CN104237268B - The lossless detection method of oil level signal device variable cross-section composite workpiece - Google Patents
The lossless detection method of oil level signal device variable cross-section composite workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237268B CN104237268B CN201410516657.3A CN201410516657A CN104237268B CN 104237268 B CN104237268 B CN 104237268B CN 201410516657 A CN201410516657 A CN 201410516657A CN 104237268 B CN104237268 B CN 104237268B
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Abstract
The lossless detection method of a kind of oil level signal device variable cross-section composite workpiece that the present invention proposes, it is intended to check the position of oil level signal device product Magnet, the position of tongue tube, the state of tongue tube reed by microradiography X.Determine that reed whether can normally adhesive, the quality of welding spot etc. of tongue tube and wire.The technical scheme is that: in carrying out x-ray detection, it is first determined transmitting illumination parameter, tube voltage is set to 70KV, tube current is set to 4Am, and the transillumination time is set as that 1min, photographic density control 1.2 2.5；Egative film is as record medium, film is placed on stereotype and is placed in below oil level signal device, place image quality indicator and labelling, fixed form is used to make the transillumination district plane of each oil level signal device all in the situation perpendicular with incident ray bundle, oil level signal device transillumination district's dominant plane or tangent plane to a surface are parallel with film face and press close to, it is separated by 60 and carries out 3 vertical transilluminations so that it is be photosensitive under the effect through ray.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil level signal device variable section workpiece molectron (containing metallic aluminium, moulding fat, glass sintering material)
A kind of lossless detection method, it is possible to the position of oil level signal device internal magnet, the position of tongue tube, the state of tongue tube reed,
Tongue tube detects with the quality of welding spot etc. of wire.
Background technology
Ray detection (Radiographic Testing), insider is called for short RT, is industrial nondestructive testing
One important specialized fields of (Nondestructive Testing).The main application of ray detection is detection inside workpiece
Macroscopic view geometrical defect.According to different characteristic, ray detection can be divided into multiple different method, such as: X-ray tomography
(X-CT), computed radiography technology (CR), film radiography, etc..The Non-Destructive Testing radiography detection of commercial Application
Technology mainly has three kinds:
(1) X-ray radiography detection: be the X-ray utilizing X-ray tube to produce or radiosiotope generation gamma-rays wear
Workpiece thoroughly, using film as the lossless detection method of the equipment of record information.It is to utilize various material strong to the ray through it
Damping capacity (absorption energy) the different principle of degree detects the lossless detection method of inside parts defect.Radiographic examination (complete)
Technology needs to carry out radiographic effect for the video obtained by general electrophotographic process, just can be obtained with fixing by development
Fixing video.Prior art film radiography is disadvantageous in that: a) to the recall rate of crack defect then by transillumination angle
Impact, and the thin layer defect in vertical irradiation direction can not be detected, the layering of such as steel plate.B) detection upper thickness limit is worn by ray
The restriction of ability, the maximum steel thickness about 80mm that the X-ray function of such as 420kV penetrates, Co 60 radiosiotope thoroughly
(Co60) the maximum steel thickness about 150mm that gamma-rays penetrates, the workpiece of greater thicknesses then needs to use special equipment--accelerates
Device, its maximum penetration thickness is up to more than 400mm.C) detection of steel plate, steel pipe, forging typically it is not suitable for, the most less for pricker
The detection of the joint of the welding methods such as weldering, friction welding (FW).D) film radiography testing cost is higher, and detection speed is slower.E) ray
Human body there is is injury, needs to take safeguard procedures.
(2) gammagraph detection: occurred decay or core to produce gamma-rays when reflecting by radioisotopic atomic nucleus,
Identical with the principle of X-ray radiography detection, the mechanism being merely creating is different.
(3) neutron radiograph detection: utilize neutron to carry out detecting (the phase with material atom core with the interaction of material
Interaction), neutron is fundamental particle, and it is different from X-ray and gamma-rays in itself.
In aeronautical manufacture engineering, X-ray radiography detection is mainly used in foundry goods, the Inner Defect Testing of weldment and forging
High density inclusions detection, the most do not use gamma-rays and neutron radiograph detection.X-ray radiography detection can also be used for multiple
Condensation material, honeycomb texture, plastic part, the testing for internal quality of electronic devices and components.Oil level signal device is variable section workpiece, contains
(1) metallic aluminium, (2) epoxy resin, the float of (3) carry magnet, (4) glass sintering tongue tube.In carrying out x-ray detection,
When ray penetrating metal aluminum, epoxy resin, the float of carry magnet and glass sintering tongue tube, each position is to the absorption of ray not
With, the ray therefore passed through emphasizes it is different.Film after exposure is carried out darkroom disposal, oil level signal device internal flaw
The constructional aspect of state, distribution and inside show more difficulty exactly.Due to radiographic source, object (test specimen and lack
Fall into), position and the change of angle relatively between film three, the video on egative film and the size of actual object, shape, position can be made
Putting different, common situation has following several: 1. amplify: the video size that image enlargement refers on egative film is more than object
Actual size.Due to focal distance ratio, to penetrate Source size much larger, and the source of penetrating can be considered " point source ", and photograph projection can be considered that " center is thrown
Shadow ", image enlargement degree is relevant with L1, L2.2. distortion: for the video shape obtained by same object, orthographic projection and oblique projection
Shape is different, if orthographic projection obtain normal as being considered as, then it is assumed that oblique projection as there occurs distortion.In actual photograph, video
Distortion major part is caused by the incident line and perspective plane off plumb oblique projection.Additionally, when perspective plane is not plane film
Bending, also can cause or aggravate distortion.The spherical porosity video that distorts in oblique projection is that ellipse circular crackle video distorts sometimes
It it is the little blanking bar of a blackness having an one fixed width.Distortion can change the image feature of defect, to identification and the evaluation of defect
Bring difficulty.3. overlap: video overlap be the distinctive situation of radiographic projection, due to ray can penetrating material, test specimen pair
Being " transparent " in ray, the geometry video of test specimen upper and lower surface and internal flaw video can occur on egative film, from
And cause video to overlap.The situation that on radiography film, video overlaps is several under having: a, test specimen upper and lower surface video overlap；
B, surface video overlap with internal images；C, two or more video overlap.Video position is the weight judging and identifying defect
Will according to one of, relative position change is given sometimes and is commented sheet to bring difficulty, needs by observing, thus it is speculated that projection angle, just makes
Really judge.The image deterioration that radiographic source focus size on different projecting directions and shape difference are brought, is mainly manifested in throwing
Shadow image horizontally and vertically on there is different spatial resolution and details resolving power.Picture quality and roenthenograph
The resolution of picture depends primarily on focus characteristic, and the image quality of focus relies on planar Density Distribution.Focal spot size shadow
Ring definition and the resolving power of radiographic images.The distribution of focal spot size, focus point shape, x ray intensity x and power stability
The inherent characters such as property can bring image quality decrease factor.Regular industrial X-ray equipment focal spot size is 1～4 mm, 0 2～
0.5 mm is referred to as little focus, and industry Microfocus X-ray scope is 0 05～0.001 mm.
For oil level signal device variable section workpiece molectron (containing metallic aluminium, moulding fat, glass sintering material) roentgenogram
The technical difficulty detected mutually is: before and after three-dimensional body two-dimensional imaging, defect is overlapping；Tested crackle orientation and beam angle
No more than 10 degree, otherwise would become hard to detection, only parallel with X-ray direction of check just can be detected.To mechanical assemblies
The quality of interior solder joint, the state of part and certain position are not easily accomplished.Quality problems or hidden danger is there is in oil level signal device
It is difficult to be found, certain accident potential will be buried afterwards, the great rejection and waste caused and Liability Retroact.Based on to oil
The strict demand of position signal indicator safety, Non-Destructive Testing seems and is important, and Non-Destructive Testing is applied in such a case
It is heavily dependent on experience and the ability of nondestructive testing personnel, is to produce along with product complexity increases Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement
Indispensable basic technology in quality control.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the weak point existed for above-mentioned technology, it is provided that a kind of meet the lossless of oil level signal device
Detection method, method is simple, it is easy to operation controls, and Financial cost is low, oil level signal device configuration state can be detected, and can detect
Oil level signal device is the most intact, assembling is correct, meets aviation oil level signal indicator product and uses requirement.
The technical problem to be solved is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of oil level signal device variable cross-section
The lossless detection method of combination workpiece, it is characterised in that comprise the steps: in carrying out x-ray detection, it is first determined thoroughly
According to parameter, tube voltage being set to 70KV, tube current is set to 4mA, and the transillumination time is set as that 1min, photographic density control at 1.2-
2.5；Film, as record medium, is placed on stereotype and is placed in, below oil level signal device, placing image quality indicator and labelling by egative film,
Fixed form is used to make the transillumination district plane of each oil level signal device believe all in the situation perpendicular with incident ray bundle, oil level
Number device transillumination district's dominant plane or tangent plane to a surface are parallel with film face and press close to, the focal spot size ＜ 1mm of x-ray source, its
X-ray tube, in fixing lead room, is separated by 60 and carries out 3 vertical transilluminations so that it is be photosensitive under the effect through ray, through dark
Room obtains egative film after processing, and observes egative film, according to the workpiece, defect data obtained from egative film, it is judged that defect under film viewer
Character, quantity, size and position, according to acceptance criteria or technical conditions, workpiece is carried out performance rating.
The present invention has the advantages that.
The present invention, by oil level signal device is carried out X-ray transillumination, does not destroy the integrity of oil level signal device product, seriality
And serviceability, utilize the characteristic of oil level signal device self to detect.Method is simple, easily operates, and efficiency is high, can enter continuously
OK, the most influenced by environmental conditions, detection sensitivity is high, it is judged that directly perceived, result can preserve, not to subject surface requirements simultaneously
High.Reach oil level signal device internal flaw, the purpose of configuration state inspection by oil level signal device radiographic examination (complete), it is ensured that
Variable cross-section oil level signal device performance and use meet matching requirements.
The present invention reduces focal spot size can make flaw detection sensitivity be significantly improved.Little focus is conducive to recalling short Jiao
Away from and do not produce penumbra, improve imaging resolution, its resolution is up to 6 μm, and ratio typically exceeds an order of magnitude；Microfocus X-ray X penetrates
Line imaging system has higher identification ability to defect.The industry radiogenic advantage of Microfocus X-ray is mainly reflected in focal spot size
On.Egative film definition and sensitivity are the highest, are far superior to gammagraph.Relative to conventional radiography equipment, Microfocus X-ray X penetrates
Line imaging system is higher to the identification ability of defect.
Tests prove that, the method can also be generalized on aero oil quantity sensor typical products application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The concrete structure of the present invention is given by below example and accompanying drawing thereof, but the most therefore limits the present invention to institute
Among the scope of embodiments stated.
Fig. 1 is oil level signal device structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Refering to Fig. 1.The present invention be will be further illustrated in the examples below, and these embodiments are merely to illustrate this
Bright and the present invention is not limited.
In embodiment described below, oil level signal device is representative workpiece, for variable section workpiece radiographic examination (complete).Contain
There are metallic aluminium 1, epoxy resin 2, the float 3 of carry magnet, glass sintering tongue tube 4.Oil level signal device is Aviation Fuel observing and controlling system
Strength member in system, cardinal principle is when pasta changes, and can drive magnetic float movement.When magnetic float reaches the oil level of agreement
Time, magnetic float will be fixed tongue tube in this place, send switching signal, and connect whole circuit, thus realize oil-level measurement
Function.Oil level signal device is carried out X-ray transillumination, is not only the inspection to oil level signal device variable section workpiece molectron, also needs
The quality of welding spot etc. of internal tongue tube with wire is detected.When radiography detects, in detection oil level signal device
The quality of welding spot of the position of Magnet, the position of tongue tube, the state of tongue tube reed, tongue tube and wire, when transillumination is arranged
Considering to make the scanning thickness in transillumination district little, transillumination district dominant plane or tangent plane to a surface are parallel with film face and press close to, transillumination
District's plane is all in the situation perpendicular with incident ray bundle.Specifically implement from the following aspects:
(1), correct division transillumination district: i.e. determining effective transillumination district scope, in transillumination of major control, scanning thickness becomes
The scope changed.(2), shining voltage is correctly determined: select according to the scanning thickness determined, suitable light exposure from technical chart
Suitable shining voltage.(3), suitable film is chosen；(4), scanning thickness is determined；(5), focal length is determined；(6), transillumination is determined
Number of times；(7), by darkroom disposal technology.
Oil level signal device is variable section workpiece, carries out in x-ray detection, determines that transillumination cloth postpones and carries out the anti-of scattered rays
Protect, calculate scanning thickness, choose focal length, determine shining voltage and transmiting time, determine input pipe electric current and pipe electricity after light exposure
Pressure, carries out X-ray transillumination to oil level signal device, finally by darkroom disposal technology, film is carried out performance rating.Oil level signal device
Different scanning thickness will be comprised in a transillumination district, be determined by transillumination layout and transmitting illumination parameter etc. to fluid level announciator work
Part carries out X-ray detection, i.e. (position of Magnet, the position of tongue tube, the state of tongue tube reed being determined, reed whether can
Normal adhesive), tongue tube detects with the quality of welding spot etc. of wire.
1, selected equipment, determine focal length.Equipment: portable X-ray detection apparatus；Model: SMART 160E/0.4；Focal length
(radiographic source distance away from film): 700mm.
2, film is chosen.Oil level signal device is aeronautical product strength member, and prescription is the strictest.Examine in radiography
Use B level (senior) technology when testing technology, meet higher quality of image requirement.Select fine grained film: TESTIXC4nEwFw.
3, scanning thickness.Oil level signal device is a special variable cross-section radiographic examination (complete) problem.Beam must be worn
Cross the metallic aluminum of part, epoxy resin layer, Magnet float layer and glassy layer.The ray of material is utilized when determining scanning thickness
Scanning thickness equivalent coefficient calculates after different materials carries out thickness conversion, scanning thickness: 7mm.
4, transmitting illumination parameter is determined.Tube voltage: 70KV, tube current: 4mA, transillumination time: 1min.X-ray photographic density controls
At 1.2-2.5.Blackness nigrometer is measured.
5, transmiting time is determined.The focal spot size ＜ 1mm of x-ray source, its X-ray tube, in fixing lead room, is separated by 60
Carry out 3 vertical transilluminations.
6, once can transillumination multiple oil level signal device, use fixed form to make the transillumination district plane of each oil level signal device
It is in the situation perpendicular with incident ray bundle, oil level signal device transillumination district's dominant plane or tangent plane to a surface to put down with film face
Go and press close to.
7, darkroom disposal.Manually or automatically developing machine all can use.Temperature 20-25, developing time: 4-6min.
8, egative film is carried out performance rating by GJB1187A-2001 standard under film viewer.To judge that oil level signal device produces
Product are the most qualified, meet and use requirement.
Oil level signal device transillumination is arranged and is made up of radiographic source, oil level signal device, film, back of the body stereotype etc..Radiography detects
Time, film is placed on stereotype and is placed in, below oil level signal device, placing image quality indicator and labelling.Close lead room.Pass through X-ray
Defectoscope input transmitting illumination parameter: tube voltage: 70KV, tube current: 4mA, transillumination time: 1min carry out transillumination detection.
Claims (1)
1. the lossless detection method of an oil level signal device variable cross-section composite workpiece, it is characterised in that comprise the steps: entering
In the detection of row x-ray, shorter focal length and egative film distance will be used for, it determines the X-ray tube of tiny defect in fixing lead room,
First determining transmitting illumination parameter, tube voltage is set to 70KV, tube current is set to 4mA, and the focal spot size of x-ray source is set as 0.4mm
～between 1mm, the transillumination time is set as 1min, uses B level, selection fine grained film during radiography detection:
TESTIXC4nEwFw, photographic density controls at 1.2-2.5；Film, as record medium, is placed on stereotype and is placed in oil by egative film
Below the signal indicator of position, place image quality indicator and labelling, use fixed form to make at the transillumination district plane of each oil level signal device
In the situation perpendicular with incident ray bundle, oil level signal device transillumination district's dominant plane or tangent plane to a surface are parallel with film face
And press close to, it is separated by 60 and carries out 3 vertical transilluminations so that it is be photosensitive under the effect through ray, obtain on earth after darkroom disposal
Sheet, observes egative film, according to the workpiece, defect data obtained from egative film, it is judged that the character of defect, quantity, chi under film viewer
Very little and position, carries out performance rating according to acceptance criteria or technical conditions to workpiece.
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| CN106442579A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-02-22 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting on-site three-dimensional imaging of GIS center conductive member |
| CN108459343B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-11-30 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Ray bundle angle testing method |
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