CN104204429A - Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electro-hydraulic valve actuator having a cylinder and a reciprocating cam, comprising: a valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder (2) that opens a valve of an internal combustion engine (100) with a valve-opening electromagnetic valve (4), a high-pressure valve-opening conduit (11), and a high-pressure lead-in oil passage (5), that closes the valve with a valve-closing electromagnetic valve (6), a high-pressure valve-closing conduit (12), and a high-pressure lead-out oil passage (7); and a hydraulic positive displacement pump (8) cooperating with the pump inlet check valve (14) and the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve (13), the outlet of which is connected to the low pressure oil circuit (9) and the low pressure reservoir (10) fed by the supplementary pump (52) and the supplementary reservoir (53).

Description

Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam

technical field

The present invention relates to an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine.

Background technique

The intake and exhaust valves of reciprocating internal combustion engines open when the crankshafts of these engines reach a certain angular position. This is caused by the generally constant angular position of the engine's camshaft relative to said crankshaft, the latter position being considered to exceed 360 degrees in a 2-stroke engine and in applications such as those described by Nikolaus Otto and Alphonse Eugène Beau de The 4-stroke engine conceived by Rochas is considered to exceed 720 degrees.

In order to make the timing at which the valve opens relative to the angular position of the crankshaft variable, modern gasoline engines include at least one intake camshaft phaser and increasingly an exhaust camshaft phaser. These phasing devices are usually hydroelectric, but sometimes electrical, and make it possible to vary the angular position of the shaft relative to the crankshaft.

For most engines produced by the automotive industry, the parameters of opening time, opening speed, and valve lift height are determined explicitly by the profile of the cam actuating the valve. It is of great benefit to have these parameters variable since they have a great influence on the quality of cylinder filling and combustion. The variability of these parameters is the source of the significantly improved control of the polluting emissions of these engines. Specifically, this variability makes it possible to:

• Improving the filling of the cylinders when the internal combustion engine is used at full throttle to increase the engine's torque and power over its entire engine speed range. This result is obtained by opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves at the most favorable moments for said filling, especially by taking into account the aerodynamics of the gases in the cylinders of the engine and in the intake and exhaust ducts obtained from harmonic behavior;

Reduction of the pumping losses of the internal combustion engine when it is used under full throttle, which is replaced by an appropriate regulation for the opening and closing of the intake valve, which is usually operated through the throttle valve, based on the following two main principles The winnowing operation of the intake valve achieves:

The first strategy involves rapidly reclosing the intake valve during the intake stroke of the engine while maintaining the intake duct at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure during this period so that the load quantity of air or desired vaporized mixture is trapped in The air or mixture is then recompressed in the combustion chamber up to top dead center of the engine's pistons, before being recompressed in the cylinders of the engine up to bottom dead center of the engine's pistons.

The second strategy involves delayed closing of the intake valve during the engine's compression stroke, during which the intake duct is maintained at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, and the maximum load of air or vaporized mixture is transferred during the engine's intake stroke Inducted into the cylinder, the load is then partially forced back into the duct during the compression stroke until the remaining load in the cylinder corresponds to the requested load, at which point the intake valve closes again. The latter strategy runs the Atkinson cycle - more efficiently at part load than Otto or Beaude Rochas - and is of particular benefit in variable compression engines.

These strategies for reducing pumping losses lead to significant improvements in engine performance at part load;

• Improvement of the stability and quality of the combustion of the internal combustion engine, in particular by better controlling the turbulence of the gases in the combustion chamber, for example by finely adjusting the lift height of the intake valves. This improved control makes it possible, for example, to improve the homogeneity of the air/fuel mixture of a multi-point injection engine by providing the intake valve with a small lift at low throttle, the effect of which is to produce a finer air flow as the gases pass through the intake valve. The turbulence of the flow is conducive to the uniformity. This control also makes it possible to adjust the "tumbling" motion of the air or gases in the cylinder, which has the effect of converting this motion into fine turbulence as the engine's pistons reach top dead center, improving flame spread during the development of combustion. This control also makes it possible to adjust the turbulent movement or "swirl" of the air or gases commonly used in diesel engines, which can be adjusted, for example, by moving the opening points of the two intake valves of the same cylinder;

- Reduces pumping losses and heat losses of the internal combustion engine when operating under full throttle by increasing the level of hot residual combustion gases contained in the charge during combustion. Said gas does not contain any oxygen and does not take part in the combustion, but instead traps the heat released by said combustion, which limits heat loss on the walls and thus fuel consumption. Because they are hot, the gases are bulky and reduce the volumetric efficiency of the engine, with the result that the need for winnowing of the intake duct when used under full throttle is reduced. The increase in the residual combustion gas level is achieved in particular by increasing the overlap of the intake and exhaust valves, that is to say increasing the time period during which the intake and exhaust valves are open simultaneously in the same cycle. This allows the engine's pistons to take in both fresh and combustion gases. Increased levels of residual combustion gases may also be achieved by opening the intake valve earlier so that combustion gases may accumulate in the conduit before being reintroduced into the cylinder during the intake stroke of the engine. As another non-limiting example, increased levels of residual combustion gases may also be achieved by closing the exhaust valve earlier so that exhaust gas may be trapped in the cylinder prior to opening the intake valve. It should be noted that reusing exhaust gas from a previous cycle in the current cycle is also a strategy to allow reduction of polluting emissions, especially sulfur oxides from diesel engines;

Provides a higher compression ratio for an engine at a fixed compression level, with the result that the engine has better performance when used, for example, to drive a car (one of the main characteristics of which is that it is used to make the power vary continuously over a wide range) Average performance. This is accomplished by controlling the engine's effective compression level by delaying the closing of the intake valve so that at high loads and low engine speeds only a portion of the engine's piston stroke is used to compress gas, while substantially the entire The piston stroke is used to expand the gas. However, according to this strategy, operating points of the engine may use substantially the entire stroke of the piston to compress and expand the gases such that the load and speed conditions of the engine produce neither knocking nor complete combustion;

• Improves the performance and power of turbocharged multi-cylinder engines by preventing or limiting gas backflow to the exhaust under heavy loads. This is achieved by preventing, to the greatest extent possible, the opening of the exhaust valve when the pressure in the cylinders of the engine is lower than the pressure in the exhaust manifold of said engine;

- Improving the performance of a multi-cylinder engine when the engine is used at low power by deactivating one or more cylinders of said engine. This can be achieved by keeping the intake and exhaust valves of the deactivated cylinders closed. Cylinders give better performance because they work under higher loads. It should be noted that, according to this strategy, it is possible to insert inactive cycles in the series of active cycles of the same cylinder in order to obtain a smoother operation of the internal combustion engine, in which case each cylinder is only active part of the time It is deactivated during the period, and the cylinder works normally during the rest of the time;

• Improvement of the efficiency of two-stroke internal combustion engines by optimizing the scavenging of the combustion gases by taking the intake air at the end of the stroke in which the combustion gases are expanded. This is accomplished by optimizing the opening and closing points of the intake and exhaust valves relative to the angular position of the engine's crankshaft in order to trap the required charge in the engine's cylinders and to trap the required amount of residual air in the engine's cylinders. Combustion gases remain inside the cylinder. This strategy may make it possible to avoid the use of intake openings and/or exhaust openings, since said openings are associated with various disadvantages of the engine's function and structure;

• Improving the efficiency of devices for the aftertreatment of pollutants from internal combustion engines, whether 2- or 3-way catalysts or particle filters. Since the device does not function at full throttle and/or only begins to regenerate at a certain temperature, the earlier opening of the exhaust valve of the engine makes it possible to shorten the expansion of the gases so that the pistons of the engine Apply less pressure in order to increase the temperature of their exhaust. This strategy makes it possible, inter alia, to accelerate the rise in the operating temperature of said devices and/or to give them the thermal energy required for their regeneration;

Facilitate the design of the combustion chambers of reciprocating internal combustion engines by enabling the reduction of the depth, or even their elimination, of the recesses normally provided on the seals of the pistons of reciprocating internal combustion engines, since the function of said recesses is to prevent the piston from contacting the Any collision between the valves of the engine. This can be achieved by deliberately reducing the lift height of the valves of the engine when the compression ratio is high, which usually corresponds to operation of the engine at full throttle;

Various technologies make it possible to fully or partially control the opening time, opening duration and lift height of the valves of reciprocating internal combustion engines. Camshaft phasers are industrialized and tend to be widely used, but they cannot control neither the opening duration nor the lift height of the valve. However, said phase shifters are more and more frequently associated with devices that make the lift height of said valves variable.

Such devices are sold under different brands and/or trade names. These are discrete valve lift height transducers that include at least two cam profiles and continuous lift transducers.

Discrete lift converters are especially: from the Honda company from the Porschecompany "Valvelift system" from Audi company and "VVTL-i" from Toyota company.

Continuously variable valve lift transmissions are especially: variable ratio rod based or from FIAT company It provides a hydraulic transmission between the cam and the valve lifter with a solenoid valve for returning the used hydraulic fluid to the reservoir, thus making it possible to shorten the lift of the valve to a greater or lesser extent.

It should be noted that variable valve lift devices are most often used on intake valves and, in rare cases, on exhaust valves. These devices are usually fitted to only one of the engine's camshafts, the intake or exhaust valves, mainly for reasons related to cost or ground disturbance.

We note that, as they are used in mass-produced passenger cars, these devices always rely on at least one camshaft, so that their performance depends directly on the profile of the cams making up said axle.

It is clearly advantageous to overcome the constraints introduced by the cam profile. This is the purpose of so-called "camless" devices. In theory, these devices can implement any rules related to the opening, lift and closure of the valves within the constraints imposed by physics and geometry.

There are many devices in the prototype stage in this field, such as the "electromagnetic camless" from the Valéo company, the "Free Valve" from the Cargine company, the hydroelectric equipment developed by the American company Sturman in cooperation with the Siemens company, or the "Active Valve" from the Lotus company. Train ( ^AVTTM )".

In most cases, these systems are associated with excessive or even prohibitively high energy consumption and/or sound emissions and/or clutter disturbances and/or costs.

Other disadvantages or limitations associated with these devices prevent or delay their production on an industrial scale, such as: difficulty in ensuring reliability and/or durability throughout the life of the vehicle; and/or possible insufficient controllability, This can lead to turbulence of the valve at high speeds; and/or lack of progressiveness when the valve rests on its seat; and/or operation in a ballistic mode, which results in a difficult to control opening regime.

These observations are the basis of the Applicant's International Patent WO 2004/011780, which describes a "camless" hydraulic actuator which allows control of valve lift, valve pre-opening and/or delay in reciprocating internal combustion engines closure. This actuator enables most strategies for increasing the power and performance of internal combustion engines as well as those enabling better control of the engine's polluting emissions.

Furthermore, with respect to this actuator, this patent claims reliability and production costs that can be complied with the specifications for internal combustion engines used in mass-produced automobiles. Specifically, the actuator includes:

· at least one hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the high-pressure oil circuit through a pipeline and arranged for the opening of at least one valve;

at least one hydraulic positive displacement pump comprising at least one outlet and one inlet and whose rotational speed is proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft of the engine;

At least one pump outlet closing member which makes it possible to prevent hydraulic fluid discharged from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump from entering the low pressure circuit or entering the tank and which can force the hydraulic fluid to flow to the high pressure circuit, which is arranged for The opening of one or more valves communicates with one or more hydraulic cylinders;

· At least one valve opening selector, which makes it possible to directly send the hydraulic fluid discharged from the discharge port of the hydraulic positive displacement pump to the hydraulic cylinder of the at least one valve to be opened through the high pressure oil circuit, while also preventing said hydraulic fluid from being sent to One or more other valves that need to be kept closed;

· At least one open check valve arranged in the high pressure oil circuit between the pump outlet of at least one valve and the hydraulic cylinder, which keeps hydraulic fluid in said hydraulic cylinder of said valve to keep said valve open ;

at least one closing valve selector which makes it possible to send hydraulic fluid contained in said hydraulic cylinder from at least one valve held open by an open check valve to the inlet of said hydraulic positive displacement pump in order to provide closing of the valve, and prevent hydraulic fluid contained in its hydraulic cylinder from being introduced into the hydraulic cylinder by another valve or other valves required to be held in the closed position;

and at least one pump inlet anti-backflow valve which allows hydraulic fluid to enter the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump from the low pressure circuit or from the tank when the pressure in the low pressure circuit or tank is greater than the low pressure inlet.

Despite these potential advantages, the hydraulic valve actuator for internal combustion engines described in International Patent WO2004/011780 belonging to the present applicant suffers from various limitations and disadvantages, including:

It is not possible to simultaneously obtain a cylinder valve opening rule different from that of another cylinder of the same internal combustion engine, so it cannot for example deactivate the valve of one of the cylinders of the engine;

· cannot provide more than one lift per engine cycle for the same valve or cannot switch from a four-stroke cycle to a two-stroke cycle;

The hydraulic cylinder of the valve of the internal combustion engine directly impacts the valve, the lift of the valve creates a severe water hammer action in the pipeline of the actuator, because the pressure in the pipeline is between the hydraulic pressure of the cylinder and the actuator When a positive displacement pump is placed in the oil circuit and suddenly fluctuates, this water hammer is generated by the inertia of the valve, which results in considerable acceleration forces, which are amplified by the reaction force generated by the return spring of the valve ;

• It is difficult to make the valves of an internal combustion engine rest lightly on their valve seats, due to the constant relationship between the outlet of the actuator's hydraulic pump and the opening and closing speed of said valves. This can lead to excessive acoustic emissions and premature failure of the valve and its seat due to collisions between the valve and its seat;

• The pipes connecting the actuators to the hydraulic cylinders that open and close the valves are long and contain a considerable amount of oil, which is compressed and then decompressed at each operation of the valve. This can cause the valve to have an unstable position and be difficult to control;

the actuator has a certain design complexity, since it is composed of numerous precision parts, and this complexity and components can lead to high production costs of the actuator;

• The actuator requires a precise electric motor to guide the position of its fork so that it can be used in a proportional manner for the valve lift, valve pre-opening and delayed closing. These complex motors can be expensive.

Contents of the invention

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engines according to the present invention is superior to the valve drives known from the prior art, because the present invention inherits the teachings described in the international patent WO2004/011780 belonging to the applicant The advantages of a hydraulic valve actuator for internal combustion engines, while eliminating its disadvantages and its functional limitations are eliminated by the embodiments and by the completely different means used.

Therefore, the electrohydraulic valve actuator according to the present invention:

make it possible to simultaneously provide a valve opening law for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, which valve opening law is different from the valve opening law of another cylinder of said engine;

make it possible to provide an opening rule for an intake or exhaust valve of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, which at the same time differs from the opening rule of another valve of said cylinder having the same intake or exhaust function;

Make deactivation of the valves of one or more cylinders of the same internal combustion engine;

Allows the same valve to have several lifts per engine cycle;

make the same internal combustion engine or any cylinder of the same internal combustion engine equally well perform 2-stroke or 4-stroke cycles;

Reduces the noise of the valves by reducing the inertial forces generated by the parts directly impacted by the hydraulic cylinders and by providing progressive raising and lowering of the valves of the internal combustion engine preventing or greatly reducing water hammer in the ducts of the actuators and positional instability;

Allows the valves of the internal combustion engine to rest lightly on their valve seats, thereby preventing excessive acoustic emissions and any premature damage of said valve seats and/or said valves;

Greatly reduce the influence of oil compressibility on the positional stability of the valves of internal combustion engines;

? Dramatically reduce cost and complexity.

Other characteristics of the invention are set out in the description and in the dependent claims directly or indirectly dependent on the main claim.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises:

At least one valve-actuated hydraulic cylinder comprising at least one valve-actuated piston, which opens at least A valve that closes the valve when the hydraulic cylinder is connected to at least one outgoing high-pressure oil circuit through a valve closing solenoid valve, and when the hydraulic cylinder is neither connected to the incoming high-pressure oil circuit nor When connected to the high-pressure oil circuit, the hydraulic cylinder keeps the valve open;

at least one hydraulic positive displacement pump comprising at least one outlet connected to a low pressure oil circuit connected to at least one low pressure vessel and at least one inlet connected to said low pressure oil circuit, the pump rotates at a speed proportional to the speed of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine;

at least one valve-opening high-pressure line connecting the outlet of said hydraulic positive displacement pump to said incoming high-pressure oil circuit of said valve-actuated hydraulic cylinder;

At least one valve-closed high-pressure line connecting the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump to the outlet high-pressure oil circuit of the valve-actuated hydraulic cylinder;

· at least one pump outlet closure capable of preventing hydraulic fluid discharged from said outlet of said hydraulic positive displacement pump from returning to said low pressure circuit so that said fluid is forced into said valve-opened high pressure line;

· At least one pump inlet check valve which prevents hydraulic fluid from the valve actuated hydraulic cylinder via the valve closed high pressure line from returning directly to the low pressure circuit so that the fluid is forced into the hydraulic positive In the inlet of the displacement pump, and when the pressure of the low-pressure oil circuit is greater than that of the closed-valve high-pressure pipe, the check valve enables the pump to intake the fluid contained in the low-pressure oil circuit;

· at least one valve-opening cam, which is connected on the one hand to the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder via a mechanical transmission and on the other hand to the valve of the internal combustion engine directly or via an intermediate transmission, said cam at moving in one direction during an opening operation of the valve and then in the opposite direction during a closing operation of the valve;

• At least one return spring of the valve opening cam tending to return the cam to the position in which the cam was when the valve of the internal combustion engine was closed.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a rotating valve actuating hydraulic cylinder and a pallet-shaped valve actuating piston which causes at least one high pressure chamber Separated from at least one low-pressure chamber so that the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can rotate the piston, which is in direct or indirect rotational connection with the valve opening cam.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve actuating piston movable in the cylinder and pushing a valve opening rack guided in the cylinder head contained in the In the internal combustion engine or the piston compressor, the rack cooperates with a pinion provided on the shaft of the valve opening cam to rotate the cam when the piston moves in longitudinal translation.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve opening rack guided in said cylinder head of said internal combustion engine by means of at least one ball or roller bearing.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a valve actuating piston that moves in the cylinder and pushes the valve opening with one of its ends hinged to the valve opening rod. The valve stem, which in turn pushes a cam arm contained directly or indirectly by the valve opening cam, the other end of which is also hinged to the cam arm so as to turn the piston as the piston moves in longitudinal translation. cam.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a valve opening stem, at least one of which is hinged by an open or closed ball joint.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a hydraulic positive displacement pump comprising a plurality of compartments, each compartment constituting an autonomous pump comprising a valve associated with at least one valve At least one inlet and at least one outlet connected by actuating hydraulic cylinders, said autonomous pumps are turned by the same cam and housed in the same housing.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a position sensor on the valve of the internal combustion engine.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a cam angle position sensor on the valve opening cam.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve opening cam cooperating with a cam stop when the valve of the internal combustion engine actuated by the cam is closed , the cam stop limits the maximum angular position of the cam.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a cam stop mounted on or comprising a shock absorber so as to be limited between said cam and said cam stop. Acoustic emission of moving parts in contact.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve opening cam comprising two open or closed joints and a cam lever contact surface, the first joint being fixed on said internal combustion engine , while the second joint is directly connected to the valve actuating piston through a piston follower or indirectly through a push rod, and the cam can roll on a rocker switch contact surface provided on a rocker switch disconnect arm and/or sliding, one end of the rocker switch breaker arm is hinged on at least one breaker arm anchor fixed on the engine, and its other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower, so The breaker arm follower can directly or indirectly push the tail of at least one valve of the engine so as to open the valve.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a ball joint on at least one of two open or closed joints.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a push rod hinged at each end to a ball joint, the first ball joint being arranged in said valve actuating piston or in said On the end of the valve actuating piston, the second ball joint is arranged in or on the valve opening cam.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a valve opening cam that includes a cam lever contact surface and is rotated by at least one rotating arm, one end of which is fixed to the the shaft of the cam, while its other end is hinged to the first end of the arm push rod through a pivot joint or ball joint, and the second end of the push rod is connected to the arm push rod through a pivot joint or ball joint. The valve actuating piston is hinged, and the cam is capable of rolling and/or sliding on a rocker switch contact surface provided on a rocker switch disconnect arm, one end of which is hinged to a At least one breaker arm on the engine is anchored, and its other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower, which can directly or indirectly push at least one valve of the engine Tail included in order to open the valve.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve actuating piston which moves in a cylinder provided with a shock-absorbing opening at the end of the piston, when said valve actuating piston reaches the position where it is The piston end shock absorbing opening is completely or partially closed by the valve actuating piston near the position at which the valve of the actuated internal combustion engine is closed.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engines according to the invention comprises a valve actuating piston which moves in a cylinder equipped with piston end stops which limit the The depth to which the valve actuating piston is inserted into the cylinder.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a low-pressure vessel comprising at least one compensating accumulator kept under pressure by means of at least one supplementary pump by means of Hydraulic fluid is drawn into at least one supplementary reservoir to provide hydraulic fluid to the compensation accumulator.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises an open valve solenoid valve and/or a valve close solenoid valve and/or a pump outlet sealing solenoid valve, which is a tubular solenoid valve, said The solenoid valve tube includes at least one straight tube capable of longitudinal translational movement in a valve housing comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the straight tube includes a first end introduced into the upper chamber and a second end introduced into the lower chamber, The second end is capable of contacting at least one sealing surface fixed to the valve housing in order to seal the second end as tightly as possible.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve comprising a seal between the outer surface of the linear tube and the valve housing, the seal A device isolates the upper chamber from the lower chamber.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engines according to the invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve comprising at least one closing spring tending to keep said straight tube in contact with said sealing surface.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve comprising at least one an electric actuator, the force being sufficient to lift the linear tube from the sealing surface when current is passed through the actuator.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve whose electric actuator comprises a coil of conductive wire which attracts a magnetically conductive core or armature.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes an electric actuator whose magnetically permeable core or armature is accommodated in the upper chamber.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes an electric actuator whose coil of conductive wire is housed in said upper chamber.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises an electric actuator whose coil of conductive wire is housed outside said upper chamber, when current is passed through said coil by said The magnetic field generated by the coil passes through the outer walls of the chamber to apply a force to the core or armature.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve, the first end of which is fixed to said magnetic core or armature.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a straight tube, the first end of which comprises at least one radial and/or axial opening to said upper chamber.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a straight tube, the second end of which has the shape of a truncated sphere and is in line contact with said sealing surface, the line contact being in contact with the ball The line contact made against the base is similar.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a sealing surface provided on a separate floating mounting part in said valve housing, when said second of said linear tube When the end is in contact with the sealing surface, the part can be aligned with the straight tube.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve housing comprising directly or indirectly through an intermediate plug an exhaust port closed by a separate part, said sealing surface set on the separate component.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a valve housing fixed to said internal combustion engine and comprising inlet/outlet openings and/or ducts enabling the The upper chamber and/or the lower chamber are connected to the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder or connected to the hydraulic positive displacement pump through the inlet high pressure oil circuit, the outlet high pressure oil circuit or the low pressure oil circuit.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a straight tube whose part at the seal formed by the straight tube and the valve housing is slightly smaller than that of the straight tube at The portion where the straight pipe contacts the sealing surface.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engines according to the invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve, the sealing means of which comprise the outer surface of said straight tube cooperating with the inner surface of said valve housing.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a tubular solenoid valve having a shaft disposed on said straight pipe and directly or indirectly disposed in said valve housing An adjustable or non-adjustable element cooperating towards a stop surface determining the maximum distance between said straight tube and said sealing surface cooperating with said straight tube.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a valve housing capable of accommodating a plurality of tubular solenoid valves.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a supplementary pump comprising a supplementary piston capable of moving back and forth in a closed-end cylinder disposed within a closed-end cylinder housing, in order to the interior of the cylinder defines a variable volume, said supplementary piston also cooperating with a supplementary inlet valve and a supplementary outlet valve, wherein the outlet and inlet respectively are introduced into said volume, said inlet valve allowing the entry of hydraulic fluid from said supplementary container, The outlet valve, in turn, discharges the fluid into the compensation accumulator or into a supplemental accumulator.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a supplementary pump whose supplementary piston is moved by an electromagnetic actuator mainly composed of a supplementary magnetic core core, a conductive wire coil and a supplementary magnetic housing Actuated for translational movement in a first direction and actuated for translational movement in a second direction by a return spring of the supplementary piston.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engines according to the invention comprises a supplementary pump, the closed end cylinder of which is contained in the same metal part as said supplementary magnetic housing.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary pump, the closed end cylinder of which comprises a casing in which the supplementary piston moves.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary pump, the closed end cylinder of which comprises an end delivery opening connecting the closed end cylinder to the The supplementary outlet valve is connected such that the supplementary piston covers the opening at the end of the delivery stroke, slows down and then stops during its delivery stroke.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary pump whose maximum stroke is limited in the delivery direction by a delivery stop and/or in the suction direction by a suction cut-off limited by items.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a solenoid valve actuator with a supplementary magnetic core rigidly mounted on said supplementary piston traversing said supplementary piston. magnetic core, said supplementary piston traversing said supplementary magnetic housing in an end-to-end manner so as to cooperate with said closed-end cylinder on one side of said housing and with said Said return spring of the piston cooperates.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary pump comprising a supplementary tubular piston capable of undergoing reciprocating movement within an open cylinder arranged in relation to In an open cylinder housing directly or indirectly integrated with the pump casing so that the piston, the cylinder and the pump casing together define a variable volume inside the cylinder, the supplementary tubular piston and the A ball and spring tubular piston inlet valve cooperating, said ball resting on a seat provided at the bottom and inside said piston and an open cylinder outlet valve comprising a ball and spring, said ball resting on a set On the base and on the outside of the cylinder, the inlet valve admits hydraulic fluid from the supplementary reservoir, while the outlet valve discharges the fluid into the compensating accumulator or the supplementary inside the accumulator.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises an open cylinder housing comprising a pump inlet for connecting said tubular piston inlet valve directly or indirectly to said pump housing. Open hydraulic fluid delivery pipes.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a pump casing including hydraulic means for connecting said open cylinder outlet valve directly or indirectly to a pump outlet opening contained in said pump casing. Fluid outlet pipe.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a supplementary tubular piston, which consists essentially of a supplementary magnetic core fixed to said supplementary piston, a coil of conductive wire and a supplementary magnetic housing The solenoid valve actuator is actuated with translational movement in a first direction, and is actuated with translational movement in a second direction by the return spring of the complementary tubular piston.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary magnetic core provided with at least one core channel passing the hydraulic fluid delivery conduit via the tubular piston Inlet valve, said open cylinder housing is indirectly connected to the center of said supplementary tubular piston, said magnetic core and said piston are housed together inside a tight housing which allows hydraulic fluid from said pipes to the channel.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a supplementary container supplied with hydraulic fluid from a lubricating oil circuit of said internal combustion engine.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a supplementary container containing a specific hydraulic fluid independent of the lubricating oil circuit of said internal combustion engine.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a valve actuating hydraulic cylinder comprising at least one drain port recovering hydraulic pressure discharged from said valve actuating hydraulic cylinder fluid such that said fluid is returned to said supplementary container through at least one cylinder discharge conduit.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a hydraulic positive displacement pump comprising at least one discharge port recovering hydraulic fluid discharged from said hydraulic positive displacement pump, so that said fluid is returned to said supplementary container through at least one pump discharge conduit.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises one or more drain cocks placed on the valve actuation hydraulic cylinder and/or on the hydraulic positive Any position on the displacement pump and/or on the introduction high-pressure oil circuit and/or the outlet high-pressure oil circuit and/or the low-pressure oil circuit.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a valve opening cam, which is a wedge-shaped slider that can be set at translation in a guide or slide in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine such that the wedge shape of the slide produces a local variation in thickness enabling the valve of the internal combustion engine to be lifted from its seat or placed on in the valve seat.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a guide or slide comprising at least one roller on which the wedge-shaped slide rolls.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a wedge-shaped slide cooperating with a roller-type rocker switch trip arm, one of the ends of which is hinged at It is fixed on at least one breaker arm anchor on the internal combustion engine, and its other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower, and the follower of the breaker arm can directly or indirectly push all the breaker arms of the engine tail contained in the valve in order to open the valve.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a valve opening cam comprising a cam pin, one of which is hinged on a shaft and the other end contains a tangential lift The tangential lifting surface has a shape such that when the cam pin rotates about its axis under the action of the valve actuation cylinder, the tangential lifting surface Radial force is exerted by a rocker switch disconnect arm, one end of which itself is hinged to at least one disconnect arm anchor fixed to the engine, while at least one disconnect arm is provided at its other end A movable member so as to be able to directly or indirectly push the tail part contained in the valve of the engine to open the valve.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a mechanical transmission connecting a cam pin with said valve actuation hydraulic cylinder, said mechanical transmission comprising a pushrod, said Each of the two ends of the push rod includes a pivot and/or ball joint, with a first end resting on or within the valve actuating piston and a second end resting on the body of the cam pin.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a cam pin return spring comprising at least one helical spring which exerts a force opposite to that of said valve actuating piston and which tending to separate from each other two pivot and/or ball joints guided relative to each other by at least one sliding connection, the first joint abutting directly or indirectly on said internal combustion engine and the second joint abutting the cam on the body of the pin.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention includes a tangential lift surface terminating in a stop capable of contacting a roller rocker switch disconnect arm, in order to limit the angular movement of the cam pin.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises at least one supplementary pressure accumulator interposed between said supplementary pump and said compensation pressure accumulator.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary pressure accumulator, the outlet of which comprises a lock valve.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the invention comprises a supplementary pressure accumulator connected to said compensating pressure accumulator by a line comprising at least one non-return valve, said non-return A valve allows hydraulic fluid to flow from the supplemental accumulator to the compensating accumulator, but not vice versa.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a valve-opening high-pressure conduit comprising at least one pressure-maintaining valve positioned at one end thereof closest to the A hydraulic positive displacement pump, the pressure maintaining valve allowing hydraulic fluid from the pump to permeate into the valve-opened high-pressure line, but not to exit the valve-opened high-pressure line.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a hydraulic positive displacement pump whose outlet includes a low pressure reservoir check valve positioned between said outlet and a pump outlet sealing solenoid valve, so The valve allows hydraulic fluid to flow from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump into the low pressure reservoir, but not vice versa.

The function of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam is to:

- causing the hydraulic fluid delivered to the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump to be forced into the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder of at least one valve of the thermal internal combustion engine in order to gradually move said valve at the required moment and at the moment when said valve needs to be lifted raised to the required height;

Then,

- keeping hydraulic fluid confined in the valve actuation cylinder of said valve in order to keep said valve open for a required time expressed in degrees of crankshaft revolution of said engine;

Then,

- causing the hydraulic fluid contained in the valve actuating cylinder of the valve to be forced into the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump so that the valve rests softly on its seat at the desired moment while recovering in the Most of the mechanical energy stored by the valve's return spring during opening of the valve, and during the closing stroke of the valve is stored by the valve, the spring, the mechanical components that actuate the valve in combination most kinetic energy.

According to a specific embodiment, the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam according to the present invention further comprises:

- at least one cam position sensor and/or at least one valve position sensor;

at least one electronic control unit controlling the different solenoid valves of said actuator;

at least one sensor measuring the angular position of the crankshaft of the engine, said angular position being taken into account by the electronic control unit in order to control the valve opening solenoid valve, the valve closing solenoid valve and the pump sealing solenoid valve such that the cam angular position sensor and The actual valve position measured by the valve position sensor for each angular position of the crankshaft is well matched to the actual opening, lift height and closing point required by the valve, these various sensors, electronic control units and other Various solenoid valves realize closed-loop control of the valve position.

Description of drawings

The following description, provided as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, will facilitate a better understanding of the invention, its proposed functions, and the advantages it can provide:

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam according to the invention, such as may be arranged to actuate only one of the valves of a reciprocating internal combustion engine.

2 shows a schematic diagram of an actuator according to the invention, such as may be arranged to actuate eight intake or exhaust valves of a reciprocating internal combustion engine having four cylinders and four valves per cylinder, wherein the same cylinder Each set of two valves is actuated by the same valve actuation cylinder.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an actuator according to the invention, such as may be arranged to actuate eight intake valves and eight exhaust valves of a four-cylinder engine with four valves per cylinder, wherein the same Each set of two valves of cylinders is driven by the same valve actuated hydraulic cylinder.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sample installation of an actuator according to the invention on a reciprocating internal combustion engine.

Figure 5 is an exploded view of the hydraulic positive displacement pump of the actuator according to the invention, according to a specific embodiment, said pump being compartmentalized so as to constitute a plurality of pumps driven by the same shaft and housed in the same housing Autonomous pump.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve opening cam of the valve actuated hydraulic cylinder of the actuator according to the present invention and the mechanical transmission between said hydraulic cylinder and said cam, according to a specific embodiment, the The transmission is a rack cooperating with a pinion fixed to the shaft of the cam.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve opening cam of the valve actuated hydraulic cylinder of the actuator according to the present invention and the mechanical transmission between said hydraulic cylinder and said cam, according to a specific embodiment, the Said transmission means is a valve opening lever hinged on a cam arm comprised by said cam.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve opening cam of the valve actuated hydraulic cylinder of the actuator according to the present invention and the mechanical transmission between said hydraulic cylinder and said cam, according to a specific embodiment, the The cam is in the form of a wedge slide translatable between a roller slide and a roller disconnect arm.

Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve opening cam according to the invention, according to a specific embodiment, which is actuated by a rotating hydraulic cylinder mounted directly on the shaft of said cam, between said cylinder and said The mechanical transmission between the cams is contained by the shaft.

Figures 10 and 11 are schematic cross-sectional views of the valve opening cam, the valve actuation hydraulic cylinder, and the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam, respectively, of the valve opening and valve closing of the actuator according to the invention , according to a specific embodiment, said cam comprises two open or closed joints and a cam lever contact surface, and said cam cooperates with the disconnecting arm of the rocker switch.

Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variant of the components of the actuator shown in Figures 10 and 11, differing in that the opening cam is rotated by a rotating arm, one end of which is fixed on the shaft of said cam And said swivel arm cooperates with an arm pushrod which transmits the force generated by the valve actuation piston to said swivel arm.

Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve opening cam of the actuator according to the invention, the valve actuation hydraulic cylinder, and the mechanical transmission between said hydraulic cylinder and said cam, said cam comprising a cam pin, It is hinged at one end to a shaft, while its other end includes a tangential lift surface that cooperates with a roller rocker switch trip arm.

14 and 15 are schematic cross-sectional views of the valve opening solenoid valve and/or the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve in the closed position ( FIG. 14 ) and the open position ( FIG. 15 ), respectively, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. , which takes the form of a tubular solenoid valve.

Figure 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a makeup pump providing a closed-end cylinder according to the invention and according to one embodiment.

Fig. 17 is a schematic sectional view of a supplementary pump provided with a supplementary tubular piston according to the invention and according to a second embodiment.

18 to 20 are exploded three-dimensional views of a replenishment pump according to the embodiment of the present invention and as shown in FIG. 17 .

Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam according to the present invention, such as can be arranged to actuate only one of the valves of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, wherein the pump inlet check valve is controlled by Replaced by a pump inlet solenoid valve installed in parallel with the pump inlet pressure limiter.

Detailed ways

1 to 4 show an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam 1 for an internal combustion engine 100 .

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 includes at least one valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2, which includes at least one valve actuating piston 3. When the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to at least one introduction high-pressure oil circuit 5 through a valve opening solenoid valve 4, The hydraulic cylinder 2 opens at least one valve 101 of an internal combustion engine 100 or a piston compressor.

When the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to at least one outgoing high-pressure oil circuit 7 through the valve closing solenoid valve 6 , the hydraulic cylinder 2 closes the valve 101 .

When the hydraulic cylinder 2 is neither connected to the lead-in high-pressure oil circuit 5 nor connected to the lead-out high-pressure oil circuit 7, the hydraulic cylinder 2 ensures that the valve 101 remains open.

The incoming high-pressure oil circuit 5 and the outgoing high-pressure oil circuit 7 may comprise inherently known flow dividers in order to divide the flow to or from several valve-actuated hydraulic cylinders 2 .

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 comprising on the one hand at least one outlet connected to a low-pressure oil circuit 9 connected to at least one low-pressure vessel 10 and on the other hand comprising a connection with said low-pressure oil circuit 9. At least one entry of the connection.

The low pressure vessel 10 comprises at least one compensating accumulator 51 kept under pressure by means of at least one supplementary pump 52 which hydraulically supplies said compensating accumulator 51 by drawing hydraulic fluid into at least one supplementary vessel 53 fluid.

It is to be noted that the compensating accumulator 51 may be embodied by a diaphragm, a piston or of any other type known to a person skilled in the art, and may be housed in the housing 35 of said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8, and in On the one hand it has the effect of, inter alia, limiting the influence of the compressibility of the hydraulic fluid on the function of the actuator 1 according to the invention and, on the other hand, preventing any cavitation in the interior of said actuator.

It is to be noted that the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 rotates at a speed proportional to the speed of the crankshaft 102 comprising said internal combustion engine 100 .

The hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 can have fixed or variable cylinders, internal or external gears, pistons, screws or armatures.

The hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 may be fixed on the internal combustion engine 100 and may be driven by at least one pinion or at least one link or by at least one belt or by a fixed or variable ratio transmission through the crankshaft 102 of said engine.

The drive of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 through the crankshaft 102 can be done only by mechanical or electrical means and by an alternator driving the electric motor propelling the pump. The electrical energy generated by the alternator may or may not be pre-stored in the battery, and the low pressure oil circuit 9 may comprise a pressure sensor which returns the value of the pressure prevailing in the oil circuit to the electronic control unit.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 includes at least one valve-opening high-pressure pipeline 11 , which connects the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 with the introduction high-pressure oil circuit 5 of the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 .

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 includes at least one valve-closed high-pressure pipeline 12 , which connects the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 with the outlet high-pressure oil circuit 7 of the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 .

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 includes at least one pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13, which can prevent the hydraulic fluid discharged from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 from returning to the low-pressure oil circuit 9, so that the fluid is Forced into the valve-opened high-pressure pipeline 11.

According to a specific embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1, a pressure limiter 144 may be installed in parallel with the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13, said limiter allowing Hydraulic fluid is delivered from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 directly to the low pressure reservoir 10 without passing through said solenoid valve.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 includes at least one pump inlet check valve 14, which prevents the hydraulic fluid from the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 via the valve-closed high-pressure pipeline 12 from directly returning to the low-pressure oil circuit 9, thereby The fluid is forced into the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .

When the pressure of the low-pressure oil circuit 9 is greater than the prevailing pressure in the valve-closed high-pressure pipeline 12, the check valve 14 allows the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to absorb all the pressure contained in the low-pressure oil circuit 9 said fluid.

According to a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, said check valve 14 may comprise a ball held on its seat by a spring.

According to a specific embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 shown in FIG. 21, the pump inlet check valve 14 can be replaced by a pump inlet solenoid valve 142, which can be installed in parallel with the pump inlet pressure limiter 143, at When the pressure difference across the solenoid valve 142 exceeds a certain value, the restrictor allows the hydraulic fluid to be delivered directly from the low pressure container 10 to the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 without flowing through the solenoid valve 142 . This arrangement can advantageously cooperate with the non-return valve 145 of the valve-closing high-pressure line 12, so that the pressure prevailing in the low-pressure vessel 10 can be greater than the pressure required to completely close the valve 101 of the engine 100, said arrangement making it possible especially It is to reduce the average pressure difference applied to each end of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 in order to improve the energy performance of the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 .

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one valve opening cam 15 which is connected on the one hand to the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 via a mechanical transmission 16 and on the other hand to the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 directly. connected or connected via an intermediate transmission 17.

The cam 15 moves in one direction during the opening operation of the valve 101 and then moves in the opposite direction during the closing operation of the valve 101 .

Said intermediate transmission 17 may be a tappet, a rocker or a roller breaker arm 18 known to those skilled in the art, the latter optionally comprising inherently known automatic means for compensating said cams 15 and The gap between the valves 101.

The valve opening cam 15 is the movable part with which it cooperates, the mechanical transmission 16 and the intermediate transmission 17 being implemented in the lightest possible manner.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one return spring 19 of the valve opening cam 15 tending to return said cam 15 to the position in which said cam 15 was when said valve 101 of said internal combustion engine 100 was closed.

According to a specific embodiment, the return spring 19 may be a spring 103 ensuring that the valve 101 returns to the closed position.

The valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 includes a position sensor (not shown), which may be of the inductive type acting using the Hall effect, or of any other type known to those skilled in the art.

FIG. 9 shows a sample embodiment of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises a rotating valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 and a valve actuating piston 3 having an armature shape.

The valve actuating piston 3 separates at least one high pressure chamber 20 from at least one low pressure chamber 21, so that the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can turn the piston 3, which is directly or indirectly connected to the valve opening cam 15 Rotate the connection.

FIG. 6 shows another sample embodiment of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises a valve actuating piston 3 movable in a cylinder 22 and pushing a valve opening rack 23 guided in a cylinder head 104 compressed by said internal combustion engine 100 or said piston Machine included.

The valve opening rack 23 cooperates with the pinion 24 arranged on the shaft 25 of the valve opening cam 15 so as to rotate the cam when the piston 3 moves in longitudinal translation, the rack 23 and the The pinion 24 forms the mechanical transmission 16 .

It should be noted that, according to a particular embodiment, the pinion 24 may comprise a toothed sector arranged at a small angle directly on the periphery of the opening cam 15 .

The valve opening rack 23 can be guided in the cylinder head 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 via at least one ball or roller bearing 26 .

FIG. 7 shows yet another sample embodiment of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 includes a valve actuating piston 3 which is movable in a cylinder 22 and pushes the valve opening rod 27 with one end hinged thereto.

The valve opening rod 27 in turn pushes the cam arm 28 contained directly or indirectly by the valve opening cam 15, and the other end of the rod 27 is also hinged with the cam arm so that the piston 3 can move in a longitudinal translation manner. The cam 15 is rotated during movement.

The valve opening rod 27 and the cam arm 28 constitute the mechanical transmission device 16 of the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 .

At least one of the two ends of the valve opening rod 27 is hinged through an open or closed ball joint 29 .

The valve opening cam 15 includes a cam angular position sensor 30, which may be an encoder or any other type of angular sensor known to those skilled in the art (Figs. 6, 7, 9 and 12).

The valve opening cam 15 cooperates with a cam stop (not shown) which limits the maximum movement of the cam 15 when the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 actuated by the cam 15 is closed. corner position.

The cam stopper is mounted on or includes a shock absorber so as to limit acoustic emission when the valve opening cam 15 comes into contact with the cam stopper.

Figure 5 shows a sample embodiment of a hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 with a cylinder and an electrohydraulic valve actuator of a reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention.

Said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 comprises a plurality of compartments 31 each constituting an autonomous pump comprising at least one inlet 32 and at least one outlet 33 connected to at least one valve-actuated hydraulic cylinder 2, said The autonomous pumps are turned by the same shaft 34 and housed in the same housing 35 .

10 and 11 show another sample embodiment of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.

The opening cam 15 comprises two open or closed joints 36 , 37 and a cam lever contact surface 38 .

A first connection 36 is fastened to the internal combustion engine 100 , while a second connection 37 is connected to the valve actuating piston 3 directly via a piston follower or indirectly via a pushrod 40 .

The valve opening cam 15 can roll and/or slide on the rocker switch contact surface 41 provided on the rocker switch power-off arm 42, one end of which is hinged and fixed on the engine 100 At least one breakout arm anchor 43 of the engine 100, and its other end is equipped with at least one breakout arm follower 44, which can directly or indirectly push at least one valve 101 of the engine 100 tail 105 in order to open the valve.

Since the two joints 36, 37 of the valve opening cam 15, the cam lever contact surface 38, the rocker switch contact surface 41, and the dead arm anchor 43 and the dead arm follower 44 are all positioned for the valve actuation The piston 3 provides a large lever arm for opening the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 when the valve 101 is closed, which lever arm becomes increasingly larger as the lift height of the valve 101 becomes larger. weak.

Note that the breaker arm anchor 43 may comprise inherently known hydraulic means for compensating the play of said valve 101 .

Note the shape of the valve opening cam 15, the shape of the contact surface 41 provided on the rocker switch power-off arm 42, the location of the joint of the cam 15 fixed to the internal combustion engine 100, and the power-off power fixed to the engine 100. The positioning of the arm anchor 43 is determined to facilitate the largest possible rolling component and the smallest possible sliding component at the point of contact between the cam 15 and the contact surface 41 when the valve 101 undergoes an opening or closing operation.

The opening cam 15 comprises two joints 36 , 37 , at least one of which is a ball joint 45 , open or closed.

One end of the push rod 40 is hinged with a ball joint, a first ball joint 46 is arranged in the valve actuating piston 3 or on the end of the valve actuating piston, and a second ball joint 47 Then it is arranged in or on the valve opening cam 15 .

FIG. 8 shows that the valve opening cam 15 can be a wedge-shaped sliding member 90, and the sliding member can be guided in the cylinder head 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 under the action of the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2. Or the slider 91 translates so that the wedge shape of the slider 90 produces a local change in thickness, enabling the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 to be lifted from its valve seat or placed in said valve seat.

The guide or slide 91 of the valve opening cam 15 may comprise at least one roller 92 on which the wedge-shaped slide rolls.

The wedge-shaped slider 90 cooperates with a roller rocker switch disconnecting arm 18, one end of which is hinged on at least one disconnecting arm anchor 43 fixed to the engine 100, and it The other end is equipped with at least one power-off arm follower 44, which can directly or indirectly push the tail 105 included in the valve 101 of the engine 100 to open the valve.

Note that the breaker arm anchor 43 may comprise inherently known hydraulic means for compensating the play of said valve 101 .

As shown in Figure 13, the valve opening cam 15 may include a cam pin 131, one end of which is hinged on a shaft 133, and the other end includes a tangential lifting surface 132, which has a shape of Such that when the cam pin 131 rotates about its axis 133 under the action of the valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2, the tangential lift surface pushes the roller rocker switch disconnect arm radially relative to the axis 133 18.

According to this configuration, one end of the breaker arm 18 itself is hinged on at least one breaker arm anchor 43 fixed to the engine 100 , while its other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower 44 , so as to directly or indirectly push the tail portion 105 included in the valve 101 of the engine 100 to open the valve.

Referring to Figure 13, it may be noted that the mechanical transmission 1 connecting the cam pin 131 to the valve actuation cylinder 2 may advantageously comprise a push rod 40, each of the two ends 135, 136 of which comprises a pivot and/or A ball and socket joint, with a first end 135 resting on or in said valve actuating piston 3 and a second end 136 resting on the body of said cam pin 131 .

It is also to be noted that the return spring 19 of the cam pin 13 may comprise at least one helical spring 134 which exerts a force opposite to the force of said valve actuating piston 3 and which tends to force through at least one sliding connection 137 relative to The two pivot and/or ball joints 138 , 139 guiding each other are separated from each other, the first joint 138 resting directly or indirectly on said internal combustion engine 100 , while the second joint 139 rests on the body of the cam pin 131 superior.

Furthermore, as a variant, the tangential lift surface 132 may terminate in a stop 140 capable of contacting the roller rocker switch disconnect arm 18 in order to limit the angular movement of said cam pin 131 .

FIG. 12 shows another sample embodiment of an electrohydraulic valve actuator with a cylinder and a reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.

The valve opening cam 15 includes a cam lever contact surface 38 .

The valve opening cam 15 is rotated by at least one rotating arm 48, one end of which is fixed on the shaft 25 of the cam 15, and its other end is connected to the arm push rod by a pivot or ball joint 49. The first end of 40 is hinged.

The second end of the push rod 40 is then hinged to the valve actuating piston 3 via a pivot or ball joint 47 .

The cam 15 can roll and/or slide on the rocker switch contact surface 41 provided on the rocker switch power-off arm 42, one end of the rocker switch power-off arm is hinged and fixed on the engine 100 At least one breakout arm anchor 43 of the engine 100, and its other end is equipped with at least one breakout arm follower 44, which can directly or indirectly push at least one valve 101 of the engine 100 A tail 105 is included in order to open the valve 101 .

The shaft 25 of the valve opening cam 15, the cam lever contact surface 38, the rocker switch contact surface 41, and the dead arm anchor 43 and dead arm follower 44 are all positioned so as to provide the valve actuating piston 3 with A large lift arm is used to open the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 when the valve 101 is closed, and the lift arm becomes weaker as the lift height of the valve 101 increases.

It should be noted that, according to a specific embodiment, the rotating arm 48 can rotate several valve opening cams 15 .

Note also that the breaker arm anchor 43 may comprise inherently known hydraulic means for compensating the play of the valve.

Note that the shape of the valve opening cam 15, the shape of the contact surface 41 provided on the rocker switch power-off arm 42, the location of the joint of the cam 15 fixed to the internal combustion engine 100, and the rocker arm fixed to the engine 100 The positioning of the switch anchor 43 is determined to facilitate the largest possible rolling component and the smallest possible sliding component at the point of contact between the cam and the contact surface when the valve 101 undergoes an opening or closing operation.

Said valve actuating piston 3 moves in a cylinder 22 equipped with a shock absorbing opening 50 at the end of the piston stroke.

The shock-absorbing opening 50 is completely or partially sealed by the valve actuating piston 3 when the valve actuating piston reaches close to its position when the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 it actuates is closed. .

The shock-absorbing opening 50 decelerates the piston 3 by gradually reducing the portion through which hydraulic fluid is discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 2 when the valve 101 is closed.

The valve actuating piston 3 moves in a cylinder 22 equipped with piston end stops which limit the depth to which the valve actuating piston 3 can be inserted into the cylinder 22 .

Figures 14 and 15 show samples of the valve opening solenoid valve 4 and/or the valve closing solenoid valve 6 and/or the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention Example.

The valve opening solenoid valve 4 and/or the valve closing solenoid valve 6 and/or the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 are tubular solenoid valves 60, and the solenoid valve tube includes an upper chamber 63 and a lower chamber. At least one linear tube 61 that moves longitudinally in translation within the valve housing 62 of 64 .

The linear tube 61 includes a first end 65 introduced into the upper chamber 63 and a second end 66 introduced into the lower chamber 64 .

Said second end 66 of said straight tube 61 can contact at least one sealing surface 67 fixed to said valve housing 62 in order to seal said second end 66 as tightly as possible.

The tubular solenoid valve 60 includes a seal 68 between the outer surface of the linear tube 61 and the valve housing 62 , which isolates the upper chamber 63 from the lower chamber 64 .

Said tubular solenoid valve 60 comprises at least one closing spring 69 tending to keep said straight tube 61 in contact with said sealing surface 67 .

Said tubular solenoid valve 60 comprises at least one electric actuator 70 capable of applying to said linear tube 61 a force opposite to that produced by said closing spring 69, when an electric current passes through said actuator, said The force is sufficient to lift the straight tube 61 from the sealing surface 67 .

The electric actuator 70 includes a coil of conductive wire 71 which attracts a conductive core or armature 72 when current is passed through the coil 71 .

Electrically conductive wires or armature 72 of electrical actuator 70 may be housed within upper chamber 63 of valve housing 62 .

A conductive wire coil 71 of an electrical actuator 70 may be housed within the upper chamber 63 of the valve housing 62 .

The conductive wire coil 71 of the electric actuator 70 can be accommodated outside the upper chamber 63, and the magnetic field generated by the coil when an electric current is passed through the coil passes through the outer wall of the chamber 63, so as to provide a positive impact on the conductive core or The armature 72 applies the force.

The first end 65 of the straight tube 61 can be fixed to the conductive core or armature ( 72 ).

The conductive core or armature 72 may be contained within the same metal part as the straight tube 61, or the straight tube may be secured to the core by gluing, screwing, crimping, or by any other means known to those skilled in the art.

Said first end 65 of said straight tube 61 comprises at least one radial and/or axial opening 88 to said upper chamber 63 .

Said second end 66 of said straight tube 61 has the shape of a truncated sphere and is in line contact with said sealing surface 67 similar to that of a ball resting on a seat.

Said sealing surface 67 is provided on a separate floating mounting part 73 in said valve housing 62, said part being capable of contacting said sealing surface 67 when said second end 66 of said straight tube is in contact with said The straight tubes 61 are aligned.

Said valve housing 62 comprises directly or indirectly through an intermediate plug 74 an exhaust port 75 closed by a separate part 73 on which said sealing surface 67 is arranged so that the line passing through it by the closing spring 69 The force exerted by the tube 61 on the separate component 73 and/or the force generated by the pressure prevailing in the upper chamber 63 and/or the lower chamber 64 keeps the component 73 under pressure at the exhaust port 75 , so that the vent remains closed.

The interface between the separate part 73 and the valve housing 62 may be provided with joints or stops which locally increase the contact pressure, thereby improving the contact between the separate part 73 and the valve housing 62. Tightness.

The valve housing 62 is fixed to the internal combustion engine 100 and includes inlet and/or outlet openings and/or ducts 89 connecting the upper chamber 63 and/or the lower chamber 64 to the The valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to or connected to the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 through the inlet high pressure oil circuit 5 , the outlet high pressure oil circuit 7 or the low pressure oil circuit 9 .

The portion of the straight tube 61 at the seal formed by the straight tube and the valve housing 62 is slightly smaller than the portion of the straight tube where the straight tube contacts the sealing surface 67 .

Said sealing means 68 comprise the outer surface of said straight tube 61 cooperating with the inner surface of said valve housing 62 .

The sealing means 68 may also comprise the outer surface of the straight tube 61 cooperating with the inner surface of said valve housing 62 in which at least one annular joint and/or at least one segment may be accommodated, which may advantageously be formed by a straight line A small gap of a few microns is left between the outer surface of the tube 61 and the inner surface of the valve housing 62 instead.

An adjustable or non-adjustable stop can be provided on the straight tube 61, which cooperates with an axial stop surface 93 provided directly or indirectly in said valve housing 62, said stop surface being defined in said straight tube and the maximum distance between said sealing surface 67 cooperating with said straight tube.

Note that the valve housing 62 may accommodate a plurality of tubular solenoid valves 60 as previously described.

FIG. 16 shows a sample embodiment of a supplementary pump 52 with cylinder and electrohydraulic valve actuator of reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention.

The supplemental pump 52 comprises a supplementary piston 54 movable to and fro in a closed-end cylinder 55 disposed within a closed-end cylinder housing 56 so as to define a variable volume inside said cylinder.

Said supplementary piston 54 cooperates with a supplementary inlet valve 57, which admits hydraulic fluid from said supplementary container 53, and a supplementary outlet valve 58, the respective outlet and inlet of which respectively lead into said volume, and said supplementary outlet valve 58, which The outlet valve 58 then discharges the fluid into the compensation accumulator 51 or into the supplemental accumulator 85 .

The supplementary piston 54 is actuated in translation in a first direction by an electromagnetic actuator 80 mainly composed of a supplementary magnetic core 81, a conductive wire coil 82 and a supplementary magnetic housing 83, and by enabling the return of the supplementary piston 54 The spring 84 is translationally actuated in the second direction.

Said closed-end cylinder housing 56 is contained in the same part as the complementary magnetic housing 83 of the electromagnetic actuator 80 .

The closed-end cylinder housing 56 includes a casing 59 within which the supplementary piston 54 moves.

The closed-end cylinder 55 includes an end delivery opening 76 which connects the closed-end cylinder to the supplementary outlet valve 58 so that the supplementary piston 54 covers the opening at the end of the delivery stroke and at its slows down and then stops during the delivery stroke.

Note that the maximum stroke of the supplementary piston 54 is limited in the delivery direction by a delivery stop 77 and/or in the suction direction by a suction stop 78 .

Delivery stop 77 and intake stop 78 may comprise at least one piece of resilient material providing shock absorbing properties.

The complementary magnetic core 81 is traversed by the complementary piston 54 on which it is rigidly mounted.

The supplemental piston 54 traverses the supplementary magnetic housing 83 in an end-to-end manner so as to cooperate with the closed end cylinder 55 on one side of the housing and with the Said return spring 84 of the piston 54 cooperates.

According to a first modification of this arrangement, the complementary piston 54 can be fixed on the complementary magnetic core 81 .

For this purpose, said supplementary magnetic core 81 comprises means for connecting to this return spring 84 , which is indirectly fixed to said supplementary piston 54 in order to return said core and said spring.

As a variant shown in FIGS. 17 to 20 , the replenishment pump 52 may comprise a replenishing tubular piston 107 movable back and forth within an open cylinder 108 provided in an open port integral with the pump housing 126 either directly or indirectly. Type housing 109.

Thus, said piston 107 , said cylinder 108 and said pump housing 126 together define a variable volume 110 inside said cylinder 108 , said complementary tubular piston 107 cooperates with a tubular piston comprising a ball 113 and a spring 114 The inlet valve 111 cooperates, said ball rests on a seat 115 provided on the bottom and on the inside of said piston 107 and an open cylinder outlet valve 112 comprising a ball 116 and a spring 117, said ball resting on a set On the base 118 on the bottom and on the outside of the cylinder 109 .

It should therefore be noted that the inlet valve 111 admits hydraulic fluid from the supplementary reservoir 53 while the outlet valve 112 discharges the fluid into the compensation accumulator 51 or the supplementary accumulator device 85.

According to a particular embodiment, said open cylinder housing 109 may comprise a hydraulic fluid delivery conduit 124 connecting said tubular piston inlet valve 111 directly or indirectly to a pump inlet opening 125 contained in said pump housing 126 .

Note also that the pump housing 126 includes a hydraulic fluid outlet conduit 127 which connects the open cylinder outlet valve 112 directly or indirectly to a pump outlet opening 128 contained in the pump housing 126 .

According to selected embodiments, the supplementary tubular piston 107 can be operated in a second manner by means of an electromagnetic actuator 119 mainly composed of a supplementary magnetic core 120 fixed to the supplementary piston 107, a conductive wire coil 121 and a supplementary magnetic housing 122. Actuated in translation in one direction and in translation in a second direction by return spring 123 of said supplementary piston 107 .

According to this configuration, the supplementary magnetic core 120 can be provided with at least one core channel 129 that connects the hydraulic fluid delivery conduit 124 via the tubular piston inlet valve 111 , the open cylinder housing 109 ground connected to the center of the supplementary tubular piston 107, the magnetic core 120 and the piston 111 are housed together in the interior of a watertight housing 130, and the housing 130 allows hydraulic fluid to be delivered from the pipe 124 to the Channel 129.

The supplementary container 53 is supplied with hydraulic fluid from the lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine 100 .

The supplementary container 53 contains a specific hydraulic fluid and is independent from the lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine 100 .

Said hydraulic fluid can be specially formulated to maximize the performance, precision and durability of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention, especially thanks to the fluid's interaction with the heat engine Low viscosity, low compressibility, good lubricity and anti-wear properties independent of operating temperature, or free from abrasive particles and corrosion or oxidizing agents.

It should be noted that the valve actuated hydraulic cylinder 2 may comprise at least one discharge port (not shown) which recovers hydraulic fluid discharged from said valve actuated hydraulic cylinder so that said fluid is discharged through at least one cylinder The piping returns to the supplementary container 53 .

Note that the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 may include at least one discharge port (not shown) that recovers hydraulic fluid discharged from the hydraulic positive displacement pump such that the fluid is returned to the hydraulic positive displacement pump through at least one cylinder discharge conduit. Described supplementary container 53.

An electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention may comprise one or more discharge cocks placed on said valve actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 and/or at said hydraulic positive displacement Any position on the pump 8 and/or on the introduction high-pressure oil circuit 5 and/or the outlet high-pressure oil circuit 7 and/or the low-pressure oil circuit 9 .

The drain cock (not shown) may be of a type similar to those commonly used by those skilled in the art in any hydraulic application.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention may comprise at least one supplementary pressure accumulator 85 interposed between said supplementary pump 52 and said compensation pressure accumulator 51 .

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the supplemental accumulator 85 may feed a plurality of compensating accumulators 51 , which respectively feed a plurality of independent valve actuator oil circuits.

The supplementary pressure accumulator 85 supplies the compensation pressure accumulator 51 when the pressure in the oil circuit exceeds a certain value.

Supplemental accumulator 85 may comprise a diaphragm, a piston, or may be of any other type known to those skilled in the art.

The outlet of the supplementary pressure accumulator 85 includes a blocking valve, which ensures that the pressure in said supplementary pressure accumulator can be maintained when the internal combustion engine 100 is stopped.

A supplementary accumulator 85 is connected to said compensating accumulator 51 by a conduit comprising at least one check valve 86 allowing hydraulic fluid to flow from said supplemental accumulator 85 to said compensating accumulator 51, and not vice versa.

The valved high pressure line 11 comprises at least one pressure maintaining valve 87 positioned at its end closest to the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .

The pressure maintaining valve 87 allows hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to infiltrate into the valve-opened high-pressure line, but not to discharge from the valve-opened high-pressure line.

In particular, the pressure maintaining valve 87 makes it possible to prevent said oil circuit from being decompressed between the two valves 101 liter, in order to limit the acoustic emissions and improve the performance of the actuator according to the invention.

As a variant, the outlet of said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 comprises a low pressure reservoir 10 check valve 141 positioned between said outlet and pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13, said valve 141 allowing hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic positive displacement The outlet of the pump 8 flows into the low pressure vessel 10, but not vice versa.

The electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 may include at least one oil circuit pressure limiter 146, which is placed in any of the low pressure oil circuit 9 and/or the valve-opening high-pressure pipeline 11 and/or the valve-closing high-pressure pipeline 12. In position, when the pressure in the oil passage 9 and/or the pipelines 11, 12 exceeds a certain value, the limiter 146 allows the oil contained in the oil passage 9 and/or the pipelines 11, 12 The hydraulic fluid is returned directly to the replenishment container 53 .

Based on the above description, the operation of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention can be understood.

With respect to FIG. 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of a variant of the invention, which is arranged so as to control only one valve 101 , and with respect to FIG. 12 , which presents a specific embodiment thereof, the actuator according to the invention is functionally The operation is as follows:

The hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 is constantly driven by the crankshaft 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 .

When the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 must be kept closed, the open valve solenoid valve 4 and the closed valve solenoid valve 6 are closed, while the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 is opened and allows the hydraulic fluid discharged at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 Leading to the low-pressure oil circuit 9 , which feeds the hydraulic fluid back to the inlet of the pump 8 at the same rate through the pump inlet check valve 14 . Since the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the pump is low, the latter consumes very little energy.

When the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 must perform an opening operation, the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 closes and prevents the hydraulic fluid discharged at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 from returning to the low-pressure oil circuit 9, so that the fluid is naturally forced into the Open the valve in the high-pressure pipeline 11.

Once the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 is closed, the pressure at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 increases rapidly and reaches the pressure previously stored in the valve-opened high pressure line 11 through the pressure maintaining valve 87 . At about this moment, the valve-opening solenoid valve 4 is opened to allow hydraulic fluid to permeate the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 and to advance the valve-actuating piston 3 .

As shown in FIG. 12 , when moving, the valve actuating piston 3 pushes the arm-shaped push rod 40 , which pushes the rotating arm 48 , which turns the valve opening cam 15 on its axis 25 . Rotation of the cam 15 causes the cam lever contact surface 38 provided on the cam 15 to apply pressure to the rocker switch contact surface 41 provided on the rocker switch disconnect arm 42 . This causes the breaker arm 42 to fall forward, and once it rests on the breaker arm anchor 43 fixed to the internal combustion engine 100, pushes the tail 105 of the valve 101 of the engine through the breaker arm follower 44, which causing the valve 101 to open.

It should be noted that, from the structure shown in Figure 12, the shaft 25 of the valve opening cam 15, the cam lever contact surface 38, the rocker switch contact surface 41, and the power-off arm anchor 43 and the power-off arm follower The positions of the parts 44 are all set such that they provide the valve actuating piston 3 with a large lever arm for opening the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 when the valve 101 is closed. The lift height of the valve 101 becomes larger and weaker

This configuration promotes the gradual acceleration of the valve 101 and possible decompression of the combustion chamber 106 contained by the internal combustion engine 100, so that the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 2, the introduction high-pressure oil circuit 5, and the valve-opening high-pressure line 11 incrementally without the risk of destabilizing the angular position of the valve opening cam 15 and the longitudinal position of the valve 101 of the engine due to water hammer or excitation during compression and/or decompression of the hydraulic fluid.

As can be seen from FIG. 12 , the lift height of valve 101 of internal combustion engine 100 can be inferred from the angular position of valve opening cam 15 measured by cam angular position sensor 30 . The measured values are returned to the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine 100 .

When the lift height required by the valve 101 is reached, the electronic control unit opens the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13, which stops the opening of the valve 101, because the hydraulic fluid discharged from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 It is no longer forced into the valve-opened high-pressure line 11 and thus flows naturally to the low-pressure oil circuit 9 .

Almost at the same time, the valve opening solenoid valve 4 is closed, one of its functions is to stabilize the valve 101 at its set position, and its other function is to trap a certain amount of hydraulic fluid under pressure at the valve opening high pressure. The pipeline 11 is introduced into the high-pressure oil circuit 5 , and the pressure maintaining valve 87 prevents the fluid from returning to the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .

Note that the trapping of the fluid in the conduit by the valve may advantageously lead to a reduction in acoustic emissions and/or improve the performance of the actuator according to the invention, in particular by reducing The capacity of the fluid stopped violently in the tank 51 is achieved.

Note that the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 remains open as long as the closed valve solenoid valve 6 is not actuated to open by the electronic control unit. The timing of the opening of the valve 101 can be determined based on the objectives assigned to the control of the internal combustion engine 100, whether the objectives are to increase the torque and power performance of the engine, to increase its energy efficiency or to reduce its pollutants. emission.

In order to close said valve 101 again at the required time, the electronic control unit opens the valve closing solenoid valve 6 . The result of this operation is to allow the hydraulic fluid contained in the valve-actuated hydraulic cylinder 2 to be discharged through the lead-out high-pressure oil circuit 7 and then through the closed-valve high-pressure line 12 for connection to the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .

This operation momentarily increases the pressure at the inlet of the pump so that said pressure becomes greater than the existing pressure in the low-pressure oil circuit 9 . This pressure differential closes the pump inlet check valve 14 so that hydraulic fluid from the valve actuated cylinder 2 is forced to flow through the inlet of said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .

Said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8, turned by the fluid discharged from the valve actuated hydraulic cylinder 2, becomes a motor and returns to the crankshaft 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 a portion of the mechanical work which previously enabled the compressible hydraulic fluid and the The spring 103 of the valve 101 of the engine and the return spring 19 that can make the valve opening cam 15 tensioned and previously made it possible to accelerate said valve, the entire chain of mechanical transmissions 16 and reciprocating motion through the actuator according to the invention The hydraulic transmission device that moves in the way.

Note that the closing solenoid valve 6 can be opened once, but it can also be opened in a proportional manner or multiple times. In addition to the variable lever produced by the mechanical transmission 16 and the intermediate transmission 17 as shown in FIG. Shock effects are minimized when landing on the seat.

In particular, the proportional opening of the closing solenoid valve 6 can be achieved by applying a pulse width modulated current to the ends of its coil 71 , a method also referred to simply as “PWM” (Pulse Width Modulation). The control of the solenoid valve is entrusted to the electronic control unit, which cooperates with the cam angle position sensor 30 and/or the crank angle encoder 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 in order to control the speed of the valve 101, especially when it lands on its when seated.

Note that the total volume of the oil circuit of the actuator 1 depends on the position of the valve actuating piston 3 in its cylinder 22 . This change in volume is absorbed by the compensation accumulator 51 , which keeps the pressure in the low-pressure oil circuit 9 between two values, namely a minimum value and a maximum value.

Said minimum pressure value is sufficient, on the one hand, for the actuator 1 according to the invention to function without cavitation, said phenomenon being considered destructive; Possible positional instability of the valve 101 caused by the compressibility of the hydraulic fluid is minimized. In any case, the maximum valve pressure must not exceed the pressure at which the valve actuating piston 3 lifts the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 from its valve seat.

Note that if the minimum pressure value of the low-pressure oil circuit 9 drops below a certain threshold value (the value is monitored by the electronic control unit through a pressure sensor provided anywhere in the low-pressure oil circuit 9), the supplementary pump 52 will The hydraulic fluid in the reservoir 53 is replenished and said fluid is delivered into the compensation accumulator 51 so as to replenish said compensation accumulator with said fluid.

As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 , when the actuator 1 according to the present invention feeds multiple parallel oil circuits and each oil circuit feeds multiple valves 101 or valve groups that are not opened at the same time but belong to the same internal combustion engine 100, the complementary A pressure accumulator 85 can advantageously be interposed between the supplementary pump 52 and the compensating pressure accumulator 51 comprised by each of said parallel circuits. In this case, a single supplementary accumulator 85 supplies the compensating accumulator 51 comprised by each said low-pressure circuit 9 via a supplementary check valve 86 contained in each said low-pressure circuit 9 . hydraulic fluid.

According to this configuration, what is monitored by the electronic control unit through the pressure sensor is the existing minimum pressure value in the supplementary pressure accumulator 85, and the existing minimum pressure value in each of the low-pressure oil circuits 9 is supplemented by it. The check valve 86 is automatically maintained at the required value.

As will be readily understood, the above description is given by way of example only, and in no way limits the scope of the invention, which includes implementation details for which the recitation is made by any other equivalent.

Claims (65)

1. for an electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam for internal-combustion engine (100), it is characterized in that, it comprises:

At least one valve that comprises at least one valve power piston (3) activates oil hydraulic cylinder (2), in the time that described oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected by opening valve solenoid valve (4) and at least one introducing high-pressure oil passage (5), described oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is opened at least one valve (101) of internal-combustion engine (100) or piston compressor, draw high-pressure oil passage (7) while being connected at described oil hydraulic cylinder (2) by closing valve solenoid valve (6) and at least one, described oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is closed described valve (101), and be neither connected with described introducing high-pressure oil passage (5) also not with the described high-pressure oil passage (7) of drawing while being connected at described oil hydraulic cylinder (2), described oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is held open described valve (101),

Comprise at least one hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) of at least one outlet and at least one entrance, described at least one outlet is connected with the low pressure oil way (9) that is connected at least one low pressure vessel (10), and described at least one entrance is connected with described low pressure oil way (9), described pump (8) is to rotate to the proportional speed of speed of the bent axle (102) of described internal-combustion engine (100);

The outlet that makes described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) and described valve activate that the described introducing high-pressure oil passage (5) of oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected at least one open valve high pressure pipe line (11);

The entrance that makes described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) and described valve activate oil hydraulic cylinder (2) described in draw that high-pressure oil passage (7) is connected at least one close valve high pressure pipe line (12);

At least one pump discharge closure member (13), described pump discharge closure member (13) can prevent that the hydraulic fluid of discharging from the described outlet of described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) from returning to described low pressure oil way (9), so that described fluid is opened in valve high pressure pipe line (11) described in being forced;

At least one pump intake safety check (14), what described pump intake safety check (14) prevented from activating oil hydraulic cylinder (2) from described valve directly returns to described low pressure oil way (9) via the described hydraulic fluid that closes valve high pressure pipe line (12), so that described fluid is forced in the entrance of described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8), and in the time closing valve high pressure pipe line (12) described in the pressure of described low pressure oil way (9) is greater than, described safety check makes described pump can absorb the fluid being included in described low pressure oil way (9);

At least one opens valve cam (15), the described valve cam (15) of opening is connected by mechanical transmission (16) and is directly connected with the described valve (101) of described internal-combustion engine (100) on the other hand with described valve actuating oil hydraulic cylinder (2) or connect by intermediate gearing (17) on the one hand, described cam (15) moves along a direction during the open operation of described valve (101), then during the closed procedure of described valve (101), moves in opposite direction;

Described at least one Returnning spring (19) of opening valve cam (15), described Returnning spring (19) tend to make described cam (15) return described valve (101) at described internal-combustion engine (100) when closed described in the present position of cam (15).

2. the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described valve activate oil hydraulic cylinder (2) be rotate and described valve power piston (3) be armature shape, described piston (3) makes at least one hyperbaric chamber (20) separate with at least one low pressure chamber (21), so that the pressure of described hydraulic fluid can rotate described piston (3), described piston with described in open valve cam (15) and directly or be indirectly rotationally connected.

3. the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described valve power piston (3) moves and promotes in cylinder (22) opens valve rack (23) at cylinder head (104) midcourse guidance, described cylinder head is comprised by described internal-combustion engine (100) or described piston compressor, described tooth bar (23) be arranged on described in the small gear (24) opened on the axle (25) of valve cam (15) cooperate to rotate described cam (15) in the time that described piston (3) moves in longitudinal translation mode.

4. as claimed in claim 3 have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam, it is characterized in that: described in open valve rack (23) by least one ball or roller bearing (26) described cylinder head (104) midcourse guidance at described internal-combustion engine (100).

5. the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described valve power piston (3) in cylinder (22), move and use each end in open the hinged one end of valve rod (27) and open valve rod described in promoting, described bar (27) promotes to open by described the cam arm (28) that valve cam (15) comprises directly or indirectly then, the other end of described bar (27) is also hinged with described cam arm, to rotate described cam (15) in the time that described piston (3) moves in longitudinal translation mode.

6. as claimed in claim 5 have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam, it is characterized in that: described in open the two ends of valve rod (27) at least one end come hinged by open type or enclosed ball-and-socket joint (29).

7. the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) comprises multiple compartments (31), each compartment forms from main pump, describedly comprise and activate with at least one valve at least one entrance (32) that oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected and at least one exports (33) from main pump, describedly rotate by same rotating shaft (34) from main pump, and be contained in same housing (35).

8. the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described valve (101) of described internal-combustion engine (100) comprises position transducer.

9. as claimed in claim 1 have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam, it is characterized in that: described in open valve cam (15) and comprise cam angle position sensor (30).

10. the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve cam (15) and cooperate with cam stop part, in the time of described valve (101) closure of the described internal-combustion engine (100) being activated by described cam (15), described cam stop part limits the maximum angular position of described cam (15).

The 11. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: described cam stop part is arranged on vibration damper or comprises vibration damper acoustic emission when described vibration damper is limited in described cam (15) and contacts with described cam stop part.

The 12. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve cam (15) and comprise two open types or enclosed joint (36,37) and cam lever contact surface (38), the first joint (36) is fixed on described internal-combustion engine (100), the second joint (37) directly passes through piston follower or is indirectly connected with described valve power piston (3) by push rod (40), and described cam (15) can be upper the rolling and/or slip of rocker switch contact surface (41) being arranged on rocker switch breaker arm (42), one end in each end of described rocker switch breaker arm is hinged at least one the breaker arm anchor (43) being fixed on described motor (100), its the other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower (44), described breaker arm follower can promote the afterbody (105) of at least one valve (101) of described motor (100) directly or indirectly, to open described valve (101).

The 13. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that: at least one of described two open types or enclosed joint (36,37) is ball-and-socket joint.

The 14. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that: one end and ball-and-socket joint in each end of described push rod (40) are hinged, the first ball-and-socket joint (46) is arranged in described valve power piston (3) or on the end of described valve power piston, described in the second ball-and-socket joint (47) is arranged on, open in valve cam (15) or described in open on valve cam (15).

The 15. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve cam (15) and comprise cam lever contact surface (38) and rotate by least one cursor (48), one end in each end of described cursor is fixed on the axle (25) of described cam (15), its the other end is hinged with the first end of arm shape push rod (40) by pivot or ball-and-socket joint (49), the second end of described push rod (40) is hinged with described valve power piston (3) by pivot or ball-and-socket joint (47), and described cam (15) can be upper the rolling and/or slip of rocker switch contact surface (41) being arranged on rocker switch breaker arm (42), one end in each end of described rocker switch breaker arm is hinged at least one the breaker arm anchor (43) being fixed on described motor (100), its the other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower (44), described breaker arm follower can promote the afterbody (105) that at least one valve (101) of described motor (100) comprises directly or indirectly, to open described valve (101).

The 16. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described valve power piston (3) is mobile in the cylinder (22) that is equipped with piston end position shock-absorbing opening (50), when described valve power piston arrives the valve (101) of the described internal-combustion engine (100) that it activates at it when closed near present position time, described opening is completely or partially closed by described valve power piston (3).

The 17. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described valve power piston (3) is mobile in the cylinder (22) that is equipped with piston end position retainer, and described piston end position retainer limits described valve power piston (3) and inserts the degree of depth of described cylinder (22).

The 18. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low pressure vessel (10) comprises by least one make-up pump (52) and remain at least one compensating accumulator (51) under pressure, described make-up pump is by sucking hydraulic fluid at least one adding container (53) as described compensating accumulator provides hydraulic fluid.

The 19. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve solenoid valve (4) and/or described in close valve solenoid valve (6) and/or described pump discharge sealed electromagnetic valve (13) is tubular solenoid valve (60), described solenoid valve pipe comprise can be on comprising at least one rectilinear tubes (61) of longitudinal translation motion in the valve casing (62) of chamber (63) and lower chamber (64), described rectilinear tubes (61) comprises to be introduced the first end (65) in described upper chamber (63) and introduces the second end (66) in described lower chamber (64), described the second end (66) can contact at least one sealing surfaces (67) that is fixed on described valve casing (62), to seal as far as possible tightly described the second end (66).

The 20. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that: described tubular solenoid valve (60) is included in the seal arrangement (68) between outer surface and the described valve casing (62) of described rectilinear tubes (61), described seal arrangement (68) makes described upper chamber (63) and described lower chamber (64) isolation.

The 21. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that: described tubular solenoid valve (60) comprises at least one closing spring (69), described closing spring (69) tends to make described rectilinear tubes (61) and described sealing surfaces (67) to keep in touch.

22. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 19 or 21, it is characterized in that: described tubular solenoid valve (60) comprises at least one electric actuator (70) that can apply to described rectilinear tubes (61) power that the power that produces with described closing spring (69) is contrary, in the time that electric current passes through described actuator, described power is enough to mention described rectilinear tubes (61) from described sealing surfaces (67).

The 23. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 22, is characterized in that: described electric actuator (70) comprises electric lead coil (71), in the time that electric current passes through described coil, described coil attracts conductive core or armature (72).

The 24. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that: described conductive core or armature (72) are contained in described upper chamber (63).

The 25. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that: described electric lead coil (71) is contained in described upper chamber (63).

The 26. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 23, it is characterized in that: described electric lead coil (71) is contained in the outside of described upper chamber (63), when the magnetic field that by described coil produced of electric current during by described coil is through the outer wall of described chamber, to magnetic core or armature (72) are applied to power.

27. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 19 or 23, it is characterized in that: the described first end (65) of described rectilinear tubes (61) is fixed on described conductive core or armature (72).

28. as claimed in claim 19ly have cylinder and reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuators of cam, it is characterized in that: the described first end (65) of described rectilinear tubes (61) comprise lead to described upper chamber (63) at least one radially and/or axially open (88).

The 29. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that: described second end (66) of described rectilinear tubes (61) has the shape of spherical segment, and becoming line contact with described sealing surfaces (67), described line contacts and ball is leaned against to the line forming on base and contact similar.

The 30. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that: described sealing surfaces (67) is arranged on independently floating on assembly (73) in described valve casing (62), in the time that described second end (66) of described rectilinear tubes contacts with described sealing surfaces, described parts can align with described rectilinear tubes (61).

31. as claim 19, the electro hydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocal cam described in 21 or 30, it is characterized in that: described valve casing (62) directly comprises or indirectly comprise by middle connector (74) relief opening (75) by the sealing of parts (73) independently, described in described sealing surfaces (67) is arranged on independently on parts.

32. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 19, it is characterized in that: described valve casing (62) is fixed on described internal-combustion engine (100) and comprises opening and/or inlet/outlet pipeline (89), described inlet/outlet pipeline make described upper chamber (63) and/or described lower chamber (64) and described valve activate that oil hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected or by described introducing high-pressure oil passage (5), described in draw high-pressure oil passage (7) or described low pressure oil way (9) is connected with described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8).

The 33. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that: the part in sealing place being made up of described rectilinear tubes and described valve casing (62) of described rectilinear tubes (61) is slightly less than the part in described rectilinear tubes and described sealing surfaces (67) contacting point of described rectilinear tubes.

The 34. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 20, is characterized in that: described seal arrangement (68) comprises the outer surface of the described rectilinear tubes (61) cooperating with the internal surface of described valve casing (62).

The 35. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that: be arranged on adjustable member in described rectilinear tubes (61) or unadjustable and cooperate with the axial stop surface (93) being arranged on directly or indirectly in described valve casing (62), described stop surface determine described rectilinear tubes and and the described sealing surfaces (67) that cooperates of described rectilinear tubes between ultimate range.

The 36. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that: described valve casing (62) can hold multiple tubular solenoid valves (60).

The 37. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that: described make-up pump (52) comprises supplementary piston (54), described supplementary piston (54) can move around in the closed-end cylinder (55) being arranged in closed-end cylinder housing (56), to limit variable volume in the inside of described cylinder, described supplementary piston (54) also cooperates with supplementary inlet valve (57) and supplementary outlet valve (58), its middle outlet and entrance are introduced respectively in described volume, described inlet valve (57) allows to enter from the hydraulic fluid of described adding container (53), described outlet valve (58) enters described fluid described compensating accumulator (51) or enters in supplementary accumulator (85).

The 38. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 37, it is characterized in that: described supplementary piston (54) by mainly by supplement electromagnetic actuators (80) that magnetic core (81), electric lead coil (82) and supplementary magnetic housing (83) form with first direction translation activated, and Returnning spring (84) by described supplementary piston (54) with second direction translation activated.

39. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 37 or 38, it is characterized in that: described closed-end cylinder housing (56) is included in same metal parts with described supplementary magnetic housing (83).

The 40. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 37, is characterized in that: described closed-end cylinder housing (56) comprises casing (59), described supplementary piston (54) moves in described casing.

41. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 37 or 38, it is characterized in that: described closed-end cylinder (55) comprises end position transport openings (76), described end position transport openings (76) makes described closed-end cylinder be connected with described supplementary outlet valve (58), so that described supplementary piston (54) seals described opening in the time of the ending of delivery stroke, and slow down and then stop in its delivery stroke.

42. as claimed in claim 37ly have cylinder and reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuators of cam, it is characterized in that: the range of described supplementary piston (54) is limited and/or on pumping direction, end part (78) by suction and limited by carrying retainer (77) on throughput direction.

43. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 37 or 38, it is characterized in that: described supplementary magnetic core (81) is arranged on described supplementary piston (54) rigidly, described supplementary piston (54) traverses described supplementary magnetic core (81), described supplementary piston traverses described supplementary magnetic housing (83) in mode end to end, so that the side at described housing cooperates with described closed-end cylinder (55), and cooperate at the opposite side of described housing and the described Returnning spring (84) of described piston (54).

The 44. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that: described make-up pump (52) comprises the supplementary tube-shaped piston (107) that can move around in open type cylinder (108), described open type cylinder is arranged on pump case (126) directly or indirectly in all-in-one-piece open type cylinder casing (109), so that described piston (107), described cylinder (108) and described pump case (126) limit variable volume (110) in the inside of described cylinder (108) together, described supplementary tube-shaped piston (107) cooperates with the tube-shaped piston inlet valve (111) that comprises ball (113) and spring (114), described ball leans against on base (115), described base be arranged on bottom and described piston (107) and comprise ball (116) and the inside of the open type cylinder outlet valve (112) of spring (117) on, described ball (116) leans against on the base (118) on the outside that is arranged on bottom and described cylinder (109), described inlet valve (111) allows to enter from the hydraulic fluid of described adding container (53), described outlet valve (112) enters described fluid in described compensating accumulator (51) or described supplementary accumulator (85).

45. as claimed in claim 44ly have cylinder and reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuators of cam, it is characterized in that: described open type cylinder casing (109) comprises the hydraulic fluid duct road (124) that makes described tube-shaped piston inlet valve (111) connect directly or indirectly the pump intake opening (125) that described pump case (126) comprises.

46. as claimed in claim 44ly have cylinder and reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuators of cam, it is characterized in that: described pump case (126) comprises the hydraulic fluid outlet conduit (127) that makes described open type cylinder outlet valve (112) connect directly or indirectly the pump discharge opening (128) that described pump case (126) comprises.

The 47. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 44, it is characterized in that: described supplementary tube-shaped piston (107) by mainly by be fixed on the supplementary magnetic core (120), electric lead coil (121) of described supplementary piston (107) and electromagnetic actuators (119) that supplementary magnetic housing (122) forms with first direction translation activated, and Returnning spring (123) by described supplementary piston (107) with second direction translation activated.

The 48. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 47, it is characterized in that: described supplementary magnetic core (120) arranges at least one core passage (129), described core passage makes described hydraulic fluid duct road (124) via described tube-shaped piston inlet valve (111), described open type cylinder casing (109) connects the center of described supplementary tube-shaped piston (107) indirectly, described magnetic core (120) and described piston (111) are contained in the inside of watertight housings (130) jointly, and described housing (130) makes hydraulic fluid be transported to described passage (129) from described pipeline (124).

49. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 18, it is characterized in that: described adding container (53) is supplied with hydraulic fluid by the lubricant oil way of described internal-combustion engine (100).

50. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 18, it is characterized in that: described adding container (53) comprises specific hydraulic fluid, and are independent of the lubricant oil way of described internal-combustion engine (100).

51. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 18, it is characterized in that: described valve activates oil hydraulic cylinder (2) and comprises at least one floss hole, described floss hole reclaims from described valve and activates the hydraulic fluid that oil hydraulic cylinder is discharged, so that described fluid turns back to described adding container (53) by least one cylinder blowdown piping.

52. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 18, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) comprises at least one floss hole, described floss hole reclaims the hydraulic fluid of discharging from described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump, so that described fluid turns back to described adding container (53) by least one pump blowdown piping.

The 53. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises one or more discharge cocks, described discharge cock be placed on described valve activate oil hydraulic cylinder (2) upper and/or at described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) upper and/or described introducing high-pressure oil passage (5) and/or described in draw on any position of high-pressure oil passage (7) and/or described low pressure oil way (9).

The 54. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve cam (15) for wedge-shaped slides (90), described slider (90) can be arranged on translation in guiding element in the cylinder head (104) of described internal-combustion engine (100) or slider (91) under described valve activates the effect of oil hydraulic cylinder (2), so that the wedge shape of described slider (90) produces localized variation on thickness, the described valve (101) that makes it possible to described internal-combustion engine (100) promotes or is positioned over described valve seat from its valve seat.

The 55. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 54, is characterized in that: described guiding element or slider (91) comprise at least one roller (92), described wedge-shaped slides (90) is rolled on described roller.

The 56. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 54, it is characterized in that: described wedge-shaped slides (90) cooperates with roll-type rocker switch breaker arm (18), one end in each end of described rocker switch breaker arm (18) is hinged at least one the breaker arm anchor (43) being fixed on described motor (100), its the other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower (44), described breaker arm follower (44) can promote the afterbody (105) that the described valve (101) of described motor (100) comprises directly or indirectly, to open described valve (101).

The 57. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve cam (15) and comprise cam pin (131), one end in each end of described cam pin (131) is hinged on axle (133), the other end comprises tangential lifting surface (132), what described tangential lifting surface had be shaped as makes to activate at described valve under the effect of oil hydraulic cylinder (2) in the time that its axle (133) rotates when described cam pin (131), described tangential lifting surface applies radial force with respect to described axle (133) to roll-type rocker switch breaker arm (18), one end in each end of described breaker arm (18) itself is hinged at least one the breaker arm anchor (43) being fixed on described motor (100), its the other end is equipped with at least one breaker arm follower (44), to can promote directly or indirectly the afterbody (105) that the described valve (101) of described motor (100) comprises, to open described valve (101).

58. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 57, it is characterized in that: the mechanical transmission (16) that cam pin (131) and described valve actuating oil hydraulic cylinder (2) are connected comprises push rod (40), the two ends (135 of described push rod, 136) every one end comprises pivotable and/or ball-and-socket joint, first end (135) leans against described valve power piston (3) above or in described valve power piston (3), the second end (136) leans against in the main body of described cam pin (131).

59. have cylinder and a reciprocal electro hydraulic valve actuator of cam as described in claim 1 or 57, it is characterized in that: the Returnning spring (19) of cam pin (131) comprises at least one helical spring (134), two pivotables and/or ball-and-socket joint (138 that described helical spring (134) applies the power contrary with the power of described valve power piston (3) and trends towards making relative to each other guiding by least one be slidably connected (137), 139) be separated from each other, the first joint (138) leans against on described internal-combustion engine (100) directly or indirectly, the second joint (139) leans against in the main body of cam pin (131).

The 60. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 57, it is characterized in that: described tangential lifting surface (132) is terminated at retainer (140), described retainer (140) can contact roll-type rocker switch breaker arm (18), to limit the angular motion of described cam pin (131).

The 61. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that: described at least one supplementary accumulator (85) is plugged between described make-up pump (52) and described compensating accumulator (51).

The 62. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 61, is characterized in that: the outlet of described supplementary accumulator (85) comprises blocking-valve.

The 63. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 61, it is characterized in that: described supplementary accumulator (85) is connected by the pipeline that comprises at least one safety check (86) with described compensating accumulator (51), described safety check allows hydraulic fluid to flow to described compensating accumulator (51) from described supplementary accumulator (85), and not vice versa.

The 64. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in open valve high pressure pipe line (11) and comprise at least one pressure holding valve (87), described pressure holding valve (87) is oriented to the end towards the described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump of approaching most of it (8), described pressure holding valve is opened in valve high pressure pipe line described in allowing to infiltrate from the hydraulic fluid of described pump, but can not discharge from the described valve high pressure pipe line of opening.

The 65. electro hydraulic valve actuators with cylinder and reciprocal cam as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outlet of described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8) comprises low pressure vessel (10) safety check (141) being positioned between described outlet and pump discharge sealed electromagnetic valve (13), described valve (141) allows hydraulic fluid to flow to described low pressure vessel (10) from the described outlet of described hydraulic pressure positive-displacement pump (8), but not vice versa.