CN104900285B - A kind of administering method of the thing containing radionuclide contamination - Google Patents
A kind of administering method of the thing containing radionuclide contamination Download PDFInfo
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- CN104900285B CN104900285B CN201510161738.0A CN201510161738A CN104900285B CN 104900285 B CN104900285 B CN 104900285B CN 201510161738 A CN201510161738 A CN 201510161738A CN 104900285 B CN104900285 B CN 104900285B
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- pollutant
- flocculant
- water
- cleaning fluid
- solid
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001387 inorganic aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sr+2] AHBGXTDRMVNFER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910001631 strontium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 description 6
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005025 nuclear technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/10—Processing by flocculation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of administering method of thing containing radionuclide contamination, pollutant is liquid or small 70 microns of particulate matter：Add zeolite, flocculant, flocculation aid, regulation PH into fluid contaminants to stir 5~60 minutes, separation solids and liquid take supernatant to repeat said process to supernatant for several times and meets standard；Pollutant is the particulate matter that particle diameter is more than 70 microns：Separation solid and liquid after the cleaning fluid cleaning used, are then handled the liquid substance of gained using the method described in step A；Pollutant is large-area solid pollutant：Cleaning fluid after gel is applied on solid pollutant, flushing after water is placed is kept away, is handled after the cleaning agent on collection solid pollutant using the method described in step A.The present invention can effectively remove the cost expended in the radionuclide in solid, particle, powder and sewage, high treating effect, reduction radionuclide removal process, shorten processing time, reduce processing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage water treatment method, more particularly, to a kind of administering method of thing containing radionuclide contamination.
Background technology
Current nuclear technology is in many fields such as the energy, scientific research, medical treatment, industry, agricultural, military affairs, traffic, health care
Extensive use brings growing nuclear pollution problem.These radwastes exist greatly latent to environment and public health
Threatening.These radwastes are handled as global problem.
The current waste water control containing radionuclide, is handled, such method can be located using ion exchange more
Different kinds of ions is managed, but the time of processing is longer, is not suitable for the processing of large amount of sewage, is the processing of sewage, especially containing radiation
The processing of the sewage of property nucleic brings great inconvenience.
Traditional administering method is as using the mechanical cleaning process containing surfactant, ion-exchange-resin process, UF membrane
Method and the acid-hatching of young eggs etc., have capital expenditure height, processing cost is big, treatment effect is undesirable and it is many to easily cause secondary pollution etc.
Problem.The radionuclide removed in environment is extremely difficult.For large area low dosage radioactive pollution soil, physical-chemical process
Low nucleic cost of putting in processing soil-aqueous medium is high, and easily causes secondary pollution, it is difficult to operate on the spot.Recent study emphasis
Biochemical processing is increasingly turned to, research finds that many microbial adsorbents can be used for heavy metal and radioactivity heavy metal wastewater thereby
Processing.But because organism itself is limited by all many conditions, make it be difficult to be widely applied.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of administering method of thing containing radionuclide contamination, using existing flocculant
The method for being used alone or being used in combination with cleaning agent, effectively removes the radioactivity in solid, particle, powder and sewage
Nucleic, production and application is convenient, and stimulation effect is good, and flocculating effect is good, and cleaning performance is good, is consumed in reduction radionuclide removal process
The cost taken, shortens processing time, reduces processing cost.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：A kind of administering method of the thing containing radionuclide contamination, it is characterised in that：
Including following method and step：
A. pollutant is liquid：Zeolite, flocculant, flocculation aid, regulation PH are added into fluid contaminants and stirs 5~60 points
Clock, separation solids and liquid, take supernatant to repeat said process to supernatant for several times and meet standard；
B. pollutant is the particulate matter that particle diameter is less than 70 microns：Particulate matter is mixed with liquid pollutant using step A institutes
The method processing stated；
C. pollutant is the particulate matter that particle diameter is more than 70 microns：The particulate pollutant that particle diameter is more than 70 microns is used into volume
For 2~5 times of pollutant cleaning fluid under conditions of 50~300 DEG C, 1~20 atmospheric pressure of pressure 6 hours of stirring reaction with
On, it is cooled to after normal temperature and separates solid and liquid, is then handled the liquid substance of gained using the method described in step A
；
D. pollutant is large-area solid pollutant：Cleaning fluid is diluted with 5~10 times of warm water, surfactant is added
Add gelatinizing agent afterwards to stir, it is dirty that the cleaning fluid after gel then is applied into solid according to the amount of 0.5~2 liter/square metre
Contaminate on thing, keep away water and place more than 6 hours, using described in step A after the cleaning agent in flushing afterwards, collection solid pollutant
Method is handled.
The zeolite is the particle of 500~800 mesh sizes.
The flocculant is organic flocculant, inorganic molysite flocculant or the inorganic aluminate flocculant of polyacrylamide series
In any one.
The flocculation aid is bentonite or activated carbon.
The adjustment of the pH value can use sodium carbonate or iron chloride.
The cleaning fluid is the sea water solution of any one or a variety of mixtures in sylvite, ammonium salt, calcium salt and formic acid,
Seawater is that total concentration is more than 10% sodium chloride and the aqueous solution of magnesium chloride.
A kind of administering method of the thing containing radionuclide contamination of the present invention, is individually made using existing flocculant and cleaning agent
With or the method that is used in combination, effectively remove the radionuclide in solid, particle, powder and sewage, treatment effect
Good, production and application is convenient, and stimulation effect is good, and flocculating effect is good, and cleaning performance is good, is expended in reduction radionuclide removal process
Cost, shorten processing time, reduce processing cost.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed with reference to embodiment.
A kind of administering method of the thing containing radionuclide contamination, it is characterised in that：Including following method and step：
A. pollutant is liquid：Zeolite, flocculant, flocculation aid, regulation PH are added into fluid contaminants and stirs 5~60 points
Clock, separation solids and liquid, take supernatant to repeat said process to supernatant for several times and meet standard；
B. pollutant is the particulate matter that particle diameter is less than 70 microns：Particulate matter is mixed with liquid pollutant using step A institutes
The method processing stated；
C. pollutant is the particulate matter that particle diameter is more than 70 microns：The particulate pollutant that particle diameter is more than 70 microns is used into volume
For 2~5 times of pollutant cleaning fluid under conditions of 50~300 DEG C, 1~20 atmospheric pressure of pressure 6 hours of stirring reaction with
On, it is cooled to after normal temperature and separates solid and liquid, is then handled the liquid substance of gained using the method described in step A
；
D. pollutant is large-area solid pollutant：Cleaning fluid is diluted with 5~10 times of warm water, surfactant is added
Add gelatinizing agent afterwards to stir, it is dirty that the cleaning fluid after gel then is applied into solid according to the amount of 0.5~2 liter/square metre
Contaminate on thing, keep away water and place more than 6 hours, using described in step A after the cleaning agent in flushing afterwards, collection solid pollutant
Method is handled.
The zeolite is the particle of 500~800 mesh sizes.
The flocculant is organic flocculant, inorganic molysite flocculant or the inorganic aluminate flocculant of polyacrylamide series
In any one.
The flocculation aid is bentonite or activated carbon.
The adjustment of the pH value can use sodium carbonate or iron chloride.
The cleaning fluid is the sea water solution of any one or a variety of mixtures in sylvite, ammonium salt, calcium salt and formic acid,
Seawater is that total concentration is more than 10% sodium chloride and the aqueous solution of magnesium chloride.
The preparation of artificial seawater：The sodium chloride and 1.3% magnesium chloride of addition 10% in running water.
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and iodine are added among running water, seawater or artificial seawater
One or more in sour potassium, it is respectively 1mg/L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L to make concentration.
Experiment standard liquid used is respectively the artificial seawater solution of 1.0mg/L cesium chlorides, the people of 1.0mg/L strontium chlorides
The artificial seawater solution of work sea water solution and 0.4mg/L Potassiumiodates.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and Potassiumiodate are added in the seawater, make concentration respectively 1mg/
L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L.
According to sodium carbonate, 2% zeolite and 0.05% flocculant of mass percent addition 2% in simulating pollution water
Stirring 10 minutes, strontium in the clear water of upper strata is measured using ICP-MS
(Sr), iodine (I), caesium (Cs) concentration.Measurement result：Sr clearances are that 92.7%, I clearances are that 26.1%, Cs is gone
Except rate is 89.8%.Then the pH value of upper strata clear water is adjusted to 4~5, according to quality hundred in the upper strata clear water in above-mentioned processing 1
Hydrogen peroxide, 0.5% 10% ferric chloride in aqueous solution of fraction addition 0.1%, are stirred 10 minutes, in the same way in measurement
Sr, I, Cs concentration in layer clear water.Its measurement result：Sr clearances are that 93.3%, I clearances are that 68.8%, Cs clearances are
90.1%.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and Potassiumiodate are added in the seawater, make concentration respectively 1mg/
L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L.
The sodium carbonate according to mass fraction addition 0.5% and 1.6% zeolite and 0.05% flocculation in simulating pollution water
Agent is stirred 15 minutes.Then in the clear water of upper strata according to mass fraction add 1% sodium carbonate, 1% zeolite, 0.2% chlorination
The flocculant of calcium 0.05%, after stirring 15 minutes.Then, in the clear water of upper strata according to mass fraction add 0.5% 10% chlorine
Change water solution, after pH value is adjusted into 4~5, add 0.5% zeolite and 0.05% flocculant, stir 5 minutes.Finally, use
Sr, I, Cs concentration in ICP-MS measurement upper strata clear water.Measurement result：Sr clearances are that 90.9%, I clearances are 97.2%, Cs
Clearance is 99.3%.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and Potassiumiodate are added in the seawater, make concentration respectively 1mg/
L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L.
In simulating pollution water according to mass fraction add 1% sodium carbonate, 1.0% zeolite, 0.2% calcium chloride and
0.05% flocculant, after stirring 15 minutes.Then 0.4% zeolite and 0.05% flocculant are added in the clear water of upper strata, is pressed
8g frerrous chloride is added per 5ml supernatants according to volume, pH value is adjusted to 4~5, after stirring 10 minutes, is measured using ICP-MS
Sr, I, Cs concentration.Measurement result：Sr clearances are that 91.5%, I clearances are that 96.8%, Cs clearances are 96.5%
Embodiment 4
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and Potassiumiodate are added in artificial seawater, makes the concentration be respectively
1mg/L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L.
In simulating pollution water according to mass fraction add 1% sodium carbonate, 1.0% zeolite, 0.2% calcium chloride and
0.05% flocculant, after stirring 15 minutes, uses ICP-MS to measure Sr, I, Cs concentration in the clear water of upper strata.Measurement result：Sr
Clearance is that 82.5%, I clearances are that 32.7%, Cs clearances are 80.2%.
A said process is repeated after measurement, 0.4% zeolite, 0.05% flocculant is added, it is every according to volume
5ml supernatants add 8g frerrous chloride, and pH value is adjusted into 4~5, stir 10 minutes, then measure Sr, I, Cs in the clear water of upper strata
Concentration.Measurement result：Sr clearances are that 94.3%, I clearances are that 95.5%, Cs clearances are 97.9%.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and Potassiumiodate are added in artificial seawater, makes the concentration be respectively
1mg/L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L.
Potassium ferrocyanide, addition mass percent 5% are added in simulating pollution water according to 42mg/100ml ratio to distill
Water, according to 1g/100ml ratio add bentonite, according to mass percent 0.5% add 10% frerrous chloride brand-new it is water-soluble
Liquid, is stirred ten minutes.Measurement result：Sr clearances are that 25.3%, I clearances are that 10.9%, Cs clearances are 99.6%.
According to the sodium carbonate, 1.0% zeolite, 0.2% calcium chloride of mass percent addition 1% in simulating pollution water
And 0.05% flocculant, stir 15 minutes.Then supernatant liquor is taken out, repeats an aforesaid operations.Finally, on upper strata
The zeolite and 0.05% flocculant of addition 0.4% and the frerrous chloride according to the addition of mass percent 0.5% 10% in clear water
The brand-new aqueous solution, 4~5 are adjusted to by pH value, after stirring 10 minutes, then measure Sr, I, Cs concentration in upper water.Measurement result：
Sr clearances are that 93.6%, I clearances are that 99.8%, Cs clearances are 98.9%.
Embodiment 6
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride is added in running water makes concentration be 1mg/L.
According to the zeolite, 0.3% aluminum sulfate, 0.45% carbonic acid of mass fraction addition 0.75% in simulating pollution water
Sodium and 0.03% flocculant, after stirring 10 minutes, measure upper strata clear water intermediate ion concentration.Measurement result：Sr clearances are
96.2%.
Embodiment 7
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride is added in running water makes concentration be 1mg/L.
1.5% zeolite and 0.03% flocculant are added according to mass fraction in simulating pollution water, after stirring 10 minutes, is surveyed
Measure upper water intermediate ion concentration.Measurement result：Sr clearances are 99.7%.
Embodiment 8
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride are added in running water, it is respectively 1mg/L, 8mg/L to make concentration.
Added in simulating pollution water 0.07% zeolite, 0.3% aluminum sulfate, 0.45% sodium carbonate and 0.03%
Flocculant, after stirring 10 minutes, measures upper strata clear water intermediate ion concentration.Measurement result：Sr clearances are 89.1%, Cs clearances
For 92.2%.
Embodiment 9
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride is added in running water makes concentration be 1mg/L.
According to sodium carbonate, 1% zeolite and 0.5% calcium chloride of mass fraction addition 1% in simulating pollution water, stir
Mix after 10 minutes, Sr concentration in the clear water of upper strata is measured using ICP-MS.Measurement result：Sr clearances are 99.9%.
Embodiment 10
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Strontium chloride is added in running water, it is 8mg/L to make concentration.
According to the zeolite and 0.3% aluminum sulfate of mass fraction addition 3% in simulating pollution water, after stirring 10 minutes,
Measure Cs concentration in the clear water of upper strata.Measurement result：Cs clearances are 99.9%.
Embodiment 11
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride are added in running water, it is respectively 1mg/L, 8mg/L to make concentration.
In hot area collection radioactive pollution fallen leaves, branch etc., the radioactive pollutant being collected into is put into powder
Broken machine is crushed, and collects the pollutant powder below 700 mesh according to volume ratio 1:In 5 input simulating pollution water, used after being well mixed
Scintillation counter determines mixture radioactivity amount, and specific radioactivity is 40830cpm after testing, then by mixed pollutants
According to zeolite, 0.3% aluminum sulfate, 0.45% sodium carbonate and 0.03% flocculant of mass fraction addition 0.75%, stir
Mix after 10 minutes, centrifuge, take supernatant, after repeating said process once, the specific radioactivity of supernatant liquor is
2613cpm, the specific activity before clearance=(specific activity after specific activity-improvement before improvement)/improvement, calculating obtains clearance
For 93.6%.Water after separation can be recycled in an experiment, and the sediment containing radioactive substance need to be stored in appointed place.
Embodiment 12
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Adding cesium chloride in the seawater makes concentration be 1mg/L.Put in hot area collection
Radioactive pollution fallen leaves, branch etc., are put into pulverizer by the radioactive pollutant being collected into and crush, collect the pollution below 700 mesh
Thing powder is according to volume ratio 1:In 8 input simulating pollution water, mixture radioactivity amount is determined with scintillation counter after being well mixed,
After testing specific radioactivity be 39620cpm, then by mixed pollutants according to mass fraction add 1.5% zeolite,
0.02% silver nitrate and 0.03% flocculant, after stirring 10 minutes, centrifuge, measure the radioactivity amount of upper strata clear water.
Measurement result：The specific radioactivity of supernatant liquor is 2060cpm, clearance=(the ratio work after specific activity-improvement before improvement
Degree)/administer before specific activity, calculating obtains clearance for 94.8%.Water after separation can be recycled in an experiment, contain radiation
The sediment of property material need to be stored in appointed place.
Embodiment 13
The preparation of simulating pollution water：Cesium chloride, strontium chloride and Potassiumiodate are added in artificial seawater, makes the concentration be respectively
1mg/L, 8mg/L and 10mg/L.
In hot area collection radioactive pollution fallen leaves, branch etc., the radioactive pollutant being collected into is put into powder
Broken machine is crushed, and collects the pollutant powder below 700 mesh according to volume ratio 1:In 10 input simulating pollution water, used after being well mixed
Scintillation counter determines mixture radioactivity amount, and specific radioactivity is 42050cpm after testing, then by mixed pollutants
According to sodium carbonate, 1% zeolite and 0.5% calcium chloride of mass fraction addition 1%, after stirring 10 minutes, centrifuge, survey
Measure the radioactivity amount of upper strata clear water.Measurement result：The specific radioactivity of supernatant liquor is 210cpm, clearance=(before improvement
Specific activity-improvement after specific activity)/administer before specific activity, calculating obtains clearance for 99.5%.Water after separation can be
Recycled in experiment, the sediment containing radioactive substance need to be stored in appointed place.
Embodiment 14
In hot area collection radioactive pollution fallen leaves, branch etc., the radioactive pollutant being collected into is put into powder
Broken machine is crushed, and collects pollutants more than 700 mesh, by a certain amount of radioactive pollution soil (specific radioactivity is 1020cpm),
With cleaning fluid with 1:Mixture, is then put into high-pressure reactor, is warmed to 220 DEG C, pressure is maintained at by 2.5 ratio mixing
2MPa, operation is cooled down after 30 minutes, suction filtration, drying, it is 42cpm to determine soil radioactivity amount using NaI scintillation counters,
According to formula：
Specific activity before clearance=(specific activity after specific activity-improvement before improvement)/improvement
It is 95.9% to calculate clearance.Sewage containing radioactive pollutant is handled using step A methods.
Real real 15
By a certain amount of radioactive pollution soil (specific radioactivity is 1020cpm), with cleaning fluid with 1:2.5 ratio is mixed
Close, then mixture is put into high-pressure reactor, be warmed to 180 DEG C, pressure is maintained at 1MPa, operation carries out cold after 30 minutes
But, suction filtration, drying, it is 103cpm to determine soil radioactivity amount using NaI scintillation counters, according to formula：
Specific activity before clearance=(specific activity after specific activity-improvement before improvement)/improvement
It is 89.9% to calculate clearance.Sewage containing radioactive pollutant is handled using step A methods.
Embodiment 16
By a certain amount of burning ash (specific radioactivity is 3000cpm), with cleaning fluid with 1:2.5 ratio mixing, is added
1M hydrochloric acid solution regulation PH to 6, cooled down after operation 30min under the conditions of 100 DEG C, suction filtration, drying, flashed using NaI
It is 1635cpm that counter, which determines soil radioactivity amount, according to formula：
Specific activity before clearance=(specific activity after specific activity-improvement before improvement)/improvement
It is 45.5% to calculate clearance.Sewage containing radioactive pollutant is handled using step A methods.
Real real 17
Cleaning fluid is diluted with 8 times of warm water, addition gelatinizing agent after surfactant is added and stirs, then by gel
Cleaning fluid afterwards is applied on solid pollutant (specific radioactivity is 4038cpm) according to the amount of 1 liter/square metre, is kept away water and is put
Put 6 hours, handled together after the cleaning agent in flushing afterwards, collection solid pollutant.At NaI scintillation counter measure
Solid radioactive amount after reason is 460cpm, according to formula：
Specific activity before clearance=(specific activity after specific activity-improvement before improvement)/improvement
It is 88.6% to calculate clearance.Sewage containing radioactive pollutant is handled using step A methods.
It can be proved by above-mentioned experiment, the present invention can make element-specific rapid precipitation and remove, particularly to Sr, I, Cs
There is efficient removal ability.For the processing of radionuclide, higher clearance is equally also had.
The detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, the present invention is not limited with this, it is all at this
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made in the mentality of designing of invention etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of administering method of the large-area solid pollutant containing radioactive pollutant, it is characterised in that：Including following method
Step：
Pollutant is large-area solid pollutant：Cleaning fluid is diluted with 5~10 times of warm water, adds after surfactant and adds
Gelatinizing agent stirs, and is then applied to the cleaning fluid after gel on solid pollutant according to the amount of 0.5~2 liter/square metre,
Keep away water to place more than 6 hours, after the cleaning fluid after gel in flushing afterwards, collection solid pollutant, into fluid contaminants
Zeolite, flocculant and flocculation aid are added, regulation PH is stirred 5~60 minutes, and separation solids and liquid take supernatant to repeat for several times
Said process to supernatant meets standard；
The zeolite is the particle of 500~800 mesh sizes；
In organic flocculant, inorganic molysite flocculant or inorganic aluminate flocculant of the flocculant for polyacrylamide series
Any one；
The flocculation aid is bentonite or activated carbon；
The adjustment of the pH value uses strong acid weak base salt, strong base-weak acid salt, inorganic acid or highly basic；
The cleaning fluid is the sea water solution of any one or a variety of mixtures in sylvite, ammonium salt, calcium salt and formic acid, seawater
It is more than 10% sodium chloride and the aqueous solution of magnesium chloride for total concentration.
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| CN110563434B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2022-11-08 | 湖州师范学院 | Buffer backfill material for high-level radioactive waste repository and preparation method thereof |
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| FR2746328B1 (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1998-05-29 | Stmi Soc Tech Milieu Ionisant | ORGANOMINERAL DECONTAMINATION GEL AND ITS USE FOR THE DECONTAMINATION OF SURFACES |
| CN101326276A (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2008-12-17 | 美利肯公司 | Cleaning device |
| DE102007038947A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-26 | Areva Np Gmbh | Method of decontaminating surfaces of nuclear installations contaminated with alpha emitters |
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