CN105044367A - 检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条 - Google Patents
检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于兽药残留分析技术领域,具体涉及检测检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条。该试纸条由吸收垫、硝酸纤维素膜、金标垫、样品垫依次层叠粘贴在塑料衬板上构成,所述硝酸纤维素膜上设有检测线和质控线,所述金标垫包被有胶体金标记的能识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体,所述检测线包被有地塞米松包被原,所述质控线包被有羊抗鼠IgG。本发明还公开了检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金试纸条的制备方法与应用。本发明的试纸条可用于牛奶中地塞米松残留的分析,检测限为0.2μg/kg。该试纸条具有特异性高、稳定性好等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于畜产品药物残留免疫分析技术领域,具体涉及一种快速检测检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条。
背景技术
地塞米松是临床上常用的糖皮质激素类药物之一,常配合其他药物一起使用,具有抗炎、抗毒、抗过敏的作用,还可以提高饲料转化率,从而增加动物体重。由于该类药物不合理使用可能导致动物源性食品中糖皮质激素的残留,构成了对人类健康的潜在危害。
通过研究表明,如果过多吃进糖皮质激素类药物,可引起物质代谢和水盐代谢紊乱,出现类肾上腺皮质功能亢进综合征,诱发白内障,骨质酥松及心血管系统并发症。因此,我国和欧盟等都规定了牛奶中地塞米松最大残留限量为0.3μg/kg。
为了保障我国出口动物源食品的安全和人民的健康,对该类药物的检测势在必行。Roberts和Jackson(1995)报道了用ELISA法检测马尿中的地塞米松残留。Meyer等(1996)报道了用ELISA法检测动物尿样,从而筛选有合成类糖皮质激素类残留的动物源食品的方法,其最低检测限1.45ng/ml。目前该类药物的ELISA方法主要存在的问题就是灵敏度达不到残留检测的要求,而本发明公开的检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金试纸条,直接检测牛奶,并进行了后期的方法评价,结果表明该试纸条的性能可以达到检测要求,可直接应用于现场检测和大量样品的初筛。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条。
本发明是基于制备得到一种能够识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体(该单克隆抗体是由杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D分泌的,申请人将该杂交瘤细胞株命名为杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D,于2015年7月20日送交中国.武汉.武汉大学中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130),通过制备胶体金,标记纯化后的抗体,优化各项层析条件等完成的。
上述目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条,包括吸收垫、硝酸纤维素膜、金标垫和样品垫;在所述硝酸纤维素膜上设有检测线和质控线;所述的吸收垫、硝酸纤维素膜、金标垫、样品垫依次粘贴在塑料衬板上。所述金标垫包被有胶体金标记的能识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体,所述检测线包被有地塞米松包被原,所述质控线包被有羊抗鼠IgG。
所述的能识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体是由杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D所分泌的,该杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D于2015年7月20日送交中国.武汉.武汉大学中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130。
所述的地塞米松包被原是由地塞米松与牛血清白蛋白形成的偶联物。
申请人提供了一种检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条的制备方法,包括牛奶脱脂的前处理和用胶体金试纸条进行检测的步骤。
具体步骤如下:
(1)复苏保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D并免疫小鼠,制备得到单克隆抗体,并利用辛酸硫酸铵法进行纯化。
(2)利用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金;同时优化标记条件;制备出能识别地塞米松的金标抗体;
(3)将地塞米松包被原和羊抗鼠IgG包被原包被在硝酸纤维素膜上;
(4)将牛奶样品脱脂后,利用本发明制备的胶体金免疫层析试纸条进行检测。
检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条的使用方法优选的技术方案为:在牛奶样品检测之前用4000r/min离心5min脱脂,完成前处理,有利于牛奶中地塞米松残留检测的准确性。检测时,若样品中含有地塞米松,则药物地塞米松先和胶体金标记的单克隆抗体结合,到达检测线时,已结合了地塞米松的胶体金标记的单克隆抗体就不会与包被在硝酸纤维素膜上的包被原发生结合,即不会在检测线处形成肉眼可见的红色沉淀线,该结果判定为阳性结果。若样品中不含有地塞米松,检测时胶体金标记的单克隆抗体就会与包被在硝酸纤维素膜上的包被原发生结合,即在检测线处形成肉眼可见的红色沉淀线,未反应的胶体金标记的抗体继续向前泳动,富集在质控线上,形成红色沉淀线,该结果判定为阴性结果。
保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D可在制备识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体中应用。
由保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D分泌的单克隆抗体可在制备检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条中应用。
本发明的胶体金免疫层析试纸条可在牛奶中地塞米松残留检测中的应用。
本发明的突出效果在于建立了一种牛奶中地塞米松残留检测的快速方法。本发明的胶体金免疫层析试纸条灵敏度高,样品可直接检测,比传统ELISA方法更快速、高效、简便和易于操作。
更详细的技术方案和效果请参见《具体实施方式》。
附图说明
图1:是本发明的操作步骤示意图。附图标记说明:图中:依次为:1-准备好牛奶样本予以编号,并恢复至室温;2-从原包装中取出试剂桶,打开后取出所需数量的微孔试剂盒试纸条,做好标记,并及时盖好盖子防止受潮;3-吸取待测牛奶样本溶液200μL于微孔中;4-缓慢抽吸5次且充分与微孔中试剂混匀,反应5min;5-将标记好的试纸条插入微孔中,印有“MAX”线端朝下,使之充分浸入溶液中,室温孵育5min;6-取出试纸条,根据示意图判定结果。
图2:是本发明的胶体金免疫层析试纸条的结构示意图。附图标记说明:图中:依次为:7-吸收垫;8-硝酸纤维素膜;9-金标垫;10-样品垫;11-检测线;12-质控线;13-塑料衬板(或称为PVC塑料衬板),14-标示层析液流动方向。
图3:是本发明胶体金免疫层析试纸条的显色判定示意图。附图标记说明:图中:依次为:
a-试纸条判定线示意图,其中:
15-手持端,16-C线,17-T线,18-MAX线;b-阴性(表示牛奶样品中地塞米松药物浓度低于试纸条的检测限);c-阳性(T线显色比C线弱或者显色与C线相同,均表示牛奶样品中地塞米松药物浓度等于或高于试纸条的检测限,d、e同理);d-阳性;e-阳性;f-无效(未出现C线,说明试纸条失效或者没有完全反应,g同理);g-无效。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但不是限制本发明。
实施例1胶体金免疫层析试纸条的制备
1.1单克隆抗体的制备与纯化
1.1.1细胞融合与筛选:在融合前3天给免疫合格的小鼠强化免疫。根据骨髓瘤细胞的计数结果,取骨髓瘤细胞与免疫脾细胞混合;以1500r/min离心5min,将离心管上清倒尽后,倒扣在吸水纸上,控干水滴;将吸有1mL预温至37℃的50%聚乙二醇(PEG)的lmL刻度吸管插入到管底,缓缓加PEG到混合细胞上,边加边轻轻搅拌,加完后静置90sec,用预温至37℃的RPMI–1640基础培养液(购于Hyclone公司)沿管壁缓缓加到融合细胞上,边加边轻轻晃动离心管,加完后拧紧盖,缓慢颠倒几次,混匀;以1500r/min离心5min,弃去上清,用含有饲养细胞的HAT完全培养基(购于Hyclone公司)轻轻将融合细胞搅拌重悬。将融合细胞悬液接种于96孔细胞培养板中,置于CO2培养箱中培养。根据细胞的生长情况,取细胞培养上清,利用ELISA方法筛选出分泌地塞米松抗体的阳性细胞孔。对筛选出来的阳性细胞孔利用有限稀释法克隆化,最终建立得到一株稳定的分泌且能够识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,申请人将该杂交瘤细胞株命名为杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D,于2015年7月20日送交中国.武汉.武汉大学中国典型培养物保藏中心(CCTCC)保藏,保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130。
1.1.2腹水的制备:用RPMI1640基础培养基(购于Hyclone公司)悬浮培养由保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D扩大培养的细胞,在接种前7天取Balb/c小鼠(购自湖北省疾病预防控制中心)4只,每只小鼠腹腔注射0.5mL弗氏不完全佐剂进行预处理,待小鼠腹腔明显膨大时采集腹水,收集的腹水在5000r/min离心5min后,去掉表面油层,小心吸取上清,分装后置-20℃保存备用。
1.1.3单克隆抗体的纯化:取预处理过的腹水10mL,加入20mL0.06MpH4.0醋酸缓冲液(量取1.155mL醋酸定容至100mL为A液,称取27.22g三水合醋酸钠定容至100mL为B液,取A液82mL和B液18mL混合配制而成),调节pH至4.5,于室温搅拌下逐滴缓慢加入正辛酸330μL后,继续搅拌30min,4℃静置2h;4℃,12000r/min离心30min,取上清;接着往上清液中加入适量的0.01MpH7.4磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS上清液和PBS的体积比为10:1);于冰浴搅拌条件下逐滴加入的饱和硫酸铵,使其最终浓饱和度为45%,4℃静置2h;4℃,12000r/min离心30min,弃上清,沉淀用5mL0.01MpH7.2PBS重悬,于4℃下透析2天,将透析完全的抗体于4℃,5000r/min离心30min,紫外吸收法测定蛋白质浓度。用SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定纯化后抗体的纯度,实测纯度为98%。该单克隆抗体可用于标记胶体金。
1.2胶体金、金标抗体的制备
1.2.1溶液的配制
(1)氯金酸溶液的配制:用双蒸去离子水溶解氯金酸,配成1%氯金酸溶液,置4℃备用(有效期4个月)100mL1%氯金酸溶液配制:将1g装的固体氯金酸用双蒸去离子水一次性溶解,定容至100mL。
(2)柠檬酸三钠溶液的配制:用双蒸去离子水溶解柠檬酸三钠,配成1%柠檬酸溶液,现配现用。50mL1%柠檬酸三钠溶液的配制:准确称取0.5697g柠檬酸三钠,用少量双蒸去离子水溶解,定容至50mL。
(3)0.1MK2CO3溶液的配制:用双蒸去离子水配制,用0.22μm膜过滤,置4℃备用(有效期4个月)。100mL0.1MK2CO3溶液的配制:准确称取1.38gK2CO3,用少量双蒸去离子水溶解,定容至100mL。
(4)10%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)溶液的配制:准确称取BSA1.00g溶于10mL0.02MpH7.2PB溶液,用0.22μm的膜过滤,现配现用。
(5)重悬液的配制:1%BSA,0.01MpH7.2磷酸盐缓冲液溶液。100mL重悬液配制:准确称取1.00gBSA溶于少量0.01MpH7.2PB溶液中,用双蒸去离子水定容至100mL。
(6)金标稀释液的配制:准确称取2gBSA,10g蔗糖,5g海藻糖,0.2g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,0.02g叠氮钠,0.05ml吐温-20溶于少量0.01MpH7.2PB溶液中,用双蒸去离子水定容至100mL。
1.2.2胶体金的制备
以下的方法参照本领域的常规报道的方法。
用容量瓶配制100mL0.01%氯金酸溶液,在恒温磁力搅拌器上加热,使该溶液沸腾1~2min后,一次性迅速准确加入1mL1%柠檬酸三钠溶液,颜色由浅黄色变为浅灰色至深灰色,2min之内变为红色,继续加热反应8min,待溶液冷却至室温,用双蒸去离子水定容至100mL。制备好的胶体金外观应呈深红色、透亮、无漂浮物。
1.2.3金标抗体的制备与纯化
将100mL胶体金加入200mL烧杯中,在磁力搅拌器上250r/min匀速搅拌,加入0.1M的K2CO3调节至最佳pH值处;按缓慢滴加抗体溶液,搅拌反应20min;加入10%的BSA溶液,使BSA终浓度达到1%,持续搅拌20min。4℃静置1h。将标记好的金标抗体复合物以8000r/min,4℃离心30min,弃去上清;沉淀用含1%BSA的0.01MPB缓冲液(准确称取Na2HPO4.12H2O2.579g,NaH2PO4.2H2O0.437g,加超纯水至100ml,调pH值到7.2)重悬于原体积,重复离心两次;沉淀用配好的含1%BSA的0.01MPB(含0.01%NaN3)缓冲液重悬于原体积1/10中,4℃保存备用,即为制备好的金标抗体。
1.3金标垫的制备
将制备好的金标抗体用金标稀释液(见1.2.1溶液的配制)稀释100倍。然后将金标垫于稀释后的金标抗体溶液中浸泡5min,冷冻干燥,封装,置4℃备用。
1.4试纸条样品垫的制备
封闭液的配制:2%BSA、0.05%吐温-20(T-20)、0.02%NaN3、0.01MpH7.2PBS溶液,
用0.22μm膜过滤,置4℃备用(有效期为2周)。1000mL封闭液配制:20gBSA、0.2gNaN3、0.5mL吐温-20(T-20),0.01MpH7.2PBS溶液定容至1000mL。
样品垫的制备:将样品垫浸泡于封闭液中30min后,于37℃烘干,封装,置4℃备用。
1.5试纸条的组装
将吸收垫、硝酸纤维素膜、金标垫、样品垫按图2所示的顺序依次层叠粘贴在塑料衬板上,切成4mm宽的小条。每个试纸筒装30个小条,加入常用的干燥剂,封装。4℃下保存的有效期为1年。常温下保存的有效期为6个月。
1.6结果判定
见图3所示。
图3中阴阳性判断标准:
阴性(-):T线显色比C线深,表示牛奶样品中地塞米松药物浓度低于试纸条的检测限。
阳性(+):T线不显色,T线显色比C线弱或者显色与C线相同,均表示牛奶样品中地塞米松药物浓度等于或高于试纸条的检测限。
无效:未出现C线,说明胶体金免疫试纸条失效。
1.7胶体金免疫试纸条性能参数的确定
1.7.1检测限
取经仪器检测为阴性的牛奶样品各20份,分别添加地塞米松药物至不同的浓度,取3个批次的试纸条进行检测,每个浓度共检测60个试纸条,室温条件下操作,肉眼观察进行判定,以60个试纸条均出现阳性结果的最低浓度定为该组织的检测限。结果如表1所示。
表1牛奶在地塞米松各添加浓度下的检测结果
实验结果表明,当牛奶中样品添加地塞米松药物浓度为0.2μg/kg时,检测的60个试纸条的质控线显色清晰,检测线完全消线。因此可以判定牛奶中地塞米松的检测限为0.2μg/kg,
1.7.2假阴性率测定
取经LC-MS/MS确定的阴性牛奶样品50份,分别添加0.2μg/kg的地塞米松,将牛奶脱脂后分别用3批试纸条进行检测,计算假阴性率。结果见表2。可见本发明试纸条的假阴性率为0
表2试纸条的假阴性率测定结果
1.7.3假阳性率测定
取经LC-MS/MS确定的阴性牛奶样品50份,脱脂后分别用3批试纸条进行检测,计算假阳性率,结果见表3。由表可见本发明试纸条的假阳性率为0。
表3试纸条的假阳性率测定结果
表4试纸条在-20℃的稳定性测定结果
表5试纸条在常温下的稳定性测定结果
1.7.4稳定性的测定
将组装好的试纸条放入试纸筒中,每筒30条,加入变色硅胶密封包装,分别置于-20℃、和常温条件下保存,其中-20℃的稳定性考察7天,分别于第0、1、2、3、5、7天进行检测;室温条件下的稳定性考察6个月,分别于第0、1、2、3、4、5、6个月进行检测。选择牛奶样品进行稳定性考察,检测空白样品和检测限浓度添加样品,每个浓度测试15个平行,测定项目为物理性状、显色度和检测限值等。结果见表4-5。可见本发明的试纸条稳定性较好。
Claims (4)
1.一种检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条,包含吸收垫(1)、硝酸纤维素膜(2)、金标垫(3)和样品垫(4);所述的硝酸纤维素膜(2)上设有检测线(5)和质控线(6),所述吸收垫(1)、硝酸纤维素膜(2)、金标垫(3)、样品垫(4)依次粘贴在塑料衬板(7)上;其特征在于,所述的金标垫(3)包被有胶体金标记的能识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体;所述检测线(5)包被有地塞米松包被原;所述质控线(6)包被有羊抗鼠IgG;
其中:
所述的能识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体是由保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D分泌的;
所述的地塞米松包被原是地塞米松与牛血清白蛋白的偶联物。
2.保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D在制备识别地塞米松的单克隆抗体中的应用。
3.由保藏号为CCTCCNO:C2015130的杂交瘤细胞SC20150701D分泌的单克隆抗体在制备检测牛奶中地塞米松残留的胶体金免疫层析试纸条中的应用。
4.权利要求1所述的胶体金免疫层析试纸条在牛奶中地塞米松残留分析中的应用。
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| CN109668875A (zh) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种用于快速检测农药西维因的试纸 |
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| CN112759646B (zh) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-22 | 北京纳百生物科技有限公司 | 一种地塞米松单克隆抗体及其应用 |
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