CN104970958A - Portable cardio-pulmonary resuscitation device based on sign information fusion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on sign information fusion, which includes compression equipment, a sign detection and intelligent control device and a man-machine interface. The pressing device performs pressing on the human body; the sign detection and intelligent control device includes a detection unit and a controller unit. The invention introduces the physical sign detection system, the man-machine interaction module and the expert system into the human body cardiopulmonary resuscitation first aid system, and improves the practicability, convenience and adaptability of the system. The introduction of the sign detection system can enable rescuers without corresponding medical first aid knowledge to observe the patient's physiological information status intuitively, and provide effective treatment judgment basis for experienced rescuers. The emergence of the human-computer interaction module reduces the waste of rescue time caused by operations. The introduction of the expert system enables the system to automatically rescue patients. The self-adaptive method improves the first aid performance and ensures the accuracy and stability of the first aid.

Description

A portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on sign information fusion

technical field

The present invention relates to a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment, in particular to a physical sign-based system that integrates the detection function of human body signs into the cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment, and determines the patient's physiological information status through the expert system embedded in the control system to ensure the best therapeutic effect. Portable CPR equipment with information fusion.

Background technique

In a person's life, arrhythmia is inevitable, and severe arrhythmia even leads to cardiac arrest, which often occurs suddenly and the success rate of treatment is low. In the United States, cardiac arrest is the first cause of death, killing 250,000 people every year, far exceeding the sum of deaths from breast cancer, lung cancer, and AIDS after stroke every year. In China, this number is also rising. Experts point out that more than 80% of cardiac arrests are caused by ventricular fibrillation. It has a very high fatality rate. After the heart suddenly stops beating, the effective pumping function disappears, causing severe hypoxia and ischemia throughout the body. The clinical manifestations are that the aortic pulse cannot be felt and the heart sound disappears; followed by loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest, dilated pupils, and death if not rescued in time. Most of the patients after cardiac arrest will cause severe ischemia, hypoxia and metabolic disorders of the whole body tissue cells due to the suspension of cardiac pump function and effective circulation. It is generally believed that dizziness or syncope may occur after 5-10 seconds of cardiac arrest, syncope and convulsions may occur after more than 15 seconds, and coma may occur after more than 20 seconds; patients with cardiac arrest who are cardioverted one minute later will reduce their survival rate by at least 10%. If the cardiac arrest exceeds 5 minutes, it often causes irreversible damage to the brain and vital organs of the patient, resulting in death. Therefore, cardiac arrest is the most critical emergency in clinical practice, and every second must be raced to actively rescue.

The most important rescue measure after cardiac arrest is timely and correct cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a series of measures aimed at establishing effective circulation as soon as possible and increasing cardiac output for sudden cardiac arrest. Studies have shown that the longer the cardiac arrest time, the more serious the damage to the whole body tissue, especially the brain tissue, which suffers from hypoxia, and the less likely it is to sustain life. Therefore, the key to the success of cardiac arrest rescue is the time to start rescue sooner or later. According to statistics, 64% of the successful cases of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were rescued within 4 minutes after cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is proposed that the best time to rescue cardiac arrest is within 0-4 minutes after cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest mostly occurs outside the hospital, and there is neither medicine nor rescue equipment. Therefore, it is particularly important to organize immediate rescue on the spot and nearby, and avoid waiting or long-distance transfer.

Chest compression method: It is the most basic and preferred method of on-site rescue, which must be carried out immediately, and is one of the key measures of cardiac resuscitation. First of all, a wooden board should be placed on the patient's back or the patient should sleep on his back on a hard floor to strengthen the compression effect. In the hospital, patients who may suffer from cardiac arrest, such as patients with acute myocardial infarction and severe arrhythmia, should routinely sleep on hard board beds, so that in the event of cardiac arrest, chest cardiac compression can be performed immediately. In the past, it was believed that the principle of compression is the result of directly squeezing the heart. When the sternum is pressed, the heart will expel blood, and when the sternum is relaxed, the heart will relax and the blood will return to the heart cavity. At present, it is believed that pressing mainly causes a general increase in intrathoracic pressure, promotes blood flow, and generally reduces intrathoracic pressure during relaxation, and promotes venous blood flow to the right heart, so as to maintain effective blood circulation.

The current human cardiopulmonary resuscitation technology is mostly artificial chest compression (circulation, C). The specific operation method is as follows: ensure that the patient lies supine on a flat ground or use a chest compression board under his shoulders and back. The first aider can use kneeling or In different positions such as stepping stools, place the heel of one hand on the center of the patient's chest, on the lower half of the sternum, and place the heel of the other hand on the first hand, without fingers touching the chest wall.

When pressing, the elbows must be straightened, and the chest should be fully recovered after each compression. Pressing time and relaxing time each account for about 50%. When relaxing, the heel of the palm should not leave the chest wall to avoid displacement of the pressing point. For children, use one or both hands to press the sternum at the level of the nipple line, and for infants, use two fingers to press the sternum horizontally below the nipple line. In order to minimize the interruption of chest compressions due to ventilation, for adults without an artificial airway, the 2010 International Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation recommend a compression-ventilation ratio of 30:2. For infants and children, a 15:2 ratio can be used for two-person CPR. If two or more people rescue, the compressor should be replaced every 2 minutes or 5 cycles of CPR (each cycle includes 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths), and the switch should be completed within 5 seconds, because research shows After 1 to 2 minutes, the quality of the operator's compressions began to decline (expressed as frequency and amplitude, and chest wall repositioning were not ideal). It can be found that artificial cardiopulmonary resuscitation technology has the following problems:

1. The operator consumes a lot of physical strength in the early stage of the rescue process, and cannot guarantee the quality of compressions, and cannot perform continuous and standard compressions;

2. In the absence of professionals, the standard artificial cardiopulmonary resuscitation conditions are not available, and it is basically impossible to correctly save the lives of patients;

3. Rescuers need mouth-to-mouth blowing, which is susceptible to germ infection and cannot guarantee the health of rescuers;

4. It is impossible to understand the changes of the patient's signs and states during the rescue, and it is impossible to provide information for the next step of treatment.

In order to solve the problems of manual first aid, medical technicians have designed mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment, which replaces the manual compression process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with machinery. However, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment currently on the market only has a simple compression function. Unable to meet the needs of changing environments and patients, this type of equipment mainly has the following two problems:

1. The function is simple, simply complete the pressing action, and it is impossible to know the change of the patient's physical signs;

2. Insufficient intelligence, untrained personnel cannot easily operate it, and the practicability is not strong.

Existing cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment is similar to an open-loop system in terms of control, and emergency personnel need to have certain training and first-aid experience; emergency personnel judge the current state of the patient based on their own experience, and control the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the judgment results. stop, when is it over.

The existing technology relies heavily on the experience of the existing rescuers, but due to the suddenness of cardiac arrest and the timeliness of treatment, it is difficult to have professional first aid personnel present when using this type of equipment. Without corresponding first aid knowledge, it is impossible to Judging the patient's physiological state may cause excessive pressing and cause collateral damage to the patient; it may also stop pressing when the pressing effect is not achieved, thus failing to achieve the therapeutic effect.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of body sign detection function integrated into cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment, through the expert system embedded in the control system to determine the patient's physiological information status, to ensure the best treatment effect based on sign information Fusion Portable CPR Device.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions: a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on fusion of sign information, the portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on fusion of sign information includes compression equipment, sign detection and intelligent control devices and human The machine interface, the sign detection and intelligent control device are electrically connected to the pressing equipment and the man-machine interface; the pressing equipment implements pressing on the human body; the sign detection and intelligent control device includes a detection unit and a controller unit.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the detection unit detects the patient's blood oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram, pulse and body temperature signals, and preprocesses these signals to eliminate the detection caused by the chest compression of the patient during the first aid process. The change and frequency deviation of the signal restore the real physiological signal of the patient; and the processed information is fed back to the controller for analysis by the controller.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the controller unit acquires the sign information processed by the sign detection unit, analyzes the patient's physiological information state according to the expert system stored in advance in the controller, and takes control measures according to the control mode; the controller It is the core module of the system, which processes the sign information, displays the control status and physiological information, and controls the action of the servo motor to realize the recovery action.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the controller unit adopts the STM32F107ARM chip of ST Company as the main control MCU.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the controller unit is realized by 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit single-chip microcomputer or ARM module.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the controller adopts an industrial computer and a PLC as core control chips.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of sign information includes two functional modes: an automatic mode and a manual mode.

In a specific implementation example of the present invention, the man-machine interface adopts a high-resolution serial port screen with touch function.

The positive progress effect of the present invention is that: the portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on the fusion of sign information provided by the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention introduces the sign detection system, human-computer interaction module, and expert system into the human cardiopulmonary resuscitation first aid system, improving The practicability, convenience and adaptability of the system are improved. The introduction of the sign detection system can enable rescuers without corresponding medical first aid knowledge to observe the patient's physiological information state intuitively, and provide effective treatment judgment basis for experienced rescuers. The emergence of the human-computer interaction module reduces the waste of rescue time caused by operations, and can effectively provide sufficient first aid information and rescue suggestions for rescuers. The introduction of the expert system enables the system to automatically rescue patients, and the self-adaptive method improves the performance of first aid and ensures the accuracy and stability of first aid.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall block diagram among the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the control detection system in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the wiring structure of the system electrical system in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to describe the technical solution of the present invention in detail.

Fig. 1 is the overall block diagram among the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes a compression device 1, a physical sign detection and intelligent control device 2 and a man-machine interface 3, and the physical sign detection and intelligent control device 2 is electrically connected to the compression device 1 and the human-machine interface 3; Pressing; the physical sign detection and intelligent control device includes a detection unit and a controller unit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the control detection system in the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, in the present invention,

The detection unit detects the patient's blood oxygen saturation, ECG, pulse and body temperature signals, and preprocesses these signals to eliminate the change and frequency deviation of the detection signal caused by the chest compression of the patient during the first aid process, and restore the patient's true physiology signal; and the processed information is fed back to the controller for analysis by the controller.

The controller unit obtains the sign information processed by the sign detection unit, analyzes the patient's physiological information state according to the expert system stored in advance in the controller, and takes control measures according to the control mode; the controller is the core module of the system, processes the sign information, displays and controls State and physiological information, and control the action of the servo motor to realize the recovery action.

In the present invention, the sign detection module can detect the patient's sign status, and set two function modes for rescuers to choose according to needs.

(1) Automatic mode

The intelligent detection unit automatically monitors the patient's physiological sign information, analyzes the patient's current physical state through the detection of the patient's sign information, and then analyzes the treatment measures to be taken according to the expert system that comes with the system, automatically adjusts the treatment mode, and through the HMI ( HMI is the abbreviation of Human Machine Interface, "Human-Machine Interface", also known as Human-Machine Interface.) The device will prompt the rescuer with the current patient status and the first aid method being taken, and prompt them what measures they should take to assist Treatment, to ensure that the rescuer can save the life of the patient to the greatest extent even if the rescuer has no knowledge of medical emergency.

(2) Manual mode

This mode is mainly used for rescuers who have certain first aid knowledge; after the sign detection module detects the patient's sign status, it will visually display the patient's sign status to the rescuer through the HMI module, and give a certain rescue according to the sign information Suggested for reference.

The existence of the two methods greatly improves the intelligence of the system, and also improves the application range and auxiliary treatment ability of the system.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the wiring structure of the system electrical system in the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, in the present invention,

(1) Sign information communicates with the central ARM controller through serial port communication.

(2) The serial screen realizes the communication with the central ARM controller through the serial port, so as to realize the human-computer interaction function with user-friendly interface.

(3) The AD module of the central ARM controller is responsible for collecting the status information of the resuscitation system, such as pressing pressure, motor temperature, battery voltage, etc., to prevent the occurrence of abnormal states in the working process of the system and achieve the purpose of protecting the system.

(4) The central ARM controller controls the servo controller through real-time communication through the serial port to achieve the purpose of controlling the motor to retract and unwind the tape and ensure the normal retracting and unwinding tape pressing function.

(5) The central ARM controller realizes the automatic bust measurement function through the AD module. In this way, the intelligent tape-retracting function is realized to provide assistance for subsequent pressing.

(6) The IO module of the central ARM controller is responsible for detecting the state control buttons during emergency processing of the system to ensure the real-time response and safety of the system.

In the concrete implementation process of the present invention, controller can adopt STM32F107 as core controller; But also can adopt various intelligent control unit or MCU, realize as 8, 16, 32 single-chip microcomputers or ARM module, also can Using industrial computer, PLC, etc. as the core control chip.

In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the alternative solution for the pressing movement part: DC motors, stepping motors and other motors can be used as the driving unit of the pressing part. The drive part can be directly controlled by the controller, or other controller modules can be used to realize motion control.

In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the human-computer interaction partial replacement scheme can be implemented by using a common screen plus buttons, or by using a touch screen plus a window.

The invention integrates the detection of human body signs into the cardiopulmonary resuscitation first aid, and improves the intelligence and efficiency of the first aid equipment.

The invention introduces the expert system into the cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment treatment, automatically detects and distinguishes the patient's sign state, and ensures that the rescuer can provide first aid to the patient even if he has no relevant first aid experience.

The intelligent human-computer interaction interface of the present invention is introduced into the cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment, and the convenient human-computer interaction interface provides powerful help for the system.

The physiological information of the invention is directly displayed on the cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment, intuitively providing first aid assistance for rescuers.

The first aid device of the present invention can be freely switched from an automatic mode to a manual mode according to the needs of rescuers.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Various changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on sign information fusion, characterized in that: said portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on sign information fusion includes compression equipment, sign detection and intelligent control device and man-machine interface, sign detection and intelligent control device The pressing device is electrically connected with the man-machine interface; the pressing device performs pressing on the human body; the sign detection and intelligent control device includes a detection unit and a controller unit. 2. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on sign information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detection unit detects the patient's blood oxygen saturation, ECG, pulse and body temperature signals, and preprocesses these signals , eliminate the change and frequency deviation of the detection signal caused by the chest compression of the patient during the first aid process, restore the real physiological signal of the patient; and feed back the processed information to the controller for analysis by the controller. 3. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment based on sign information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: the controller unit obtains the sign information processed by the sign detection unit, and analyzes the patient's condition according to the expert system stored in advance in the controller. Physiological information status and take control measures according to the control mode; the controller is the core module of the system, processing sign information, displaying control status and physiological information, and controlling the action of the servo motor to realize the recovery action. 4. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of sign information according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the controller adopts ST's STM32F107ARM chip as the main control MCU. 5. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of sign information according to claim 1, characterized in that: said controller unit is realized by 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit single-chip microcomputer or ARM module. 6. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of physical signs information according to claim 1, characterized in that: said controller unit adopts industrial computer and PLC as the core control chip. 7. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of sign information according to claim 1, characterized in that: the portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of sign information includes two functional modes: an automatic mode and a manual mode. 8. The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation device based on fusion of physical sign information according to claim 1, wherein the man-machine interface adopts a high-resolution serial port screen with touch function.