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CN104932594B - Ripple controlled switching regulator and method for ripple controlled switching regulator - Google Patents

Ripple controlled switching regulator and method for ripple controlled switching regulator Download PDF

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CN104932594B
CN104932594B CN201410108080.2A CN201410108080A CN104932594B CN 104932594 B CN104932594 B CN 104932594B CN 201410108080 A CN201410108080 A CN 201410108080A CN 104932594 B CN104932594 B CN 104932594B
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output voltage
voltage
inductor
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control switching
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CN104932594A (en
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陈世杰
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Realtek Semiconductor Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a ripple control switching type voltage stabilizer which comprises a switch, an inductor, a capacitor, an output voltage processing unit and a control unit. The switch is used for selectively outputting a first reference voltage or a second reference voltage as an output voltage according to a control signal. The inductor is coupled to the switcher and generates an inductor output voltage according to the output voltage. The capacitor is coupled to the inductor. The output voltage processing unit is used for outputting a processed inductor output voltage according to the output voltage and the inductor output voltage. The control unit is used for outputting the control signal at least according to the processed inductor output voltage.

Description

涟波控制切换式稳压器以及涟波控制切换式稳压方法Ripple controlled switching regulator and method for ripple controlled switching regulator

技术领域technical field

本发明所揭示的实施例相关于切换式稳压器(switching regulator),尤指一种涟波控制切换式稳压器(switching regulator with ripple-based control)以及相关涟波控制切换式稳压方法。The embodiments disclosed in the present invention relate to a switching regulator, especially a switching regulator with ripple-based control and a related ripple-based switching regulator method. .

背景技术Background technique

涟波控制切换式稳压器特色可以即时地将跨于滤波电容的输出电压反馈,并据以判断。是否要对电感作充电或是放电,当反馈回来的输出电压小于预设的参考电压时,则会通过打开上桥的晶体管开关以及关闭下桥的晶体管开关一个固定的供电时间(on time)来对电感进行充电的动作,提高切换式稳压器的输出电压。当供电时间结束,且反馈回来的输出电压大于预设的参考电压时,则会通过关闭上桥的晶体管开关以及打开下桥的晶体管开关来对电感进行放电的动作,降低切换式稳压器的输出电压。The feature of the ripple control switching regulator can instantly feed back the output voltage across the filter capacitor and judge accordingly. Whether to charge or discharge the inductor, when the output voltage fed back is less than the preset reference voltage, it will be determined by turning on the transistor switch of the upper bridge and turning off the transistor switch of the lower bridge for a fixed power supply time (on time). The action of charging the inductor increases the output voltage of the switching regulator. When the power supply time is over and the output voltage fed back is greater than the preset reference voltage, the inductor will be discharged by turning off the transistor switch of the upper bridge and turning on the transistor switch of the lower bridge, reducing the switching voltage regulator. The output voltage.

然而,由于滤波电容具有寄生电感,当切换式稳压器在充电的时候,滤波电容的寄生电感会形成正跨压;反之当切换式稳压器在放电的时候,滤波电容的寄生电感会形成负跨压。因此当供电时间结束时,滤波电容的寄生电感的正跨压会瞬间转换为负跨压,将滤波电容的整体输出电压往下拉,有可能会立刻又低于预设的参考电压,造成连续触发两次供电时间(即双重脉冲),导致打入过多的能量于电感并且加剧输出电压的次谐波振荡(subharmonic oscillation)。因此,现有技术中通常直接量测电感电流而非滤波电容的电压,以避开寄生电感的影响,然直接量测电感电流的作法成本较高且量测误差较大。有鉴于此,本领域亟需一种新颖的涟波控制切换式稳压器以改善上述问题。However, due to the parasitic inductance of the filter capacitor, when the switching regulator is charging, the parasitic inductance of the filter capacitor will form a positive cross-voltage; conversely, when the switching regulator is discharging, the parasitic inductance of the filter capacitor will form Negative voltage across. Therefore, when the power supply time is over, the positive cross-voltage of the parasitic inductance of the filter capacitor will instantly convert to a negative cross-voltage, which will pull down the overall output voltage of the filter capacitor, and may be lower than the preset reference voltage immediately, resulting in continuous triggering Two power-on times (ie, double pulses) lead to putting too much energy into the inductor and exacerbating the subharmonic oscillation of the output voltage. Therefore, in the prior art, the inductor current is usually directly measured instead of the voltage of the filter capacitor to avoid the influence of the parasitic inductance. However, the method of directly measuring the inductor current is expensive and has a large measurement error. In view of this, there is an urgent need in the art for a novel ripple control switching regulator to improve the above problems.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的之一在于提出一种能够校正滤波电容的寄生电感效应的涟波控制切换式稳压器以及相关方法,以改善次谐波振荡的问题。One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a ripple control switching regulator capable of correcting the parasitic inductance effect of the filter capacitor and a related method to improve the problem of sub-harmonic oscillation.

依据本发明一示范性实施例,提出一种涟波控制切换式稳压器,包含有一切换器、一电感、一电容、一输出电压处理单元以及一控制单元。其中该切换器用来依据一控制信号来选择性地将一第一参考电压或一第二参考电压输出为一输出电压。该电感耦接于该切换器,并依据该输出电压来产生一电感输出电压。该电容耦接于该电感。该输出电压处理单元用来依据该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来输出一处理后电感输出电压。该控制单元用来至少依据该处理后电感输出电压来输出该控制信号。According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a ripple control switching regulator is provided, including a switcher, an inductor, a capacitor, an output voltage processing unit, and a control unit. Wherein the switch is used to selectively output a first reference voltage or a second reference voltage as an output voltage according to a control signal. The inductor is coupled to the switch, and generates an inductor output voltage according to the output voltage. The capacitor is coupled to the inductor. The output voltage processing unit is used to output a processed inductor output voltage according to the output voltage and the inductor output voltage. The control unit is used for outputting the control signal at least according to the processed inductor output voltage.

依据本发明另一示范性实施例,提出一种涟波控制(ripple-based control)切换式稳压方法,用来控制一涟波控制切换式稳压器(switching regulator),其中该涟波控制切换式稳压器包含有一切换器、一电感耦接于该切换器以及一电容耦接于该电感,该涟波控制切换式稳压方法包含有:利用该切换器来依据一控制信号来选择性地将一第一参考电压或一第二参考电压输出为一输出电压;利用该电感来依据该输出电压来产生一电感输出电压;依据该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来输出一处理后电感输出电压;以及利用该控制单元来至少依据该处理后电感输出电压来输出该控制信号。According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a ripple-based control switching regulator method is proposed for controlling a ripple-based switching regulator, wherein the ripple-based control The switching regulator includes a switch, an inductor coupled to the switch, and a capacitor coupled to the inductor, the ripple control switching regulator method includes: using the switch to select according to a control signal Outputting a first reference voltage or a second reference voltage as an output voltage; using the inductor to generate an inductor output voltage according to the output voltage; outputting a processed inductor according to the output voltage and the inductor output voltage an output voltage; and using the control unit to output the control signal at least according to the processed inductor output voltage.

本说明书中所揭示的实施例利用校正寄生电感效应以避免双重脉冲,同时相较于传统设计中直接量测电感电流的作法,本说明书中利用校正寄生电感效应的作法具有成本较低,而且误差较小的优点。The embodiment disclosed in this specification utilizes the correction of parasitic inductance effect to avoid double pulse. At the same time, compared with the practice of directly measuring the inductor current in the traditional design, the practice of correcting the parasitic inductance effect in this specification has lower cost and less error. Minor pluses.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的涟波控制切换式稳压器的示范性实施例的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a ripple control switching regulator of the present invention.

图2为滤波电容中各元件的电压以及电流的波形图。FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of the voltage and current of each element in the filter capacitor.

图3为本发明寄生电感校正单元的示范性实施例的电路图。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a parasitic inductance correction unit of the present invention.

图4为本发明一特定电压增益调整单元的示范性实施例的电路图。FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a specific voltage gain adjustment unit of the present invention.

图5为依据本发明涟波控制切换式稳压方法的一实施例的流程图。FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a ripple control switching voltage stabilization method according to the present invention.

其中,附图标记说明如下:Wherein, the reference signs are explained as follows:

100 涟波控制切换式稳压器100 Ripple Controlled Switching Regulator

102 切换器102 switcher

104 电感104 inductance

106 滤波电容106 filter capacitor

108 输出电压处理单元108 output voltage processing unit

110 控制单元110 control unit

112 特定电压增益调整单元112 Specific voltage gain adjustment unit

1022、1024 金属氧化半导体1022, 1024 metal oxide semiconductor

1082 双重脉冲检测单元1082 double pulse detection unit

1084 电压校正单元1084 Voltage Correction Unit

10842 寄生电感校正单元10842 Parasitic Inductance Correction Unit

10844 微分器10844 Differentiator

1102 比较器1102 Comparator

1104 固定导通时间单元1104 Constant on-time unit

1106 非重叠处理单元1106 Non-overlapping processing units

108422、1122 操作放大器108422, 1122 Operational Amplifiers

108424 增益调整电路108424 Gain adjustment circuit

108426、1124 分压电路108426, 1124 voltage divider circuit

S502~S514 步骤Steps from S502 to S514

具体实施方式detailed description

请参考图1,图1为本发明的涟波控制(ripple-based control)切换式稳压器(switching regulator)100的示范性实施例的示意图。涟波控制切换式稳压器100用来在不同负载的情况下提供稳定的电压,其主要功能区块以及本实施例的技术特征将详述如下。首先,一切换器102用来依据一上桥控制信号Sup以及一下桥控制信号Sdown来控制串接一P型金属氧化半导体1022以及一N型金属氧化半导体1024,来将一供应电压VCC或是一接地电压GND输出为一输出电压Vs(请注意,本发明并不以N型金属氧化半导体以及P型金属氧化半导体为限,实际上任何能够提供同样功能的开关,皆属于本发明的范围)。具体来说,当上桥控制信号Sup控制切换器102中的P型金属氧化半导体1022导通,以及下桥控制信号Sdown控制切换器102中的N型金属氧化半导体1024不导通时,供应电压VCC会对耦接于切换器102的一电感104进行充电的动作;反之,当上桥控制信号Sup控制切换器102中的P型金属氧化半导体1022不导通,以及下桥控制信号Sdown控制切换器102中的N型金属氧化半导体1024导通时,接地电压GND会对耦接于切换器102的电感104进行放电的动作。一般来说,涟波控制切换式稳压器100会在判断电感104的一电感输出电压Vripple小于一特定电压Vref时,控制切换器102对电感104进行充电一固定的供电时间(on time)Tontime,当供电时间Tontime结束则停止充电,且继续监控电感输出电压Vripple是否小于特定电压Vref,一旦电感输出电压Vripple小于特定电压Vref,则会再度控制切换器102对电感104进行充电供电时间TontimePlease refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a ripple-based control switching regulator (switching regulator) 100 of the present invention. The ripple control switching regulator 100 is used to provide stable voltage under different load conditions, and its main functional blocks and technical features of this embodiment will be described in detail as follows. Firstly, a switcher 102 is used to control a P-type MOS 1022 and an N-type MOS 1024 connected in series according to an upper-bridge control signal S up and a lower-bridge control signal S down to switch a supply voltage VCC or It is a ground voltage GND output as an output voltage V s (please note that the present invention is not limited to N-type metal oxide semiconductors and P-type metal oxide semiconductors, in fact any switch that can provide the same function belongs to the present invention scope). Specifically, when the upper-bridge control signal S up controls the P-type MOS 1022 in the switch 102 to conduct, and the lower-bridge control signal S down controls the N-type MOS 1024 in the switch 102 to be non-conductive, The supply voltage VCC will charge an inductor 104 coupled to the switch 102; otherwise, when the upper bridge control signal S up controls the P-type metal oxide semiconductor 1022 in the switch 102 to be non-conductive, and the lower bridge control signal S down controls the action that the ground voltage GND discharges the inductor 104 coupled to the switch 102 when the NMOS 1024 in the switch 102 is turned on. Generally speaking, the ripple control switching regulator 100 will control the switcher 102 to charge the inductor 104 for a fixed power supply time (on time) when it determines that an inductor output voltage V ripple of the inductor 104 is less than a specific voltage V ref )T ontime , when the power supply time T ontime ends, the charging will stop, and continue to monitor whether the inductor output voltage V ripple is lower than the specific voltage V ref , once the inductor output voltage V ripple is lower than the specific voltage V ref , it will control the switch 102 again to the inductor 104 charging and supplying power for a time T ontime .

涟波控制切换式稳压器100中使用一滤波电容106跨于电感输出电压Vripple以及接地电压GND之间,滤波电容106会具有寄生电阻与寄生电感效应,因此使用一电容C、一电感L以及一电阻R来代表等效的滤波电容106。请同时参考图2,图2为滤波电容106中各元件的电压以及电流的波形图。当切换器102对电感104进行充电时(即是一时间t1到一时间t2,其中时间t1到时间t2的间隔为供电时间Tontime;以及一时间t3到一时间t4,其中时间t3到时间t4的间隔为供电时间Tontime),会有一电流Iac流经滤波电容106,且电流Iac的斜率为正值,由图2中可以得之,电容C的一跨压Vc的斜率的微分也会是正值,电阻R的一跨压VESR的斜率亦为正值,电感L的一跨压VESL则会保持固定的正值。最后将跨压Vc、跨压VESR以及跨压VESL相加则会得到电感输出电压Vripple。反之,当切换器102对电感104进行放电时(即是一时间t2到一时间t3;以及一时间t4到一时间t5),电流Iac的斜率为负值,由图2中可以得之,电容C的跨压Vc的斜率的微分也会是负值,电阻R的跨压VESR的斜率亦为负值,电感L的跨压VESL则会保持固定的负值。The ripple control switching regulator 100 uses a filter capacitor 106 across the inductor output voltage V ripple and the ground voltage GND. The filter capacitor 106 has parasitic resistance and parasitic inductance effects, so a capacitor C and an inductor L are used. and a resistor R to represent the equivalent filter capacitor 106 . Please refer to FIG. 2 at the same time. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of the voltage and current of each element in the filter capacitor 106 . When the switch 102 charges the inductance 104 (that is, a time t1 to a time t2, wherein the interval from the time t1 to the time t2 is the power supply time T ontime ; and a time t3 to a time t4, wherein the time t3 to the time t4 The interval is the power supply time T ontime ), there will be a current I ac flowing through the filter capacitor 106, and the slope of the current I ac is a positive value, as can be obtained from Figure 2, the differential of the slope of a voltage V c across the capacitor C It will also be a positive value, the slope of the voltage V ESR across the resistor R is also positive, and the voltage V ESL across the inductor L will maintain a fixed positive value. Finally, add the cross voltage V c , the cross voltage V ESR and the cross voltage V ESL to obtain the inductor output voltage V ripple . Conversely, when the switch 102 discharges the inductor 104 (that is, from a time t2 to a time t3; and from a time t4 to a time t5), the slope of the current I ac is a negative value, which can be obtained from FIG. 2 , The differential of the slope of the voltage V c across the capacitor C will also be negative, the slope of the voltage V ESR across the resistor R will also be negative, and the voltage V ESL across the inductor L will maintain a constant negative value.

因此,每当上桥控制信号Sup控制切换器102中的P型金属氧化半导体1022导通并维持供电时间Tontime,之后改由切换器102中的N型金属氧化半导体1024导通,电感输出电压Vripple就会由于跨压VESL瞬间减少而跟着瞬间降低,使得电感输出电压Vripple低于特定电压Vref,并且立即再度触发上桥控制信号Sup控制切换器102中的P型金属氧化半导体1022导通并维持供电时间Tontime,也就是双重脉冲(double pulse)(未绘示于图中),造成对电感104过度的充电。有鉴于此,本发明的特征即在于能够使用一输出电压处理单元108来校正电感输出电压Vripple,也就是将电感输出电压Vripple中寄生电感L部分(跨压VESL)予以消除,避免双重脉冲所带来的不良效应。Therefore, whenever the upper bridge control signal S up controls the P-type MOS 1022 in the switcher 102 to conduct and maintain the power supply time T ontime , then the N-type MOS 1024 in the switcher 102 is turned on, and the inductor output The voltage V ripple will decrease instantaneously due to the instantaneous decrease of the cross-voltage V ESL , so that the inductor output voltage V ripple is lower than the specific voltage V ref , and immediately triggers the upper bridge control signal S up again to control the oxidation of the P-type metal in the switch 102 The semiconductor 1022 is turned on and maintains the power supply time T ontime , that is, a double pulse (not shown in the figure), which causes excessive charging of the inductor 104 . In view of this, the feature of the present invention is that an output voltage processing unit 108 can be used to correct the inductor output voltage V ripple , that is, the part of the parasitic inductance L (cross-voltage V ESL ) in the inductor output voltage V ripple is eliminated to avoid double Adverse effects brought about by the pulse.

输出电压处理单元108用来依据输出电压Vs以及电感输出电压Vripple来输出一处理后电感输出电压Vd,输出电压处理单元108包含有一双重脉冲检测单元1082以及一电压校正单元1084。其中双重脉冲检测单元1082用来检测输出电压Vs是否含有双重脉冲并产生一检测结果Sdet,例如当输出电压Vs中两脉冲发生的时间间隔小于一特定时间时,即判断输出电压Vs含有双重脉冲,双重脉冲检测单元1082的判断方法可有许多设计变化,然只要基于相同的依据或是能够产生类似的效果,都属于本发明的范围。此外,电压校正单元1084用来依据检测结果Sdet、输出电压Vs以及电感输出电压Vripple来产生该处理后电感输出电压,电压校正单元1084包含有一寄生电感校正单元10842以及一微分器10844。寄生电感校正单元10842则用来依据检测结果Sdet、输出电压Vs以及电感输出电压Vripple产生不含有寄生电感L的跨压VESL的一校正输出电压Vcal。请再度参考图2,由于电路设计者一般来说希望使用如电流Iac的信息来和特定电压Vref进行比较,但从电感输出电压Vripple消去电感L的跨压VESL所得到的校正输出电压Vcal主要电容C的跨压Vc的信息(电阻R的跨压VESR较小可忽略),而跨压Vc需要经过微分才会和电流Iac形成同步的变化,也就是说,在得到校正输出电压Vcal之后,需要再利用微分器10844来对校正输出电压Vcal进行微分,并产生处理后电感输出电压VdThe output voltage processing unit 108 is used to output a processed inductor output voltage V d according to the output voltage V s and the inductor output voltage V ripple . The output voltage processing unit 108 includes a double pulse detection unit 1082 and a voltage correction unit 1084 . The double pulse detection unit 1082 is used to detect whether the output voltage V s contains double pulses and generate a detection result S det , for example, when the time interval between two pulses in the output voltage V s is less than a specific time, the output voltage V s is judged Including double pulses, the judging method of the double pulse detection unit 1082 can have many design changes, but as long as they are based on the same basis or can produce similar effects, they all belong to the scope of the present invention. In addition, the voltage correction unit 1084 is used to generate the processed inductor output voltage according to the detection result S det , the output voltage V s and the inductor output voltage V ripple . The voltage correction unit 1084 includes a parasitic inductance correction unit 10842 and a differentiator 10844 . The parasitic inductance correction unit 10842 is used to generate a corrected output voltage V cal without the parasitic inductance L across the voltage V ESL according to the detection result S det , the output voltage V s and the inductor output voltage V ripple . Please refer to Figure 2 again, because circuit designers generally want to use information such as current I ac to compare with a specific voltage V ref , but the corrected output obtained by canceling the inductor L’s cross voltage V ESL from the inductor output voltage V ripple The voltage V cal is mainly the information of the cross-voltage V c of the capacitor C (the cross-voltage V ESR of the resistor R is small and negligible), and the cross-voltage V c needs to be differentiated to form a synchronous change with the current I ac , that is, After the corrected output voltage V cal is obtained, the differentiator 10844 needs to be used to differentiate the corrected output voltage V cal to generate the processed inductor output voltage V d .

关于寄生电感校正单元10842,请参考图3,图3为本发明寄生电感校正单元10842的示范性实施例的电路图。寄生电感校正单元10842包含有一操作放大器108422、一增益调整电路108424以及一分压电路108426。其中操作放大器108422包含有一第一输入端、一第二输入端以及一输出端,其中该第一输入端用来接收电感输出电压Vripple,该输出端输出校正输出电压Vcal,增益调整电路108424具有一可变增益值g,用来对输出电压Vs进行一增益处理并产生一增益输出电压VgRegarding the parasitic inductance correction unit 10842, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the parasitic inductance correction unit 10842 of the present invention. The parasitic inductance correction unit 10842 includes an operational amplifier 108422 , a gain adjustment circuit 108424 and a voltage dividing circuit 108426 . The operational amplifier 108422 includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is used to receive the inductor output voltage V ripple , the output terminal outputs the corrected output voltage V cal , and the gain adjustment circuit 108424 has a variable gain value g, which is used to perform a gain process on the output voltage V s and generate a gain output voltage V g ,

Vg=Vs*g (1)V g =V s *g (1)

其中可变增益值g可依据检测结果Sdet来调整。举例来说,在涟波控制切换式稳压器100上电时,当检测结果Sdet显示输出电压Vs含有双重脉冲时,增益调整电路108424的增益值g由一起始增益开始增加,直到检测结果Sdet显示输出电压Vs不含有双重脉冲为止。而下一次检测结果Sdet又显示输出电压Vs含有双重脉冲时,增益调整电路108424的增益值g则可由当下增益值开始增加,增益调整电路108424的调整方法可有许多设计变化,然只要基于相同的依据或是能够产生类似的效果,都属于本发明的范围。应注意的是,由于输出电压Vs的波形基本上会和电感L的跨压VESL一致,因此再此通过输出电压Vs来消除电感输出电压Vripple中的跨压VESL的部分,故可将方程式(1)改写如下:The variable gain value g can be adjusted according to the detection result S det . For example, when the ripple control switching regulator 100 is powered on, when the detection result S det shows that the output voltage V s contains double pulses, the gain value g of the gain adjustment circuit 108424 increases from an initial gain until the detection result S det The result S det shows that the output voltage V s does not contain double pulses. When the next test result S det shows that the output voltage V s contains double pulses, the gain value g of the gain adjustment circuit 108424 can be increased from the current gain value. The adjustment method of the gain adjustment circuit 108424 can have many design changes, but as long as it is based on The same basis or the ability to produce similar effects all belong to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that since the waveform of the output voltage V s is basically consistent with the voltage V ESL across the inductor L, the output voltage V s is used to eliminate the part of the voltage V ESL across the inductor output voltage V ripple , so Equation (1) can be rewritten as follows:

Vg=VESL*x (2)V g =V ESL *x (2)

其中一比值x为增益输出电压Vg与电感L的跨压VESL的比值。One of the ratio x is the ratio of the gain output voltage V g to the voltage across the inductor L V ESL .

分压电路108426包含有串接的一第一电阻R1以及一第二电阻R2,其中第一电阻R1耦接于操作放大器108422的该输出端以及操作放大器108422的该第二输入端之间,第二电阻R2耦接于操作放大器108422的该第二输入端以及增益调整电路108424之间,形成负反馈电路,操作放大器108422的该正第二输入端的电压保持相同,因此,由以下方程式(3)可以得到:The voltage dividing circuit 108426 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 connected in series, wherein the first resistor R1 is coupled between the output terminal of the operational amplifier 108422 and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier 108422, the second Two resistors R2 are coupled between the second input terminal of the operational amplifier 108422 and the gain adjustment circuit 108424 to form a negative feedback circuit, and the voltage of the positive second input terminal of the operational amplifier 108422 remains the same, therefore, by the following equation (3) can get:

VV calcal == (( RR 11 ++ RR 22 RR 22 )) (( VV ESRESR ++ VV cc )) ++ VV ESRESR (( RR 11 ++ RR 22 RR 22 -- RR 11 ** xx RR 22 )) -- -- -- (( 33 ))

如此一来,当In this way, when

xx == RR 11 ++ RR 22 RR 11 -- -- -- (( 44 ))

时,可以将校正输出电压Vcal中电感L的跨压VESL的部分完全消除,即, the part of the voltage V ESL across the inductor L in the corrected output voltage V cal can be completely eliminated, that is

VV calcal == (( RR 11 ++ RR 22 RR 22 )) (( VV ESRESR ++ VV cc )) -- -- -- (( 55 ))

应注意的是,由于经过分压电路108426之后,从方程式(5)可得知,校正输出电压Vcal和电容C的跨压Vc之间大约会有的倍数关系(电阻R的跨压VESR较小可忽略)。因此,特定电压Vref也应该给予一相同的修正。请参考图4,图4为本发明一特定电压增益调整单元112的示范性实施例的电路图。特定电压增益调整单元112包含有一操作放大器1122以及一分压电路1124,其中操作放大器1122包含有一第一输入端、一第二输入端以及一输出端,该第一输入端用来接收特定电压Vref,该输出端输出一增益特定电压Vref_g。分压电路1124则使用和分压电路108426相同的该第一电阻以及该第二电阻以保有相同的倍数关系。It should be noted that after passing through the voltage divider circuit 108426 , it can be known from equation (5 ) that there is approximately The multiple relationship (the cross-voltage V ESR of the resistor R is small and negligible). Therefore, the specified voltage V ref should also be given a similar correction. Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a specific voltage gain adjustment unit 112 of the present invention. The specific voltage gain adjustment unit 112 includes an operational amplifier 1122 and a voltage divider circuit 1124, wherein the operational amplifier 1122 includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, and the first input terminal is used to receive a specific voltage V ref , the output terminal outputs a specific gain voltage V ref_g . The voltage dividing circuit 1124 uses the same first resistor and the second resistor as the voltage dividing circuit 108426 to maintain the same multiplier relationship.

最后,便可利用一控制单元110来依据处理后电感输出电压Vd以及增益特定电压Vref_g来输出上桥控制信号Sup以及下桥控制信号Sdown。控制单元110中的设计主要用来在处理后电感输出电压Vd超过增益特定电压Vref_g时将上桥控制信号Sup以及下桥控制信号Sdown由逻辑0改变为逻辑1,并维持供电时间Tontime长度,应注意的是,依据控制单元110与切换电路102之间的不同设计,两者之间的控制方法的设计变化不胜枚举,然只要基于相同的依据或是能够产生类似的效果,都属于本发明的范围。简单来说,控制单元110包含有一比较器1102、一固定导通时间单元1104以及一非重叠(non-overlap)处理单元1106。比较器1102用来比较处理后电感输出电压Vd以及增益特定电压Vref_g,并产生一比较结果Scom。固定导通时间单元1104用来依据比较结果Scom产生供电时间控制信号Sontime。之后再利用非重叠处理单元1106在输出上桥控制信号Sup以及下桥控制信号Sdown之前进行非重叠处理,以避免切换电路102中的N型金属氧化半导体1022以及P型金属氧化半导体1024发生同时导通的状况。Finally, a control unit 110 can be used to output the upper bridge control signal S up and the lower bridge control signal S down according to the processed inductor output voltage V d and the specific gain voltage V ref_g . The design in the control unit 110 is mainly used to change the upper bridge control signal S up and the lower bridge control signal S down from logic 0 to logic 1 when the processed inductor output voltage V d exceeds the gain specific voltage V ref_g , and maintain the power supply time Tontime length, it should be noted that, according to the different designs between the control unit 110 and the switching circuit 102, the design changes of the control method between the two are too numerous to enumerate, but as long as they are based on the same basis or can produce similar effects , all belong to the scope of the present invention. In short, the control unit 110 includes a comparator 1102 , a constant on-time unit 1104 and a non-overlap processing unit 1106 . The comparator 1102 is used to compare the processed inductor output voltage V d and the specific gain voltage V ref_g and generate a comparison result S com . The fixed on-time unit 1104 is used for generating the power-on time control signal S ontime according to the comparison result S com . Then use the non-overlapping processing unit 1106 to perform non-overlapping processing before outputting the upper bridge control signal S up and the lower bridge control signal S down , so as to avoid the occurrence of NMOS 1022 and PMOS 1024 in the switching circuit 102. Simultaneous conduction condition.

图5为依据本发明涟波控制切换式稳压方法的一实施例的流程图,其中涟波控制切换式稳压方法用来控制一涟波控制切换式稳压器(switching regulator),其中该涟波控制切换式稳压器包含有一切换器、一电感耦接于该切换器以及一电容耦接于该电感。倘若大体上可达到相同的结果,并不一定需要按照图5所示的流程中的步骤顺序来进行,且图5所示的步骤不一定要连续进行,亦即其他步骤亦可插入其中。此外,图5中的某些步骤可根据不同实施例或设计需求省略之。详细步骤如下:5 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a ripple control switching regulator method according to the present invention, wherein the ripple control switching regulator method is used to control a ripple control switching regulator (switching regulator), wherein the The ripple control switching regulator includes a switch, an inductor coupled to the switch, and a capacitor coupled to the inductor. If substantially the same result can be achieved, it is not necessary to follow the order of the steps in the flow shown in FIG. 5 , and the steps shown in FIG. 5 do not have to be performed consecutively, that is, other steps can also be inserted therein. In addition, some steps in FIG. 5 can be omitted according to different embodiments or design requirements. The detailed steps are as follows:

步骤S502:利用该切换器来依据一控制信号来选择性地将一第一参考电压或一第二参考电压输出为一输出电压;Step S502: using the switch to selectively output a first reference voltage or a second reference voltage as an output voltage according to a control signal;

步骤S504:利用该电感来依据该输出电压来产生一电感输出电压;Step S504: using the inductor to generate an inductor output voltage according to the output voltage;

步骤S506:检测该输出电压是否含有双重脉冲并产生一检测结果;Step S506: Detect whether the output voltage contains double pulses and generate a detection result;

步骤S508:依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压产生一校正输出电压;Step S508: Generate a corrected output voltage according to the detection result, the output voltage and the inductor output voltage;

步骤S510:对该校正输出电压进行微分,并产生该处理后电感输出电压Step S510: Differentiate the corrected output voltage, and generate the processed inductor output voltage

步骤S512:依据该处理后电感输出电压以及一预定电压,并产生一比较结果;以及Step S512: Generate a comparison result according to the processed inductor output voltage and a predetermined voltage; and

步骤S514:依据该比较结果产生该控制信号。Step S514: Generate the control signal according to the comparison result.

本领域技术人员在阅读过本说明书中稍早对于图1~图4的详细说明之后,应能清楚地明了图5的涟波控制切换式稳压方法的步骤502~步骤514,因此为简洁起见,在此便不针对其中的细节作更进一步的说明。Those skilled in the art should be able to clearly understand steps 502 to 514 of the ripple control switching voltage stabilization method in FIG. 5 after reading the detailed descriptions of FIGS. 1 to 4 earlier in this specification. , the details will not be further explained here.

本说明书中所揭示的实施例利用校正寄生电感效应来避免双重脉冲,同时相较于传统设计中直接量测电感电流的作法,本说明书中利用校正寄生电感效应的作法具有成本较低,而且误差较小的优点。The embodiment disclosed in this specification utilizes the correction of parasitic inductance effect to avoid double pulse. At the same time, compared with the practice of directly measuring the inductor current in the traditional design, the practice of correcting the parasitic inductance effect in this specification has lower cost and less error. Minor pluses.

以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利权利要求范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1.一种涟波控制切换式稳压器,包含有:1. A ripple control switching regulator comprising: 一切换器,用来依据一控制信号来选择性地将一第一参考电压或一第二参考电压输出为一输出电压;a switcher, used to selectively output a first reference voltage or a second reference voltage as an output voltage according to a control signal; 一电感,耦接于该切换器,并依据该输出电压来产生一电感输出电压;an inductor, coupled to the switch, and generates an inductor output voltage according to the output voltage; 一电容,耦接于该电感;a capacitor coupled to the inductor; 一输出电压处理单元,用来依据该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来输出一处理后电感输出电压;以及an output voltage processing unit, used to output a processed inductor output voltage according to the output voltage and the inductor output voltage; and 一控制单元,用来至少依据该处理后电感输出电压来输出该控制信号;a control unit, configured to output the control signal at least according to the processed inductor output voltage; 其中该输出电压处理单元包含有:Wherein the output voltage processing unit includes: 一双重脉冲检测单元,用来检测该输出电压是否含有双重脉冲并产生一检测结果;以及a double pulse detection unit, used to detect whether the output voltage contains double pulses and generate a detection result; and 一电压校正单元,用来依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来产生该处理后电感输出电压。A voltage correction unit is used for generating the processed inductor output voltage according to the detection result, the output voltage and the inductor output voltage. 2.如权利要求1所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中该电压校正单元包含有:2. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage correction unit comprises: 一校正电路,用来依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压产生一校正输出电压;以及a correction circuit, used to generate a correction output voltage according to the detection result, the output voltage and the inductor output voltage; and 一微分器,用来对该校正输出电压进行微分,并产生该处理后电感输出电压。A differentiator is used to differentiate the corrected output voltage to generate the processed inductor output voltage. 3.如权利要求2所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中该校正电路包含有:3. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the correction circuit comprises: 一第一运算放大器,包含有一第一输入端、一第二输入端以及一输出端,其中该第一输入端用来接收该电感输出电压,该输出端输出该校正输出电压;A first operational amplifier, including a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is used to receive the inductor output voltage, and the output terminal outputs the corrected output voltage; 一增益调整电路,具有一增益值,用来对该输出电压进行一增益处理并于一输出端产生一增益输出电压,其中该增益值依据该检测结果来调整;以及a gain adjustment circuit having a gain value for performing a gain process on the output voltage and generating a gain output voltage at an output terminal, wherein the gain value is adjusted according to the detection result; and 一第一分压电路,串接于该第一运算放大器的该输出端以及该增益调整电路的该输出端之间,用来产生一第一分压至该第一运算放大器的该第二输入端。A first voltage divider circuit, connected in series between the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the output terminal of the gain adjustment circuit, for generating a first divided voltage to the second input of the first operational amplifier end. 4.如权利要求3所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中当该检测结果显示该输出电压含有双重脉冲时,该增益调整电路调整该增益值。4. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the detection result shows that the output voltage contains double pulses, the gain adjustment circuit adjusts the gain value. 5.如权利要求3所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,另包含有一特定电压增益调整单元,包含有:5. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a specific voltage gain adjustment unit comprising: 一第二运算放大器,包含有一第一输入端、一第二输入端以及一输出端,其中该第二运算放大器的该第一输入端用来接收一预定电压;以及a second operational amplifier comprising a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal of the second operational amplifier is used to receive a predetermined voltage; and 一第二分压电路,串接于该第二运算放大器的该输出端与一第三参考电压之间,用来产生一第二分压至该第二运算放大器的该第二输入端;A second voltage divider circuit, connected in series between the output terminal of the second operational amplifier and a third reference voltage, for generating a second divided voltage to the second input terminal of the second operational amplifier; 其中该控制单元依据该处理后电感输出电压与该第二运算放大器的该输出端的输出电压来输出该控制信号。Wherein the control unit outputs the control signal according to the processed inductor output voltage and the output voltage of the output terminal of the second operational amplifier. 6.如权利要求5所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中该第一、第二分压电路具有相同的分压比率。6. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first and second voltage dividing circuits have the same voltage dividing ratio. 7.如权利要求5所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中该第一参考电压为供应电压,以及该第二、第三参考电压均为接地电压。7. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first reference voltage is a supply voltage, and the second and third reference voltages are both ground voltages. 8.如权利要求1所述的涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中该控制单元包含有:8. The ripple control switching regulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises: 一比较器,用以依据该处理后电感输出电压以及一预定电压,来产生一比较结果;以及a comparator, used to generate a comparison result according to the processed inductor output voltage and a predetermined voltage; and 一控制信号产生电路,用来依据该比较结果产生该控制信号。A control signal generation circuit is used to generate the control signal according to the comparison result. 9.一种涟波控制切换式稳压方法,用来控制一涟波控制切换式稳压器,其中该涟波控制切换式稳压器包含有一切换器、一电感耦接于该切换器以及一电容耦接于该电感,该涟波控制切换式稳压方法包含有:9. A ripple control switching voltage stabilizing method for controlling a ripple control switching voltage regulator, wherein the ripple control switching voltage regulator comprises a switcher, an inductance coupled to the switcher and A capacitor is coupled to the inductor, and the ripple control switching voltage regulation method includes: 利用该切换器来依据一控制信号来选择性地将一第一参考电压或一第二参考电压输出为一输出电压;using the switcher to selectively output a first reference voltage or a second reference voltage as an output voltage according to a control signal; 利用该电感来依据该输出电压来产生一电感输出电压;using the inductor to generate an inductor output voltage according to the output voltage; 依据该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来输出一处理后电感输出电压;以及outputting a processed inductor output voltage according to the output voltage and the inductor output voltage; and 利用一控制单元来至少依据该处理后电感输出电压来输出该控制信号;using a control unit to output the control signal at least according to the processed inductor output voltage; 依据该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来输出该处理后电感输出电压的步骤包含有:The step of outputting the processed inductor output voltage according to the output voltage and the inductor output voltage includes: 检测该输出电压是否含有双重脉冲并产生一检测结果;以及detecting whether the output voltage contains double pulses and generating a detection result; and 依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来产生该处理后电感输出电压。The processed inductor output voltage is generated according to the detection result, the output voltage and the inductor output voltage. 10.如权利要求9所述的涟波控制切换式稳压方法,其中依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压来产生该处理后电感输出电压的步骤包含有:10. The ripple control switching voltage stabilization method according to claim 9, wherein the step of generating the processed inductor output voltage according to the detection result, the output voltage, and the inductor output voltage comprises: 依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压产生一校正输出电压;以及generating a corrected output voltage according to the detection result, the output voltage and the inductor output voltage; and 对该校正输出电压进行微分,并产生该处理后电感输出电压。The corrected output voltage is differentiated to generate the processed inductor output voltage. 11.如权利要求10所述的涟波控制切换式稳压方法,其中依据该检测结果、该输出电压以及该电感输出电压产生该校正输出电压的步骤包含有:11. The ripple control switching voltage stabilization method according to claim 10, wherein the step of generating the corrected output voltage according to the detection result, the output voltage and the inductor output voltage comprises: 利用一第一运算放大器进行负反馈,其中该第一运算放大器包含有一第一输入端、一第二输入端以及一输出端,其中该第一输入端用来接收该电感输出电压,该输出端输出该校正输出电压;Using a first operational amplifier for negative feedback, wherein the first operational amplifier includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is used to receive the inductor output voltage, and the output terminal outputting the corrected output voltage; 对该输出电压进行一增益处理并产生一增益输出电压,其中该增益处理的一增益值依据该检测结果来调整;以及performing a gain process on the output voltage to generate a gain output voltage, wherein a gain value of the gain process is adjusted according to the detection result; and 利用一第一分压电路来产生一第一分压至该第一运算放大器的该第二输入端,其中该第一分压电路串接于该第一运算放大器的该输出端以及该增益输出电压之间。Using a first voltage divider circuit to generate a first divided voltage to the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier, wherein the first voltage divider circuit is serially connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the gain output between voltages. 12.如权利要求11所述的涟波控制切换式稳压方法,其中当该检测结果显示该输出电压含有双重脉冲时,该增益处理不断调整该增益值,直到该检测结果显示该输出电压不含有双重脉冲为止。12. The ripple control switching voltage stabilization method according to claim 11, wherein when the detection result shows that the output voltage contains double pulses, the gain processing continuously adjusts the gain value until the detection result shows that the output voltage does not Contains double pulses so far. 13.如权利要求9所述的涟波控制切换式稳压方法,其中至少依据该处理后电感输出电压来输出该控制信号的步骤包含有:13. The ripple control switching voltage stabilization method as claimed in claim 9, wherein at least the step of outputting the control signal according to the processed inductor output voltage comprises: 依据该处理后电感输出电压以及一预定电压,并产生一比较结果;以及generating a comparison result according to the processed inductor output voltage and a predetermined voltage; and 依据该比较结果产生该控制信号。The control signal is generated according to the comparison result.
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CN101247083A (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-20 株式会社理光 Switching regulator
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