cylinders, by means of appropriate levers (rod system), into a translation movement or, especially, into a rotation movement of the dosing pusher. Often, such electric cylinders are equipped with stroke sensors, in order to detect the exact withdrawal position of the piston rod in relation to the cylinder, which is representative for the opening position of the dosing member, and especially to use it technically. for the control (DE 40 12 826 A1).

[009] However, dust or particles of mineral fertilizers, salt or other impurities from outside, which act aggressively on the adjusting devices of the dosing devices in distribution machines of this type represent a non-irrelevant functional problem, even in the case of electric cylinders. In this sense, for example, when the piston rod is pulled into the electric cylinder, respectively when it is pushed out of it, an overpressure, respectively a low pressure, is formed inside the cylinder, which, in fact, can be compensated to the outside in applications of this type by means of appropriate valves, which, however, is only possible with difficulty in the case of dispensing machines, because dust from the environment and/or moisture can penetrate the cylinders through the valve and this can lead to corrosion. On the other hand, also in this case, the low pressure prevailing inside the cylinder in the state of the piston rod pushed out poses the risk of aspiration of dust and/or moisture, in such a way that - as in the case of cylinders hydraulics - very high sealability must be ensured, which is practically only possible with very expensive special seals. Insofar as encrusted agglomerates, respectively hardened, have formed on the piston rod, then, in addition, they will have to be destroyed and safely loosened by means of an effective mechanical scraper, in order not to damage these special seals and to conserve the high sealability. In this case, high sealability is also of great importance with regard precisely to electric cylinders, because the stroke sensor system is usually housed inside the cylinder for detecting the updated position of withdrawal of the piston rod. However, in the case of penetrated impurities - solid and/or liquid - these stroke sensors suffer damage, either due to mechanical interference or due to corrosion, in such a way that position detection becomes inaccurate or completely ineffective and this results in a malfunction with regard to dosage rates.

[0010] Something corresponding to this largely applies to the case of electromotive spindle drive units for moving the dosing pusher of the dosing organ, which also use parts that are telescopic one into the other and in which the spindle that can be moved in and out translationally from the motor housing runs the risk of taking impurities in the form of particles or fluid into the motor housing and damaging the electromotor itself or its sensors, being that these impurities mentioned are deposited particularly firmly on the screw thread in a spiral shape and with the continuity of operation, respectively with the continuity of the entry and exit of the spindle in the motor housing, respectively outside this, they can practically no longer be loose. Such an electromotive spindle drive unit, provided with a gear, a metering pusher rotatably supported by a metering member of a disc-shaped spreader can be taken from DE 41 05 059 C2, for example, with the end Free from the translationally displaceable spindle, there is a hinged lever that connects this to the dosing pusher, and the electromotive spindle drive unit is allocated a position detection sensor arranged inside the engine box that accommodate the spindle. A spindle drive unit similar to a rotatably supported metering pusher of a disc-shaped spreader metering unit is known from DE 36 17 302 A1, in which the adjusting spindle which can be pushed into the housing of the engine and which can be pulled out of it, one end of a lever that supports the metering pusher is articulated, also in this case, and the lever is also connected to a stroke detector for detecting your updated position.

[0011] In all the functional interferences caused by the above problems, a stoppage of the dispensing machine work necessarily results, which, generally, only with difficulty can be placed in a type of manual emergency operation or even cannot. However, since the distribution machines of this type are used almost exclusively seasonally and that, usually, only a small window of time is available for their necessary use (whether in the case of seasonal fertilization with a predefined state of planting, or in the event of a sudden snowfall), then these dispensing machine interruptions need to be avoided as much as possible.

[0012] As another problem with the electric cylinders used to drive the dosing pusher of dosing devices of this type, these cylinders that use telescopic parts in relation to each other, there is the fact that due to the increasing size (respectively to the increasing working ranges) and increasing displacement speeds, as well as increasing automation processes, increasingly high entry and exit speeds of the piston rods, respectively of the adjustment spindles inwards and outwards, become necessary. out of electric cylinders. Since the performance of electric cylinders is relatively low due to the high expenditure of force for the usually friction-intensive operation, then, consequently, there is an ever-increasing demand for electrical power to be made available. This is disadvantageous not only with regard to a high consumption of electrical energy, but also, in particular, with regard to the fact that the electric cylinders of dispensing machines of this type generally have to be powered by the on-board mains system. of the traction machine, given that both in agriculture and in the case of traditional road vehicles, most of the time only a 12 V network is available. of electrical control and/or regulation, respectively electronic, with various functions of the dispensing machine, then up to six electrical adjustment units may be present (respectively two for the dosing devices, for the devices eventually present for the regulation of the unloading point, as well as for mixing mechanisms possibly present), which, in the case of simultaneous operation together with the electronic control/regulation system itself, as well as with a handling unit usually allocated to it, require very high electrical powers. This can lead to very high current intensities, even to a collapse of the on-board network, respectively to an emergency disconnection by means of safety means, in such a way that it results in a need to increase the poor performance of the electrical adjustment cylinders.

[0013] As already mentioned, dispensing machines of this type are often equipped with devices for regulating the point of discharge of the product to be distributed to the distribution bodies, and in relation to their constructive configuration, they are known, essentially three variants of execution, which include - a swiveling support of a base provided with the discharge opening out of the container; - a support, rotating coaxially with the dispensing member, of a sleeve arranged next to the dosing member, with a radial discharge opening for the dispensing member; or - a rotatable or even translationally displaceable support of a slide or chute arranged next to the dosing member.

[0014] With regard to the alternative mentioned first, EP 2 057 876 A1, for example, describes a dispensing machine in the form of a two-disc spreader, to which two dispensing discs are allocated, respectively, a device for regulating the discharge point of the material to be distributed, each of which includes a revolving base provided with an opening for the discharge of the container. The turntables are driven by means of electric cylinders, which can be operated one separately from the other, or by means of a common electric cylinder and a corresponding lever system. As for the second alternative, from EP 1 145 614 B1, for example, a dispensing machine can be deduced here also in the form of a spreader with discs, which includes a sleeve arranged directly above the surface of the dispensing disc and rotatable with this coaxial via an electric cylinder. The material to be distributed is conducted to the sleeve by means of the dosing member and is discharged onto the surface of the distribution disk in its central region through a radial discharge opening of the sleeve. According to the position of rotation of the sleeve, its discharge opening is displaced in the circumferential direction of the distribution disc, in such a way that - similarly to the first alternative described above - an adjustment of the discharge point in the direction circumference of the distribution disc. As for the third alternative, for example, from EP 0 489 674 B1, EP 0 682 857 B1 or EP 2 454 928 B1, dispensing machines are known in the form of disc spreaders, in which the material to be distributed is discharged through of the dosing device of a slide or trough that can be rotated. Through rotation of the slide by means of its electric cylinder allocated to it, its free end is displaced in relation to the stationary supported distribution disk, to regulate the discharge point of the material to be distributed on the distribution disk - usually both in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction of the same.

[0015] The purpose of the invention is to develop, in a simple and economical way, a dispensing machine of the type mentioned at the beginning, as well as a dosing device suitable for it, in the sense that, at least largely avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages, even under action of aggressive substances in powder or particulate form, including humidity, respectively water impregnation, in extreme weather conditions, there is an increase in the operational safety of the dosing unit and, in particular, also the speed of regulation of its dosing pusher, whereby, preferably, the dosing device, including the adjustment drive of its dosing pusher, should be configured as compactly as possible.

[0016] According to the invention, this objective is achieved in a dispensing machine of the type mentioned at the beginning, respectively in a dosing device suitable for it, due to the fact that the actuation of the dosing pusher of the dosing device includes a threaded spindle fixed axially supported and rotatably driven by means of a rotary motor drive unit with axially fixed moving output shaft, the threaded spindle along which a spindle nut is driven which is engaged with the spindle screw, which is in connection with the metering pusher or with a lever arm arranged therein to actuate the metering pusher through rotation of the threaded spindle.

[0017] The configuration according to the invention of the adjustment elements of the dosing pusher of the dosing element with the spindle nut engaged with the threaded spindle, supported axially fixed, although rotating, eliminates, in the first place, all problems with prior art adjustment bodies, which include mutually telescoping parts, with regard to harmful adherence of impurities, such as particles of material to be dispensed, dirt and/or moisture, on their piston rods or in their adjustment spindles, as the threaded spindle supported in an axially fixed manner can be set in rotation by means of a rotary drive unit which acts merely rotationally, whose output axis of movement which is consequently located , which can also be swiveled but fixed axially (see also below on this), and therefore there is no considerable risk of impurities penetrating the drive motor without the need for actuating the metering pusher. parts that are translationally telescopic relative to one another with levers pivoting thereto. Instead, the invention envisages a transmission of the merely rotary movement from the output shaft with axially fixed movement of the driving rotary drive unit to the threaded spindle supported also axially fixed, whose spindle nut that is engaged with it converts this movement rotary in a translational movement along the threaded spindle and, in this process, drags with it the dosing pusher, respectively a lever arm arranged therein, to guarantee different opening positions (partially and totally) of the dosing pusher, as well as at least at least one closing position, in which the dosing pusher completely closes the discharge opening.

[0018] As will be explained in detail below, in this case, the actuation according to the invention of the dosing pusher can be configured in a very compact and space-saving way due to the absence of telescopic parts with levers articulated therein and, consequently , it is ideally suited to the rather limited structural space which is available below the container which serves to store the material to be spread, of dispensing machines of this kind, such as especially (two) disk spreaders, of which it is also available in connection with any known embodiments of devices for adjusting the point of discharge of the material to be dispensed to the dispensing bodies, as described further above.

[0019] In addition, the drive force expenditure according to the invention of the metering pusher is significantly lower compared to the state of the art due to the absence of adjustment members that adjust mutually telescopically and, consequently, the performance is significantly higher than that of electrical adjustment cylinders, so that energy consumption is reduced and, moreover, there is no risk of an overload of the on-board network of the dispensing machine itself or of a traction machine, such such as a tractor or road vehicle. Correspondingly, also due to the reduced actuation forces required, less wear results which shortens maintenance intervals and especially minimizes the risk of breakdown during seasonal use precisely at the moment when the dispensing machine is required. In addition, especially due to the use of electromotive rotary drive units, explained in detail below, for driving the threaded spindles, it becomes possible to reach, without problems, very high speeds for adjusting the dosing pusher, as the number of The rotations of these rotary drive units are subject to disproportionately lower limits than in the case of the input and output translational movements of the telescopic piston/cylinder units, such as are employed in the state of the art for actuating dosing pushers.

[0020] At this point, it should be noted that by "axially fixed" threaded spindle, respectively "axially fixed" movement output shaft, of the driving rotary drive unit, in the sense of the present manifestation, it is understood, of course, the operational state after of the final assembly, whereas on the occasion of assembly, respectively disassembly, for example after loosening the respective bearings, it may of course be possible to move the threaded spindle and/or especially the output shaft of movement of the rotary drive unit in axial direction to be able to install and uninstall it.

[0021] Consequently, the threaded spindle can be rotatably driven, preferably by means of an electromotive rotary drive unit, such as an electromotor, whose output shaft of movement - as well as the threaded spindle - is supported fixed axially during operation and does not transmit any translational movement to the threaded spindle, but only a rotational movement. In this context, brushless direct current motors, respectively servomotors, are particularly advantageous, which, with a simple and robust structure, have not only a high performance at very high rotation speeds, but also a self-restraint only small, in such a way that in the event of a breakdown an easy manual emergency operation is possible (see below).

[0022] In this case, on the one hand, it can be envisaged, for example, that the threaded spindle is formed by the movement output shaft of the motive rotary drive unit or is connected with it in a non-rotational way, and preferably , the anti-rotation connection must be able to be released from the threaded spindle and must ensure easy assembly or disassembly.

[0023] On the other hand, it can be specially provided that the threaded spindle is in connection with the output shaft of movement of the motive slewing drive unit by means of a belt mechanism, especially in the form of a toothed belt mechanism, or also in the form of a rounded belt mechanism, wedge-shaped, V-shaped ribbed belt mechanism or similar, or by means of meshing sprockets, or also by means of friction wheels, which can be especially advantageous with regard to a compact and space-saving structure of the drive unit and, in addition, it makes it possible to reduce the number of revolutions of the movement output shaft of the slewing (electro)drive unit to the number of revolutions of the spindle threaded spindle, insofar as the toothed wheel or the friction wheel, respectively the belt wheel (toothed), which rests on the movement output shaft has a diameter (perceptibly) greater than that of the threaded spindle, respectively of a shaft that supports this, to ensure not only a very fast, but also extremely precise actuation of the dosing pusher, which is in connection with the spindle nut driven along the threaded spindle and engaged with it.

[0024] For corresponding reasons, as well as from a constructive point of view, advantageously, in this case, the movement output axis of the (electro)drive rotary drive unit can be arranged, essentially, parallel to the threaded spindle, the which, in turn, moreover, advantageously extends in a plane approximately parallel to the plane of displacement of the metering pusher. Furthermore, in the two previously mentioned embodiments, in this case also with regard to a compact structure, the motion output shaft of the (electro)motor drive unit can comprise, for example, only one drive shaft. axially fixed socket, whose rotational movement is transmitted through an anti-rotating connection with the threaded spindle arranged coaxially and also supported in an axially fixed manner, respectively with a shaft that supports the threaded spindle, or through toothed wheels that mesh, respectively friction wheels , or belt mechanisms (toothed), to the threaded spindle, respectively to the axis that supports it.

[0025] The configuration according to the invention of actuating the dosing pusher of the dosing organ, due to its connection with the spindle nut that is translationally displaceable along the threaded spindle, which, in turn, is rotatably driven, although fixed axially supported, basically makes it possible for the metering pusher to be displaceable translationally, especially essentially parallel to the axial direction of the threaded spindle, as, for example, along a guide of the metering pusher. metering that extends approximately parallel to the threaded spindle.

[0026] Instead, the drive according to the invention of the dosing pusher of the dosing member also makes it especially possible for the dosing pusher to be rotatably displaceable, especially around a pivot axis, for example almost vertical, arranged essentially perpendicular to the axial direction of the threaded spindle and/or at a radial distance from it, as is the case, most of the time, in dispensing machines of this type.

[0027] For the purpose of exact guidance along the threaded spindle, the spindle nut can be guided along the threaded spindle by means of a nut with grooves in which it is fixed in a non-rotational way, and basically , any other known forms of execution of the spindle nut are also conceivable, which, guaranteeing a translational displacement along the threaded spindle, always ensure an anti-rotation arrangement of the spindle nut to be able to drive it through rotation of the threaded spindle.

[0028] Especially in the case of a pivotally supported metering pusher, in order to be able to take into account their distances that vary during pivoting in relation to the threaded spindle that usually extends linearly, the metering pusher or the lever arm there arranged can be connected with the spindle nut basically by means of a lever (rod system) known from the state of the art, on the one hand arranged on the dosing pusher or on the lever arm arranged therein and, on the other hand, articulated to the screw nut. spindle. However, compared to the former, in terms of a more compact configuration, simpler from a constructive point of view and more economical, with a more exact transmission of the translational movement of the spindle nut to the rotatably displaceable dosing pusher, It has turned out to be advantageous for the spindle nut or slotted nut to have at least one carrier, preferably removable, which extends essentially perpendicularly to the axial direction of the threaded spindle, as well as, conveniently, approximately parallel. to the pivoting axis of the metering pusher, for the purpose of easy assembly and disassembly, this drag being engaged with a longitudinal hole of the metering pusher or of the lever arm arranged therein. When the spindle nut, respectively the slotted nut, consequently moves translationally along the axially fixed, rotating threaded spindle, then the drag of the spindle nut formed, for example, essentially by a stud with cross section circular or complementary to the final longitudinal hole, although shorter in relation to this one, will be able to move along the longitudinal hole of the metering pusher, respectively of the lever arm placed therein and, in the process, compensate for the changes in distance that accompany it the rotation of the dosing pusher around its pivot axis.

[0029] Preferably, the threaded spindle, especially together with its rotating (electro)drive unit, can be arranged on the side of the discharge opening opposite the dosing pusher of the dosing member, respectively on the base side of the container provided with the discharge opening, in such a way that it is protected, respectively they are protected, against the particles of material to be spread that fly around it and, at the same time, an extremely compact structure is guaranteed with the best possible use of the structural space that is only available to a limited extent. The threaded spindle and especially also the driving rotary drive unit are therefore conveniently arranged on the upper side of the base, provided with the discharge opening of the container of material to be spread from the spreading machine - be it stationary or it can be moved by means of a device for adjusting the point of discharge of the material to be spread on the distribution discs, especially rotating -, while the dosing pusher is located below the discharge opening. For the best possible protection against external influences, a cover is also available which covers, respectively, conveniently encapsulates the entire drive unit of the metering pusher, i.e. the threaded spindle including the motor rotary drive unit, as well as the corresponding means of transmission of moment of rotation.

[0030] Preferably, the threaded spindle, especially together with its driving rotary drive unit, can be arranged - on the base of the container provided with the discharge opening, especially removable, or - on a support flange fixed therein, especially in a removable way, so that a very compact structure results. In order to guarantee the greatest possible freedom of play, the metering pusher, in the case of its pivoting arrangement, can conveniently be supported directly on the base of the container or especially directly on the support flange fixed there, for example screwed.

[0031] In the case of a pivotal support of the dosing pusher of the dosing member, it may also be advantageous for the rotatably displaceable dosing pusher to have a pivot axis, almost vertical, for example, especially arranged perpendicularly, in essence, to the discharge opening, which crosses the base of the container provided with the discharge opening, and on the side of the base opposite the dosing pusher, a lever arm non-rotationally connected with its pivot axis is in connection with the spindle nut. This makes possible not only an arrangement, already mentioned above, of actuating the metering member on the (upper) side of the base provided with the discharge opening opposite the metering pusher located above the distribution member, but also, once again, a compact structure, very economical in terms of space and protected against external interference.

[0032] In order to obtain an easy assembly and disassembly, the dosing pusher and/or the lever arm that connects it with the spindle nut can be connected, preferably in a removable way, with the pivot axis of the dosing pusher, insofar as it, for example, is screwed on as a pivot shaft fastening flange. In this case, the metering pusher, in the final assembled state, can be especially rigid, i.e. the metering pusher itself is fixedly connected (not rotationally) with the lever arm that connects it with the threaded spindle, as well as with its pivoting axis, which, in turn, is pivotally supported especially on the base provided with the discharge opening or on the fixing flange fixed therein.

[0033] Moreover, in this context it can be foreseen that the lever arm that connects the dosing pusher of the dosing unit with the spindle nut is displaceable between the base of the container provided with the discharge opening or between the support flange fixed there , on the one hand, and the (electro)drive drive unit of the threaded spindle, on the other hand, especially essentially parallel to the plane of the base or supporting flange. The driving rotary drive unit therefore extends above the metering pusher and especially between the threaded spindle rotatably driven by it and the pivoting shaft of the metering pusher, resulting in an optimal use of space together with a the most compact possible way of actuating the dosing pusher.

[0034] As already mentioned, the (electro)drive rotary drive unit of the threaded spindle is conveniently housed in a box, in order to provide all its functional components with the greatest possible protection against external interference, and especially for reliably prevent corrosion due to a penetration of moisture, as well as aggressive fine particles, such as scattered particles, respectively seed particles, which fly around it during spreading work, respectively during sowing work, coming from mineral fertilizers or salt to be sprinkled. For this purpose, the housing is specially sealed against dust and liquids, the movement output shaft of the rotary (electro)drive unit being specially sealed to the housing by means of at least one sliding ring seal. . Owing to the merely rotary movement of the movement output shaft of the (electro)motor drive unit, this results in a rather simple sealing of the movement output shaft with respect to the housing by means of traditional seals. As has already been mentioned, it has also proved advantageous to cover, preferably the entire drive unit of the metering pusher.

[0035] As already mentioned, in a preferred configuration it can further be provided that the (electro)drive rotary drive unit is allocated at least one gear, in particular in the form of a coupling gear, a coaxial gear, an angular gear and/or a planetary gear, whereby the (electro)drive slewing unit together with the gear, especially as a gear motor type, can be housed in a single common housing, or else the slewing drive unit , as well as possibly one or more gears installed next to it, can be housed in separate boxes, which are fixed to the casing of the (electro)drive rotary drive unit to ensure complete closure of the components of both the rotary drive unit and the also the gear. Due to the fact that the gear reduces the rotational speed of the rotary (electro)drive unit especially to a (sensibly) lower rotational speed, then, on the one hand, one can employ an (electro)motor with power relatively low and, on the other hand, it becomes possible to ensure especially highly precise steering of the dosing pusher of the dosing organ, as several rotations of the (electromotor) produce only a partial rotation of its output shaft of movement due to the installed gear then to him. The performance that can be obtained with such a drive unit formed by the rotary (electro)drive drive unit and the gear installed afterwards is in the order of magnitude of at least 40% or more, in the case of the transmission according to with the invention of the exclusively rotary movement of the movement output shaft for the axially fixed threaded spindle. The type of gear chosen is mainly guided by the very limited constructive space that is available below the container in dispensing machines of this type, and, for example, planetary gears, coupling gears or angular gears or combinations of gears were considered appropriate. coupling or angle gears with coaxial gears.

[0036] In another relevant configuration, it can be foreseen that a position detection sensor is allocated to the movement output shaft of the (electro)drive unit, or at least to another shaft thereof or to a gear thereof, especially in the form of an angle sensor which can detect the angular position of the respective shaft, and/or in the form of a number of revolutions sensor which can detect the amount of revolutions of the respective shaft, as known from the state of the technique. In this case, the sensor can conveniently be connected to a device for controlling and/or regulating the dispensing machine. Due to the absence of a translational displacement, respectively telescopic, of the rotationally driven but axially fixed motion output shaft of the (electro)motive rotary drive unit, it has a very high long-term sealability, in addition to the advantage of a functionally safe housing of this type of sensor in the housing of the (electro)motive drive unit, respectively in a gearbox installed next to this or in common with it, in such a way that the electromotive drive unit can be configured , essentially as a type of servomotor, for example in the form of a brushless DC motor. In this case, the position detection sensor of such an electromotive rotary drive unit serves for position detection of the actual position of the spindle nut, respectively of the metering pusher in connection therewith, especially in real time, in such a way that the theoretical position can eventually be readjusted by means of the control and/or adjustment device of the dispensing machine. As position detection sensors can be considered practically any known sensors, which are able to detect the number of rotations and/or the angular position of shafts. Just as an example, it is worth mentioning in this context the induction sensors, Reed sensors, magnetostrictive sensors and the like.

[0037] The control and/or adjustment device may also comprise, for example, a control plate which may also be housed in the permanently sealed housing of the (electro)motive rotary drive unit or also in a module separate operating, respectively operating terminal. In a usual way, an input device can be conveniently associated with it to command the control and/or regulation device according to the desired settings of the dosing pusher of the dosing member, as well as other functional parts of the dispensing machine. , such as devices for adjusting the discharge point and the like. The input device can be housed, for example, in the driver's cabin of a traction machine, such as a tractor or a road vehicle, or it can be formed by a portable operational terminal, to guarantee, in a usual way, the desired remote operability.

[0038] As the electromotive rotary drive unit can also basically have its own device for supplying electric current, such as a battery, accumulator or similar, then it can be supplied with electric current, preferably by supplying electrical current from a traction machine, such as a tractor or road vehicle. In this case, the electromotive rotary drive unit can in particular have an electrical interface that can be connected to the electrical current supply of the traction machine.

[0039] Alternatively or additionally to a position detection sensor of the type mentioned above, allocated to the (electro)drive rotary drive unit of the threaded spindle, it can also be provided, for example, that the spindle nut displaceable along the spindle threaded screw, respectively to the splined nut, a position detection sensor is allocated, especially in the form of a sliding or friction contact arranged on a wall extending parallel to the threaded spindle and cooperating with the spindle nut, respectively with the splined nut , which can be advantageous in the sense that the position of the threaded spindle is directly representative of the metering pusher that is in mechanical connection with it. Also in this case, the position detection sensor can conveniently be connected to a control and/or adjustment device of the dispensing machine, in the manner described above.

[0040] Furthermore, according to an advantageous form of development, it can be provided that the metering pusher of the metering member is attached, in a particularly removable manner, to a crank, essentially in the form of an operating lever, which extends from the dosing pusher, to be able to manually actuate the dosing pusher. In that case, the crank can be attached particularly rigidly to the metering pusher, e.g. to its pivot shaft connected non-rotationally with it, and can extend from there approximately radially towards the outside. Furthermore, it can be permanently attached, preferably removable, to the metering pusher, respectively to its pivot axis, by screwing thereto for example, or the metering pusher can be equipped with a correspondingly receptacle. positioned, such as a perforation, for example, with tabs or the like provided with perforations, with which the handle configured as a separate maneuvering piece can be made to engage operationally in a removable way in case of need. In this way, in the event of a breakdown of the (electro)drive drive unit of the threaded spindle or its electrical current supply, such as the on-board network of a traction machine, it is possible to bring the dosing pusher manually to its closing position, in order to ensure transport of the dispensing machine without the material to be distributed that is still in the container being able to run out through the discharge opening with the dosing pusher open (partially), which would have the consequence not only economic damage but also environmental damage, but it would also represent a high safety risk with regard to a risk of skidding, if the material to be distributed reaches public roads in the case of jolts and vibrations usual during travel.

[0041] Furthermore, in the case of the dispensing machine, it may be, for example, a spreader with one, two or more discs, which has at least two discharge openings, especially two, arranged at the base of the container, then to which, respectively, a dosing member with a corresponding metering pusher, as well as respectively a distribution member disposed next to the metering member for distributing the material to be distributed on the soil, being that, in particular, the each metering pusher of a respective metering member is allocated a separate drive unit according to the invention, in order to be able to control, respectively regulate, the metering members independently of one another.

[0042] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention result from the description that follows of examples of execution, taking the corresponding drawings as reference. These show:

[0043] Figure 1: a schematic view in perspective, seen from behind at an angle, of a distributing machine configured in the form of a two-disc agricultural spreader;

[0044] Figure 2: a schematic view in perspective, seen from below in an inclined manner, of an embodiment of one of the dosing elements of the dispensing machine of figure 1, with a dosing pusher pivotally supported that cooperates with a discharge opening at the base of the container;

[0045] Figure 3: a schematic view in perspective, corresponding to figure 2, essentially, of the dosing organ in a dismembered display and even of a discharge compartment also fixed on the underside of the base of the container;

[0046] Figure 4: a schematic view in perspective, seen from above in an inclined manner, of an embodiment of a drive unit according to the invention of the dosing pusher of the dosing member of figures 2 and 3, which includes a spindle nut guided along and engaged with a rotatably driven threaded spindle, which is in connection with a lever arm of the metering pusher;

[0047] Figure 5: the dosing pusher drive unit of Figure 4, seen from below in an inclined manner; It is

[0048] Figure 6: the drive unit of the dosing pusher of figures 4 and 5 similar to that of figure 4, seen from above at an angle, although with the spindle nut removed to facilitate the observation of the arrangement of the fixed lever arm to the dosing pusher.

[0049] The distributing machine reproduced in figure 1, in the form of a two-disc spreader for agricultural purposes, has a frame 1 with a transverse bar 2, which, in the case of a mechanical drive of the distributing elements 3 derived from the axis of The crankpin of a traction machine, such as a tractor, houses a transverse mechanism, while in the case of a hydraulic drive (not shown) or, in particular, an electric one with an adjustable number of revolutions, the hydraulic motors, respectively electric, allocated to each gear unit. distribution 3 can be fastened to the transverse bar 2. The distribution members 3 are configured in the form of distribution discs 4a, 4b rotatably driven around an approximately vertical axis of rotation V, which are usually equipped with ejection 5a, 5b.

[0050] In addition, the dispensing machine has a container 7 for storing the material to be dispensed, such as, in particular, fertilizers or seeds, which, in the present case, comprises two container parts 8, 9 that narrow downwards approximately funnel-shaped, which, at the lower end, transition to a lower part 10, 11 with a base ring (not identifiable in figure 1) open downwards. Directly below a respective base ring of the lower parts 10, 11 of a respective container part 8, 9 a base 14 is respectively arranged, to be deduced from figures 2 and 3, with a discharge opening, respectively a discharge opening. metering 16 (cf. figure 2), whose free cross-section can be controlled to open and close electromotively by means of a metering pusher 18 - rotating in this case - of a metering member for adjusting the mass flow desired amount of material to be dispensed, between a closed position, in which the metering pusher 18 completely closes the discharge opening 16, and a fully open position, as well as any partially open positions. In that case, the metering pusher 18, which cooperates with a respective discharge position 16, is found, also in that case, directly below a respective base 14 provided with the discharge opening 16 and is pivotally supported around a essentially vertical axis D which extends approximately perpendicularly to the base 14 (on this, see also figures 4 to 6). For the mechanical limitation of its ability to pivot, the metering pusher 18 can also, for example, be provided with a longitudinal hole 15 that extends around a corresponding circumferential section thereof, this hole in which a pin 17 arranged in the bottom of a respective base 14 engages in such a way that it moves along the longitudinal hole 15 during the pivoting of the dosing pusher 18 around its pivot axis D and, on the one hand, in the position of closure and, on the other hand, in the maximum opening position of the dosing pusher, hit the opposite ends - looking in the circumferential direction - of the longitudinal hole 15.

[0051] In addition, in figures 2 and 3, a crank 48 configured in the form of a maneuvering lever 49 is recognized, which extends, in essence, from its pivot axis D or laterally from there approximately radially to the outside and which, if necessary, is used to manually actuate the metering pusher 18. In this case, the operating lever 49 is rigidly attached, although removable by means of screws, to the metering pusher 18, although, however, it can also be connected with it forming a single piece, for example, or it can be configured as a separate type of tool, which, if necessary, can be inserted from the outside into a corresponding receptacle on the pusher. of dosage 18 (not shown). In this way, the metering pusher 18 of the metering member can be closed manually, for example by means of the crank 48, insofar as during field work a malfunction occurs in the metering member, its drive unit or in its power supply, in order to be able to transport the dispensing machine without loss of material to be dispensing. In the dismembered display of figure 3, one can also recognize a discharge compartment 50, removablely attachable to the underside of the base 14, which extends, conveniently, up to directly above the distributor disks 4a, 4b and inside which the material to be spread can be transferred by the metering member to the respective distributor disk 4a, 4b. Such discharge compartments are known from the state of the art.

[0052] As can be seen from figure 1, in addition, the dispensing machine can be equipped with a dispensing disc guard 20, which partially surrounds the dispensing discs 4a, 4b with the ejection vanes 5a, 5b. In the present case, it is constituted by several sheet sections connected to each other, of which a central section 21 is arranged between the distributor disks 4a, 4b and the container parts 8, 9, especially their lower parts 10, 11 , and each other arcuate section 22, 23 surrounds the distributor discs 4a, 4b in their front region - looking in the direction of travel of the vehicle.

[0053] In addition, to each respective distribution device 3, in the form of the distribution disks 4a, 4b, a device, not reproduced in detail in the drawing, can be allocated for adjusting the point of discharge of the material to be distributed to the disks distributors 4a, 4b, which includes, for example, a support, rotating coaxially to the axis of rotation V of the distributor discs, of the bases 14 of the container parts 8, 9 of the container 7 and a corresponding rotary drive unit - manually or specially driving force or as an actuator - of bases 14, as is known from the state of the art, for example by EP 2 057 876 A1 cited at the beginning. The dosing opening, respectively discharge 16, located in the bases 14 thus allows it to be moved, for example, along a circular track around a circumferential section around the distributor disks 4a, 4b, and this makes the point outlet is adjustable in the circumferential direction of the distributor discs 4a, 4b. In that case, for example, with each turntable 14 a position marker 90, 91, indicated only in figure 1, can be connected in the form of a pointer, which cooperates with a scale 92, 93 stationary fixed in a respective Container part 8, 9 of container 7, the scale of which is provided with a scaled marking representing the position of the unloading point.

[0054] Figures 4 to 6 reproduce different views of an example of the execution of a drive unit according to the invention of the dosing pusher 18 of the dosing member, whose components, in the present case, are removablely fixed in a support flange 30, which is removablely fixed, for example by means of screws (not shown) which engage in corresponding boreholes 31, on the side of the base 14 provided with the discharge opening 16 opposite the metering pusher 18, although externally to container 7; 8, 9 (cf. figure 1) not shown again in figures 4 to 6, in such a way that the drive unit is protected as well as possible against particles of material to be spread thrown by the distributor discs during operation. In the present case, the support flange 30 is configured in two parts and comprises, on the one hand, a support plate 30a on its side facing the base 14, and, on the other hand, on its side facing away from the base 14 it includes a mounting plate 30b equipped with corresponding fastening elements, described in detail below, for retaining the different components of the drive unit of the dosing pusher 18, the support plate 30a and the mounting plate 30b of the flange support plate 30 are screwed together to the base 14 by means of aligned perforations 31. In this case, the configuration of the support flange 30 in two parts offers the possibility of being able to choose different materials for this, and the support plate 30a can be produced of metallic materials, for example, to provide the support flange 30 with a very high mechanical resistance and rigidity, while the mounting plate 30b provided with the fastening elements can be produced in a specially one-piece piece of synthetic material to guarantee an economical production , such as by means of injection moulding. However, of course, the support flange 30 can also be configured as one piece, such as by injection molding or metal molding (not shown). While the metering pusher 14, whose pivot axis D crosses the base 14 approximately perpendicularly in the example shown, can basically also be supported on the base 14, in this case it is also supported on the support flange 30 - here: in its mounting plate 30b - and perpendicular to it, and the support flange 30 - or more precisely: its mounting plate 30b - has a corresponding bearing bush 37 for this purpose.

[0055] The drive unit completely free of telescopic parts of the dosing pusher 18 includes a threaded spindle 33 that is rotatably driven, although axially fixed, and is rotatably supported on corresponding support stands 32a, 32b, for example, of the support flange 30, respectively of its mounting plate 30b, which threaded spindle extends essentially perpendicularly to the pivot axis D of the metering pusher 18 and both at a distance from it and also tangentially to it. A spindle nut 34 is engaged with the threaded spindle 33, identifiable only in figure 4, this nut being guided along the threaded spindle 33, that is, in its axial direction, in such a way that when rotation occurs of the threaded spindle 33 it moves translationally along it. For guiding the spindle nut 34, a nut with grooves 35 can be provided, for example, also only identifiable in figure 4, in which it is disposed in a non-rotational way and/or forms an integral part with it. The slotted nut 35 can be allocated a usual guide slot (not identifiable in the drawing), which extends parallel to the threaded spindle 33 and can be arranged on the support flange 30, respectively on its own mounting plate 30b and/or , for example, on a wall 36 which connects support stands 32a, 32b (cf. also in this case figure 4).

[0056] As can be deduced from figures 4 to 6 in connection with figures 3 and 4, the dosing pusher 18 of the dosing member is therefore screwed together with the crank 48 which serves as a maneuvering lever 49 on a flange of axle 38 that crosses the base 14 in an approximately perpendicular way, this axle flange that constitutes its pivot axis D and which, in turn, is pivotally supported on the bearing bush 37 of the support flange 38. As can be deduced from figures 4 to 6 and even better from figure 6, the axle flange 38 that constitutes the pivot axis D of the dosing pusher 18, at its opposite end to the dosing pusher 18, that is, on its side of the base 14 Opposite the metering pusher 18, it is non-rotationally connected with a lever arm 39 to actuate the same through rotation of the threaded spindle 33 and the thus conditioned displacement of the spindle nut 34 along it. For this purpose, the lever arm 39 is in connection with the spindle nut 34, in the present case this occurs by means of the splined nut 35 non-rotationally connected with the spindle nut 34.

[0057] To compensate for the different distances of the spindle nut 34, respectively of the splined nut 35, in relation to the pivot axis D of the dosing pusher 18 depending on which axial position of the threaded spindle 33 is at that moment the spindle nut spindle 34, the lever arm 39, at its end opposite the axle flange 38 which constitutes the pivot axis D and facing the spindle nut 34, has a longitudinal hole 40, which extends, essentially, in the direction radial with respect to the pivot axis D, respectively essentially in the direction of extension of the lever arm 39. Also in this case, the splined nut 35 connected to the spindle nut 34 has a drag 41 (cf. figure 4) which engages in the longitudinal hole 40 of the lever arm 39 and which conveniently extends approximately perpendicularly both thereto and also in relation to the axial direction of the threaded spindle 33, this drag which, for the purposes of easy assembly, is found if fixed, preferably removable, such as screwed, for example, to the spindle nut 34, respectively to the slotted nut 35. While the drag 41 can be formed, for example, by a stud with a rounded (circular) cross-section with a diameter approximately corresponding to the width of the longitudinal hole 40 (not shown), already in the present example of execution, in order to guide it even more accurately and absolutely without play in the longitudinal hole 40, it includes a profiled part 42, which is pivoting around the extension axis of the drag 41, with two edge sections parallel to the longitudinal edges of the longitudinal hole 40 and whose distances from these correspond approximately to the width of the longitudinal hole 40, and the length of the profiled part 41 is specially dimensioned from one in such a way that it only abuts against the ends of the longitudinal hole 40 when the lever arm 39 has reached a respective pivoted position around the pivot axis D, which corresponds to the closing position, respectively the completely open position of the pusher. dosing valve 18, in which it completely releases the discharge opening 16 from the base 14 (see figure 2).

[0058] As is also apparent from figures 4 to 6, the dosing pusher drive unit 18 also has an electromotive rotary drive unit 42 which serves to drive the threaded spindle 33 in rotation, insofar as it transmits the this is a purely rotary movement. While the axially fixed motion output shaft 44, consisting of a plug-in shaft, of the electromotive rotary drive unit 42 can basically also be arranged coaxially, for example with the threaded spindle 33, and can be connected non-rotationally with this (not shown), already in the case of the present embodiment - not least with regard to a very compact construction of the drive unit - it is provided that the electromotive drive unit 43 is arranged approximately parallel to the threaded spindle 33, as well as between this and the pivot axis V of the metering pusher 18, and it is also removablely fixed on the support flange 30 - or more precisely: on retaining parts 45a, 45b of its mounting plate 30b provided for this. In that case, the electromotive rotary drive unit 43 surrounds, for example, the lever arm 39 of the metering pusher 18, which consequently can be pivotally displaced around the pivot axis D, between the flange surface support 30 - or more precisely: its mounting plate 30b - and the electromotive rotary drive unit 43 in a plane extending parallel to the support flange 30 as well as the base 14. Consequently, the output shaft of motion 44 fixed axially supported by the electromotive rotary drive unit 43 likewise extends parallel to the threaded spindle 33, in this case for transmitting the rotational movement from the movement output shaft 44 to the spindle thread 33, a toothed belt mechanism 46 is employed, which includes a toothed belt 46a which, on the one hand, is engaged over a toothed belt wheel 46b non-rotationally seated on the output axis of movement 44 and, on the other side, is engaged with a toothed belt wheel 46c seated non-rotationally on the axis of rotation of the threaded spindle 33. In that case, preferably, the toothed belt wheel 46b seated on the output axis of movement 44 is (approximately ) smaller than the toothed belt wheel 46b seated on the rotation axis of the threaded spindle 33, in order to guarantee a reduction of the rotational speed of the movement output shaft 44 of the electromotive rotary drive unit 43 and, thus, to guarantee not only a very fast but also a very precise displacement, respectively a setting of the metering pusher 18 to its desired opening position in relation to the discharge opening 16. Of course, instead of the toothed belt mechanism 46, other devices can also be envisaged. means of transmitting rotational moment, such as friction belt or V-shaped mechanisms, meshing sprockets or the like (not shown).

[0059] The electromotive rotary drive unit 43 conveniently has an electromotor housed in a box 47, in which case the electromotor is, in particular, a gear motor that is equipped with a gear of practically any known type of construction. In this case, the movement output shaft 44 of the electromotive rotary drive unit 43 passes through the housing 47 on its front side and is sealed against dust and liquids by means of an annular sliding seal 40, not shown in the drawings. Furthermore, in the housing 47 of the electromotive rotary drive unit 43, preferably position detection sensors can also be housed, also not shown in the drawings, which, for example as a type of angle sensor and/or number of rotations, are able to detect the exact angular position of the movement output shaft 44 or of another axis such as that of the gear, for example, and, consequently, the corresponding position of the metering pusher 18. position detection are in operative connection with a control and/or regulation device (also not shown) of the dispensing machine, in order to adjust the desired dosing quantities, respectively the desired mass flows of material to be distributed, as well how, especially, to regulate them based on the actual mass flow of material to be distributed, also detected by sensors, as well as depending on the position of the distributing machine in the field during the spreading work, detected by GPS, for example. The electromotive rotary drive unit 43 can therefore be configured as a servomotor type, such as a brushless DC motor, for example.

[0060] Alternatively or in addition to the position detection sensors of the electromotive rotary drive unit 43, it is possible, for example, to also allocate a position detection sensor (not shown) to the spindle nut 34 displaceable along the spindle threaded 33, respectively to the slotted nut 35 connected thereto in a non-rotational way, this sensor which for the purposes mentioned above is also in connection with the control and/or regulation device of the dispensing machine and, for example, can also be configured in the form of a sliding or friction contact that cooperates with the spindle nut 34, respectively with the slotted nut 35, and that is arranged on the wall 36 that extends parallel to the threaded spindle 33 (cf. figure 4).

[0061] The electromotive rotary drive unit 43, as well as any position detection sensors, can be conveniently connected to the power supply of the tractor machine via an electrical interface (not shown) provided on the distributor machine or a tractor machine of the same, such as a tractor, for example, in such a way that the distributing machine itself does not require any power supply of its own, but is supplied with electrical energy by the on-board network of the tractor machine.

[0062] Finally, it turns out to be appropriate to encapsulate the entire drive unit of the dosing pusher 18 for protection against external interference, which can occur, for example, by means of a cover 51 that can be placed over the support flange 30 - or more precisely: on its mounting plate 30b, cover whose section facing the pivot axis D is recognizable in figures 2 and 3 and which, for example, has an entrance provided with a threaded sleeve for a current cable (not shown) which serves to supply current to the electromotive rotary drive unit 43. In this case, the cover 51 can be configured in the form of a cover that can be seated on the support flange 30, this cover covering the entire drive unit of the dosing pusher 18, including the electromotive rotary drive unit 43, the belt mechanism 46, the threaded spindle 33 with the spindle nut 34 displaceable along it and the lever 39 fixed therein, as well as the shaft flange 38.

Claims (15)

1. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE, especially spreader and/or sowing machine, with at least one container (7; 8, 9) supported by a support frame (1) for receiving material to be distributed in the form of powder and/or particles; at least one discharge opening (16) arranged at the base (14) of the container (7; 8, 9); a metering member arranged next to the discharge opening (16) with a metering pusher (18) motor-driven and movable with respect to the discharge opening (16), as well as at least one dispensing member (3) disposed at followed by the dosing device for distributing the material to be distributed on the ground, with the dosing pusher drive (18) of the dosing device including a threaded spindle (33) fixedly supported axially and rotatably driven by means of a a driving rotary drive unit (43) with an axially fixed movement output shaft (44), a threaded spindle along which a spindle nut (34) is guided which is engaged with the threaded spindle (33), the which is in connection with the metering pusher (18) or with a lever arm (39) arranged therein to actuate the metering pusher (18) through rotation of the threaded spindle (33), characterized in that the dosing pusher (18) of the dosing member is rotatably displaceable around a pivot axis (D), which crosses the base (14) of the container (7); 8, 9) provided with the discharge opening (16), and on the side of the base (14) opposite the dosing pusher (18), a lever arm (39) non-rotatingly connected with its pivot axis (D ) is in connection with the spindle nut (34). 2. DISTRIBUTOR MACHINE according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded spindle (33) is rotatably driven by means of an electromotive rotary drive unit (43), especially in the form of a servomotor. 3. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the threaded spindle (33) - is formed by the movement output shaft (44) of the driving rotary drive unit (43) or is connected with it non-rotationally, especially removable; or - is in connection with the movement output shaft (44) of the driving rotary drive unit (43) by means of a belt mechanism (46), especially in the form of a toothed belt mechanism, or by means of wheels meshing teeth. 4. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the movement output shaft (44) of the driving rotary drive unit (43) is arranged, essentially, parallel to the threaded spindle (33 ). 5. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the dosing pusher (18) of the dosing member is rotatably displaceable - around the pivot axis (D) arranged especially perpendicularly, essentially , to the discharge opening (16); and/or - around the pivot axis (D) essentially perpendicular to the axial direction of the threaded spindle (33); and/or - disposed at a radial distance from the threaded spindle (33). 6. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spindle nut (34) is guided along the threaded spindle (33) by means of a nut with grooves (35), in the to which it is attached with resistance to rotation, in which the spindle nut (34) or the slotted nut (35) has at least one specially removable drag element (41) which extends essentially perpendicularly to the direction axis of the threaded spindle (33), the drag element of which engages with a longitudinal hole (40) of the metering pusher (18) or of the lever arm (39) arranged therein. 7. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the threaded spindle (33), especially together with its driving rotary drive unit (43), is arranged on the side of the discharge opening ( 16, 17) opposite the dosing pusher (18) of the dosing member. 8. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the threaded spindle (33), especially together with its driving rotary drive unit (43), is arranged - especially in a removable way, in the base (14) of the container (7; 8, 9) provided with the discharge opening (16) or - on a support flange (30) fixed therein, especially in a removable way. 9. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the dosing pusher (18) and/or the lever arm (39) that connects it with the spindle nut (34) is removablely connected with the pivot shaft (D) of the dosing pusher (18). 10. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lever arm (39) that connects the dosing pusher (18) of the dosing member with the spindle nut (34) is displaceable between the base (14) of the container (7; 8, 9) provided with the discharge opening (16) or between the support flange (30) fixed therein and the driving rotary drive unit (43) of the threaded spindle (33) , especially essentially parallel to the plane of the base (14) or the support flange (30). 11. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the driving rotary drive unit (43) is housed in a box (47), and the box (47), in particular, - is substantially dust- and liquid-tight and/or - the axially fixed moving output shaft (44) of the motor rotary drive unit (43) is sealed to the housing, in particular by means of at least an annular sliding seal. 12. DISTRIBUTOR MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the driving rotary drive unit (43) has at least one gear, especially in the form of a coupling gear, coaxial gear, angular gear and /or planetary gear. 13. DISTRIBUTOR MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the movement output shaft (44) of the motive rotary drive unit (43) or at least one other shaft of the rotary drive unit motor drive (43) or a gear thereof, a position detection sensor is allocated, especially in the form of an angle sensor and/or a sensor of the number of rotations, which is in connection with a control device and /or adjustment of the dispensing machine. 14. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the spindle nut (34) displaceable along the threaded spindle (33) is allocated a position detection sensor, especially in the form of a sliding contact or a friction contact that is arranged on a wall (36), extended parallel to the threaded spindle (33), and that cooperates with the spindle nut (34), this contact being in connection with a control device and /or adjustment of the dispensing machine. 15. DISTRIBUTION MACHINE according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the dosing pusher (18) is attached, in a particularly removable way, to a crank (48), essentially in the form of an operating lever (49) which extends from it, so that the dosing pusher (18) can be activated manually.