CN104287749B - A kind of noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device, including front bar, rear bar, the first U-board, the second U-board, arc, upper bracket, lower carriage, regulating tank, pulling force sensor, pressure transducer.Front bar top is equally spaced U-lag, it is ensured that the spacing of pressure stress point is identical every time, and is equally spaced in fracture seam both sides；Front bar bottom is fluted, can imbed holding wire；There is through hole front bar one end, is connected by front bolt and the first U-board；The front bar other end is threadeded with rear bar；Arc, the first U-board are threadeded with pressure transducer；Lower carriage two ends connecting plate has through hole, is fixed with regulating tank by sunk screw；Upper bracket, the second U-board are threadeded with pulling force sensor；Upper bracket can move in regulating tank, regulates support size.Doctor utilizes this device to complete femoral shaft stage casing fracture closed reduction under C arm machine, and Real-time Collection corrects the reset mechanical information of fracture fore-and-aft direction displacement.

Description

A non-invasive measurement device for closed reduction force of human long shaft bone fracture

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of surgical operation auxiliary machinery, and relates to a fracture reduction force measuring device mainly suitable for measuring long bone fracture reduction force.

Background technique

With the advent of Biological Osteosynthesis (BO), closed reduction and intramedullary nailing has become the gold standard treatment for femoral shaft fractures, the core of which is minimally invasive or non-invasive closed reduction. During the operation, the fracture ends that overlap and shift along the long axis of the femur are fully distracted with the help of a traction table, and then the doctor uses manipulation or instrumentation to obtain a temporary reduction, so that gold fingers or guide wires can be inserted into the marrow after reaming nails, and finally complete the locking of the distal and proximal ends. The entire operation is completed under the monitoring and guidance of the C-arm machine perspective, which brings iatrogenic radiation damage to doctors and patients; It is not an easy task, and it is even more challenging to maintain a satisfactory closed reduction state for a long time. Until today, how to avoid loss of reduction during surgery is still a difficult problem for trauma orthopedic surgeons. In view of this, scholars at home and abroad have begun to study mechanically assisted fracture reduction techniques, and have designed and manufactured several experimental femoral shaft fracture reduction mechanical devices, but most of these fracture assisted reduction devices do not have a mechanical feedback mechanism.

Due to the limitation of medical ethics, coupled with the lack of mechanical measurement devices suitable for clinical use, it is difficult to collect the relevant mechanical parameters of the reduction force. Therefore, the biomechanical research of human fracture reduction has progressed slowly for many years. ThomasGosling designed a system for measuring the reduction force and moment of fracture reduction in body. The measurement system mainly includes external fixation pins, a three-dimensional force sensor, a handle and a computer. The root external fixation pin is fixed on the distal end of the fracture and connected to the sensor through a steel plate. By adjusting the handle to align the broken ends of the fracture, the sensor can collect the reset force and torque in real time and transmit them to the personal computer. The disadvantage of this system is that it is an invasive operation, and two external fixation pins need to be drilled into the femur, which brings unnecessary iatrogenic injury to the patient, and its application has great controversy and limitations.

The purpose of the present invention is to design a non-invasive mechanical measurement device for closed reduction of human long shaft fractures, which is especially suitable for simple femoral shaft fractures. While providing reliable fracture reduction function, the device can accurately measure relevant parameters of fracture reduction mechanics, does not hinder intraoperative fluoroscopy, does not cause additional harm to patients, and meets the requirements of clinical medical ethics. The measurement of these fracture biomechanical parameters and The analysis provides theoretical basis and clinical reference for the development of fracture-assisted reduction robot. The measuring device is low in cost, easy to operate, and can be adjusted in size to be suitable for patients of different sizes. It can be disassembled and disassembled quickly, which is convenient for aseptic disinfection, and the flat package is convenient for storage and portability.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The present invention provides a non-invasive human long bone with sufficient stability and adaptability, which can complete the fracture reduction of patients with different body types, and at the same time collect the required mechanical information of reduction, and provide data support for the development of fracture-assisted reduction robots. Fracture closed reduction force measuring device.

Technical solution: The device for measuring the closed reduction force of non-invasive human long shaft bone fractures of the present invention includes a front rod, a fracture proximal reduction pressure measurement assembly arranged at one end of the front rod, a rear rod connected to the other end of the front rod, and a middle part of the front rod. The distal end of the fracture reduction tension measurement assembly connected and located under the front rod;

The fracture proximal reduction pressure measurement assembly includes a first U-shaped plate, a pressure sensor, and an arc-shaped plate that are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The top end of the first U-shaped plate is hinged to one end of the front rod, and the arc-shaped The arc-shaped opening of the plate is downward, and the arc-shaped plate is installed and connected to the bottom surface of the pressure sensor through the first boss provided on the upper side;

The fracture distal reduction tensile force measurement assembly includes a second U-shaped plate, a tension sensor, an upper bracket and a lower bracket, which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and two adjustment slots arranged on the lower bracket, the upper bracket and the lower bracket. The brackets are all U-shaped opening structures, and the openings of the two are relatively connected to form an integral bracket. The two adjustment grooves are symmetrically arranged on the upper ends of the two vertical connecting plates of the lower bracket, and the vertical connecting plate of the upper bracket is inserted into the adjustment groove and tightened The screw is fixed, and the upper end is installed and connected to the bottom surface of the tension sensor through the second boss provided on the upper side; the upper side of the front rod is provided with U-shaped grooves distributed equidistantly, and the upper end of the second U-shaped plate is fixed by bolts Connected in U-shaped groove.

In a preferred solution of the device of the present invention, the lower side of the front rod is provided with a groove for placing the signal line of the pressure sensor.

In a preferred solution of the device of the present invention, one end of the rear rod is connected to the front rod through threads, and the other end is provided with a handle.

In the preferred solution of the device of the present invention, the lower end of the upper bracket can be adjusted up and down in the adjustment groove, and fixed with a set screw after being adjusted in place; the upper end of the second U-shaped plate can be adjusted in the axial direction of the front rod, And after being adjusted in place, it is fixedly connected in the U-shaped groove by bolts.

In the preferred solution of the device of the present invention, the two vertical connecting plates of the lower bracket are provided with through holes equidistantly arranged in the vertical direction, and the adjustment groove is fixed at the through hole at the upper end of the lower bracket by countersunk screws.

In a preferred solution of the device of the present invention, the two vertical connecting plates of the upper support are provided with upper threaded through holes arranged equidistantly in the vertical direction.

Beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

The present invention is an on-body measuring device for the closed reduction force of human long shaft bone fracture, which can be directly measured in the fracture reduction operation process of a patient, has non-invasive operation, does no harm to the human body, and has simple measurement operation. However, the existing technology basically measures healthy volunteers, and cannot measure the reduction mechanics of fracture patients. Since the in-body measurement device is a living body measurement performed in a clinical state, the measurement data obtained are highly reliable. more accurately reflect the actual situation. There are very few reports on in vivo measurement of fracture reduction mechanics information at home and abroad. Some reduction force measurements use two Kirschner wires and sensors connected to both sides of a fixed plate, and then insert the Kirschner wires into the affected limb to experience the reset process. The changes in muscle force are transmitted to the computer through the sensor for post-processing. Although it is measured in the body, it will cause additional harm to the patient; Experiments were carried out on healthy volunteers, but not used in clinical practice, and the reference value of the obtained data is limited.

The front bar of the measuring device is connected with the arc-shaped plate through the first U-shaped plate and the pressure sensor to form a fracture proximal reset pressure measuring device, which is placed on the upper part of the body surface of the proximal fracture; The bracket is connected by the second U-shaped plate, the tension sensor, and the adjustment groove to form a tension measuring device for the reduction of the distal end of the fracture, which is set outside the body surface of the distal end of the fracture. for extra damage. At the same time, in the measurement device of the present invention, the vertical connecting plates on both sides of the upper bracket can move in the adjustment groove to adapt to patients of different sizes, and the signal acquisition device (including acquisition card and wireless transmission module) of the present invention is placed in the rear pole , which can collect the mechanical information during the reset process in real time and transmit it to the PC for later processing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of assembly in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front rod in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of an application example in the present invention.

In the figure there are: front rod 1, rear rod 2, arc plate 3, upper bracket 4, lower bracket 5, adjustment slot 6, first U-shaped plate 7, second U-shaped plate 8, tension sensor 9, pressure sensor 10 , Front bolt 15, rear bolt 16, end cover 17, set screw 18 and countersunk head screw 19.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the non-invasive human long shaft bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device of the present invention, including a front rod 1, a rear rod 2, an arc plate 3, an upper bracket 4, a lower bracket 5, an adjustment groove 6, and a first U-shaped plate 7. The second U-shaped plate 8, the tension sensor 9, the pressure sensor 10, the front bolt 15, the rear bolt 16, the end cover 17, the set screw 18 and the countersunk screw 19. The front rod 1 includes U-shaped grooves 101 equidistantly distributed, front through holes 102 and external threads 103. There is a groove 104 on the lower side of the front rod 1, which can be embedded in the signal line of the pressure sensor 10; the rear rod 2 is hollow and can be placed inside Power supply, signal acquisition card, wireless transmission module, one end has internal thread 202 to cooperate with the external thread 103 of front bar 1, the other end is handle 201, available end cover 17 seals; A front threaded hole 302 is arranged on a boss 301; a second boss 401 is arranged on the upper side of the upper bracket 4, and a rear threaded hole 402 is arranged on the second boss 401; The upper threaded through holes 403; the vertical connecting plates on both sides of the lower bracket 5 have through holes 501 equidistantly distributed; the lower threaded through holes 601 are equidistantly distributed on the adjusting groove 6.

Fig. 2 is the assembly relationship diagram of the closed reduction force measuring device for non-invasive human long shaft bone fracture: the front rod 1 is connected with the first U-shaped plate 7 with the front bolt 15 at the front through hole 102; the arc-shaped plate 3 passes through the first boss 301 The front threaded hole 302 on the top is threadedly connected with the pressure sensor 10; the front rod 1 and the arc-shaped plate 3 are connected through the first U-shaped plate 7 and the pressure sensor 10 to form a fracture proximal reset pressure measurement device; the front rod 1 is in the U-shaped groove 101 is hinged with the second U-shaped plate 8; the upper bracket 4 is threaded with the tension sensor 9 through the rear threaded hole 402 on the second boss 401; the lower bracket 5 is connected with the adjustment groove 6 at the through hole 501 through the countersunk screw 19 Fixed; the front rod 1 is connected with the upper support 4 and the lower support 5 in the U-shaped groove 101 through the second U-shaped plate 8, the tension sensor 9, and the adjustment groove 6 to form a fracture distal reset tension measurement device.

Fig. 4 is the specific application of the non-invasive human long shaft bone fracture closed reduction force measurement device in the reduction of femoral shaft fracture: before the experimental test, the information acquisition card, wireless transmission module, and battery are loaded into the rear rod 2, and connected with the front rod 1 Threaded connection; then connect the first U-shaped plate 7, the pressure sensor 10, and the arc plate 3 in sequence at the front through hole 102 of the front rod 1, and connect the second U-shaped plate in sequence at the U-shaped groove 101 of the front rod 1 8. Tension sensor 9, upper bracket 4, adjustment groove 6, and lower bracket 5, wherein the lower bracket 5 and the adjustment groove 6 are fixed with countersunk screws 19 to complete the pre-assembly work of the measuring device; place the patient on the traction bed, and put the patient The lateral foot is fixed on the footboard of the traction table, and various preoperative inspections are done well; the footboard is pulled with the help of CT images to fully pull away the fracture ends that overlap and shift along the long axis of the femur; the arc-shaped plate 3 is placed near the femur. The upper part of the body surface, the distal end of the femur is set in the bracket composed of the upper bracket 4 and the lower bracket 5; the vertical connecting plates on both sides of the upper bracket 4 can move up and down in the adjustment groove 6, and the size of the bracket is adjusted to an appropriate position according to the patient's body shape. Fix with set screw 18; by adjusting the position of bolt 16 in U-shaped groove 101, to ensure that the distance between each tension point is the same, and equidistantly distributed on both sides of the fracture; Hold the handle 201 with one hand and lift it up, and press the front through hole 102 end of the front rod 1 with the other hand until the distal and proximal ends of the femur are aligned and reset; The mechanical information is transmitted to the PC through the wireless transmission module for post-processing; the entire reset process is completed under the monitoring of the C-arm machine 21, and the doctor holds the handle 201 to reset, avoiding direct exposure to X-rays.

The above embodiments are only further specific descriptions of the solutions of the present invention. After reading the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can modify and replace various equivalent forms of the claims of the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention. The latter technical solutions all belong to the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. a noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device, it is characterized in that, this measurement apparatus includes front bar (1), is arranged on fracture near-end reset the pressure measuring assemblies rear bar (2) being connected with front bar (1) other end and the fracture far-end reset tension measurement assembly being connected and being positioned at front bar (1) lower section in the middle part of front bar (1) of described front bar (1) one end；

Described fracture near-end reset pressure measuring assemblies includes being sequentially connected with first U-board (7) of setting, pressure transducer (10) and arc (3) from top to bottom, the top of described first U-board (7) is hinged with front bar (1) one end, the arc opening of described arc (3) is downward, and arc (3) installs the bottom surface being connected to pressure transducer (10) by the first boss (301) that upper side is arranged；

Described fracture far-end reset tension measurement assembly includes the second U-board (8) being sequentially connected with setting from top to bottom, pulling force sensor (9), upper bracket (4) and lower carriage (5), and two regulating tanks (6) being arranged on lower carriage (5), described upper bracket (4) and lower carriage (5) are U-shaped hatch frame, both are connected as an integral support by opening relatively, said two regulating tank (6) is symmetricly set on two vertical connecting plate upper ends of lower carriage (5), the vertical connecting plate of upper bracket (4) inserts regulating tank (6) and fixes with holding screw (18), the bottom surface being connected to pulling force sensor (9) is installed in upper end by the second boss (401) that upper side is arranged；The upside of described front bar (1) is provided with the U-lag (101) being equally spaced, and the upper end of described second U-board (8) is bolted to connection in U-lag (101).

2. according to the noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the downside of described front bar (1) is provided with the groove (104) for placement force sensor (10) holding wire.

3. according to the noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that one end of described rear bar (2) is connected with front bar (1) by screw thread, and the other end is provided with handle (201).

4. according to the noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the lower end of described upper bracket (4) can move up and down adjustment in regulating tank (6), and fixes with holding screw (18) after being adjusted in place；The upper end of described second U-board (8) can move axially adjustment in front bar (1), and is bolted to connection after being adjusted in place in U-lag (101).

5. according to the noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that, two vertical connecting plates of described lower carriage (5) are provided with the through hole (501) of vertical direction equidistant arrangement, and described regulating tank (6) is fixed on through hole (501) place of lower carriage (5) upper end by sunk screw (19).

6. according to the noinvasive human body long bone fracture closed reduction force measuring device described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that two vertical connecting plates of described upper bracket (4) are provided with the upper tapped through hole (403) of vertical direction equidistant arrangement.