CN104792623A - Full-automatic rock point load test instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an experimental device for measuring rock point load strength, in particular to a fully automatic rock point load tester, comprising a hydraulic jack, a movable hydraulic loading cone, a fixed loading cone, an electro-hydraulic device and a measuring system, and a hydraulic jack of the hydraulic jack. The cylinder is connected with the electro-hydraulic device through the pressure hydraulic pipe and the pressure discharge hydraulic pipe. The movable hydraulic loading cone is fixed above the piston of the hydraulic jack, and the fixed loading cone is fixed on the load support beam. The measuring system includes automatic measuring device, liquid flow The sensor and the hydraulic sensor, the liquid flow sensor and the hydraulic sensor are sequentially installed in the pressurized hydraulic pipe; the invention improves the efficiency and safety of the tester, and realizes automatic load parameter measurement.

Description

Fully automatic rock point load tester

technical field

The invention relates to an experimental device for measuring rock point load strength, in particular to an automatic rock point load tester.

Background technique

Point load test is a very important index for the research of rock mass classification (RMR, CSMR, etc.) and strength parameters in rock mass engineering. Rock stability analysis plays a very important role. At the same time, the point load test is not only simple and fast, it can carry out on-site testing of the original state, it has the advantages of less man-hours, low cost and convenience for a large number of tests. Characteristics of the test.

The rock point load strength test method was recommended by the Test Method Committee of the International Society of Rock Mechanics in 1972, and was revised in 1985. The test is to place the rock specimen between two spherical conical pressure plates, apply a concentrated load to the specimen until it fails, and then obtain the point load strength of the rock according to the failure load, and use the point load strength as the rock strength classification and The index of rock mass weathering classification can also be used to evaluate the degree of anisotropy of rock strength, estimate other related strength indexes such as uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength, and then calculate the bearing capacity of rock foundation.

The existing point load test equipment mainly includes XD-2 portable point load tester and STDZ-2 portable digital display point load tester, both of which have similar structures. Among them, the widely used XD-2 portable point load testing machine is mainly composed of a loading system and a load measuring system. Its loading system The loading system includes a loading frame, a loading cone and a loading device; the loading frame has sufficient rigidity to ensure that no permanent distortion will occur under the repeated action of the maximum destructive load; the spherical curvature of the loading cone The radius of the cone is 5.0 mm, the apex angle of the cone is 60°, and it is made of hard materials; the loading device uses a hand-operated hydraulic oil pump, and the hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the loading cone by the jack piston to apply the load to the test. Load measurement system The load measurement system uses the DY-2000 digital tester.

The XD-2 portable point load testing machine can quickly and accurately measure the load strength of the rock, and can digitally display its strength value; however, the shortcomings of this type of instrument are: (1) its loading device adopts manual Rocking a hydraulic oil pump requires a large amount of manpower when the test volume is large, and during the test process, the rock is easily ejected under pressure, and the test personnel are easily injured by the rock ejection; (2) the load measurement system needs to adopt DY The -2000 type digital tester is an independent device, and it needs to be assembled during the test. The structure of the measuring system equipment is relatively complicated, the cost is large, and the installation and disassembly are cumbersome.

In order to solve and improve the above deficiencies, the present invention proposes a fully automatic rock point load tester, whose loading system introduces an electric loading device, and organically combines the loading system and the load measurement system in the point load tester, aiming at Realize the structural integration of the point load tester, improve the performance and safety of the tester, and realize automatic load parameter testing.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to simplify the structure of the point load tester in the prior art, realize the structural integration of the point load tester, improve the efficiency and safety of the tester, and realize the automatic load parameter test.

In order to solve its technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a fully automatic rock point load tester, including a loading system and a measuring system, the loading system includes a hydraulic jack 1, a movable hydraulic loading cone 2, a fixed loading Cone 3, electro-hydraulic device 4, load support beam 6 and load support 7, the hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic jack 1 communicates with electro-hydraulic device 4 through pressure hydraulic pipe 9 and pressure discharge hydraulic pipe 10, and movable hydraulic loading cone 2 is fixed Above the piston of the hydraulic jack 1, the fixed loading cone 3 is fixed on the load bracket beam 6, the movable hydraulic loading cone 2 and the fixed loading cone 3 have the same center line, and the load bracket beam 6 is fixedly installed on the load bracket 7;

It is characterized in that: the electrohydraulic device 4 includes a liquid storage tank 12, a hydraulic pump 13, a transmission rod 14, an eccentric wheel 15, a rotating transmission device 16, and a rotating motor 17, and the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank 12 is connected to the pressure discharge hydraulic pipe 10, The liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 12 is connected with the liquid inlet of the hydraulic pump 13 through the catheter tube equipped with the check valve 11, the liquid outlet of the hydraulic pump 13 is connected with the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9, and the piston of the hydraulic pump 13 passes through the transmission The rod is connected with the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel 15, and the eccentric wheel 15 is connected with the rotating motor 17 through the rotating transmission device 16, and the pressure hydraulic pipe 9 and the pressure discharge hydraulic pipe 10 are respectively equipped with a one-way valve 11 and an electronically controlled pressure relief valve 18, The measuring system includes an automatic measuring device 5, a liquid flow sensor 19 and a hydraulic sensor 20, the liquid flow sensor 19 and the hydraulic sensor 20 are sequentially installed in the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9, and the liquid flow sensor 19 and the hydraulic sensor 20 are close to the liquid inlet of the hydraulic jack 1 The automatic measuring device 5 includes a function control board 21, a display board 22 and a single-chip microcomputer 30, the function control board 21 is provided with a start switch 27, an automatic measurement key 28 and a manual pressure regulating button 29, and the display board 22 is provided with a maximum load indicator 23, the maximum load deformation display 24, the instantaneous load display 25 and the instantaneous load deformation display 26, the liquid flow sensor 19, the hydraulic pressure sensor 20 and the function control panel 21 are connected to the single-chip microcomputer 30 signal input interface through the signal wire, and the single-chip microcomputer 30 signal output interface is connected with Electrohydraulic device 4 , electronically controlled pressure relief valve 18 , maximum load display 23 , maximum load deformation display 24 , instantaneous load display 25 and instantaneous load deformation display 26 .

As a further specific optimization, a rock placement platform 8 is installed in the middle of the load support 7, a loading window is provided in the middle of the rock placement platform 8, and the center of the loading window is located at the common center of the movable hydraulic loading cone 2 and the fixed loading cone 3 on-line.

As a further specific optimization, the load support beam 6 and the rock placement platform 8 are fixed on the load support 7 through elastic screw structures, and the heights of the load support beam 6 and the rock placement platform 8 can be adjusted up and down.

As a further specific optimization, the single-chip microcomputer 30 includes a large-capacity data memory (RAM), and the single-chip microcomputer 30 is also connected to a data transmission system 31 , and a data output key 32 is also provided on the function control board 21 .

As a further specific optimization, the data transmission system 31 is a usb data transmission system or a wireless wifi data transmission system.

Working steps and principle: when the present invention performs the rock point load test, the rock block to be tested is placed on the rock placement platform 8 whose height has been adjusted, and the center of gravity of the rock block to be tested is stabilized at the loading window center of the rock placement platform 8 Online; turn on the start switch 27 to turn on the power supply of the tester.

When starting the automatic measurement key 28, the automatic measurement device 5 of the present invention can gradually press the hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic jack 1 hydraulic cylinder by the hydraulic pump 13 of the electrohydraulic device 4 controlled by the single-chip microcomputer 30; The piston of the hydraulic jack 1 can be continuously raised, and the rising displacement (d) of the piston is proportional to the inflow of hydraulic fluid (V) in the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic jack 1: d= V/S, (where S is the fixed area of the piston) ; Thereby its rising displacement (d) can be calculated by the induction flow rate (V) of the liquid flow sensor 19 on the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9, and its calculation process is processed by a single-chip computer, and its rising displacement (d) is displayed on the instantaneous load deformation display 26; when the movable pressure cone 2 on the upper part of the piston of the hydraulic jack 1 receives the stress of the rock, the stress will be transmitted to the piston of the hydraulic jack 1, and the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic jack 1 will generate a corresponding hydraulic pressure, regardless of the hydraulic pressure. The effect of the gravity of the piston of jack 1 and the movable pressurizing cone 2 on its piston, the relationship between the hydraulic pressure (P) in the hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic jack 1 and the rock stress (F): F=P*S (wherein S is the fixed area of the piston ), so its rock stress (F) can be calculated by the induced pressure (P) of the hydraulic sensor 20 in the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9, and the calculation process is processed by the single-chip microcomputer 30, and the instantaneous value of the rock stress (F) is displayed in the instantaneous load Display 25, at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer 30 can store the rock stress (F) maximum value of its test process in the data memory by accumulatively comparing the rock stress (F) maximum value of two adjacent time points, and the rock stress ( F) The maximum value and the corresponding displacement (d) are displayed on the maximum load display 23 and the maximum load deformation display 24 respectively; when the rock is deformed and broken, the momentary stress of the rock can trigger the single-chip microcomputer 30 to control the rotation motor of the electrohydraulic device 4 17 stops rotating, and controls the electric control pressure relief valve 18 to discharge pressure; the whole measurement process is carried out automatically, and its measurement data is comprehensive and intuitive.

When manual control is required, the manual pressure regulating knob 29 is adjusted to the required pressure value, and the loading system stops loading after being loaded to the corresponding pressure value.

Beneficial effects: the fully automatic rock point load tester of the present invention is obtained by installing a liquid flow sensor 19 and a hydraulic pressure sensor 20 in the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9 of the loading system, and through the analysis and processing of the single-chip microcomputer 30 in the automatic measuring device 5 Rock deformation and rock load strength, this measurement structure is simpler in structure and lower in manufacturing cost than the existing measurement system, and can better realize the integration of the loading system and the measurement system; at the same time, the present invention introduces The electric loading device 4 and the automatic measuring device 5 are installed, and the measurement process is carried out automatically. The measurement data is comprehensive, intuitive and reliable, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of the test and improve work efficiency, and the test personnel can keep a certain safe distance from the rock to be tested. , to avoid being injured by rock bullets. Compared with the point load tester in the prior art, the overall structure of the present invention simplifies the structure of the tester, realizes structural integration, improves the efficiency and safety of the tester, and realizes automatic load parameter measurement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the hydraulic jack and the electro-hydraulic device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the electrohydraulic device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of automatic measuring device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1 is a hydraulic jack, 2 is a movable pressurized cone, 3 is a fixed pressurized cone, 4 is an electro-hydraulic device, 5 is an automatic measuring device, 6 is a load support beam, 7 is a load support, 8 is a rock placement Platform, 9 is a pressurized hydraulic pipe, 10 is a pressure discharge hydraulic pipe, 11 is a one-way valve, 12 is a liquid storage tank, 13 is a hydraulic pump, 14 is a transmission rod, 15 is an eccentric wheel, 16 is a rotating transmission device, 17 Rotating motor, 18, electric pressure relief valve, 19, liquid flow sensor, 20, hydraulic sensor, 21, function control board, 22, display board, 23, maximum load display, 24, maximum load deformation display, 25, instantaneous Load display, 26 is the instantaneous load deformation display, 27 is the start switch, 28 is the automatic measurement key, 29 is the manual pressure regulating button, 30 is the single-chip microcomputer, 31 is the data transmission system, 32 is the data output key.

Detailed ways

Refer to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the implementation of the present invention (as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5):

A fully automatic rock point load tester, including a loading system and a measuring system, the loading system includes a hydraulic jack 1, a movable hydraulic loading cone 2, a fixed loading cone 3, an electrohydraulic device 4, a load support beam 6 and a load The bracket 7; the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic jack 1 communicates with the electrohydraulic device 4 through the pressure hydraulic pipe 9 and the pressure discharge hydraulic pipe 10; the movable hydraulic loading cone 2 is fixed above the piston of the hydraulic jack 1, and the fixed loading cone 3 is fixed On the load support beam 6, the movable hydraulic loading cone 2 and the fixed loading cone 3 have the same center line, and the load support beam 6 is fixedly installed on the load support 7; the electrohydraulic device 4 includes a liquid storage tank 12, a hydraulic pump 13, and a transmission rod 14 , eccentric wheel 15, rotating transmission device 16 and rotating motor 17, the liquid inlet of liquid storage tank 12 is connected with pressure discharge hydraulic pipe 10, and the liquid outlet of liquid storage tank 12 is connected with the hydraulic pressure by the guide pipe that one-way valve 11 is installed. The liquid inlet of the pump 13 is connected, the liquid outlet of the hydraulic pump 13 is connected with the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9, the piston of the hydraulic pump 13 is connected with the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel 15 through the transmission rod, and the eccentric wheel 15 is connected with the rotating motor through the rotating transmission device 16 17 connected; the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9 and the discharge hydraulic pipe 10 are respectively equipped with a check valve 11 and an electronically controlled pressure relief valve 18; the measuring system includes an automatic measuring device 5, a liquid flow sensor 19 and a hydraulic sensor 20, and the liquid flow sensor 19 and hydraulic sensor 20 are installed in the pressurized hydraulic pipe 9 in sequence, and the liquid flow sensor 19 and the hydraulic sensor 20 are near the liquid inlet of the hydraulic jack 1; The board 21 is provided with a start switch 27, an automatic measurement key 28 and a manual pressure regulating button 29, and the display board 22 is provided with a maximum load display 23, a maximum load deformation display 24, an instantaneous load display 25 and an instantaneous load deformation display 26, and the liquid flow The sensor 19, the hydraulic sensor 20 and the function control board 21 are connected to the signal input interface of the single-chip microcomputer 30 through signal wires, and the signal output interface of the single-chip microcomputer 30 is connected with an electrohydraulic device 4, an electronically controlled pressure relief valve 18, a maximum load display 23, and a maximum load deformation display 24. Instantaneous load display 25 and instantaneous load deformation display 26.

The following are further specific optimization implementations of the present invention:

A rock placement platform 8 is installed in the middle of the load support 7, and a loading window is provided in the middle of the rock placement platform 8, and the center of the loading window is located on the common center line of the movable hydraulic loading cone 2 and the fixed loading cone 3.

The load bracket beam 6 and the rock placement platform 8 are all fixed on the load bracket 7 by elastic screw structure, and the height of the load bracket beam 6 and the rock placement platform 8 can be adjusted up and down.

The single-chip microcomputer 30 includes a large-capacity data memory (RAM), and the single-chip microcomputer 30 is also connected to a data transmission system 31 , and the function control board 21 is also provided with a data output key 32 .

The data transmission system 31 is one of a usb data transmission system or a wireless wifi data transmission system.

Claims (5)

1. a full-automatic point load test instrument, comprise loading system and measuring system, loading system comprises hydraulic jack (1), movable hydraulic pressure loading cone (2), fixing loading cone (3), electro hydraulic gear (4), load rack beam (6) and load support (7), the hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic jack (1) is connected with electro hydraulic gear (4) with row pressure hydraulic tube (10) by pressurized fluid pressure pipe (9), movable hydraulic pressure loading cone (2) is fixed on above the piston of hydraulic jack (1), fixing loading cone (3) is fixed on load rack beam (6), movable hydraulic pressure loading cone (2) bores (3) concentrically line with fixing loading, load rack beam (6) is fixedly mounted on load support (7), it is characterized in that: electro hydraulic gear (4) comprises fluid reservoir (12), hydraulic pump (13), drive link (14), eccentric wheel (15), rotation transmission device (16) and rotary electric machine (17), the inlet of fluid reservoir (12) connects row pressure hydraulic tube (10), the liquid outlet of fluid reservoir (12) is connected with hydraulic pump (13) inlet by the catheter being provided with retaining valve (11), the liquid outlet of hydraulic pump (13) connects pressurized fluid pressure pipe (9), the piston of hydraulic pump (13) is connected by the excentric shaft of drive link with eccentric wheel (15), eccentric wheel (15) is connected with rotary electric machine (17) by rotation transmission device (16), pressurized fluid pressure pipe (9) and row pressure hydraulic tube (10) are separately installed with retaining valve (11) and automatically controlled purge valve (18), measuring system comprises self-operated measuring unit (5), liquid flow sensor (19) and hydraulic pressure transducer (20), liquid flow sensor (19) and hydraulic pressure transducer (20) are arranged in pressurized fluid pressure pipe (9) successively, liquid flow sensor (19) and hydraulic pressure transducer (20) are near hydraulic jack (1) inlet place, self-operated measuring unit (5) comprises function control plate (21), display board (22) and single-chip microcomputer (30), function control plate (21) is provided with starting switch (27), automatic measurement key (28) and manual voltage regulation button (29), on display board, (22) are provided with maximum load display (23), maximum load deformation display (24), impulsive load display (25) and impulsive load deformation display (26), liquid flow sensor (19), hydraulic pressure transducer (20) and function control plate (21) access single-chip microcomputer (30) signal input interface by signal conductor, single-chip microcomputer (30) signal output interface is connected with electro hydraulic gear (4), automatically controlled purge valve (18), maximum load display (23), maximum load deformation display (24), impulsive load display (25) and impulsive load deformation display (26).

2. full-automatic point load test instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: load support (7) middle part is provided with rock placing platform (8), rock placing platform (8) middle part is provided with loading window, and loading window center is positioned at movable hydraulic pressure loading cone (2) and bores on (3) common center line with fixing loading.

3. full-automatic point load test instrument according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: load rack beam (6) and rock placing platform (8) are all fixed on load support (7) by parbuckle screw structure, and the height of load rack beam (6) and rock placing platform (8) can up-down adjustment.

4. the full-automatic point load test instrument according to claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the data-carrier store being integrated with larger capacity in single-chip microcomputer (30), single-chip microcomputer (30) is connected with data transmission system (31), function control plate (21) is provided with data run-out key (32).

5. full-automatic point load test instrument according to claim 4, is characterized in that: data transmission system (31) is usb data transmission system or wireless wifi data transmission system.