CN104890443B - The automobile front axle of cylinder structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a front axle of an automobile. A car front axle with a tubular structure, comprising a cross bar and two cantilever arms, a frame support portion is provided at both ends of the cross bar, and a cantilever is connected to each of the two ends of the cross bar, and the cantilever There is a kingpin hole, the cross bar is a circular tube structure, the frame support part is a support block, the frame support part is welded together with the cross bar, and the front and rear surfaces of the cantilever are respectively provided with a Turn to the guard block. The invention provides a tube-shaped automobile front axle with good impact resistance, twist resistance, and good steering impact resistance, which solves the problems of heavy weight and impact resistance in the existing front axle cross bar with a solid structure And the problem of high fuel consumption caused by increasing the cross section of the cantilever to improve the impact resistance.

Description

Car front axle in tubular structure

technical field

The invention relates to an automobile front axle, in particular to an automobile front axle with a tubular structure.

Background technique

The front axle of the car, also known as the front axle, is used to install the front wheels, support the weight of the front of the car, and connect with the frame with the front suspension. In Chinese patent application number 2011201792654, the authorized announcement date is December 28, 2011, and promptly discloses a kind of automobile front axle of existing structure in the patent document of name " automobile front axle assembly ". The front axle of the automobile comprises a cross bar and two cantilever arms. A vehicle frame supporting part is respectively arranged at two ends of the cross bar, and a cantilever is respectively connected to the two ends of the cross bar. The cantilever is provided with a kingpin hole. During use, the steering knuckle is connected with the front axle through the kingpin passing through the kingpin hole, and the front wheel is installed on the steering knuckle.

The existing car front axle has the following disadvantages: the crossbar is a solid structure, so it is heavy and has poor impact and twist resistance; the steering part is easy to collide with the cantilever, in order to prevent the cantilever from being deformed when it is hit, it is necessary to pass the impact resistance. Made thicker, resulting in increased vehicle weight and increased fuel consumption.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a tube-shaped automobile front axle with good impact resistance, twist resistance and good steering impact resistance, which solves the problems of heavy weight and impact resistance in the existing front axle cross bar which is a solid structure And the problem of high fuel consumption caused by increasing the cross section of the cantilever to improve the impact resistance.

The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: a car front axle with a tubular structure, including a cross bar and two cantilever arms, a vehicle frame support portion is provided at each of the two ends of the cross bar, and There is a cantilever on each side, the cantilever is provided with a kingpin hole, the cross bar is a circular tube structure, the support part of the frame is a support block, and the support part of the frame is welded together with the cross bar , the front and rear surfaces of the cantilever are respectively provided with a turning protection block.

Preferably, the difference between the center distance of the kingpin hole of the front axle of the automobile minus the distance between the steering protection blocks on the same side of the cross bar is 5-50 mm.

Preferably, the axis of the king pin hole is inclined toward the middle of the inner cross bar and inclined toward the rear of the inner cross bar, the inclination angle of the king pin hole axis is 3°-7.5°, the king pin hole axis The back tilt angle is 1°～7.5°. It can effectively reduce the eccentric wear of the wheel.

As a preference, a circular inner rod is rotatably pierced inside the cross bar, the outer peripheral surface of the inner rod is provided with a first friction layer, the inner surface of the cross bar is provided with a second friction layer, and the inner surface of the inner rod is provided with a second friction layer. The bar and the crossbar abut together through the first and second friction layers. When the crossbar is twisted, the crossbar will rotate relative to the inner rod, and the outer friction layer and the second friction layer will generate frictional energy absorption to eliminate the torque force during the rotation, thereby improving the twist resistance of the crossbar.

Preferably, the inner rod includes a left rod and a right rod, the left end of the left rod is connected with the cross rod through a left energy-absorbing spring, and the right end surface of the left rod is provided with several the first reversing tooth, the right end of the right rod is connected with the cross bar through the right energy-absorbing spring, the left end surface of the right rod is provided with a number of second reversing teeth distributed along the circumferential direction of the right rod, The first reversing teeth and the second reversing teeth mesh together. When the crossbar is twisted and the inner rod is also twisted, under the action of the first reversing tooth and the second reversing tooth, the right rod and the left rod will be driven to separate in the circumferential direction. When separated, the energy-absorbing spring will deform and absorb can. Further passed the anti-twisting ability of the crossbar.

Preferably, a friction agent is filled between the cross bar and the inner bar. When the first friction layer and the second friction layer are worn during use and the frictional energy absorption effect is reduced, the friction agent can be filled between the first friction layer and the second friction layer so that the first friction layer and the second friction layer are still intact. A good frictional energy absorption effect is maintained, thereby solving the problem that the friction force decreases and the contact force between the first friction layer and the second friction layer cannot be conveniently adjusted to adjust the friction force.

Preferably, two bearings supporting the kingpin are arranged in the hole of the kingpin, a first gear and a second gear meshed together are arranged between the two bearings, and the first gear and the two The bearings are all coaxial, and the second gear is rotatably connected with the cantilever; the first gear is provided with a refueling mechanism, and the refueling mechanism includes an oil outlet, an air supply port, a sealing head, and a driving sealing head to seal The first spring of the oil outlet, the cylinder body and the piston that is slidingly and sealingly connected to the cylinder body, the piston divides the cylinder body into an air chamber and an oil chamber, and the piston is provided with a one-way valve that opens toward the air chamber, The piston is connected with the sealing head through a connecting rod, the oil outlet is connected with the oil chamber through the oil passage, the air supply port is connected with the air chamber through the air passage, and the oil outlet is connected with the oil chamber through the air passage. The mouth is arranged on the tooth top of the first gear, and the sealing head protrudes from the tooth top of the first gear by a distance greater than the tooth top gap between the first gear and the second gear. During use, the main pin is passed through and connected with the bearing and the first gear at the same time. When the main pin rotates, it drives the first gear to rotate. When the first gear rotates until the teeth with the oil outlet mesh with the second gear, the tooth grooves of the first gear drive the sealing head to retract into the gear, and the sealing strip shrinks inward. While storing energy in the first spring, the connecting rod drives the piston to move toward the oil chamber, and drives the lubricating oil in the oil chamber to flow through the oil passage to the oil outlet and then to the oil chamber to realize the lubrication of the bearing; When the grooves are staggered, the sealing head re-seals the oil outlet under the action of the first spring, and the moving process of the sealing head drives the piston to move toward the air chamber. At this time, the oil in the oil chamber has partially flowed out, so the pressure in the oil chamber If the pressure is lower than that of the air chamber, the one-way valve opens to replenish air into the oil chamber and recycle excess oil in the oil chamber into the oil chamber, so that the lubricating oil can flow out reliably when the piston squeezes the oil chamber next time. The design of the bearing makes the kingpin rotate more smoothly, and realizes the automatic lubrication of the bearing when the kingpin rotates.

Preferably, the crossbar is provided with an installation cavity at the position between the support part of the frame and the cantilever, and the upper and lower walls of the installation cavity are provided with a shock absorbing structure, and the shock absorbing structure includes successively abutting against The adjustment nut, the core sleeve, the butterfly spring with the small end facing the core sleeve and the installation plate are fixedly connected with the adjustment nut that passes through the elastic spring and the core sleeve and is screwed together with the adjustment nut. screw, the core sleeve is connected with a rubber ring, the rubber ring is connected with a mass ring, and the rubber ring is provided with a truncated cone counterbore for pressing the butterfly spring. A shock-absorbing structure is set in the front axle. The mass ring of the shock-absorbing structure provides mass M for the shock-absorbing structure, and the rubber ring provides stiffness and damping for the shock-absorbing structure. The rubber ring of the shock-absorbing structure converts vibration energy into frictional heat energy and consumes it. , so as to reduce the vibration and noise of the whole vehicle and improve the driving comfort; the stiffness and damping of the shock-absorbing structure can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the mass ring and the hardness of the rubber ring, so that the modal frequency of the shock-absorbing structure is the same as that of the front The frequency of shaft resonance is the same; by rotating the adjusting nut to adjust the preload of the elastic backing plate, the range of adjusting the stiffness and damping of the shock absorbing structure can be expanded. The effect of reducing the vibration noise caused by the vibration of the front axle is better.

Preferably, a rubber bushing is arranged inside the core sleeve. Vibration and noise generated by friction between the inner peripheral surface of the core sleeve and the adjusting screw rod can be avoided.

As a preference, the outer peripheral surface of the core sleeve is provided with several core sleeve connecting rings extending into the rubber ring, and the inner peripheral surface of the mass ring is provided with several mass ring portions extending into the rubber ring Connecting ring. The connection is more stable.

The present invention has the following advantages: the crossbar is a circular tube structure, light in weight, and has good impact and twist resistance; the steering protection block is designed so that the steering parts only hit the steering protection block when turning, so it is not easy to cause deformation of the cantilever, thus eliminating the need for Cross-sectional area through the cantilever.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic right view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the cantilever in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first gear and the second gear.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of A in FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram at B in FIG. 5 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic front view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the shock absorbing structure.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cross bar in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

In the figure: frame supporting part 1, cantilever 2, steering protection block 21, kingpin hole 22, bearing 23, first gear 24, addendum 241 of the first tooth, second gear 25, short shaft 251, shock absorbing structure 3. Mounting plate 31, butterfly spring 32, core sleeve 33, core sleeve connecting ring 331, adjusting nut 34, lock nut 35, adjusting screw rod 36, rubber bushing 37, rubber ring 38, truncated cone counterbore 381, Mass ring 39, connecting ring 391 of mass ring part, cross bar 5, inner bar 51, left bar 511, right bar 512, outer friction layer 513, first reversing tooth 514, second reversing tooth 515, inner friction layer 52 , left energy-absorbing spring 53, right energy-absorbing spring 54, installation chamber 55, refueling mechanism 8, oil outlet 81, air supply port 82, sealing head 83, first spring 84, cylinder body 85, air chamber 851, oil chamber 852 , piston 86, one-way valve 861, connecting rod 862, oil passage 87, air passage 88, the distance L1 where the seal head protrudes from the tooth top of the first gear, the tooth top clearance L2 between the first gear and the second gear, The axis L3 of the kingpin hole, the center distance of the kingpin hole of the automobile front axle L4, the distance L5 between the steering protection blocks on the same side of the crossbar, the inclination angle A1 of the kingpin hole axis, and the caster angle A2 of the kingpin hole axis .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 1 , a car front axle with a tubular structure, including a cross bar 5 . The cross bar 5 is a circular steel pipe structure. The cross bar 5 is a straight bar structure. Two ends of the cross bar 5 are respectively provided with a vehicle frame supporting portion 1 . The frame supporting part 1 is a supporting block. The vehicle frame supporting part 1 is welded together with the cross bar 5 . Two ends of the cross bar 5 are respectively connected with a cantilever 2 . The cantilever 2 is a forged or cast structure. Cantilever 2 is welded together with cross bar 5. The front and rear surfaces of the cantilever 2 are respectively provided with a turning protection block 21 . The cantilever 2 is provided with a main pin hole 22 . The axis L3 of the kingpin hole is inclined toward the middle of the crossbar 5 . The inclination angle A1 of the kingpin hole axis is 3°～7.5°.

Referring to Fig. 2, the center distance L4 of the kingpin hole of the automobile front axle minus the distance L5 between the steering protection blocks on the same side of the cross bar is 5-50 mm. The appearance size of the frame support part 1 along the front-rear direction is larger than the appearance size of the cross bar 5 along the front-rear direction.

Referring to Fig. 3, the axis L3 of the pin hole is inclined towards the rear of the cross bar. The caster angle A2 of the kingpin hole axis is 1° to 7.5°.

Embodiment two, the difference with embodiment one is:

Referring to FIG. 4 , two bearings 23 are arranged in the main pin hole 22 . A first gear 24 and a second gear 25 meshed together are arranged between the two bearings 23 . The first gear 24 is coaxial with the bearing 23 . The second gear 25 is rotatably connected with the cantilever 2 through the short shaft 251 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , the first gear 24 is provided with a refueling mechanism 8 . The number of refueling mechanisms 8 is equal to the number of teeth of the first gear 24 .

Referring to FIG. 6 , the refueling mechanism 8 includes an oil outlet 81 , an air supply port 82 , a sealing head 83 , a first spring 84 , a cylinder 85 and a piston 86 . The oil outlet 81 and the air supply port 82 of the same fueling mechanism are arranged on the tooth top 241 of the same tooth of the first gear 24, and the tooth top of the same tooth is only provided with an oil outlet and an air supply port of the fueling mechanism, that is, this In the embodiment, the refueling mechanism and the teeth of the first gear 24 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence. The sealing head 83 and the first spring 84 are arranged in the oil outlet 81 , and under the action of the first spring 84 , the sealing head 83 protrudes from the crest 241 and seals the oil outlet. The distance L1 where the sealing head protrudes from the tooth top of the first gear is greater than the tooth top gap L2 between the first gear and the second gear (see FIG. 7 ). The cylinder body 85 is formed in the first gear 24 in an integral structure, that is, the cavity in the first gear 24 . The piston 86 is slidingly and sealingly connected to the cylinder body 85 . The piston 86 divides the cylinder 85 into an air chamber 851 and an oil chamber 852 . The piston 86 is provided with a one-way valve 861 that opens toward the air cavity 851 . The piston 86 is connected with the sealing head 83 through the connecting rod 862 . The connecting rod 862 is connected with the first gear 24 in a sliding seal so that the oil outlet 81 is disconnected from the air cavity 851 . The oil outlet 81 communicates with the oil cavity 852 through the oil passage 87 . The air supplement port 82 communicates with the air cavity 851 through the air channel 88 . Both the oil channel 87 and the air channel 88 are formed in the first gear 24 in an integral structure, that is, holes in the first gear 24 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , when in use, the main pin passes through the bearing 23 and the first gear 224 at the same time.

Referring to Fig. 7, the first gear 24 is driven to rotate during the rotation of the kingpin. During the rotation of the first gear 24, the bottom surface of the tooth groove of the second gear 25 squeezes the sealing head 83 into the first gear 24, and the sealing head 83 shrinks so that the oil outlet 81 is opened and the first spring 84 is charged.

Referring to Fig. 6, when the sealing head 83 shrinks, the piston 86 is driven to move toward the oil chamber 852 through the connecting rod 862, and the pressure in the oil chamber 852 rises so that the one-way valve 861 closes and the lubricating oil in the oil chamber 852 flows out through the oil passage 87. The oil port 81 flows out from the oil outlet port 81 to realize the lubrication of the bearing 55 .

When the second gear loses its pressing effect on the sealing head 83, the sealing head 83 moves outward under the action of the first spring 84 to seal the oil outlet 81, and when the sealing head 83 stretches out, the piston 86 is driven by the connecting rod 862 Moving toward the air chamber 851, the pressure in the oil chamber 852 drops and the pressure in the air chamber 851 rises, so that the one-way valve 861 opens, and the air and excess oil in the refueling chamber 56 pass through the air supply port 82, the air passage 88 and the one-way valve 861 and flows to the oil chamber 852, so that the pressure in the oil chamber 852 can be maintained equal to the air pressure in the outside of the gear, so that the lubricating oil can be extruded when the piston 86 moves toward the oil chamber 852 next time.

Embodiment three, the difference with embodiment two is:

Referring to Fig. 8, two ends of the cross bar 5 are respectively provided with an installation cavity 55 (only the installation cavity at the left end is shown in the figure). The installation cavity 55 is located between the frame support part 1 and the suspension arm 2 . The upper and lower walls of the installation cavity 55 are provided with shock absorbing structures 3 .

Referring to FIG. 9 , the shock absorbing structure includes a locking nut 35 , an adjusting nut 34 , a core sleeve 33 , a butterfly spring 32 with the small end facing the core sleeve, and a mounting plate 31 that are sequentially abutted together in the vertical direction. An adjusting screw 36 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 31 . The adjusting screw rod 36 is screwed together with the adjusting nut 34 and the locking nut 35 after passing through the butterfly spring 32 and the core sleeve 33 . The core sleeve 33 is provided with a rubber bushing 37 . The core sleeve 33 is externally connected with a rubber ring 38 . The outer peripheral surface of the core sleeve 33 is provided with several core sleeve connection rings 331 protruding into the rubber ring 38 . The rubber ring 38 is provided with a truncated cone counterbore 381 for pressing the disc spring 32 . The rubber ring 38 is externally connected with a quality ring 39 . Quality ring 39 is made of steel. The inner peripheral surface of the mass ring 39 is provided with several mass ring portion connecting rings 391 protruding into the rubber ring 38 . The damping structure is connected with the cross bar by welding the mounting plate 31 in the cross bar.

Embodiment three, the difference with embodiment two is:

Referring to FIG. 10 , a circular inner rod 51 is pierced inside the cross bar 5 . The inner rod 51 is a tubular structure. The inner surface of the crossbar 5 is provided with an inner friction layer 52 . The inner rod 51 includes a left rod 511 and a right rod 512 . The outer peripheral surfaces of the left rod 511 and the right rod 512 are provided with an outer friction layer 513 . The outer friction layer 513 covers the inner rod 51 along the circumferential direction of the inner rod 51 . The left end of the left rod 511 is connected with the cross bar 5 through the left energy-absorbing spring 53 . The right end surface of the left rod 511 is provided with a plurality of first reversing teeth 514 distributed along the circumference of the left rod. The right end of the right rod 512 is connected together with the cross bar 5 by the right energy-absorbing spring 54 . The left end surface of the right rod 512 is provided with a plurality of second reversing teeth 515 distributed along the circumferential direction of the right rod. The first reversing teeth 514 and the second reversing teeth 515 mesh together. Both the left rod 511 and the right rod 512 are rotatably connected with the cross bar 5 by abutting against the inner friction layer 52 through the outer friction layer 513 . The cross bar 5 is filled with a liquid friction agent.

When the crossbar 5 is twisted, the crossbar 5 will rotate relative to the inner rod 51 , and the outer friction layer 513 and the inner friction layer 52 will rub against each other during the movement to consume energy and prevent twisting. If the torque of the crossbar 5 causes the inner rod 51 to twist together, then the left rod 511 and the right rod 512 will rotate along the shaft under the guidance of the first reversing tooth 514 and the second reversing tooth 515. The separation process can not only cause the outer friction layer 513 to generate friction with the inner friction layer 52 to absorb energy, but also promote the deformation of the left energy-absorbing spring 53 and the right energy-absorbing spring 54 to absorb energy, thereby absorbing energy and preventing torsion. The role, so as to improve the anti-twisting ability of the crossbar. And the right energy-absorbing spring 54 and the left energy-absorbing spring 53 can also play the role of repairing the cross bar 5 .

Claims (9)

1. a kind of automobile front axle of cylinder structure, including cross bar and two cantilevers, the both ends of the cross bar are respectively provided with a vehicle frame Supporting part, the both sides of the cross bar are respectively provided with a cantilever, and the cantilever is provided with kingpin bore, it is characterised in that the cross bar is Circular tube structure, the vehicle frame supporting part are support block, and the vehicle frame supporting part welds together with the cross bar, the cantilever Front and rear surfaces are respectively provided with a steering protective block, and the bearing of two support stubs, described two bearings are provided with the kingpin bore Between be provided with the first gear and second gear that mesh together, the first gear and described two bearings are all coaxial, described Second gear is rotatably connected with the cantilever；Oil-filling mechanism is provided with the first gear, the oil-filling mechanism includes Oil-out, gas supplementing opening, seal head, driving seal head, which seal up the first spring of oil-out, cylinder body and be slidingly sealed, is connected to cylinder The cylinder body is divided into air cavity and oil pocket by the piston of body, the piston, and the piston is provided with the check valve of air cavity unlatching, The piston is linked together by connecting rod with the seal head, and the oil-out is connected by oil duct with the oil pocket, institute State gas supplementing opening by air flue with the air cavity to be connected, the oil-out is arranged at the tooth top of the first gear, the sealing Head stretches out the distance of the tooth top of the first gear more than the tooth top gap between the first gear and second gear.

2. the automobile front axle of cylinder structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the kingpin bore of the automobile front axle Difference of the heart away from distance between the steering protective block subtracted positioned at cross bar the same side is 5-50 millimeters.

3. the automobile front axle of cylinder structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the axis of the kingpin bore is both towards horizontal stroke The intermediate, inclined of bar is again towards the back sweep of cross bar, and the leaning angle of the stub axially bored line is 3 °~7.5 °, the stub hole axle The back rake angle of line is 1 °~7.5 °.

4. the automobile front axle of the cylinder structure according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that rotatable in the cross bar Ground is equipped with circular interior bar, and the outer peripheral face of the interior bar is provided with the first frictional layer, and the inner surface of the cross bar is provided with the second friction Layer, together with the interior bar and cross bar are abutted by first frictional layer and the second frictional layer.

5. the automobile front axle of cylinder structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the interior bar includes left bar and the right side Bar, the left end of the left bar are linked together by left energy-absorbing spring with the cross bar, and the right side of the left bar is provided with some First commutating tooth circumferentially distributed along left bar, the right-hand member of the right bar are linked together by right energy-absorbing spring with the cross bar, The left side of the right bar is provided with some second commutating tooths circumferentially distributed along right bar, first commutating tooth and the second commutating tooth Mesh together.

6. the automobile front axle of cylinder structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that filled between the cross bar and interior bar There is rubbing agent.

7. the automobile front axle of the cylinder structure according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the cross bar is positioned at described Position between vehicle frame supporting part and cantilever is provided with installation cavity, and the upper lower wall of the installation cavity is provided with shock-damping structure, the damping Structure includes abutting the butterfly spring and installation of adjusting nut, core retainer plate, small end towards core retainer plate together successively along the vertical direction Plate, the regulation that the installing plate is threaded togather after being connected with through the butterfly spring and core retainer plate with the adjusting nut Screw rod, the core retainer plate are externally connected with rubber ring, and the rubber ring is externally connected with quality circles, and the rubber ring is provided with and pushes down butterfly bullet The taper type counterbore of spring.

8. the automobile front axle of cylinder structure according to claim 7, it is characterised in that rubber is provided with the core retainer plate and is served as a contrast Set.

9. the automobile front axle of cylinder structure according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the outer peripheral face of described core retainer plate is provided with Several core retainer plate portion connection rings stretched into rubber ring, the inner peripheral surface of the quality circles are stretched into the rubber ring provided with several Quality circles portion connection ring.