BR112012007380B1 - cold cover system - Google Patents

Abstract

cold cover system a cold cover system (10, 50) includes calcined and highly reflective kaolin particles (20, 62) having a solar reflectance of 80% to 92%. when applied to a covering substrate (54), highly reflective kaolin particles (20, 62) produce a covering system having a solar reflectance greater than or equal to 70%.

Description

COLD COVERING SYSTEM

CROSS REFERENCE WITH RELATED APPLICATION [001] This application claims the benefit under 35 USC§119 of US Conditional Application No. 61 / 248,285, filed on October 2, 2009, entitled Highly reflective coverage system, which is incorporated here by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD [002] The present invention concerns cold roof systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cold coating system including highly reflective particles that can be applied to a substrate to increase the solar reflectance of a coating system equal to or greater than 70%.

FUNDAMENTALS [003] Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations (“Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations'”) and similar requirements from other agencies, requires that a solar reflectance of commercial roofing materials be at least 70%. Many common roofing materials, such as asphalt and modified bitumen, are black in color and have very low solar reflectance. Most of these black roofing materials use mineral granules on the surface to reduce wear and add fire resistance. Most current asphalt coating granules and other dark colored roofing materials are made of crushed rock, such as feldspar, which are coated with a ceramic coating to make them white, although they achieve acceptable solar reflectance. However, despite these efforts, the granules that are commercially available today are not clear enough to increase the solar reflectance of black materials to meet the 70% standard.

SUMMARY

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 6/67 / 18 [004] In some embodiments, the present invention is a cold roofing system that includes at least one layer of asphalt and at least one granular layer that includes a plurality of highly reflective calcined kaolin particles having a reflectance ranging from about 80% to about 92% adhered to the asphalt layer. The cold roofing system has a minimum solar reflectance of 70% and more particularly, a solar reflectance ranging from about 70% to about 82%.

[005] According to several other embodiments, the present invention is a cold covering system that includes a covering substrate, at least one layer of spray polyurethane foam applied to the covering substrate such that it has a thickness ranging from about an inch (2.45 cm) to about three inches (7.62 cm), an elastomeric coating layer applied to and adhered to the spray polyurethane foam layer and a plurality of calcined kaolin particles highly reflective white having a reflectance ranging from about 80% to about 92% adhered to an elastomeric coating layer. The cold roofing system has a minimum solar reflectance of 70% and more particularly, a solar reflectance ranging from about 70% to about 82%, while multiple embodiments are disclosed, as well as other embodiments of the present invention. they will become apparent to those skilled in the art of the following detailed description, which shows and describes the illustrative embodiments of the invention. Consequently, drawings and detailed descriptions are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [006] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cold cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[007] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cold cover system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 7/67 / 18 [008] Various materials have been investigated that can be used to manufacture a granule or covering particle that when applied to a covering substrate can achieve a highly reflective covering surface. These various materials include white quartz, tabular alumina, ceramic sand and calcined clay from a variety of global sources. When applied to a black cover substrate, none of these materials were found to meet a desired 70% solar reflectance standard. White quartz, for example, has lost the opacity necessary to provide sufficient protection to the substrate covering the sun's ultraviolet rays. Tabular alumina has been extensively tested for reflectivity and other properties, but the results have not been satisfactory. The calcined clay from a variety of sources has been investigated and has been found not to produce high enough solar reflectance when applied to a cover substrate. The ceramic sand that is made from pieces of white porcelain and crushed into particles of the desired size has also been tested. Like the other materials that were investigated, ceramic sand, when applied to an asphalt covering substrate, also failed to satisfy 70% of the solar reflectance pattern.

[009] The materials and covering systems containing reflective particles and the processes for their manufacture are, in general, shown and described in US Patent 7,291,358 and US Published Order No. 2004/0017938, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0010] A cold roofing system according to the various embodiments of the present invention includes highly reflective calcined kaolin particles that produce a roofing system having a minimum solar reflectance of 70%. Calcined kaolin is known and referred to as kaolin chamotte, aluminum silicate, calcined clay, calcined porcelain clay, mullite and calcined flint clay. There are many

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 8/67 / 18 different sources of calcined kaolin observed around the world. Most calcined kaolin from sources of a variety and locations is yellowish white, brown or light green in color. However, there are some unique sources in the world where there are kaolin deposits that produce extremely shiny and highly reflective white calcined kaolin. These unique sources are found in China and Central / Eastern Europe.

[0011] Kaolin mined in China and Central / Eastern Europe is calcined at temperatures between 1100 ° C and 1600 ° C to improve the whiteness and hardness of the kaolin clay material. This unique kaolin clay is crushed and crushed into grains having an approximate size ranging from 0.3 mm to 2.4 mm and its solar reflectance determined. The solar reflectance of these unique kaolin clay particles varies from 80% to 92%. When applied to a black cover substrate at the rate normally used for cover materials for cover materials, the resulting reflectance was between 70% and 82%.

[0012] An example of highly reflective calcined kaolin that is suitable for use in the various embodiments of the present invention is Kaolinchamotte AS 45 obtained from Amberger Kaolinwerke located in Hirschau and Schnaittenbach, Germany.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a cold cover system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cold roofing system 10 includes at least one layer of asphalt 12, such as a layer of bitumen or modified bitumen. Bitumen or modified bitumen from one or more asphalt layers 14 and one or more layers of reinforcement material 16, such as, for example, polyester or fiberglass.

[0014] The upper asphalt layer 12 includes at least one granular layer 18 which includes a plurality of highly reflective calcined kaolin particles 20 adhered to or embedded within an upper surface of the asphalt layer 12. According to various embodiments ,

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 9/67 / 18 the highly reflective calcined kaolin particles have a solar reflectance ranging from about 80% to about 92% such that when applied to the reinforced asphalt layer 12 resulting in a roofing system having a minimum solar reflectance of 70% and more particularly, a solar reflectance ranging from about 70% to about 82%. The particles 20 are bright white in color and have a size ranging from about 0.3 mm to about 2.4 mm. In one embodiment, particles 62 are of substantially the same particle size distribution. For example, particles 62 have a particle size distribution that corresponds to the following: Grade: (ASTM D451)% Retained Specification

U.S. Sieve No. Nominal Aperture Minimum Maximum 8 2.36 mm 0.0 0.1 12 1.70 mm 4.0 10.0 16 1.18 mm 30.0 45.0 20 850 μm 25.0 35.0 30 600 μm 15.0 25.0 40 425 μm 2.0 9.0 > 40 > 425 μm 0.0 2.0 * Typical Range

[0015] The cold roofing system 10 that includes the asphalt layer is produced by passing a reinforcement material 16, such as fiberglass or polyester, through hot liquid asphalt, which saturates and covers the reinforcement material 16 This coated strip is then passed under a hopper which dispenses the calcined kaolin particles 20 on the upper surface of the strip coated with hot asphalt to cover substantially the entire surface. The strip is then passed on a roll or drum to level the particles 20 and compress them into the asphalt included in the reinforced asphalt layer 12. The roofing material can be supplied in the form of thin tiles or individual sheets that can then be applied to any industrial or commercial roof surface with a low or steep arc.

[0016] FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a cold cover system 50 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

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The cold cover system 50 shown in FIG. 2 includes at least one layer of spray polyurethane foam 52 applied to a covering substrate 54. The covering substrate 54 can be an exposed covering surface of a structure or blade or layers of a covering material. For example, in one embodiment, the spray polyurethane foam layer 52 can be applied directly to a roofing surface of a building. In other embodiments, the spray polyurethane foam layer 52 can be applied to a variety of surfaces including concrete, wood, gravel, asphalt, constructed roof (BUR), modified bitumen, single-ply membranes and the like. In one embodiment, the spray polyurethane foam layer 52 can be applied to another spray polyurethane foam layer. The thickness of the spray polyurethane foam layer typically ranges from about 1 inch (2.54 cm) to about 3 inches (7.62 cm).

[0017] Additionally, the cold cover system 50 described in FIG. 2 includes at least one layer of an elastomeric coating 56. Elastomeric coating 56 is applied to applied top surface 58 of the spray polyurethane foam layer 52 within 24 hours for the protection of the spraying polyurethane foam from UV light damage. . In one embodiment, the elastomeric coating 56 is applied to the upper surface of the spray polyurethane foam layer 52, such that it performs the substantial coating of the entire surface of the spray polyurethane foam layer 52. The elastomeric coating can be formed from a wide variety of elastomeric materials that include, but are not limited to acrylics, urethanes and silicones.

[0018] The cold covering system 50 also includes at least one granular layer 60. The granular layer 60 includes a plurality of highly reflective calcined kaolin particles 62, such as those

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 11/67 / 18 described above, adhered to or included within an elastomeric coating layer 56. The particles 62 are white in color and can vary in size from about 0.3 mm to about 2.4 mm. In one embodiment, the particles 62 are substantially the same size. In addition, highly reflective calcined kaolin particles have a solar reflectance ranging from about 80% to about 92% which when applied to the reinforced asphalt layer 12 results in a roofing system having a minimum solar reflectance of 70% and more particularly, which ranges from about 70% to about 82%.

[0019] In one embodiment, the cold covering system 50 is produced by applying at least one layer of spray polyurethane foam to a covering substrate such as a roof surface and then coating the foam layer. spray polyurethane with an elastomeric coating layer. While the elastomeric coating layer is still moist, the calcined kaolin granules are then applied to the coating.

[0020] In some embodiments, the calcined kaolin particles used in the covering systems, as described above, may include a coating and / or a surface treatment. The calcined kaolin particles can be coated and / or their surfaces treated for any number of reasons including dust control, to intensify and / or increase water repellency and to avoid various types of dyeing.

[0021] Various compounds can be used to coat or treat the surface of the calcined kaolin particles described above according to the various embodiments of the present invention. These compounds include, but are not limited to, the following: silanes, siloxanes, polysiloxanes, organo-siloxanes, silicates, organic silicates, silicone resins, acrylics, urethanes, polyurethanes, glycol ethers and mineral oil. Table 1 provides a list of commercially available coatings and surface treatments

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 12/67 / 18 specimens are available and their general descriptions can be used to coat or treat the surface of calcined kaolin particles or other covering particles. Exemplary coatings, surface treatments and additional methods of coating and treating particles are shown and described in US Patent 7,241,500, US Patent 3,479,201, US Patent 3,255,031, and US Patent 3,208,571, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all the purposes.

Table 1

Coating / Surface Treatment description Manufacturer Brackish water resistant sealer * Deionized water, alkylalkoxysilanes, siloxanes, alcohol, ethoxylated DuPont Maximum bulletproof sealer * Deionized water, mixed fluoroalkyl salts, propylene glycol monobutyl ester DuPont Heavy Duty Sealer * Deionized water mixed fluoroalkyl salts, propylene glycol, monobutyl ester DuPont Heavy Duty Exterior Sealer * Aliphatic hydrocarbons, registered silicone resin, alkyl alkoxysilane, methanol DuPont Pro impregnator * Aliphatic hydrocarbons, butyl acetate, Fluoride acrylic copolymer, fragrance DuPont Pro Rich Color Intensifier * Aliphatic hydrocarbons, registered silicone resin, alkyl alkoxysilane, methanol, butyl acetate DuPont AcryShield® A130 Registered acrylic formulation National Coatings Corporation AcryShield® A179- X628 Registered acrylic formulation National Coatings Corporation QW77 Urethane Henkel Corporation Water-based polyurethanes Polyurethane Minwax Corporation Sitren® 595 Polydimethylsiloxane Emulsion Evonik Corporation Sitren® 270 Aqueous emulsion based on reactive organo-siloxanes Evonik Corporation SILRES® BS1011A Water-dilutable solvent-free emulsion based on a Mixture of silane and siloxane Wacker Chemie AG SILRES® BS3003 Water-dilutable solvent-free emulsion based on a Wacker Chemie AG

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Mixture of silane and siloxane Tego XP 5000 Silicone resin emulsion Evonik Goldschmidt Corporation Kynar RC-10, 147 Acrylic copolymer, vinylidine fluoride copolymer Arkema Inc. RHOPLEX ™ EC 2540 100% acrylic polymer The Dow Chemical Company Sycoat 235 Acrylic copolymer emulsion Saiden Technologies

* marketed under the brand StoneTech® Professional [0022] To maintain high solar reflectance of calcined kaolin particles, the coating and / or surface treatment must be applied as calcined kaolin particles such that coatings and / or surface treatment are significantly reduce the reflectance of calcined kaolin particles. For example, many of the coatings and / or surface treatments are sealants or, otherwise, clear coatings that do not adversely affect the total solar reflectance of the calcined kaolin particles. In one embodiment, the calcined kaolin particles are treated with an emulsion of silanes and siloxanes with no added solvents. In another embodiment, the calcined kaolin particles are treated with SILRES BS3003.

[0023] The treatment of surfaces and / or coatings can be applied to calcined kaolin particles using a variety of methods and processes known to those skilled in the art. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, after the raw material is crushed and sized to the preferred screen size and packaged, the particles can be treated by adding the particles to an aqueous solution by fully saturating the particles with the treatment and then immediate drying of the particles to expel excess moisture at a temperature not exceeding 600 ° F (315.56 ° C). In another exemplary embodiment, after the raw material is crushed and sized to the preferred screen size and packaged, the particles can be post-treated by spraying the particles with an aqueous solution and then immediately drying the particles to expel excess moisture in a

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 14/67 / 18 temperature that does not exceed 600 ° F (315.56 ° C). In yet another exemplary embodiment, after the raw material is crushed and sized according to the preferred screen size, the particles can be treated by spraying the particles with an aqueous solution and then drying them in an oven to expel the particles immediately. excess moisture at a temperature that does not exceed 600 ° F (315.56 ° C) after which they can be packaged. Yet another embodiment of coating and / or surface treatment of calcined kaolin particles, after the raw material is crushed and sized according to the preferred screen size, the particles are treated by spraying with an aqueous solution followed by aeration particles to expel excess moisture after which the particles can be packed. Coatings and / or surface treatments can be applied when released (for example, off the shelf) or from aqueous dilutions. The dilution rate can vary from 1: 5 to 1: 200. Dilutions can be prepared from demineralized water.

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1

Preparation of treated granule [0024] The method of preparing the sample for laboratory testing are as follows. A smaller glass or plastic container was placed on a digital scale and the scale zeroed. Approximately 1 oz. (approximately 29.5 ml or 35 grams) of the treatment solution to be tested was placed in the container. The scale was then reset to zero. 100 grams of the calcined kaolin cover granules were added to the container. The container was then closed with a lid. The container containing the calcined kaolin cover granules and the treatment solution was vigorously stirred to ensure complete coverage of the granules by treatment. Then, the treated granules were removed and

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 15/67 / 18 eventually expanded into a foil tray. The tray containing the treated granules was placed in an oven preheated to 80 ° C and the treated granules were dried overnight. The treated granules were removed from the oven and cooled for several hours. The purpose of cooling the treated granules was to ensure that the granules return to an environment or equalized humidity as these must be observed before the product is produced.

[0025] A brief description of each of the different granules and treatments appears in Table 2 below.

Table 2

description Manufacturer Bead # 1 calcined kaolin particle WA-14 having a reflectivity ranging from 70 to 92%. Sedlecky Kaolin (Boiicany, Czech Republic) Granule # 2 calcined kaolin particle WA-11 having a reflectivity ranging from 70 to 92%. AKW (Hirschau, Germany) Treatment # 1 SITREN 595 Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany) Treatment # 2 TEGO XP 5000 Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany) Treatment # 3 SILRES BS1001A Wacker Chemie AG (Munich, Germany) Treatment # 4 SILRES BS3003 Wacker Chemie AG (Munich, Germany)

EXAMPLE 2

Reflectivity [0026] The reflectivity of each of the treated samples was measured using a D&S reflectometer, Model SSR-ER Version 6 (Devices and Services Company, Dallas, Texas). To perform the measurement using the reflectometer, approximately 100 g of the treated sample was placed on a sample receiving disc. The sample was uniformized so that the sample surface on the disk was roughly leveled. The reflectometer was circulated through each measurement cycle 1 to 2 times for each measurement location. a

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 16/67 / 18 a total of five measurement locations was used. The measurement locations represent the four points on a compass (north, south, east and west), with the fifth measurement taken in the center of a sample disc. The reflectivity readings at each of the measurement locations were measured together to obtain an average reflectivity for each individual treated sample. The average reflectivities of each of the treated samples are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3

Sample Reflectivity Granule # 1, Treatment # 1 82.3% Granule # 1, Treatment # 2 82.5% Granule # 1, Treatment # 3 82.5% Granule # 1, Treatment # 4 82.4% Granule # 1, untreated 83.9% Granule # 2, Treatment # 1 82.5% Granule # 2, Treatment # 2 83.2% Granule # 2, Treatment # 3 83.4% Granule # 2, Treatment # 4 83.7% Granule # 2, untreated 83.7%

EXAMPLE 3

Water repellency test [0027] Water repellency is a quality control test frequently used in the coating granule industry. It is important to have hydrophobic cover granules because hydrophilic granules can exhibit difficulty being adhered to an asphalt based substrate. When the cover granules are applied to an asphalt based substrate, the water can then be sprayed onto the hot asphalt to cool the heated substrate. If the cover granules are hydrophilic, water may be present between the granules and the substrate, thus preventing adherence to the substrate based on asphalt.

[0028] Each of the granules used in the water repellency test was treated with a solution according to the method described above such that the weight of the treatment solution 9 to the weight of the granules was 2% by weight. Products treated with SILRES BS3003 were tested using a dilution

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 17/67 / 18 of 0.67%. The 0.67% dilution was prepared by weighing 45 g of deionized water in a container and in the same container, weighing 2.50 g of SILRES BS3003. The mixture was gently swirled to form a diluted emulsion. The diluted SILRES BS3003 was then applied to the granules. A brief description of each of the samples is provided in Table 4 below.

Table 4

Sample Coating and / or treatment Granule The SITREN 595 WA-11 B TEGO XP 5000 WA-11 ç SYCOAT 235 WA-11 d SILRES BS 1001A WA-11 and ACRYSHIELD A130 WA-11 f ACRYSHIELD A179- X628 WA-11 g EC 2540 WA-11 H KYNAR R-10 147 WA-11 i SITREN 595 WA-14 ^j TEGO XP 5000 WA-14 k SILRES BS1001A WA-14 l SILRES BS3003 WA-14 m SILRES BS3003 WA-11

[0029] WA-11 is a calcined kaolin granule supplied by AKW from

Hirschgau, Germany. The reflectivity of WA-11 which ranges from about 80% to 92%. WA-14 is a calcined kaolin particle supplied by Sedlecky Kaolin of Boiicany, Czech Republic. The reflectivity of WA-14 which ranges from about 80% to 92%.

[0030] Water repellency was measured by placing three drops of distilled water from the eye dripper in a pile of 25 grams of treated cover granules. The drops were placed in a depression that was made in the center of the granule pile. The three drops of distilled water form a pearl in the depression. A measurement was made as to the amount of time it takes for the pearl to break and sink through the beads. Longer periods indicate better hydrophobicity. The repellency test

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 18/67 / 18 of water results for each of the treated samples that are presented in table 5 below.

Table 5

Sample Time to water absorption The > 120 min B > 120 min ç <1 min d > 120 min and <1 min f <45 min g <10 min H <1 min i > 120 min j > 120 min k > 120 min l > 120 min m > 120 min

[0031] Samples treated with SITREN 595, TEGO XP 5000 and SILRES BS 1001A show more favorable water repellency test results. The sample treated with SILRES BS3003 produced superior results.

EXAMPLE 4

4-day dye test [0032] The 4-day dye test is another quality control test often used in the coating granule industry. The 4-day dye test is an accelerated measurement of the tendency of the cover granules to absorb asphalt oils and is an asphalt-based substrate. Each of the granules used in the 4-day dyeing test was treated with a solution according to the above method such that the weight of the solution to the weight of the granules was 2% by weight. A brief description of each of the different granules, treatments and types of asphalt used to create each of the used samples evaluated using the 4-day dye test is provided in Table 6 below.

Table 6

description Manufacturer

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Bead # 1 kaolin particle calcined by WA-14 having a kaolin reflectivity ranging from about 80 to 92%. Sedlecky (Boiicany, Czech Republic) Granule # 2 kaolin particle calcined by WA-11 having a reflectivity ranging from about 80 to 92%. AKW (Hirschau, Germany) Asphalt # 1 Asphalt type AC-7 having low melting point Marathon Petroleum Company LLC (Findlay OH) Asphalt # 2 Covering asphalt type III. This type of asphalt is typically used in the type of roof formed by hot mop. United Asphalts (Commerce City, CO) Treatment # 1 SITREN 595 Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany) Treatment # 2 TEGO XP 5000 Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany) Treatment # 3 SILRES BS1001A Wacker Chemie AG (Munich, Germany) Treatment # 4 SILRES BS3003 Wacker Chemie AG (Munich, Germany)

[0033] The treated granules for each sample were fixed on the asphalt which were heated to about 200 ° C. The treated fixed granules were then placed on a tray in an oven at 85 ° C for 96 hours (4 days). The trays were removed from the oven and the asphalt including the fixed granules was allowed to cool to room temperature. The granules were then evaluated by dyeing using an 8X magnifier / magnifier. Dyeing values were evaluated on an approved basis and then classified according to the relative dyeing. The results of the 4-day dye test are provided in Table 7 below.

Table 7

Sample description Approved disapproved TO 1 Granule # 1, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 1 F A2 Granule # 1, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 2 P B1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 1 F B2 Granule # 2, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 2 P

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C1 Granule # 1, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 1 F C2 Granule # 1, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 2 F D1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 1 F D2 Granule # 2, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 2 P E1 Granule # 1, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 1 F E2 Granule # 1, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 2 P F1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 1 F F2 Granule # 2, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 2 P G1 Granule # 1, untreated, Asphalt # 1 F G2 Granule # 1, untreated, Asphalt # 1 F H1 Granule # 2, untreated, Asphalt # 1 F H2 Granule # 2, untreated, Asphalt # 2 F I1 Granule # 1, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 1 F I2 Granule # 1, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 2 P J1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 1 F J2 Granule # 2, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 2 P

[0034] The samples treated with SITREN 595, SILRES BS1001A and SILRES BS3003 showed the most favorable test results. In particular, the samples treated with SILRES BS3003 showed less significant dyeing.

EXAMPLE 5

Adhesion test [0035] The selection test is a practical test used in the cover granule industry to predict the adhesive characteristics of the cover granules towards the asphalt.

Preparation (evaluation) of particles [0036] The distribution of standard particle # 11 is as used in the following steps.

Asphalt preparation [0037] The asphalt is heated to about 200 ° C. The asphalt fluid is poured into an aluminum tray so that the entire surface is just coated. This requires about 5 grams of asphalt per sample.

Selection test [0038] The asphalt is heated again in a smaller heat plate at about 200 ° C until the asphalt becomes molten. About 25 grams of the granules are spread across the entire surface to the surface of the

Petition 870190037443, of 04/18/2019, p. 21/67 / 18 asphalt be coated. While the asphalt is still heated, the granules are compressed into the asphalt, as they must be in a production environment. Due to the rapid cooling that can happen the samples are placed in an 80 ° C oven for 4 days after the time they are allowed to cool completely at room temperature.

[0039] The particles are selected from the cooled asphalt. Only those particles that have been fixed are well examined. A selected particle is examined with an 8x magnifier / magnifier to estimate the amount of asphalt that has adhered to it. Granule adhesion was measured on two different elements. The first was whether the adhesion damage was due to adhesive or cohesive failure of the asphalt. The second element was a trial classified as adhesive strength, Best / Medium / Weak. The Best rating requires a joint effort to remove the granules. The Average classification should be compared to the most common granulated products marked on the adhesion of the granule. The poor rating was evidence of the little effort required to dislodge the granule. The results of the selection test are shown in Table 8.

Table 8

Treatment. 67% to 2% by weight Sample Adhesive / cohesive failure 1 = BEST, 2 = AVG, 3 = WEAK Granule # 1, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 1 TO 1 THE 3 Granule # 1, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 2 A2 Ç 1.2 Granule # 2, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 1 B1 THE 3 Granule # 2, Treatment # 1, Asphalt # 2 B2 B.C 2 Granule # 1, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 1 C1 B.C 2 Granule # 1, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 2 C2 B.C 1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 1 D1 THE 3 Granule # 2, Treatment # 2, Asphalt # 2 D2 Ç 1 Granule # 1, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 1 E1 B.C 3 Granule # 1, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 2 E2 Ç 1.2 Granule # 2, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 1 F1 Ç 1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 3, Asphalt # 2 F2 THE 3 Granule # 1, untreated, Asphalt # 1 G1 Ç 2 Granule # 1, untreated, Asphalt # 2 G2 THE 3 Granule # 2, untreated, Asphalt # 1 H1 B.C 1.2 Granule # 2, untreated, Asphalt # 2 H2 B.C 3

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Granule # 1, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 1 I1 Ç 1 Granule # 1, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 2 I2 Ç 1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 1 J1 B.C 1 Granule # 2, Treatment # 4, Asphalt # 2 J2 Ç 1

[0040] Various modifications and additions can be made in the forms of exemplary realizations and discussed without diverging from the scope of the present invention. For example, while the embodiments described above by the particular features, the scope of this invention also includes the embodiments having different combinations of the features and embodiments that do not include all of the features described above.

Claims (4)

1. Cold cover system (10) comprising: at least one layer of asphalt (12) and at least one granular layer (18) comprising a plurality of calcined and highly reflective kaolin particles (20) adhered to the asphalt layer (12), in which the cold covering system ( 10) has a minimum solar reflectance of 70% or more, characterized by the fact that the calcined kaolin particles (20) also comprise a surface treatment selected from the group consisting of silanes, siloxanes, polysiloxanes, organo-siloxanes, silicates, organic silicates , silicone resins, acrylics, urethanes, polyurethanes, glycolic ethers and mixtures thereof, and in which the calcined kaolin particles (20) have a solar reflectance ranging from 80% to 92%. 2. Cold cover system (10), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the solar reflectance of the cold cover system is between 70% and 82%. 3. Cold cover system (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the calcined kaolin particles (20) have a particle size ranging from 0.3 mm to 2.4 mm. 4. Cold cover system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment comprises a solvent-free emulsion comprising silanes and siloxanes.