CN104317350A - Method for controlling flowing of magnetic liquid - Google Patents
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- CN104317350A CN104317350A CN201410536586.3A CN201410536586A CN104317350A CN 104317350 A CN104317350 A CN 104317350A CN 201410536586 A CN201410536586 A CN 201410536586A CN 104317350 A CN104317350 A CN 104317350A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种控制磁性液体流动的方法，包括如下步骤：a．将磁场发生装置对称布置于通道容器两侧，将磁性液体置于通道容器内；b．磁场发生装置产生梯度磁场，调节梯度磁场的梯度方向，当磁场发生装置产生的梯度磁场的梯度方向与磁性液体流动方向相同时，磁性液体内磁性纳米颗粒在磁力的作用下，流动速度加快；当磁场发生装置产生的梯度磁场的梯度方向与磁性液体流动方向相反时，磁性液体内磁性纳米颗粒在磁力的作用下，流动速度减慢；通过调节磁场梯度的大小，来进一步达到控制磁性液体流动的目的。本发明结构新颖，方法独特，在热交换器、冷却回路与能量转换领域有广泛的科学和应用价值。
The present invention relates to a method for controlling the flow of magnetic liquid, comprising the following steps: a. Arranging the magnetic field generating device symmetrically on both sides of the channel container, and placing the magnetic liquid in the channel container; b. The magnetic field generating device generates a gradient magnetic field, and adjusts the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field. When the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device is the same as the flow direction of the magnetic liquid, the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic liquid flow faster under the action of magnetic force; when When the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device is opposite to the flow direction of the magnetic liquid, the flow speed of the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic liquid will be slowed down under the action of the magnetic force; by adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic field gradient, the flow of the magnetic liquid can be further controlled. Purpose. The invention has a novel structure and a unique method, and has extensive scientific and application values in the fields of heat exchangers, cooling circuits and energy conversion.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种控制磁性液体流动的方法，属于流体流动控制方法领域。 The invention relates to a method for controlling the flow of magnetic liquid, belonging to the field of fluid flow control methods.
背景技术 Background technique
随着对换热设备强化传热技术研究的深入，换热工质的低导热系数已成为研究开发新一代高效冷却技术的主要障碍。为进一步研制体积小、重量轻、传热性能好的高效紧凑式换热设备以满足高热负荷传热要求，必须从工质本身入手提高其导热系数。由于固体颗粒的导热系数比液体可以大几个量级，提高液体导热系数的一种有效方式是在液体中添加金属、非金属或聚合物固体悬浮颗粒，其液体有效导热系数将比纯液体的导热系数有很大提高。但毫米或微米级的粒子在实际应用中容易引起磨损、堵塞等不良结果，限制了添加悬浮颗粒的流体在工业中的实际应用。纳米颗粒，即粒子尺寸为1-100 nm的微颗粒，由于具有独特的光学、电学和化学特性，并能减小与壁面的磨损，使得纳米颗粒添加到工业上常用的一些传热流体。磁性液体是借助于表面活性剂的作用，将纳米级的磁性粒子均匀分散在基载液中而形成的稳定胶体，在重力场和磁场作用下人能保持长期稳定。磁性液体因其独特的磁流变特性，被认为是材料科学领域最具有发展潜力的新型智能材料，也作为一种良好的传热流体被使用。如果能精确地控制磁性流体的流动，则在控制热交换效率等方面有很大的进步。 With the in-depth research on enhanced heat transfer technology of heat exchange equipment, the low thermal conductivity of heat exchange working medium has become the main obstacle to the research and development of a new generation of high-efficiency cooling technology. In order to further develop high-efficiency compact heat exchange equipment with small size, light weight and good heat transfer performance to meet the heat transfer requirements of high heat load, it is necessary to improve the thermal conductivity of the working fluid itself. Since the thermal conductivity of solid particles can be several orders of magnitude larger than that of liquids, an effective way to increase the thermal conductivity of liquids is to add metal, non-metallic or polymer solid suspended particles to the liquid, and the effective thermal conductivity of the liquid will be higher than that of pure liquids. The thermal conductivity has been greatly improved. However, millimeter or micron-sized particles are likely to cause adverse results such as wear and clogging in practical applications, which limits the practical application of fluids with suspended particles in industry. Nanoparticles, that is, microparticles with a particle size of 1-100 nm, have unique optical, electrical and chemical properties, and can reduce wear with the wall, making nanoparticles added to some heat transfer fluids commonly used in industry. The magnetic liquid is a stable colloid formed by uniformly dispersing nano-sized magnetic particles in the base carrier liquid with the help of surfactants. It can maintain long-term stability under the action of gravity field and magnetic field. Because of its unique magnetorheological properties, magnetic fluid is considered to be a new type of smart material with the most development potential in the field of material science, and it is also used as a good heat transfer fluid. If the flow of magnetic fluid can be precisely controlled, there will be great progress in controlling heat exchange efficiency and so on.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种控制磁性液体流动的方法。提出在容器内流动的磁性流体外部施加梯度磁场，通过控制梯度磁场的梯度大小和梯度方向，达到控制磁性流体流动的目的，通过控制磁性流体的流动，可以控制热交换的效率。 Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the flow of magnetic liquid. It is proposed to apply a gradient magnetic field outside the magnetic fluid flowing in the container. By controlling the gradient size and gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field, the purpose of controlling the flow of the magnetic fluid is achieved. By controlling the flow of the magnetic fluid, the efficiency of heat exchange can be controlled.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案： To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种控制磁性液体流动的方法，包括如下步骤： A method of controlling the flow of a magnetic fluid, comprising the steps of:
a．将磁场发生装置对称布置于通道容器两侧，将磁性液体置于通道容器内； a. The magnetic field generators are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the channel container, and the magnetic liquid is placed in the channel container;
b．磁场发生装置产生梯度磁场，调节梯度磁场的梯度方向，当磁场发生装置产生的梯度磁场的梯度方向与磁性液体流动方向相同时，磁性液体内磁性纳米颗粒在磁力的作用下，流动速度加快；当磁场发生装置产生的梯度磁场的梯度方向与磁性液体流动方向相反时，磁性液体内磁性纳米颗粒在磁力的作用下，流动速度减慢；通过调节磁场梯度的大小，来进一步达到控制磁性液体流动的目的。 b. The magnetic field generating device generates a gradient magnetic field, and adjusts the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field. When the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device is the same as the flow direction of the magnetic liquid, the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic liquid are under the action of magnetic force, and the flow speed is accelerated; when When the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device is opposite to the flow direction of the magnetic liquid, the flow speed of the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic liquid will slow down under the action of the magnetic force; by adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic field gradient, the flow of the magnetic liquid can be further controlled. Purpose.
所述磁性液体是借助于表面活性剂的作用，将磁性纳米颗粒均匀分散在基载液中而形成的稳定胶体；所述磁性纳米颗粒为铁磁性或其他的磁性颗粒，所述基载液为水基或油基。 The magnetic liquid is a stable colloid formed by uniformly dispersing magnetic nanoparticles in the base carrier liquid by means of a surfactant; the magnetic nanoparticles are ferromagnetic or other magnetic particles, and the base carrier liquid is Water based or oil based.
本发明与现有技术相比较，具有显而易见的突出实质性特点： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has obvious outstanding substantive features:
本发明结构新颖，方法独特，在热交换器、冷却回路与能量转换领域有广泛的科学和应用价值。 The invention has a novel structure and a unique method, and has extensive scientific and application values in the fields of heat exchangers, cooling circuits and energy conversion.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明方法使用的装置示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device used in the method of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步详细描述。 Embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1 Example 1
如图1所示，一种控制磁性液体流动的方法，包括如下步骤： As shown in Figure 1, a method for controlling the flow of magnetic fluid comprises the steps:
a．将磁场发生装置1对称布置于通道容器2两侧，将磁性液体3置于通道容器2内； a. The magnetic field generating device 1 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the channel container 2, and the magnetic liquid 3 is placed in the channel container 2;
b．磁场发生装置1产生梯度磁场，调节梯度磁场的梯度方向，当磁场发生装置1产生的梯度磁场的梯度方向与磁性液体3流动方向相同时，磁性液体3内磁性纳米颗粒在磁力的作用下，流动速度加快；当磁场发生装置1产生的梯度磁场的梯度方向与磁性液体3流动方向相反时，磁性液体3内磁性纳米颗粒在磁力的作用下，流动速度减慢；通过调节磁场梯度的大小，来进一步达到控制磁性液体3流动的目的。 b. The magnetic field generating device 1 generates a gradient magnetic field, and adjusts the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field. When the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device 1 is the same as the flow direction of the magnetic liquid 3, the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic liquid 3 flow under the action of magnetic force. Speed up; when the gradient direction of the gradient magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device 1 is opposite to the flow direction of the magnetic liquid 3, the flow speed of the magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic liquid 3 will be slowed down under the action of the magnetic force; by adjusting the size of the magnetic field gradient, to The purpose of controlling the flow of the magnetic liquid 3 is further achieved.
本实施例中，所述磁场发生装置1采用直流电源供电，磁性液体3采用水基Fe3O4磁性液体。 In this embodiment, the magnetic field generator 1 is powered by a DC power supply, and the magnetic liquid 3 is a water-based Fe 3 O 4 magnetic liquid.
实施例2 Example 2
本实施例与实施例1的实施方案基本相同，不同之处在于： The embodiment of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that:
本实施例中，所述磁场发生装置1采用交流电源供电，磁性液体3采用油基FeSO4磁性液体。 In this embodiment, the magnetic field generating device 1 is powered by an AC power supply, and the magnetic fluid 3 is an oil-based FeSO 4 magnetic fluid.
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| CN106581850A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 重庆大学 | Movement controlling and recycling method for magnetic particles in complex pore structure |
| CN107315317A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-03 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Mask repair device, light shield mending method and light shield repair glue |
| CN109503016A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-22 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Acrylates with magnetosensitive thickening power reinforces the application method of slurries |
| CN109653215A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of application method of the reinforcing slurries with magnetosensitive thickening power |
| CN110455084A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | A kind of magnetism powder dispersing method |
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