CN104274238A - Fluoroscopic stereoscopic femoral neck localizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a femoral neck perspective stereotaxic device, which is characterized in that it comprises a first frame and a second frame, the first frame is provided with a first bracket (14), and the first bracket (14) The upper end is also provided with a second bracket (15), and the neck-shaft angle positioning pin (16) is clamped on the second clamping bracket (15); the third bracket (24) is provided on the second frame, The upper end of the third bracket (24) is also provided with a fourth bracket (25), and the fourth bracket (15) is provided with a forward angle positioning hollow conduit (26), and the bending sections at corresponding positions correspond to each other one by one. Tight fit. The present invention utilizes the fixed positioning of the frame, and several brackets can serve as the function of the universal rotating head, which can meet the multi-angle positioning of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle and the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter, can improve the positioning accuracy of the operation, and reduce the operation time. Radiation damage, simple structure and wide application range.

Description

Femoral neck fluoroscopic stereotaxic device

technical field

The invention relates to an auxiliary tool for fracture fixation, in particular to a femoral neck perspective stereotaxic positioning device.

Background technique

Internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, femoral head decompression and other operations require accurate positioning of the femoral neck under fluoroscopy to ensure that the guide pin is placed in the correct position in the femoral neck. At present, the positioning of the femoral neck under fluoroscopy is mainly performed by placing Kirschner wires outside the body, which requires repeated positioning, especially to determine the anteversion angle of the femoral neck. Under repeated fluoroscopy, adjust the reverse direction of the Kirschner wire to be consistent with the anteversion angle of the femoral neck, and at the same time keep the neck-shaft angle of the femoral neck correct. A slight shake will cause deviations in the anteversion angle and the neck-shaft angle of the guide wire. If you want to change the direction again, due to the influence of the old bone tunnel, it will become very difficult and affect the surgical effect. In addition, these methods expose the doctor to more X-ray radiation, the positioning direction is easy to change, the operation time is long, and the efficiency is low. so.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a femoral neck perspective stereotaxic device capable of stable positioning, reducing radiation damage and improving operation efficiency.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A femoral neck perspective stereotaxic device includes a first frame and a second frame, the first frame includes a first straight line segment, a first bending segment and a second bending segment, the first bending segment and the second bending segment The two bending sections protrude from both ends of the first straight section and are perpendicular to the first straight section in the same direction. A first bracket is provided on the first straight section, and a second Two brackets, the first bracket and the second bracket are fixedly connected by bolts, the neck-shaft angle positioning pin is clamped on the second clamping bracket, the first straight line section, the first bent section and the second bent section The centerlines of the folds are on the same horizontal plane;

The second frame is a hollow structure, including a second straight section, a third bent section and a fourth bent section, the third bent section and the fourth bent section are respectively located at the two ends of the second straight section and Protruding in the same direction perpendicular to the second straight section, a third bracket is provided on the second straight section, and a fourth bracket is also provided on the upper end of the third bracket, and the third bracket and the fourth bracket can be connected by bolts fixedly connected, the fourth bracket is provided with a forward angle positioning hollow conduit, and the centerlines of the second straight section, the third bent section and the fourth bent section are on the same horizontal plane; the two of the first frame The bending section is socketed and fixed with the two bending sections of the second frame hollow structure at the corresponding position.

With the above structure, the circular jaws on the first bracket and the third bracket are respectively clamped on the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment, and can slide or rotate. The first bracket and the third bracket are connected in series by bolts, the second bracket and the fourth bracket can realize the rotation in the horizontal direction, and play the role of a universal rotator. It can also slide axially in the circular jaw at the corresponding position, which is not only beneficial to adjust the use angle of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle and the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter, but also facilitates the adjustment of the extension of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle and the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter. Long length, simple structure, convenient operation and strong applicability.

In order to facilitate the removal and replacement of the brackets and fully disinfect and sterilize them, and at the same time facilitate the cooperative movement of each bracket with other parts, as a preference, the first bracket, the second bracket, the third bracket and the fourth bracket are all composed of two bracket blocks Composition, the opposite ends of the same side of each of the bracket blocks are provided with semicircular grooves, two of the semicircular grooves form a circular clamp.

In order to facilitate the multi-directional cooperative use of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle and the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter, as a preference, the circular jaws on the first bracket are respectively clamped and connected with the first straight line segment, and the circular jaws are in the Sliding fit on the first straight line segment; the circular clamps on the third bracket are clamped and connected with the second straight line segment respectively, and the circular clamps are slidably fitted on the second straight line segment.

In order to reduce the wear and tear between the bracket blocks during fixation, and to facilitate position adjustment and maintain positioning during surgery, preferably, a spring is arranged between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the upper end of the spring is connected to the second bracket. The lower bracket block of the two brackets abuts, and the lower end abuts against the upper bracket block of the first bracket, and the spring is sleeved on the bolt fixedly connecting the first bracket and the second bracket at the corresponding position; the third bracket and the fourth bracket A spring is arranged between the brackets, the upper end of the spring abuts against the lower bracket block of the fourth bracket, and the lower end abuts against the upper bracket block of the third bracket, and the spring is sleeved on the corresponding position and fixedly connected to the third bracket and the bolts of the fourth bracket.

In order to improve the positioning accuracy of neck-shaft angle positioning during operation, preferably, the neck-shaft angle positioning needle can be slidably sleeved in the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter.

In order to facilitate the accuracy of the placement of relevant surgical equipment, preferably, a through hole is provided in the middle of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle, and the diameter of the through hole is 2 mm.

In order to tighten the first frame and the second frame, and clamp the first or second bending section connected by the socket without causing damage to the appearance of the fixedly fitted position of the socket, preferably, close to the The protruding end of the fourth bending section is provided with a section of external thread, and a nut is screwed on the external thread, and a plurality of bar-shaped grooves are arranged in the axial direction at the outer end of the external thread, and the plurality of The strip-shaped grooves all open outward and are uniformly arranged along the outer surface of the fourth bending section.

In order to tighten the corresponding positions to each other more firmly while the fourth bending section is screwed to the first bending section or the second bending section, preferably, the center of the nut is stepped, with a large diameter It is a threaded section, and the minor diameter is a non-threaded section. The inner diameter of the non-threaded section is adapted to the outer diameter of a section provided with a bar-shaped groove on the protruding end of the fourth bending section.

Beneficial effects: the present invention utilizes the fixed positioning of the frame, and several brackets can act as a universal swivel head, which can meet the multi-angle positioning of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle and the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter, can improve the positioning accuracy of the operation, and The ray radiation damage during operation is reduced, the structure is simple, and the application range is wide.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a working state diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the support block and the spring.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the nut structure.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention consists of a first frame and a second frame, etc., the first frame includes a first straight section 11, a first bent section 12 and a second bent section 13, the The first bending section 12 and the second bending section 13 protrude from both ends of the first straight section 11 and perpendicular to the first straight section 11 in the same direction, and a first bracket is arranged on the first straight section 11 14. The upper end of the first bracket 14 is also provided with a second bracket 15, the first bracket 14 and the second bracket 15 are fixedly connected by bolts, the bolts are covered with springs 29, and the springs 29 abut against Between the first bracket 14 and the second bracket 15, the neck-shaft angle positioning pin 16 is clamped on the second clamping bracket 15, and the middle part of the neck-shaft angle positioning pin 16 is provided with a through hole. The diameter of the hole is 2 mm; the centerlines of the first straight section 11 , the first bent section 12 and the second bent section 13 are on the same horizontal plane.

The second frame is a hollow structure, including a second straight section 21, a third bent section 22 and a fourth bent section 23, and the third bent section 22 and the fourth bent section 23 are respectively on the second straight line. The two ends of the section 21 extend in the same direction perpendicular to the second straight section 21, a third bracket 24 is provided on the second straight section 21, and a fourth bracket 25 is also provided at the upper end of the third bracket 24, The third bracket 24 and the fourth bracket 25 are also fixedly connected by bolts, and the bolts are also sleeved with a spring 29, and the spring 29 abuts between the third bracket 24 and the fourth bracket 25, close to the The protruding end of the fourth bending section 23 is provided with a section of external thread, and a nut 28 is screwed on the external thread. The center of the nut 28 is stepped, the large diameter is a threaded section, and the small diameter is a non-threaded section A plurality of bar-shaped grooves 27 are also provided in the axial direction at the outer end of the external thread, and the plurality of bar-shaped grooves 27 are all opened outward and uniformly arranged along the outer surface of the fourth bending section 23. The inner diameter of the non-threaded section of the nut 28 is compatible with the outer diameter of a section of the strip groove 27 on the extended end of the fourth bent section 23, and a plurality of strips are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the fourth bent section 23. shaped groove 27, so that the extended end of the fourth bending section 23 forms a structure of clamping bile, and the bending section at the corresponding position of the sleeve can be clamped while the nut 28 is riveted; in the fourth bracket 15 The anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter 26 is arranged on it, the diameter of the neck-shaft angle positioning needle 16 is adapted to the diameter of the anteversion angle positioning hollow catheter 26, and is slidably fitted. The second straight section 21 and the third bending section 22 and the center line of the fourth bending section 23 are on the same horizontal plane.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, described first bracket 14, second bracket 15, third bracket 24 and fourth bracket 25 are all made up of two bracket blocks, the same side of each described bracket block The opposite ends are provided with semicircular grooves, and the two semicircular grooves form a circular jaw; the circular jaws on the first bracket 14 are clamped and connected with the first straight section 11 respectively , the circular jaws are slidably fitted on the first straight line segment 11; the circular jaws on the third bracket 24 are clamped and connected with the second straight line segment 21 respectively, and the circular jaws are on the second straight line segment 21 Slip on fit.

The using method of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, first, place the neck-shaft angle positioning pin 16 at a possible position in front of the hip, insert it through the through hole to adjust to the correct position, and fix it on the skin with sutures, and then place the pin 16 on the skin. The first bent section 12 and the second bent section 13 of a frame are nested together with the third bent section 22 and the fourth bent section 23 of the second frame to form a square or rectangular frame structure, and then Through the universal adjustment connection of the first bracket 14 , the second bracket 15 , the third bracket 24 and the fourth bracket 25 , and riveting with nuts 28 , the first frame and the second frame are locked.

Next, the anteversion angle positioning hollow conduit 26 on the fourth support 25 is fixed on the first straight section 11 on the first frame, the hip joint can be viewed from the side, and the square structure frame is first adjusted so that the anteversion angle positioning hollow conduit 26 and the femur Keep level, tighten the bolts between the third support 24 and the fourth support 25.

Finally, adjust the positions of the corresponding first bracket 14 and the third bracket 24 on the first straight section 11 and the second straight section 12, and adjust the height and horizontal steering angle of the second bracket 15, so that the neck-shaft angle positioning pin 16 and The anteversion angle positions the hollow catheter 26 to be parallel, determines its neck-shaft angle, semi-fixes the bolts between the first bracket 14 and the second bracket 15, and sees through the hip joint from the side, and adjusts the anteversion angle to position the hollow catheter 26 up and down so that it is in line with the femur. The anteversion angle of the neck is consistent, and then completely fix the bolt between the third bracket 24 and the fourth bracket 25. At this time, the direction of the hollow catheter 26 positioned by the anteversion angle is the correct position of the femoral neck, and the direction of the hollow catheter 26 is positioned along the anteversion angle , can be driven into Kirschner wires, screws, decompression drills and other related surgical devices, easy to operate, high accuracy.

Since there are many diameters of the anteverted positioning hollow catheter 26, a plurality of fourth brackets 25 with different diameters of the circular jaws can be prepared and selected according to the specific conditions of the operation.

The parts not described in the present invention are consistent with the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structures made using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings are directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, and are equally applicable to the present invention. within the scope of patent protection.

Claims (8)

1. a neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner, it is characterized in that: comprise the first framework and the second framework, described first framework comprises the first straightway (11), first bending segment (12) and the second bending segment (13), described first bending segment (12) and the second bending segment (13) stretch out perpendicular to the first straightway (11) in the same way at the two ends of the first straightway (11) respectively, described first straightway (11) is provided with the first support (14), the upper end of described first support (14) is also provided with the second support (15), described first support (14) and the second support (15) can be bolted connection, described second clamp bracket (15) is clamped with collodiaphyseal angle positioning needle (16), this first straightway (11), the centrage of the first bending segment (12) and the second bending segment (13) is in same level,

Described second framework is hollow-core construction, comprise the second straightway (21), 3rd bending segment (22) and the 4th bending segment (23), described 3rd bending segment (22) and the 4th bending segment (23) stretch out perpendicular to the second straightway (21) in the same way at the two ends of the second straightway (21) respectively, described second straightway (21) is provided with the 3rd support (24), the upper end of described 3rd support (24) is also provided with the 4th support (25), described 3rd support (24) and the 4th support (25) can be bolted connection, described 4th support (15) is provided with top rake location hollow tubing conductor (26), this second straightway (21), the centrage of the 3rd bending segment (22) and the 4th bending segment (23) is in same level, two described bending segments of two described bending segments of the first framework and the second framework hollow-core construction of correspondence position are fixed by socket.

2. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first support (14), the second support (15), the 3rd support (24) and the 4th support (25) form by two backbone block, the end in opposite directions of the same side of each described backbone block is provided with semi-circular recesses, and two described semi-circular recesses form a circular jaws.

3. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the circular jaws on described first support (14) is clamped and connected with the first straightway (11) respectively, and this circular jaws is slidably matched on the first straightway (11); Circular jaws on described 3rd support (24) is clamped and connected with the second straightway (21) respectively, and this circular jaws is slidably matched on the second straightway (21).

4. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: between described first support (14) and the second support (15), be provided with spring (29), the upper end of described spring (29) abuts with the lower carriage block of the second support (15), lower end abuts with the upper bracket block of the first support (14), and this spring (29) is set on the bolt being fixedly connected with the first support (14) and the second support (15) of correspondence position; Spring (29) is provided with between described 3rd support (24) and the 4th support (25), the upper end of described spring (29) abuts with the lower carriage block of the 4th support (25), lower end abuts with the upper bracket block of the 3rd support (24), and this spring (29) is set on the bolt being fixedly connected with the 3rd support (24) and the 4th support (25) of correspondence position.

5. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is inner that described collodiaphyseal angle positioning needle (16) is slidably socketed in top rake location hollow tubing conductor (26).

6. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the middle part of described collodiaphyseal angle positioning needle (16) is provided with through hole, and the diameter of this through hole is 2mm.

7. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the external part near described 4th bending segment (23) is provided with one section of external screw thread, described external screw thread is bolted with nut (28), also be provided with multiple bar-shaped trough (27) vertically in described externally threaded outer end, multiple described bar-shaped trough (27) all outward opening and outer surface along the 4th bending segment (23) is evenly arranged.

8. neck of femur perspective stereoscopic positioner according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the center of described nut (28) is step-like, large footpath is thread segment, path is non-threaded section, and the external diameter that the internal diameter of described non-threaded section and the 4th bending segment (23) external part are provided with a section of bar-shaped trough (27) is suitable.