CN104436953A - High-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur groove tail gas pretreatment device - Google Patents
High-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur groove tail gas pretreatment device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- QMMZSJPSPRTHGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N MDEA Natural products CC(C)CCCCC=CCC=CC(O)=O QMMZSJPSPRTHGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置，属于克劳斯塔尾气处理技术领域。该装置包括冷却塔、管式过滤塔以及冷凝器，所述冷却塔的第一排液口与所述管式过滤塔的第一进液口相连，所述管式过滤塔的第二排液口与所述冷凝器的第二进液口相连，所述冷凝器的排出口与所述冷却塔的第三进液口相连。该装置操作方便、耐腐蚀、耐高温、具有高效抗堵和除雾性的适于工业应用。
The invention discloses a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device, which belongs to the technical field of Clausta tail gas treatment. The device comprises a cooling tower, a tubular filter tower and a condenser, the first liquid outlet of the cooling tower is connected with the first liquid inlet of the tubular filter tower, and the second liquid discharge of the tubular filter tower is The port is connected with the second liquid inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the third liquid inlet of the cooling tower. The device is easy to operate, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant, highly efficient anti-clogging and defogging, and is suitable for industrial applications.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于克劳斯塔尾气处理技术领域，具体涉及一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of Clausta tail gas treatment, and in particular relates to a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device.
背景技术Background technique
随着国家对燃料油的含硫量的控制日趋严格，有效的处理石油炼制过程产生的H2S等含硫尾气，已经越来越引起人们的重视。石油炼制过程产生的H2S等含硫尾气的毒性较大，如果不加以再处理就直接排放到空气中，会造成大气环境质量严重的下降。As the country's control over the sulfur content of fuel oil is becoming increasingly strict, the effective treatment of sulfur-containing tail gas such as H 2 S produced in the petroleum refining process has attracted more and more attention. The sulfur-containing tail gas such as H 2 S produced in the petroleum refining process is highly toxic. If it is directly discharged into the air without further treatment, it will cause a serious decline in the quality of the atmospheric environment.
由于克劳斯尾气硫磺回收工艺简单成熟，目前大部分炼油厂都采用该工艺回收硫，采用的克劳斯工艺为：制硫-制硫尾气-加氢还原-MDEA吸收净化-尾气由吸收塔顶排至尾气焚烧炉焚烧-降温至300℃后经烟囱排入大气。由于过程中操作的不稳定，吸收塔塔顶出来的含H2S最高浓度可达500mg/Nm3，2012年国家环保部发布新的工业大气排放标准《GB 16171-2012》，要求H2S的排放浓度限值为3mg/Nm3，目前，较多炼油厂采用焚烧法来处理尾气，但是尾气的焚烧消耗燃气，还会排放大量的CO2温室气体。Because the Claus tail gas sulfur recovery process is simple and mature, most refineries currently adopt this process to recover sulfur. The Claus process used is: sulfur production - sulfur production tail gas - hydrogenation reduction - MDEA absorption and purification - tail gas from the absorption tower Top discharge to the tail gas incinerator for incineration - after cooling down to 300°C, it is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney. Due to the unstable operation in the process, the highest concentration of H 2 S from the top of the absorption tower can reach 500mg/Nm 3 . In 2012, the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued a new industrial air emission standard "GB 16171-2012", requiring H 2 S The emission concentration limit is 3mg/Nm 3 . At present, many refineries use incineration to treat tail gas, but the incineration of tail gas consumes gas and emits a large amount of CO 2 greenhouse gas.
近年，超微细分散配合吸收处理方法开始广泛应用于石油行业的脱硫技术中，超微细分散配合吸收处理方法是将克劳斯尾气含硫烟气与经过二次分散超微细分散式配合氧化吸收结合，将其氧化为硫磺，反应后的配体氧化剂复合体，经过再生继续循环使用。该法具有操作简单、脱硫效率高等特点，但是劳斯液硫槽尾气中带有硫单质，容易堵塞超微细分散器，而且过高的温度和过高的湿度会损坏吸收装置，从而影响脱硫效率，带来不必要的经济损失。In recent years, the ultra-fine dispersion combined absorption treatment method has been widely used in the desulfurization technology of the petroleum industry. , to oxidize it to sulfur, and the reacted ligand-oxidant complex will continue to be recycled after regeneration. This method has the characteristics of simple operation and high desulfurization efficiency, but the tail gas of the Rolls liquid sulfur tank contains sulfur element, which is easy to block the ultra-fine disperser, and the high temperature and high humidity will damage the absorption device, thereby affecting the desulfurization efficiency. , causing unnecessary economic losses.
目前国内采用的冷却装置主要是室外冷却塔的自然冷却装置，该装置通过管道内的冷却剂与管道外的高温气体通过管道壁的传热从而达到热交换的目的，吸收热量后的冷却剂在户外自然冷却塔中通过风冷自然冷却，该装置具有制冷剂可循环的特点，但是自然冷却法需要修建室外冷却塔、泵房等建筑，占地面积大，而且自然冷却法冷却效果差，无法达到工业需求；国内常见的除湿装置有：丝网除雾器和波形板除雾器。其中丝网除雾器空隙较小，除雾效果好，但抗堵性较差而且不耐腐蚀；波形板除雾器抗堵性好，但空隙较大，除雾效果较差。At present, the cooling device used in China is mainly the natural cooling device of the outdoor cooling tower. This device achieves the purpose of heat exchange through the heat transfer between the coolant in the pipeline and the high-temperature gas outside the pipeline through the wall of the pipeline. The coolant after absorbing heat is in the The outdoor natural cooling tower is naturally cooled by air cooling. This device has the characteristics of refrigerant circulation, but the natural cooling method requires the construction of outdoor cooling towers, pump rooms and other buildings, which occupy a large area, and the cooling effect of the natural cooling method is poor, so it cannot Meet industrial needs; domestic common dehumidification devices are: wire mesh demister and corrugated plate demister. Among them, the wire mesh demister has a small gap and good demisting effect, but has poor blocking resistance and is not corrosion resistant; the corrugated plate demister has good blocking resistance, but the gap is large and the demisting effect is poor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决上述问题而提供了一种操作方便、耐腐蚀、耐高温、具有高效抗堵和除雾性的适于工业应用的高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置。The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device suitable for industrial application, which is easy to operate, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant, highly effective in anti-blocking and defogging.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置，包括冷却塔、管式过滤塔以及冷凝器，所述冷却塔的第一排液口与所述管式过滤塔的第一进液口相连，所述管式过滤塔的第二排液口与所述冷凝器的第二进液口相连，所述冷凝器的排出口与所述冷却塔的第三进液口相连。A high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device, including a cooling tower, a tubular filter tower and a condenser, the first liquid outlet of the cooling tower and the first liquid inlet of the tubular filter tower The second liquid outlet of the tubular filter tower is connected with the second liquid inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the third liquid inlet of the cooling tower.
进一步地，所述冷却塔的顶部安装有顶盖，所述顶盖上设置有排气口，所述冷却塔的底部设置有第一排液口，所述冷却塔的一侧设置有第三进液口和进气口，所述第三进液口通过管道与喷淋器相连，所述喷淋器在所述冷却塔内部，所述喷淋器下方固定有镂空挡板，所述镂空挡板上放置有镍钛合金拉西环，所述镂空挡板的下方安装有曝气板，所述曝气板与所述进气口通过管道相连，所述喷淋器上方安装有波形叶片除雾器，所述波形叶片除雾器上方安装有丝网除雾器。Further, a top cover is installed on the top of the cooling tower, an exhaust port is provided on the top cover, a first liquid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cooling tower, and a third discharge port is provided on one side of the cooling tower. A liquid inlet and an air inlet, the third liquid inlet is connected to a shower through a pipe, the shower is inside the cooling tower, a hollow baffle is fixed under the shower, and the hollow A nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring is placed on the baffle, an aeration plate is installed under the hollow baffle, the aeration plate is connected to the air inlet through a pipe, and a wave blade is installed above the sprayer A demister, a wire mesh demister is installed above the waveform blade demister.
进一步地，所述顶盖通过法兰与所述冷却塔的顶部连接；所述进气口在所述进液口下方；所述镂空挡通过焊接的方式固定在所述冷却塔内部，所述镂空挡板上均匀分布有孔洞；所述冷却塔上开有观察口。Further, the top cover is connected to the top of the cooling tower through a flange; the air inlet is below the liquid inlet; the hollow block is fixed inside the cooling tower by welding, the Holes are uniformly distributed on the hollow baffle; observation ports are opened on the cooling tower.
优选地，所述波形叶片除雾器和所述丝网除雾器的材料为镍钛合金材料。Preferably, the wave blade demister and the wire mesh demister are made of nickel-titanium alloy.
进一步地，所述管式过滤塔为双塔结构，所述两个过滤塔通过所述第一进液口和所述第二排液口连接，所述管式过滤塔的底部安装有过滤塔底盘，所述第一进液口与所述过滤塔底盘连接，所述管式过滤塔一侧的上部安装有第二排液口，所述管式过滤塔内焊接有挡板，所述挡板上固定管式过滤器。Further, the tubular filter tower has a double-tower structure, and the two filter towers are connected through the first liquid inlet and the second liquid discharge port, and a filter tower is installed at the bottom of the tubular filter tower Chassis, the first liquid inlet is connected to the chassis of the filter tower, the upper part of one side of the tubular filter tower is equipped with a second liquid discharge port, the tubular filter tower is welded with a baffle, the baffle A tubular filter is fixed on the plate.
优选地，所述第一进液口在所述过滤塔底盘的中心位置。Preferably, the first liquid inlet is at the center of the bottom plate of the filter tower.
优选地，所述过滤塔底盘通过法兰与所述管式过滤塔的底部连接。Preferably, the bottom plate of the filter tower is connected to the bottom of the tubular filter tower through a flange.
优选地，所述挡板的数量为两个，所述挡板的形状为三角形；所述挡板在离所述塔身底部50～100mm处，两个三角挡板的位置高度等高，两个三角档板的连线，过管式过滤塔的中轴线。Preferably, the number of the baffles is two, and the shape of the baffles is triangular; the baffles are located 50-100 mm away from the bottom of the tower, and the heights of the two triangular baffles are equal. The connecting line of a triangular baffle passes through the central axis of the tubular filter tower.
进一步地，所述管式过滤器通过支架固定在所述挡板上，所述管式过滤器与所述管式过滤塔的中心线重合。Further, the tubular filter is fixed on the baffle through a bracket, and the tubular filter coincides with the center line of the tubular filter tower.
优选地，所述第二进液口和所述排出口的位置在所述冷凝器的两侧，所述排出口与所述第三排液口之间安装有输液泵。Preferably, the positions of the second liquid inlet and the outlet are on both sides of the condenser, and an infusion pump is installed between the outlet and the third outlet.
本发明具有以下优点：The present invention has the following advantages:
1)本装置结构简单，易操作，通过开关阀门即可达到高温高湿克劳斯尾气预处理的目的。1) The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can achieve the purpose of high-temperature and high-humidity Claus exhaust gas pretreatment by switching the valve.
2)拉西环填料层和除雾装置均采用镍钛合金材料，该材料具有较好的耐腐蚀、耐高温性能，使该除雾装置和填料层具有更好的耐腐蚀性。2) Both the Raschig ring packing layer and the demisting device are made of nickel-titanium alloy material, which has good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, so that the demisting device and the packing layer have better corrosion resistance.
3)本装置进气口采用曝气孔孔向向下的曝气板进气，有利于克劳斯尾气的均匀分布，曝气孔孔向向下，可以有效防止生成的单质硫掉入曝气板中，堵塞曝气口。3) The air inlet of the device adopts aeration holes to enter the downward aeration plate, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of Claus tail gas. The aeration holes are directed downward, which can effectively prevent the generated elemental sulfur from falling into the aeration plate. In the air plate, block the aeration port.
4)除雾装置采用波形叶片除雾器和丝网除雾器的组合装置，组合装置不仅具有良好的抗堵性，而且具有较高的除雾性。4) The demisting device adopts a combination device of a wave blade demister and a wire mesh demister. The combined device not only has good anti-blocking performance, but also has a high demisting performance.
5)本装置的冷却装置为镍钛合金拉西环填料层，在镍钛合金拉西环填料层内，冷却液可以直接、充分的和高温高湿克劳斯尾气相接触，使得冷却效果较好，而且喷淋的液体持续流过填料层，可以有效的防止填料层的堵塞。5) The cooling device of this device is a nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring packing layer. In the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring packing layer, the cooling liquid can directly and fully contact the high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas, so that the cooling effect is better. Well, and the spray liquid continues to flow through the packing layer, which can effectively prevent the packing layer from clogging.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1提供的一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1提供的一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置中管式过滤塔的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a tubular filter tower in a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例1提供的一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置中曝气板的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an aeration plate in a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例1提供的一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置中镂空挡板的结构示意图.Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow baffle in a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
参照图1至图4，一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置，包括冷却塔7、管式过滤塔19以及冷凝器22。冷却塔的高度为1100mm，直径为550mm。冷却塔7的第一排液口12与管式过滤塔19的第一进液口16相连，管式过滤塔19的第二排液口20与冷凝器22的第二进液口21相连，冷凝器22的排出口23与冷却塔7的第三进液口1相连。Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4 , a high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device includes a cooling tower 7 , a tubular filter tower 19 and a condenser 22 . The cooling tower has a height of 1100mm and a diameter of 550mm. The first liquid outlet 12 of the cooling tower 7 is connected with the first liquid inlet 16 of the tubular filter tower 19, and the second liquid outlet 20 of the tubular filter tower 19 is connected with the second liquid inlet 21 of the condenser 22, The outlet 23 of the condenser 22 is connected with the third liquid inlet 1 of the cooling tower 7 .
顶盖2通过法兰与冷却塔7固定连接，顶盖2上设置有排气口3。冷却塔7的底部设置有第一排液口12。冷却塔7的一侧设置有第三进液口1和进气口13，进气口13在第三进液口1下方。第三进液口7通过管道与喷淋器6相连，喷淋器6在冷却塔7内部。喷淋器7下方500mm处焊接有镂空挡板6，镂空挡板6上均匀分布有孔洞，孔洞的直径为20mm。镂空挡板9上放置有镍钛合金拉西环8，镍钛合金拉西环8的高度为150mm。镂空挡板9的下方安装有曝气板10，曝气板10与进气口13通过管道相连。曝气板10的曝气孔直径为170mm，曝气孔孔口朝下。冷却塔7上开有观察口11。喷淋器6上方安装有波形叶片除雾器5，波形叶片除雾器5上方安装有丝网除雾器4。波形叶片除雾器5和丝网除雾器4的材料为镍钛合金材料。The top cover 2 is fixedly connected with the cooling tower 7 through a flange, and the top cover 2 is provided with an exhaust port 3 . The bottom of the cooling tower 7 is provided with a first liquid outlet 12 . One side of the cooling tower 7 is provided with a third liquid inlet 1 and an air inlet 13 , and the air inlet 13 is below the third liquid inlet 1 . The third liquid inlet 7 is connected to the shower 6 through a pipeline, and the shower 6 is inside the cooling tower 7 . A hollow baffle 6 is welded 500 mm below the sprinkler 7, and holes are evenly distributed on the hollow baffle 6, and the diameter of the holes is 20 mm. A nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 is placed on the hollow baffle 9, and the height of the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 is 150 mm. An aeration plate 10 is installed below the hollow baffle plate 9, and the aeration plate 10 is connected to the air inlet 13 through a pipeline. The diameter of the aeration hole of the aeration plate 10 is 170mm, and the orifice of the aeration hole is downward. The cooling tower 7 has an observation port 11 . A corrugated vane demister 5 is installed above the sprinkler 6 , and a wire mesh demister 4 is installed above the corrugated vane demister 5 . The materials of the corrugated vane demister 5 and the wire mesh demister 4 are nickel-titanium alloy materials.
管式过滤塔19为双塔结构，管式过滤塔19的高度为1200mm，径高比为1：6。两个过滤塔19通过第一进液口16和第二排液口20连接。管式过滤塔19的底部通过法兰与过滤塔底盘17连接。第一进液口16与过滤塔底盘17连接，第一进液口16在过滤塔底盘17的中心位置。第一排液口12和第一进液口16之间安装有过滤输液泵14和第一阀门15管式过滤塔17一侧的上部安装有第二排液口20。管式过滤塔17内焊接有两个三角形挡板18，挡板18在离塔身底部100mm处，两个三角挡板18的位置高度等高，两个三角档板18的连线，过管式过滤塔的中轴线。管式过滤器26通过材料为高分子聚合物的支架固定在挡板18上。管式过滤器26与管式过滤塔19的中心线重合。管式过滤器26的高度为700mm，径高比为1：6。The tubular filter tower 19 has a double-tower structure, the height of the tubular filter tower 19 is 1200 mm, and the ratio of diameter to height is 1:6. The two filter towers 19 are connected through a first liquid inlet 16 and a second liquid discharge 20 . The bottom of the tubular filter tower 19 is connected with the filter tower bottom plate 17 through a flange. The first liquid inlet 16 is connected to the bottom plate 17 of the filter tower, and the first liquid inlet 16 is at the center of the bottom plate 17 of the filter tower. A filter infusion pump 14 and a first valve 15 are installed between the first liquid outlet 12 and the first liquid inlet 16 , and a second liquid outlet 20 is installed on the upper side of the tubular filter tower 17 . Two triangular baffles 18 are welded in the tubular filter tower 17. The baffles 18 are located 100 mm from the bottom of the tower body. The height of the two triangular baffles 18 is equal. The central axis of the filter tower. The tubular filter 26 is fixed on the baffle plate 18 through a bracket made of high molecular polymer. The centerline of the tubular filter 26 coincides with the tubular filter tower 19 . The height of the tubular filter 26 is 700 mm, and the ratio of diameter to height is 1:6.
冷凝器22第二进液口21和排出口23的位置在冷凝器7的两侧。排出口23与第三进液口之间安装有输液泵24和第二阀门25。The positions of the second liquid inlet 21 and the outlet 23 of the condenser 22 are on both sides of the condenser 7 . An infusion pump 24 and a second valve 25 are installed between the discharge port 23 and the third liquid inlet.
本装置的工作步骤是：The working steps of this device are:
(1)喷入冷却液(1) Spray into the coolant
将克劳斯尾气冷却液经输液泵24从冷却塔7上部的第三进液口1通过喷淋器6分散喷入冷却塔7内，喷入的冷却液的喷淋器6高出镍钛合金拉西环填料层8上平面300mm；The Claus tail gas coolant is dispersed and sprayed into the cooling tower 7 from the third liquid inlet 1 on the upper part of the cooling tower 7 through the sprayer 6 through the infusion pump 24, and the sprayer 6 of the sprayed coolant is higher than the nickel-titanium The upper plane of alloy Raschig ring packing layer 8 is 300mm;
(2)通入高温高湿克劳斯尾气(2) Passing high-temperature and high-humidity Claus exhaust gas
将高温高湿克劳斯尾气从冷却塔7底部的进气口13、通过曝气板10分散喷入冷却塔7中；The high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas is dispersed and sprayed into the cooling tower 7 from the air inlet 13 at the bottom of the cooling tower 7 through the aeration plate 10;
(3)气液接触(3) Gas-liquid contact
经过喷淋器6分散进入冷却塔7中的克劳斯尾气冷却吸收液与经过曝气板10进入冷却塔7中的高温高湿克劳斯尾气在镍钛合金拉西环8填料层中充分接触，产生热交换；The Claus tail gas cooling and absorbing liquid dispersed into the cooling tower 7 through the sprayer 6 and the high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas entering the cooling tower 7 through the aeration plate 10 are fully mixed in the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 packing layer. Contact, resulting in heat exchange;
(4)克劳斯尾气的除雾(4) Demisting of Claus exhaust
经过镍钛合金拉西环8填料层反应冷却后的克劳斯尾气分别通过波形叶片除雾器5，丝网除雾器4后，从排气口3排出冷却塔7；The Claus tail gas after reaction and cooling of the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 packing layer passes through the corrugated blade mist eliminator 5 and the wire mesh eliminator 4 respectively, and is discharged from the cooling tower 7 from the exhaust port 3;
(5)冷却吸收液的排放(5) Discharge of cooling and absorbing liquid
流过镍钛合金拉西环8填料层与高温高湿克劳斯尾气接触反应后的冷却吸收液，流到冷却塔7底部，储存在塔底，通过观察口11，使冷却塔7塔底的冷却液高度为150mm，过量的冷却吸收液通过第一排液口12排出冷却塔7；The cooling absorption liquid flowing through the packing layer of nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 and contacting and reacting with high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas flows to the bottom of the cooling tower 7 and is stored at the bottom of the tower. Through the observation port 11, the bottom of the cooling tower 7 The height of the cooling liquid is 150mm, and the excess cooling absorption liquid is discharged from the cooling tower 7 through the first liquid discharge port 12;
(6)冷却液的过滤(6) Filtration of coolant
排出冷却塔的过热冷却液经过过滤循环泵14从过滤第一进液口16进入管式过滤塔19，过热冷却液流过管式过滤器26时，所含固体杂质被过滤，滤液通过第二排液口排出管式过滤塔19，管式过滤器26中的固体杂质通过卸开管式过滤塔19的顶盖，取出管式过滤器26，进行清理。The superheated cooling liquid discharged from the cooling tower passes through the filter circulation pump 14 and enters the tubular filter tower 19 from the first filter liquid inlet 16. When the superheated cooling liquid flows through the tubular filter 26, the contained solid impurities are filtered, and the filtrate passes through the second filter. The liquid discharge port discharges the tubular filter tower 19, and the solid impurities in the tubular filter 26 are cleaned by removing the top cover of the tubular filter tower 19 and taking out the tubular filter 26.
(7)冷却液的循环(7) Circulation of coolant
过滤后的冷却液从第二进液口21进入冷凝器22，通过热交换后，降低温度，冷却后的冷却液在输液泵24的作用下，从排出口23排出冷凝器22。冷却后的冷却液在输液泵24的作用下从进入冷却塔7，按上述步骤，循环使用。克劳斯尾气中H2S浓度为200mg/m3，温度为450℃；克劳斯含硫尾气的进气速度为4m3/h。克劳斯尾气冷却吸收液的进液速度为0.8m3/h，进液压力为0.3MPa。The filtered cooling liquid enters the condenser 22 from the second liquid inlet 21 , and after heat exchange, the temperature is lowered, and the cooled cooling liquid is discharged from the condenser 22 through the discharge port 23 under the action of the infusion pump 24 . The cooling liquid after cooling enters the cooling tower 7 under the effect of the infusion pump 24, and circulates according to the above steps. The H 2 S concentration in the Claus tail gas is 200mg/m 3 , and the temperature is 450°C; the intake velocity of the Claus sulfur tail gas is 4m 3 /h. The inlet velocity of the Claus tail gas cooling absorption liquid is 0.8m 3 /h, and the inlet pressure is 0.3MPa.
实施例2Example 2
一种高温高湿克劳斯液硫槽尾气预处理装置，包括冷却塔7、管式过滤塔19以及冷凝器22。冷却塔的高度为1500mm，直径为350mm。冷却塔7的第一排液口12与管式过滤塔19的第一进液口16相连，管式过滤塔19的第二排液口20与冷凝器22的第二进液口21相连，冷凝器22的排出口23与冷却塔7的第三进液口1相连。A high-temperature and high-humidity Claus liquid sulfur tank tail gas pretreatment device includes a cooling tower 7 , a tubular filter tower 19 and a condenser 22 . The cooling tower has a height of 1500mm and a diameter of 350mm. The first liquid outlet 12 of the cooling tower 7 is connected with the first liquid inlet 16 of the tubular filter tower 19, and the second liquid outlet 20 of the tubular filter tower 19 is connected with the second liquid inlet 21 of the condenser 22, The outlet 23 of the condenser 22 is connected with the third liquid inlet 1 of the cooling tower 7 .
顶盖2通过法兰与冷却塔7固定连接，顶盖2上设置有排气口3。冷却塔7的底部设置有第一排液口12。冷却塔7的一侧设置有第三进液口1和进气口13，进气口13在第三进液口1下方。第三进液口7通过管道与喷淋器6相连，喷淋器6在冷却塔7内部。喷淋器7下方650mm处焊接有镂空挡板6，镂空挡板6上均匀分布有孔洞，孔洞的直径为5mm。镂空挡板9上放置有镍钛合金拉西环8，镍钛合金拉西环8的高度为350mm。镂空挡板9的下方安装有曝气板10，曝气板10与进气口13通过管道相连。曝气板10的曝气孔直径为200mm，曝气孔孔口朝下。冷却塔7上开有观察口11。喷淋器6上方安装有波形叶片除雾器5，波形叶片除雾器5上方安装有丝网除雾器4。波形叶片除雾器5和丝网除雾器4的材料为镍钛合金材料。The top cover 2 is fixedly connected with the cooling tower 7 through a flange, and the top cover 2 is provided with an exhaust port 3 . The bottom of the cooling tower 7 is provided with a first liquid outlet 12 . One side of the cooling tower 7 is provided with a third liquid inlet 1 and an air inlet 13 , and the air inlet 13 is below the third liquid inlet 1 . The third liquid inlet 7 is connected to the shower 6 through a pipeline, and the shower 6 is inside the cooling tower 7 . A hollow baffle 6 is welded at 650 mm below the sprinkler 7, and holes are evenly distributed on the hollow baffle 6, and the diameter of the holes is 5 mm. A nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 is placed on the hollow baffle 9, and the height of the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 is 350mm. An aeration plate 10 is installed below the hollow baffle plate 9, and the aeration plate 10 is connected to the air inlet 13 through a pipeline. The diameter of the aeration hole of the aeration plate 10 is 200mm, and the orifice of the aeration hole is downward. The cooling tower 7 has an observation port 11 . A corrugated vane demister 5 is installed above the sprinkler 6 , and a wire mesh demister 4 is installed above the corrugated vane demister 5 . The materials of the corrugated vane demister 5 and the wire mesh demister 4 are nickel-titanium alloy materials.
管式过滤塔19为双塔结构，管式过滤塔19的高度为1000mm，径高比为1：8。两个过滤塔19通过第一进液口16和第二排液口20连接。管式过滤塔19的底部通过法兰与过滤塔底盘17连接。第一进液口16与过滤塔底盘17连接，第一进液口16在过滤塔底盘17的中心位置。第一排液口12和第一进液口16之间安装有过滤输液泵14和第一阀门15管式过滤塔17一侧的上部安装有第二排液口20。管式过滤塔17内焊接有两个三角形挡板18，挡板18在离塔身底部50mm处。管式过滤器26通过材料为高分子聚合物的支架固定在挡板18上。管式过滤器26与管式过滤塔19的中心线重合。管式过滤器26的高度为800mm，径高比为1：8。The tubular filter tower 19 has a double-tower structure, the height of the tubular filter tower 19 is 1000 mm, and the ratio of diameter to height is 1:8. The two filter towers 19 are connected through a first liquid inlet 16 and a second liquid discharge 20 . The bottom of the tubular filter tower 19 is connected with the filter tower bottom plate 17 through a flange. The first liquid inlet 16 is connected to the bottom plate 17 of the filter tower, and the first liquid inlet 16 is at the center of the bottom plate 17 of the filter tower. A filter infusion pump 14 and a first valve 15 are installed between the first liquid outlet 12 and the first liquid inlet 16 , and a second liquid outlet 20 is installed on the upper side of the tubular filter tower 17 . Two triangular baffles 18 are welded in the tubular filter tower 17, and the baffles 18 are 50mm away from the bottom of the tower body. The tubular filter 26 is fixed on the baffle plate 18 through a bracket made of high molecular polymer. The centerline of the tubular filter 26 coincides with the tubular filter tower 19 . The height of the tubular filter 26 is 800 mm, and the ratio of diameter to height is 1:8.
冷凝器22第二进液口21和排出口23的位置在冷凝器7的两侧。排出口23与第三进液口之间安装有输液泵24和第二阀门25。The positions of the second liquid inlet 21 and the outlet 23 of the condenser 22 are on both sides of the condenser 7 . An infusion pump 24 and a second valve 25 are installed between the discharge port 23 and the third liquid inlet.
本装置的工作步骤是：The working steps of this device are:
(1)喷入冷却液(1) Spray into the coolant
将克劳斯尾气冷却液经输液泵24从冷却塔7上部的第三进液口1通过喷淋器6分散喷入冷却塔7内，喷入的冷却液的喷淋器6高出镍钛合金拉西环填料层8上平面350mm；The Claus tail gas coolant is dispersed and sprayed into the cooling tower 7 from the third liquid inlet 1 on the upper part of the cooling tower 7 through the sprayer 6 through the infusion pump 24, and the sprayer 6 of the sprayed coolant is higher than the nickel-titanium The upper plane of alloy Raschig ring packing layer 8 is 350mm;
(2)通入高温高湿克劳斯尾气(2) Passing high-temperature and high-humidity Claus exhaust gas
将高温高湿克劳斯尾气从冷却塔7底部的进气口13、通过曝气板10分散喷入冷却塔7中；The high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas is dispersed and sprayed into the cooling tower 7 from the air inlet 13 at the bottom of the cooling tower 7 through the aeration plate 10;
(3)气液接触(3) Gas-liquid contact
经过喷淋器6分散进入冷却塔7中的克劳斯尾气冷却吸收液与经过曝气板10进入冷却塔7中的高温高湿克劳斯尾气在镍钛合金拉西环8填料层中充分接触，产生热交换；The Claus tail gas cooling and absorbing liquid dispersed into the cooling tower 7 through the sprayer 6 and the high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas entering the cooling tower 7 through the aeration plate 10 are fully mixed in the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 packing layer. Contact, resulting in heat exchange;
(4)克劳斯尾气的除雾(4) Demisting of Claus exhaust
经过镍钛合金拉西环8填料层反应冷却后的克劳斯尾气分别通过波形叶片除雾器5，丝网除雾器4后，从排气口3排出冷却塔7；The Claus tail gas after reaction and cooling of the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 packing layer passes through the corrugated blade mist eliminator 5 and the wire mesh eliminator 4 respectively, and is discharged from the cooling tower 7 from the exhaust port 3;
(5)冷却吸收液的排放(5) Discharge of cooling and absorbing liquid
流过镍钛合金拉西环8填料层与高温高湿克劳斯尾气接触反应后的冷却吸收液，流到冷却塔7底部，储存在塔底，通过观察口11，使冷却塔7塔底的冷却液高度为200mm，过量的冷却吸收液通过第一排液口12排出冷却塔7；The cooling absorption liquid flowing through the packing layer of nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring 8 and contacting and reacting with high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas flows to the bottom of the cooling tower 7 and is stored at the bottom of the tower. Through the observation port 11, the bottom of the cooling tower 7 The height of the cooling liquid is 200mm, and the excess cooling absorption liquid is discharged from the cooling tower 7 through the first liquid discharge port 12;
(6)冷却液的过滤(6) Filtration of coolant
排出冷却塔的过热冷却液经过过滤循环泵14从过滤第一进液口16进入管式过滤塔19，过热冷却液流过管式过滤器26时，所含固体杂质被过滤，滤液通过第二排液口排出管式过滤塔19，管式过滤器26中的固体杂质通过卸开管式过滤塔19的顶盖，取出管式过滤器26，进行清理。The superheated cooling liquid discharged from the cooling tower passes through the filter circulation pump 14 and enters the tubular filter tower 19 from the first filter liquid inlet 16. When the superheated cooling liquid flows through the tubular filter 26, the contained solid impurities are filtered, and the filtrate passes through the second filter. The liquid discharge port discharges the tubular filter tower 19, and the solid impurities in the tubular filter 26 are cleaned by removing the top cover of the tubular filter tower 19 and taking out the tubular filter 26.
(7)冷却液的循环(7) Circulation of coolant
过滤后的冷却液从第二进液口21进入冷凝器22，通过热交换后，降低温度，冷却后的冷却液在输液泵24的作用下，从排出口23排出冷凝器22。冷却后的冷却液在输液泵24的作用下从进入冷却塔7，按上述步骤，循环使用。克劳斯尾气中H2S浓度为600mg/m3，温度为200℃；克劳斯含硫尾气的进气速度为5m3/h。克劳斯尾气冷却吸收液的进液速度为2.3m3/h，进液压力为0.1MPa。The filtered cooling liquid enters the condenser 22 from the second liquid inlet 21 , and after heat exchange, the temperature is lowered, and the cooled cooling liquid is discharged from the condenser 22 through the discharge port 23 under the action of the infusion pump 24 . The cooling liquid after cooling enters the cooling tower 7 under the effect of the infusion pump 24, and circulates according to the above steps. The H 2 S concentration in the Claus tail gas is 600mg/m 3 , and the temperature is 200°C; the intake velocity of the Claus sulfur tail gas is 5m 3 /h. The inlet velocity of the Claus tail gas cooling absorption liquid is 2.3m 3 /h, and the inlet pressure is 0.1MPa.
本装置结构简单，易操作，通过开关阀门即可达到高温高湿克劳斯尾气预处理的目的。拉西环填料层和除雾装置均采用镍钛合金材料，该材料具有较好的耐腐蚀、耐高温性能，使该除雾装置和填料层具有更好的耐腐蚀性。本装置进气口采用曝气孔孔向向下的曝气板进气，有利于克劳斯尾气的均匀分布，曝气孔孔向向下，可以有效防止生成的单质硫掉入曝气板中，堵塞曝气口。除雾装置采用波形叶片除雾器和丝网除雾器的组合装置，组合装置不仅具有良好的抗堵性，而且具有较高的除雾性。本装置的冷却装置为镍钛合金拉西环填料层，在镍钛合金拉西环填料层内，冷却液可以直接、充分的和高温高湿克劳斯尾气相接触，使得冷却效果较好，而且喷淋的液体持续流过填料层，可以有效的防止填料层的堵塞。The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can achieve the purpose of high-temperature and high-humidity Claus tail gas pretreatment by switching the valve. Both the Raschig ring packing layer and the demisting device are made of nickel-titanium alloy material, which has good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, so that the demisting device and the packing layer have better corrosion resistance. The air inlet of the device adopts aeration holes to enter the downward aeration plate, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of Claus tail gas, and the aeration holes are directed downward, which can effectively prevent the generated elemental sulfur from falling into the aeration plate , block the aeration port. The defogging device adopts a combination device of a wave blade demister and a wire mesh demister. The combined device not only has good anti-blocking performance, but also has a high demisting performance. The cooling device of this device is a nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring packing layer. In the nickel-titanium alloy Raschig ring packing layer, the cooling liquid can directly and fully contact the high-temperature and high-humidity Claus exhaust gas, so that the cooling effect is better. Moreover, the sprayed liquid continuously flows through the packing layer, which can effectively prevent the packing layer from being blocked.
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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