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CN104010737B - 用于多组分物质的计量及混合装置的驱动装置 - Google Patents

用于多组分物质的计量及混合装置的驱动装置 Download PDF

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CN104010737B
CN104010737B CN201280063197.2A CN201280063197A CN104010737B CN 104010737 B CN104010737 B CN 104010737B CN 201280063197 A CN201280063197 A CN 201280063197A CN 104010737 B CN104010737 B CN 104010737B
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discharge
driving means
component
piston
bar
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CN104010737A (zh
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M·巴克
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Sika Technology AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like
    • B05C17/0116Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like characterised by the piston driving means
    • B05C17/0133Nut and bolt advancing mechanism, e.g. threaded piston rods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/60Devices specially adapted for pressing or mixing capping or filling materials, e.g. amalgam presses
    • A61C5/62Applicators, e.g. syringes or guns
    • A61C5/64Applicators, e.g. syringes or guns for multi-component compositions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/50Movable or transportable mixing devices or plants
    • B01F33/501Movable mixing devices, i.e. readily shifted or displaced from one place to another, e.g. portable during use
    • B01F33/5011Movable mixing devices, i.e. readily shifted or displaced from one place to another, e.g. portable during use portable during use, e.g. hand-held
    • B01F33/50112Movable mixing devices, i.e. readily shifted or displaced from one place to another, e.g. portable during use portable during use, e.g. hand-held of the syringe or cartridge type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7174Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pistons, plungers or syringes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/83Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
    • B01F35/831Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices using one or more pump or other dispensing mechanisms for feeding the flows in predetermined proportion, e.g. one of the pumps being driven by one of the flows
    • B01F35/8311Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices using one or more pump or other dispensing mechanisms for feeding the flows in predetermined proportion, e.g. one of the pumps being driven by one of the flows with means for controlling the motor driving the pumps or the other dispensing mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05C17/00523Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes provided with means to heat the material
    • B05C17/00526Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes provided with means to heat the material the material being supplied to the apparatus in a solid state, e.g. rod, and melted before application
    • B05C17/0053Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes provided with means to heat the material the material being supplied to the apparatus in a solid state, e.g. rod, and melted before application the driving means for the material being manual, mechanical or electrical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00553Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with means allowing the stock of material to consist of at least two different components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00553Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with means allowing the stock of material to consist of at least two different components
    • B05C17/00566Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with means allowing the stock of material to consist of at least two different components with a dynamic mixer in the nozzle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00576Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes characterised by the construction of a piston as pressure exerting means, or of the co-operating container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00596The liquid or other fluent material being supplied from a rigid removable cartridge having no active dispensing means, i.e. the cartridge requiring cooperation with means of the handtool to expel the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like
    • B05C17/0103Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like with electrically actuated piston or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like
    • B05C17/014Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like comprising means for preventing oozing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/19Mixing dentistry compositions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/2305Mixers of the two-component package type, i.e. where at least two components are separately stored, and are mixed in the moment of application
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like
    • B05C17/0116Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like characterised by the piston driving means

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于多组分物质的计量及混合装置(1A)的驱动装置(1B),所述计量及混合装置具有:至少两个料盒容纳装置(2、3),用于容纳可更换的料盒(2.1、3.1);排出装置,用于将各物质组分从料盒中通过伸到料盒容纳装置或料盒中的排出活塞(11、16)同时排出,其中,至少一个排出活塞(11)具有螺纹,所述螺纹可以通过旋转产生该排出活塞的向前推进;以及混合装置(7),所述混合装置与组分输出端连接、将排出的物质组分混合并且将这些物质组分混合地排出;所述驱动装置具有用于连接驱动机(9)的传动单元(8)以及用于带有螺纹的排出活塞的螺杆式排出杆(5),所述排出杆在其纵向延伸方向的后部中具有带有螺旋齿部的非自锁的螺杆部段(5b)并且在前端部具有用于嵌接到排出活塞中的嵌接元件(5a),其中,所述传动单元具有带有内螺旋齿部的从动轮(29),所述内螺旋齿部匹配于所述螺杆部段的螺旋齿部。

Description

用于多组分物质的计量及混合装置的驱动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于多组分物质、特别是多组分粘合剂的计量及混合装置的驱动装置,所述计量及混合装置具有:至少两个关联的料盒容纳装置,用于容纳可更换的具有单独的物质组分的料盒;排出装置,用于将各物质组分从料盒中通过组分输出端借助于伸到料盒容纳装置或料盒中的排出活塞同时排出,其中,至少一个排出活塞具有螺纹,所述螺纹可以通过旋转而产生该排出活塞的向前推进;以及混合装置,所述混合装置与组分输出端连接、将排出的物质组分混合并且将这些物质组分混合地排出。
背景技术
具有上述结构的计量及混合装置是本申请人的欧洲专利申请10196 972.3的主题。
由DE 3233366 A1已知一种类似的用于混合牙科印模材料的计量及混合装置。该装置包括构造成抛弃型部件的、具有基体的搅拌机,该搅拌机具有一个混合室、多个相互分开地通入混合室的用于各印模材料组分的供给通道以及用于已混合印模材料的排出口。该搅拌机还包括一个在混合室中可旋转地设置的搅拌器,该搅拌器由驱动装置驱动,该搅拌机可拆卸地保持在所述驱动装置上。各印模材料组分被包含在存储罐中并且通过活塞被推进混合室中,并且在混合后经由排出口推出到印模托盘中。借助于控制系统,活塞的伺服驱动的进给速度可以改变,从而决定印模材料凝结时间的活塞进给速度比和总进给或者说进给持续时间均可被控制,并且因此印模材料量可被控制。
现有技术还可参见EP 0 057 465 A2、WO 2011/025831 A1、US2009/039113 A1、WO 2008/076941 A1以及EP 1 279 379 A1。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种可靠且精确作业的、上述类型的用于计量及混合装置的驱动装置。
本发明包含以下考虑:在利用自切削的驱动活塞驱动计量及混合装置时,所述活塞在运行期间与驱动马达始终处于安全的力传输连接中。本发明还包含以下考虑:这借助于带有螺旋齿部的、非自锁的螺杆驱动装置实现。此外,本发明包括以下构思:设置传动单元,所述传动单元的从动轮的齿部匹配于具有螺杆部段的排出杆的齿部。此外,本发明包含以下构思:在所述排出杆的(在使用位置的)前端部上设置嵌接元件,用于嵌接到排出活塞中。通过建议的解决方案尤其实现:驱动力自动地耦合到通过旋转自动地产生向前推进的(尤其是自切削的)活塞中。这特别是并且以有利的方式只有当在借助于传统的排出活塞实现并行地排出(至少)另一组分的情况下超过预定的(反)压力阈值时才发生。因此根据许多应用情况的要求,利用自切削活塞排出的那种组分的排出当且只要不同时输送要与刚才所述的组分混合的另一组分时被阻止。另外可以在重新加载计量及混合装置时通过简单的回推(无显著阻力地并且无附加操作地)使自切削活塞的排出杆回到其初始位置中。
此处建议的驱动特别考虑到以下情况,即在所述形式的计量及混合装置中,利用(至少)一个通过旋转自动产生向前推进的排出活塞,为此无需提供显著的轴向力,而是仅须提供足够的转矩。原则上,轴向力的大小仅须使排出杆不致失去与排出活塞的接触。
鉴于前述考虑及有利的作用,如下实施方式是有利的,即,带有螺旋齿部的螺杆部段具有处于45°与65°之间的、特别是处于50°和61°之间的螺旋齿部螺旋升角。
在其他适宜的实施方式中,在排出杆的端部上的嵌接元件构造成多边形元件、梅花形或爪形元件。当然需要保证所述嵌接元件的造型对应于在排出活塞的(在使用位置中的)背侧上的相应成型部或模制部的造型,至少只要这对于传输在应用情况中所需的转矩量是必需的。对此,嵌接元件的和嵌接口的几何造型不必必须相同。在一种适宜的设计方案中,嵌接元件对应于在排出活塞上的嵌接装置自定位地构造。由此在很大程度上避免驱动的“空转”阶段和排出活塞的嵌接区域的损坏。
在成本低廉且功能有利的实施方式中,螺杆式排出杆基本由钢制成并且排出活塞的嵌接区域基本由塑料制成。但其他材料配对也是可能的,并且对于特殊应用可能是有意义的;因此螺杆也可以完全地或部分地由非铁合金、如黄铜或青铜或铝合金制成,并且即使在通常基本上由塑料制成的排出活塞中可能也可以对螺杆-嵌接元件使用由金属制成的配合件。
以类似的方式,在另一种实施方式中设定,螺杆式驱动杆基本由钢制成并且带有内齿部的从动轮基本由塑料制成。此处,例如根据上述示例的另外的材料配对也是可能的并且或许是有意义的。
在另一种有利的实施方式中设定,在所述排出杆的前部区域中、在带有螺旋齿部的螺杆部段之外设有随动的制动元件,用于在空转时也确保驱动杆的轴向运动。所建议的驱动装置所用于的计量及混合装置的特点确保:在负载下、即在排出螺杆耦合到排出活塞中的状态中提供轴向力(排出力)。但需设置附加的器件,以便在驱动装置空转时也产生轴向运动,该轴向运动最后也导致排出杆终究找到排出活塞。所述的制动元件确保这一点。
在第一种设计方案中,随动的制动元件构造成随动的塑料制动器。另一种实施方式的特征在于,随动的制动元件构造成随动的圈套式弹簧壳体。
由于在计量及混合装置的实际运行中需要确定具有螺纹的排出活塞是否正确工作、即实际上被推进并由此排出相应的组分,因此另一种实施方式在具有螺纹的排出活塞的排出杆上具有位置标记元件,用于特别是以光学的方式检测排出杆的轴向位置并由此间接地检测排出活塞的轴向位置。在一种有利地组合上述实施方式各方面的变化方案中设定,位置标记元件由随动的制动元件形成或安设在该制动元件上。
在本发明的另一种实施方式中,传动单元构造成(驱动机的)包括初级从动轮的行星齿轮传动单元。此外优选设置可切换的离合装置,所述离合装置则以有利的方式包括带有与初级从动轮处于嵌接的驱动小齿轮的耦合元件和另一耦合元件,所述另一耦合元件构造成传动单元的带有内齿部的从动轮。
以上所述的希望的将利用自切割排出活塞输出的组分的排出与(至少)另一种组分的同时排出相关联特别可靠地在本发明的另一种实施方式中实现。在这种实施方式中,传动单元被构造用于驱动具有螺纹的排出活塞和至少一个另外的经由齿杆驱动的用于另一组分的排出活塞,并且传动单元具有在排出另一组分时在反压力下轴向可移动的传动组件。在此可切换的离合装置的耦合元件沿轴向方向基本固定地相对于可移动的组件定位,使得该耦合元件在排出另一组分时在反压力下与所述组件一起移动。由此,第一耦合元件得以与另一个相对于器械壳体固定设置的耦合元件嵌接。
最后,在本发明的范围内也涉及用于多组分物质、特别是多组分粘合剂的施设器械,其具有如上所述的驱动装置、集成的电气驱动机以及用于该驱动机的蓄电池电源和操作及控制单元。
附图说明
以下借助于附图参考优选实施例详细说明本发明。其中仅示出对于理解本发明必要的特征。自然,本发明不局限于所示出的和说明的实施例。以下分别示出:
图1 根据本发明的用于两组分粘合剂的施设器械的侧视图;
图2 根据图1的施设器械的传动单元8的结构视图;
图3A和3B 用于驱动齿杆4的传动部件的实施方式的透视图;
图4 用于阐释驱动齿杆4的另一种变化方案的原理草图(以透视图的方式);
图5 根据图1的施设器械的第二排出杆5的实施方式的透视图;
图6 根据图1的施设器械的传动单元8的实施方式的剖视图;
图7A和7B 根据图5的第二排出杆的细节的原理草图(以透视图的方式);
图8 配设给根据图1的施设器械的驱动装置1B的传感机构的实施方式的框图,以及
图9A和9B 用于阐释驱动控制系统的控制流程的两种实施方式的马达电流-时间图表。
具体实施方式
图1(以示意图)示出一种根据本发明的施设器械1的侧视图,其中作为主要部件分开地标出计量及混合装置1A和配设的驱动装置1B、以及最后的器械主体1C。
计量及混合装置1A包括示例性示出的两个直径不同的且长度不同的料盒容纳装置2和3,用于软管包2.1和硬质料盒3.1。较大的料盒容纳装置2借助于可轴向移动的第一驱动活塞(“线性活塞”)16操纵,所述第一驱动活塞与第一驱动杆(齿杆)4连接并且通过该第一驱动杆被推进到料盒容纳装置2中。具有明显较小直径的并且此外明显短于料盒容纳装置2的料盒容纳装置3根据本发明通过第二驱动活塞(“旋转活塞”)操纵,该第二驱动活塞在外侧具有螺纹,该螺纹压入到料盒容纳装置3的内壁中或压入到装入料盒容纳装置3中的料盒3.1中并且通过其旋转产生推进。
驱动单元1B包括传动单元8,所述传动单元在具有一个唯一的驱动输入侧的同时具有三个不同的驱动输出侧。这些驱动输出侧一方面是一个用于线性推进的齿杆4的输出端,另一方面是一个用于第二排出杆5的输出端,并且最后是一个用于同样旋转式的驱动轴10的输出端,所述驱动轴驱动旋转混合器7。两个料盒容纳装置2和3在输出侧与料盒耦合部6连接,通过所述料盒耦合部,处于料盒容纳部中2和3中的材料也由组分输出端输送给同样与料盒耦合部6连接的旋转混合器7。这样的旋转混合器的构造方式是已知的。该旋转混合器具有安装在前部的排出尖部7a,通过所述排出尖部,混合的材料最终被排出。
在此处示出的计量及混合装置1实施方式中,传动单元8借助电动马达9驱动。在该传动单元中还设有微型开关12,该微型开关的功能在下文中进一步说明。器械主体1C基本上包括具有可手动操纵的通/断开关13a的操纵单元13、运行控制单元14和蓄电池组15。
图2更详细地示出传动单元8的一种实施方式的结构;对此还可参考图6和下文中的实施方式。要注意的是,图2和其他附图的视图方式就此而言与图1中的视图方式有所不同,因为在图2中配设给齿杆4的传动部件在下方,并且配设给第二排出杆5的部件在上方。
传动单元8包括相对于施设器械的器械壳体17的壁部位置固定的第一组件18和在器械壳体中被可移动地支承的第二组件19。这两个传动组件18和19通过(在此象征性示出的)反压力弹簧20弹性地相对彼此夹紧,并且可移动的组件19相对于器械壳体17通过另一弹簧元件21弹性地支撑,所述另一弹簧元件又称为压力弹簧元件。第一组件18包括与驱动马达的(未示出的)驱动小齿轮嵌接的行星齿轮传动装置22,以及用于驱动螺杆式第二排出杆(此处亦未示出)的从动装置23和用于第一排出杆(齿杆)的和混合器的驱动轴的从动轮,所述从动轮在此亦未单独标出或示出。
在用于第二排出杆的从动装置上设置有可切换的离合器(爪形离合器)24,该离合器包括相对于第一组件28位置固定的第一耦合元件24a和相对于第二组件19位置固定的第二耦合元件24b。设置在第二组件19中的、用于驱动第一排出杆(齿杆)的传动部件25在下文中进一步说明。
微型开关12固定地安设在第一组件18上,所述微型开关在结构上设计和定位成使得其在第二组件19的预定移动位置被操纵。
具有前述弹簧支撑部和微型开关的传动单元8的两件式结构的功能简单说明如下:
在施设器械被切断的状态中,传动单元8的第二组件19通过反压力弹簧20的力相对于第一组件18移动,使得可切换的离合器24的第一和第二耦合元件24a、24b脱离嵌接并且第二组件也不接触微型开关12。第二组件19的精确静止位置通过恰当地选择彼此协作的反压力弹簧20和压力弹簧21而设定,当器械开动时第二组件的支承的响应特性同样如此。
在开动时,驱动力从驱动马达经由行星齿轮传动装置22和传动部件25到达齿杆4并且使该齿杆沿计量及混合装置的排出方向移动(在图1和图2中向左)。一旦第一排出活塞16碰到已填充的料盒2.1的朝向该第一排出活塞的端部,则由于其中含有的材料组分的粘性而产生反应压力,所述反应压力经由齿杆4到达该齿杆的驱动小齿轮上(参见图3A)并且经由所述驱动小齿轮的轴承传输到第二组件19上。所述反应压力使第二组件19克服反压力弹簧20的弹簧力而相对于第一组件18移动。一旦达到确定的移动量,耦合元件24a、24b嵌接,并且驱动马达的力线现在也到达螺杆式第二排出杆5,由此使所述第二排出杆旋转并且驱动自切削活塞。同时,微型开关12通过第二组件19的移动被操纵;对与此过程相关的功能见下文。
通过所述结构和由此产生的流程确保:只有当多组分系统的在料盒2.1中包含的组分A也被排出时才排出在料盒3.1中包含的组分B。这也适用于如下情况,即,已经部分排空的料盒在时刻1以组分A装入器械中并且该运行在齿杆4被完全拉回的初始位置开始。因而该齿杆一直在空转时向前运行,并且第二传动组件19保留在相对于第一组件18移动的初始状态中,直到第一排出活塞16碰到仅部分填充的料盒的端部。在该时刻才在那里产生反应力,该反应力将第二组件19压向第一组件18,由此可切换的离合器24接合,驱动力也由此被导入第二排出杆(螺杆)5中。在这种应用情况中组分B因而也在正确的时刻才排出。
图3A和3B示出作为用于驱动第一排出杆(齿杆)4的传动部件的实施方式的可耦合的蜗杆传动器25的耦合状态(图3A)或脱耦状态(图3B)。所述蜗杆传动器包括具有齿轴的蜗杆25a,所述齿轴被支承在轴向轴承25b中并且经由行星齿轮传动装置的(此处未示出的)从动轮驱动。通过蜗杆25a,两个蜗杆轮25c与螺旋齿部嵌接,所述蜗杆轮分别配设有爪形离合器25d。所述离合器25d的可脱离的耦合元件分别固定地连接一个带有直齿部的驱动小齿轮25e,所述驱动小齿轮在离合器25d接合的状态中与蜗杆轮25c随动运行并且将驱动力传递给与它嵌接的、此处未示出的齿杆(图1中的附图标记4)。在图3B中的脱耦的状态中,小齿轮25e相反基本上自由地旋转,从而在各小齿轮之间支承的且与所述小齿轮嵌接的齿杆可以实际上无阻力地轴向移动。这能够实现轻易地拉回以便用已填充的料盒2.1(图1)重新加载施设器械。
为此图4示出一种备选的实现方式,而且采用了图1中的标记方法。齿杆4在此经由圆柱齿轮26和两个蜗杆27驱动,所述蜗杆在滑杆导向件28中被可转动地支承。通过借助于未示出的操纵杆使蜗杆27转动,所述蜗杆与齿杆4的嵌接可以撤销,由此又能够实现齿杆几乎无阻力地拉回。在该传动件的结构的其他变形中也可以设定,齿杆4经由两个直接在其侧面嵌接的小齿轮驱动,所述小齿轮的旋转轴线垂直于齿杆的纵向延伸方向。这种驱动概念是技术人员所熟悉的,因此在此不更详细示出或说明。
图5以透视图示出作为实施例的第二排出杆5。该第二排出杆在其一端上(在图中是左端)具有在此构造成多边形的嵌接元件5a,用于嵌接到在排出活塞11(图1)上的对应成形的嵌接装置中,所述排出活塞相对于排出杆构成一个单独的零件并且可以例如配设给料盒3.1并且可以由该料盒提供。排出杆5的相对置的端部部段5b具有大螺旋升角的螺旋齿部,所述螺旋升角产生非自锁的特性。在该端部部段5b中,螺杆式排出杆与传动装置的带有与部段5b外螺纹对应的内齿部的驱动轮29嵌接,该驱动轮与以上说明的、在图2中示出的可切换的离合器24的第二耦合元件24b固定连接或一体式成形。
排出杆或螺杆5支承在轴承部位30上。在具有嵌接元件5a的端部和带有螺旋齿部的端部部段5b之间,该排出杆或螺杆构造成圆柱形的轴并且在该区域内承载随动的制动元件31,用于产生最小制动转矩(在0.5到1.0牛米的范围内),所述最小制动转矩在空转时(也就是说在排出杆与相配设的排出活塞的嵌接松脱的状态中)也产生轴向进给。制动元件31还可以用作位置标记器,用于在操作者视野内或相对于光学检测装置标记排出杆的轴向位置,或者承载这样的标记元件。由此可以检测第二排出杆(以及第一排出杆)是否向前运动,即正确地排出组分B。(例如由于在排出杆和单独的排出活塞之间没有正确的嵌接而引起的)故障可以由此毫无困难地被识别到,并且有缺陷的粘合部位的出现被阻止。
图6以剖视图再次示出具有已装入的排出杆4和5的传动单元8的主要部件,以便示出其位置排布。对于用于驱动第一排出杆4的蜗杆25',该结构相对于在图2以及图3A和3B中简要示出的传动部件25稍作修改;但这对于理解驱动装置的结构方面并不重要的。
图7A和7B一方面更详细地示出已在图5中示出的制动元件31,该制动元件在此设计成随动的圈套式弹簧壳体,并且圈套式弹簧31a也可见。图7B示出制动元件的作为随动的塑料制动器31'的实施方式。两种制动元件结构均为技术人员已知并且因而在此不作进一步说明。
图8借助于框图示意性地示出所建议的驱动装置的传感机构和与其相连的控制技术的结构。所述传感机构除了已经提到的微型开关12以外还包括自然主要用作操作元件的通/断开关(“触发器”)13a和/或——附加于上述通/断开关或在所述通/断开关的传感式的替代物中的——电流检测装置32,用于检测驱动马达9的马达电流,所述驱动马达经由马达控制器33提供马达电流。驱动控制单元14包括传感器信号处理级14a、延迟单元14b和控制信号输出级14c。
经由植入在传感器信号处理单元14a中的处理算法,微型开关12的、最终包含关于组分A排出的信息的信号以适当的关联转变成来自通/断开关13a或来自电流检测单元32的并且最终包含马达运行状态的信息的数据。处理结果在延迟单元14b中还进行合适的在时间上的分析(同样基于所存储的算法),并且由此通过控制信号输出单元14c在施设器械的所有运行情况中输出合适的马达控制信号.
图9A和9B借助于马达电流-时间图表示出示例性的时间流程,其分别在时刻A在检测到的马达电流I由于通/断开关13a的接通操作而升高时开始。在图9A中的时刻B,缓慢地释放通/断开关;电流检测单元32在时刻C检测到马达电流值为0,然后在短暂的阶段D期间传感器信号处理单元14a检查马达电流值是否仍为0,以确定是否有意或无意地释放通/断开关。若为第一种情况,可以随后在时刻E这样处理仍按下的微型开关12的信号,即控制信号输出单元14c最终输出使马达9反转的信号。
图9B示出一种类似的控制流程的备选的实现方式。在此考虑,在传感器信号处理单元14a中在时刻B(释放通/断开关)之前在阶段AB*中检测并存储马达电流值并且将其与在时刻C测得的电流值进行比较。在此,处理单元借助于比较结果在通/断开关被故意释放时识别,并且在微型开关12具有相应的信号时在实际相同的时刻开始使马达反转。
通过在这两种变化方案中描述的措施,在触发器被无意间或仅极短时间释放时出现的不必要的马达反转得以避免,但同时基于有意地结束排出过程而引起的有意义的反转得以进行,利用该有意义的反转阻止“过度”排出多组分物质、特别是组分A(其即使在简单地关闭马达时仍受排出压力)。同时,通过(少量的)反转并且通过结束来自组分A的反应力的作用实现第二传动组件19移回到其与第一组件18最大间隔开的初始位置,由此松脱离合器24并且断开微型开关12。这是施设器械的一种合适的断开和非使用状态。
本发明的实施方式并不局限于所述示例,而是也可能在本领域处理范围内存在多种变化。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于多组分物质的计量及混合装置(1A)的驱动装置(1B),所述计量及混合装置具有:至少两个料盒容纳装置(2、3),用于容纳可更换的具有单独的物质组分的料盒(2.1、3.1);排出装置,用于将各物质组分从料盒中通过组分输出端借助于伸到料盒容纳装置或料盒中的排出活塞(11、16)同时排出,其中,至少一个排出活塞(11)具有螺纹,所述螺纹能够通过旋转产生该排出活塞的向前推进;以及混合装置(17),所述混合装置与组分输出端连接、将排出的各物质组分混合并且将这些物质组分混合地排出;
其特征在于,所述驱动装置具有:传动单元(8),用于连接驱动机(9);以及用于带有螺纹的排出活塞的螺杆式排出杆(5),所述排出杆在相对于使用位置处于其纵向延伸方向的后部中具有带有螺旋齿部的非自锁的螺杆部段(5b)并且在前端部具有用于嵌接到排出活塞中的嵌接元件(5a),其中,所述传动单元具有带有内螺旋齿部的从动轮(29),所述内螺旋齿部匹配于所述螺杆部段的螺旋齿部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置,其中,所述多组分物质是多组分粘合剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置,其中,所述驱动机(9)是电气式的驱动机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置,其中,带有螺旋齿部的螺杆部段(5b)具有处于45°与65°之间的螺旋齿部螺旋升角。
5.根据权利要求4所述的驱动装置,其中,带有螺旋齿部的螺杆部段(5b)具有处于50°和61°之间的螺旋齿部螺旋升角。
6.根据权利要求1至5之任一项所述的驱动装置,其中,所述螺杆式排出杆(5)由钢制成,并且带有内螺旋齿部的从动轮(29)由塑料制成。
7.根据权利要求1至5之任一项所述的驱动装置,其中,在所述排出杆(5)的前部区域中、在带有螺旋齿部的螺杆部段(5b)之外设有随动的制动元件(31),用于在空转时也确保排出杆的轴向运动。
8.根据权利要求7所述的驱动装置,其中,所述随动的制动元件(31)构造成随动的塑料制动器(31')。
9.根据权利要求7所述的驱动装置,其中,所述随动的制动元件(31)构造成随动的圈套式弹簧壳体。
10.根据权利要求1至5之任一项所述的驱动装置,其中,在所述螺杆式排出杆(5)上设有位置标记元件,用于检测排出杆的轴向位置并由此间接地检测与该排出杆处于嵌接的排出活塞(11)的轴向位置。
11.根据权利要求10所述的驱动装置,其中,所述位置标记元件用于以光学的方式检测排出杆的轴向位置并由此间接地检测与该排出杆处于嵌接的排出活塞(11)的轴向位置。
12.根据权利要求7所述的驱动装置,其中,在所述螺杆式排出杆(5)上设有位置标记元件,用于检测排出杆的轴向位置并由此间接地检测与该排出杆处于嵌接的排出活塞(11)的轴向位置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的驱动装置,其中,所述位置标记元件由所述随动的制动元件(31)形成或安设在该制动元件上。
14.根据权利要求1至5之任一项所述的驱动装置,其中,在所述排出杆(5)的端部上的嵌接元件(5a)构造成多边形元件、梅花形或爪形元件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的驱动装置,其中,所述嵌接元件(5a)对应于在排出活塞上的嵌接装置被自定位地构造。
16.根据权利要求1至5之任一项所述的驱动装置,其中,所述传动单元(8)包括用于驱动机的带有初级从动轮(23)的行星齿轮传动单元(22),并且可切换的离合装置(24)包括第一耦合元件(24a)和第二耦合元件(24b),所述第一耦合元件具有与初级从动轮处于嵌接的驱动小齿轮,所述第二耦合元件构造成传动单元的带有内螺旋齿部的从动轮(29)。
17.根据权利要求16所述的驱动装置,其中,所述可切换的离合装置(24)构造成爪形离合器。
18.根据权利要求16所述的驱动装置,其中,所述传动单元(8)被构造用于驱动具有螺纹的排出活塞(11)和至少一个另外的经由齿杆(4)驱动的用于另一组分的排出活塞(16),并且所述传动单元具有在排出另一组分时在反应压力下轴向可移动的组件(19),并且所述可切换的离合装置(24)的第二耦合元件(24b)沿轴向方向固定地相对于所述可移动的组件定位,使得所述第二耦合元件在排出另一组分时在反应压力下与组件一起移动并且由此与第一耦合元件(24a)嵌接。
19.一种用于多组分物质的施设器械(1),具有根据权利要求1至18之任一项所述的驱动装置(1B)、集成的电气驱动机(9)以及用于该驱动机的蓄电池电源(15)和操作及控制单元(13、14)。
20.根据权利要求19所述的施设器械,其中,所述多组分物质是多组分粘合剂。
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