CN105160080B - Optimize the method for indoor air quality equipment placement location and indoor environmental quality - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the field of environmental quality monitoring, and provides a method for optimizing the placement position of indoor air quality equipment and a method for optimizing indoor environmental quality respectively. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment includes the following steps: establishing an indoor three-dimensional model, and the indoor three-dimensional model is set according to the actual size and distribution of the research object; after setting the boundaries of the indoor three-dimensional model, the The indoor three-dimensional model is divided into grids to obtain the gridded indoor three-dimensional model; the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model is set for simulation boundary conditions, and the simulation results are obtained by calculation; the discrete phase simulation is added to analyze the particle in the indoor The trajectory of the movement, to determine the placement of ambient air quality equipment.

Description

Methods for Optimizing Indoor Air Quality Equipment Placement and Indoor Environmental Quality

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of environmental quality monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for optimizing the placement position of indoor air quality equipment and a method for optimizing indoor environmental quality.

Background technique

With the development of the economy, people's quality of life is getting higher and higher, and indoor environmental quality detectors are becoming more and more popular. However, the accuracy of environmental quality detection has not been optimistic, especially in the monitoring of indoor particulate matter quality. Since most rooms are equipped with air-conditioning systems, the existence of air-conditioning changes the distribution of indoor particulate matter, which leads to environmental quality testing results. The detection of particulate matter is inaccurate. At present, the indoor environmental quality monitors sold in the market generally only detect the environmental quality of a fixed indoor area, and cannot evaluate the entire indoor environment. In the application of smart home, in order to make the measurement results closer to the actual situation, environmental quality sensors are placed in multiple locations, but the locations are often placed randomly or evenly. Such placement cannot avoid the error caused by the uneven distribution of particles in the room, and the detection of indoor particles still needs to be greatly improved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment, which aims to solve the problem of the lack of evidence for the placement of environmental quality sensors and air purification devices in the prior art due to the inability to obtain the movement trajectory of indoor environmental particles. To better indoor environmental quality optimization effect.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for optimizing indoor environmental quality, which determines the placement position of ambient air quality equipment by optimizing the placement position of indoor air quality equipment.

The present invention is achieved in this way, a method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment, comprising the following steps:

An indoor three-dimensional model is established, and the indoor three-dimensional model is set according to the actual size and distribution of the research objects;

After performing boundary setting on the indoor three-dimensional model, the gridded indoor three-dimensional model is obtained after performing boundary setting on the indoor three-dimensional model;

The grid in the indoor three-dimensional model is set for simulation boundary conditions, and the simulation results are obtained by calculation; the trajectory of particles in the room is analyzed by adding discrete phase simulation, and the placement position of the ambient air quality equipment is determined.

And, a method for optimizing indoor environmental quality, comprising the following steps:

Determine the placement of ambient air quality equipment as described above for optimizing placement of indoor air quality equipment;

The information obtained by the ambient air quality equipment is uploaded and processed for analysis and processing, and used as a basis to adjust parameters affecting the indoor environmental quality, thereby optimizing the indoor environmental quality.

The invention provides a method for optimizing the placement position of indoor air quality equipment based on fluid dynamics simulation of particle motion trajectory. The indoor three-dimensional model is set for simulation boundary conditions and then meshed. After adding the discrete phase, indoor particles can be obtained. The trajectory of the movement of the indoor particulate matter can be clearly and intuitively displayed, so that the distribution of the particulate matter in the room can be understood. On this basis, it is possible to determine the reasonable location of the ambient air quality equipment, and play a better role in optimizing the location of the ambient air quality equipment, so that the detection results are closer to the actual situation, and then better guide people to improve the environment , In addition, the present invention applies the principles of fluid mechanics to optimize the placement of ambient air quality equipment, avoiding result errors caused by uneven distribution of indoor particulate matter.

The method for optimizing the indoor environment quality provided by the present invention, by determining the reasonable placement position of the ambient air quality equipment, and then by adjusting the parameters of the indoor environment quality, the optimization effect of the environment quality is better, so that the indoor air quality can achieve the best effect on human respiratory health. excellent.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of an indoor room provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a model section grid diagram of an indoor three-dimensional model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the simulated residual curve diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a temperature residual diagram obtained by monitoring a certain interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature nephogram of each cross-section in the X-axis;

Fig. 6 is the simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the velocity gradient nephogram of each section in the X-axis;

Fig. 7 is the simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature cloud diagram of each section in the Y-axis;

Fig. 8 is the cloud diagram of the velocity gradient of each section in the Y-axis of the simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature cloud diagram of each section in the Z-axis;

Fig. 10 is the simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the velocity gradient nephogram of each section along the Z axis;

Fig. 11 is the trajectory of particle movement in the indoor simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment, including the following steps:

S01. Establish an indoor three-dimensional model, and the indoor three-dimensional model is set according to the actual size and distribution of the research object;

S02. After setting the boundary of the indoor three-dimensional model, performing grid division processing on the indoor three-dimensional model to obtain the gridded indoor three-dimensional model;

S03. Set the simulation boundary conditions for the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model, and calculate the simulation results; add discrete phase simulation to analyze the movement trajectory of the particles in the room, and determine the placement position of the ambient air quality equipment.

Specifically, in the above step S01, the size of the establishment of the indoor three-dimensional model should be set strictly according to the actual situation of the research object, so that the later results will be more real and reliable. As a preferred embodiment, the indoor three-dimensional model includes an air conditioner, and the size and location of the air conditioner are set according to the actual situation of the research object to ensure the accuracy of the results. Of course, it should be understood that the indoor three-dimensional model also includes other equipment, which is determined by the actual situation of the research object.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the establishment of the indoor three-dimensional model may be realized by using software capable of establishing an indoor three-dimensional model. As a preferred embodiment, 3D modeling software or ansys built-in 3D modeling software is used to obtain the indoor 3D model with better simulation effect.

In the above step S02, the indoor three-dimensional model is divided into grids, and the size and number of the grids should be reasonable, so that the subsequent obtained results will not be affected by the size and number of the grids. As a preferred embodiment, the mesh division process needs to be set according to the influencing factors that need to be considered in the simulation of each boundary. For example, the mesh needs to be refined near the wall. The divisions are small so that the simulation is independent of the mesh size. After the grid division processing is completed, the grid quality needs to be checked. In the embodiment of the present invention, the value of the grid quality is a positive number, and the larger the positive value, the better the grid division quality and the more realistic and reliable the simulation effect. As a preferred embodiment, the grid quality is >0.3, meeting the grid quality requirements.

The grid division processing described in the embodiment of the present invention is preferably implemented by software. As a specific preferred embodiment, the grid division process is realized by using ICEM CFD under ansys software.

Because the grid division size of each boundary in the indoor three-dimensional model needs to be set in different sizes according to different boundaries, for example, the grid of the boundary layer needs to be denser. Therefore, in this step, before the step of meshing the indoor three-dimensional model, it is necessary to set the boundary of the indoor three-dimensional model, specifically in the ansys software ICEM CFD, which is the definition part. The boundary setting includes entrance, exit, WALL, etc., so as to carry out grid division, and further facilitate the setting of boundary conditions on the boundary during subsequent simulation.

In the above step S03, the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model is set for simulation boundary conditions, and the boundary condition setting refers to parameter setting for the boundaries set in the above step S02, including parameters such as entrance, exit, and wall, etc. . The setting of the boundary conditions should be as close as possible to the boundary conditions of the actual situation in order to obtain simulation results closer to the actual situation. Wherein, in the step of setting the simulated boundary conditions for the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model, the boundary conditions include the airflow velocity, direction and pressure at the air inlet, the outlet is the outflow outlet, and the wall is set to rebound or catch Wait. Of course, it should be understood that the boundary conditions also include other boundary conditions not listed in the research object.

Fluid mechanics is a branch of mechanics. It mainly studies the static state and motion state of the fluid itself under the action of various forces, as well as the interaction and flow laws when there is relative motion between the fluid and solid boundary walls. It has a wide range of application scenarios. Fluid mechanics is widely used in the field of fluids. The simulation of aircraft outflow flow field, natural convection, radiation heat transfer, discrete phase, multiphase flow, combustion and other fields saves a lot of actual experiment time and cost. Fluid mechanics has superior characteristics in the simulation of atmospheric particulate matter. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grids in the indoor three-dimensional model are set for simulation boundary conditions, and the simulation is realized by using the principles of fluid mechanics. As a specific preferred embodiment, the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model is set to simulate boundary conditions, and the method of gas-solid two-phase flow is used to realize. In the embodiment of the present invention, because the simulation of the fluid mechanics principle is carried out in strict accordance with various force formulas such as the gas state equation, the closer the set boundary conditions are to the real situation, the more real and reliable the simulation results will be. In terms of actual production and life, a lot of time and production costs can be saved. The embodiment of the present invention uses the principle of fluid mechanics to study the trajectory of the particles according to the force of the particles under the action of the air, judge the distribution of the particles, and find the optimal position for placing the ambient air quality equipment, so that the detection results can better reflect people. The living environment provides a healthier environment for people.

The simulation of the grids in the indoor three-dimensional model can be realized by software. As a specific preferred embodiment, use the fluent software under ansys to use the method of gas-solid two-phase flow for the divided grids to set the boundary conditions strictly according to the conditions of the actual environment, such as the air inlet velocity, direction, pressure, etc. Set the number of iteration steps to calculate and get the simulation results.

In the embodiment of the present invention, adding the discrete phase can obtain the movement trajectory of the particles in the room, analyze the movement trajectory and distribution of the particles in the model, and then according to the results of the movement trajectory and distribution of the particles in the model , to determine the location of the ambient air quality equipment, to avoid the result error caused by the uneven distribution of particulate matter. As a preferred embodiment, the ambient air quality equipment includes but not limited to an environmental quality sensor and an air purifier.

The simulation used in the embodiment of the present invention is set according to the actual situation of the research object, and the simulation result is calculated according to the real force formula, so the calculation result is true and reliable, and can be used as an important basis for analyzing the particle distribution, and more It can be used as a method for optimizing the location of air quality equipment such as environmental quality sensors or air purification devices.

The present invention provides a method for optimizing the placement position of indoor air quality equipment based on particle motion trajectory simulation based on fluid mechanics. The indoor three-dimensional model is divided into grids and simulated boundary conditions are set at the same time. After adding the discrete phase, the indoor air quality can be obtained. The movement trajectory of the particles can be used to realize the clear and intuitive display of the distribution of the particles in the room, so that the distribution of the particles in the room can be understood. On this basis, it is possible to determine the reasonable location of the ambient air quality equipment, and play a better role in optimizing the location of the ambient air quality equipment, so that the detection results are closer to the actual situation, and then better guide people to improve the environment , In addition, the present invention applies the principles of fluid mechanics to optimize the placement of ambient air quality equipment, avoiding result errors caused by uneven distribution of indoor particulate matter.

Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for optimizing indoor environmental quality, including the following steps:

Q01. Determine the location of ambient air quality equipment according to the above method of optimizing the location of indoor air quality equipment;

Q02. Analyze and process the information obtained by the ambient air quality equipment, and use this as a basis to adjust the parameters affecting the indoor environmental quality, thereby optimizing the indoor environmental quality.

Specifically, in the above step Q01, the method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment determines the placement of ambient air quality equipment as described above. In order to save space, details are omitted here.

In the above step Q02, the information obtained by the ambient air quality equipment is analyzed and processed. As a specific embodiment, the information obtained by the ambient air quality equipment is uploaded to the smart home operation platform or the environmental detector platform, and the data is viewed to understand the distribution of indoor particulate matter.

According to the obtained distribution of indoor particulate matter, the parameters affecting the indoor environmental quality are adjusted, thereby optimizing the indoor environmental quality. As a specific embodiment, the parameters affecting the quality of the indoor environment include air-conditioning wind speed, wind direction, and the like. The distribution of the particles is recalculated through the parameters affecting the indoor environmental quality, so as to determine the optimal wind speed and wind direction so that the indoor environmental quality can reach the optimal condition for human respiratory health.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing indoor environmental quality based on fluid dynamics simulation of particle motion trajectory, by determining the reasonable placement of ambient air quality equipment, it can play a better role in optimizing the location of the ambient air quality equipment, Make the detection results closer to the actual situation, and then better guide people to improve the environment. Specifically, by adjusting the parameters of indoor environmental quality, the optimization effect of environmental quality can be better, so that the indoor air quality can be optimal for people's respiratory health, which is better for people. Provide an excellent living environment.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-11 , specific embodiments are listed for description. For ease of description, only parts related to the embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

A method for optimizing the location of indoor air quality equipment, comprising the steps of:

S11. Modeling, use the 3D software UG to model a room with an air conditioner of 5000mm × 2500mm × 2500mm, the size of the air conditioner is 810mm × 288mm × 680mm, and the air conditioner is placed in a corner of the room. The 3D indoor model is shown in Figure 1 .

S12. Use the ICEM CFD software under ansys to divide the model into grids. After the division is completed, the number of grids is 1224467. After checking, the quality of the grids is above 0.3, which meets the calculation requirements and avoids the influence of the grid size on the results during the simulation process. influences. The model section grid of the indoor three-dimensional model is shown in FIG. 2 .

S13. Simulate and set parameters. In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the air conditioner is set to 298K to study the trajectory of particles in the room. The settings of the boundary conditions in the simulation are shown in Table 1 below. Among them, the inlet IN represents the air speed, that is, the air blowing speed of the air conditioner, which can be set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, 0.1m/s is used, and the pressure is the standard pressure, which means that the pressure difference between the inlet and the space is the standard pressure; The outlet is a fully developed outlet, that is, how much air enters and how much goes out. The outflow rate is 1, which means no backflow, which is also set according to the actual situation; DPM means the setting of particles at the boundary, and reflect means that the inlet is a rebound inlet , escape means that the exit is an escape exit, as long as it passes through, it will enter the outside world and will not flow back; trap means that it is on the wall of the model, as long as the particles touch it, they will adhere to the wall.

Table 1

In the simulation process described in the embodiment of the present invention, there are several ideal assumptions: 1) Assume that the simulated particles are standard ball star particles; 2) Neglect the interaction between particles; 3) In the simulation, consider gravity, buoyancy and drag force 4) The air flow rate is uniform; 5) There is no interference of other forces in the flow field, such as static electricity, flying and so on.

The formula used in the simulation is as follows:

The FD(u-up) is the drag force per unit mass, where

In the formula: u is the gas phase velocity, that is, the velocity of the air inlet IN in Table 1, u _p is the particle velocity, μ is the hydrodynamic viscosity (related to the current pressure and temperature), ρ is the gas density, and ρ _p is the particle Density, d _p is the particle diameter, Re is the relative Reynolds number (particle Reynolds number), which is defined as:

is the gravitational force and buoyancy force on the particle per unit mass, and FX is the additional force, including mass force, force caused by pressure gradient, thermophoretic force, Basset force, Brownian force, Saffman lift force, etc. In the embodiment of the present invention, the influence of the additional force is not considered, so FX is 0.

The particle trajectory equation is: Solving this equation along each coordinate direction can obtain the discrete phase trajectory, that is, even without simulation, it can be calculated according to the formula. Fluent simulates strictly according to the formula, so as long as the set boundary conditions are closer to the real situation, the simulation results will be more reliable.

In the simulation, three beams of particles are injected at the entrance, namely PM2.5, PM5 and PM10, and they are injected instantaneously, so there are only these particles in the indoor space, and the parameters such as the speed and direction of the particles are set according to the actual environment. The present invention implements In the example, the particle velocity is set to 0.1m/s, the inlet is perpendicular to the inlet surface, the inlet pressure is the standard pressure, and the outlet is the outlet with fully developed outflow, that is, there is no pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. The simulation is carried out according to the settings of the boundary conditions, and the obtained results are shown in Fig. 3-11. Among them, Fig. 3 is the simulation residual curve diagram, Fig. 4 is the temperature residual diagram obtained by monitoring a certain interface; Fig. 5 is the simulation result X-axis temperature nephogram of each section; Fig. 6 is the simulation result X-axis velocity gradient of each section Cloud diagram; Fig. 7 is the temperature cloud diagram of each section in the Y-axis of the simulation result; Fig. 8 is the velocity gradient cloud diagram of each section in the Y-axis of the simulation result; Fig. 9 is the temperature cloud diagram of each section in the Z-axis of the simulation result; Fig. 10 is the simulation result in the Z-axis The velocity gradient cloud images of each section; Fig. 11 is the particle trajectory in the simulation result room.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that the residual curve has reached the 1e-6 level, but the existence of fluctuations does not mean that the flow field has been stabilized; the cross-sectional residual diagram shown in Figure 4 shows that the indoor temperature remains basically unchanged, which can be regarded as the indoor flow field. The field is stable, you can stop the iteration and observe the simulation results. At this time, the number of iteration steps has reached 25,000 steps, but it has become stable at 15,000 steps, so you can stop the iteration after 15,000 steps and the indoor temperature is basically around 300K.

Observing the cross-sectional cloud diagrams 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 of the simulation results, the temperature distribution and air velocity distribution of the indoor space, we can clearly see the influence of the air conditioner on the movement trajectory of indoor particles. If the entrance is changed to a small Area, the effect is more obvious. Using indoor cross-sectional cloud images and particle trajectory diagrams, you can find the best area to measure PM2.5 or indoor particulate matter. Table 2 is a statistical table of the number of particles tracked in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Table 2 that the escape degrees of the three kinds of particles are relatively small for this example, and the difference is not obvious. The number of escapes is the same, but it is obvious that PM2.5 They have a strong followability, are captured in a small number, and generally float in the air, which also shows the important impact of PM2.5 on human health, making this research very meaningful.

Table 2

According to the cloud map and trajectory, there is a stable airflow area in different cross-sectional areas. At this time, you only need to find the area where the temperature and speed are relatively stable, and you can obtain the best results for monitoring PM2.5 and using ambient air quality equipment such as air purifiers. Excellent area. In this area, the airflow is relatively stable, and the movement of particles will be relatively uniform, especially for particles such as PM2.5, which are highly followable and affected by the outside world. And this area is closely related to human breathing, which is close to the value of PM2.5 that people can feel. Optimizing the position of the sensor or the placement of the air purifier in this area can better guide the respiratory health of the human body. effect. In the embodiment of the present invention, it can be obtained from the obtained cloud image that the best area for placing the air quality equipment is to remove (X(-2000mm-(-1800mm)), Y(-1000mm-0mm), Z(1000mm-1800mm)) (X(-2200mm-2200mm), Y(-1250mm-100mm), Z(500mm-2200mm)) area.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (9)

1. A method for optimizing the location of indoor air quality equipment, comprising the following steps: Establishing an indoor three-dimensional model, the indoor three-dimensional model is set according to the actual size and distribution of the research object, and the indoor three-dimensional model includes an air conditioner; After performing boundary setting on the indoor three-dimensional model, performing grid division processing on the indoor three-dimensional model to obtain a gridded indoor three-dimensional model; The grid in the indoor three-dimensional model is set to simulate boundary conditions, and the set boundary conditions include: IN, OUT, Wall, reflect, escape, trap, where IN represents the entrance, OUT represents the air outlet, and Wall represents the wall , reflect means that the entrance is a rebound entrance, escape means that the exit is an escape exit; trap means that on the wall of the model, as long as the particle hits, it will adhere to the wall, and the simulation result is obtained by calculation; the temperature of the air conditioner is set to 298K, and the discrete Phase simulation analyzes the trajectory of particles in the room and determines the placement of ambient air quality equipment. The formula used in the simulation process is as follows: The F _D (u-up) is the drag force per unit mass, where In the formula: g _x is the mass acceleration, u is the gas phase velocity, that is, the velocity of the air inlet IN, u _p is the particle velocity, _CD is the drag coefficient, μ is the hydrodynamic viscosity, ρ is the gas density, and ρ _p is Particle density, d _p is the particle diameter, Re is the relative Reynolds number, which is defined as: is the resultant force of gravity and buoyancy on the particle per unit mass, and F _X is the additional force, including mass force, force caused by pressure gradient, thermophoretic force, Basset force, Brownian force, and Saffman lift force; The particle trajectory equation is: Solving this equation along each coordinate direction yields the discrete phase trajectory; In the simulation, three beams of particles, namely PM2.5, PM5 and PM10, are injected at the entrance. 2. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment according to claim 1, wherein the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model is set to simulate boundary conditions, and the method of gas-solid two-phase flow is used to realize. 3. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment according to claim 1, wherein the grid quality after the grid division is a positive number. 4. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, in the step of establishing an indoor three-dimensional model, the size and placement of the air conditioner are based on the actual conditions of the research object. The situation is set. 5. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the ambient air quality equipment includes environmental quality sensors, air purifiers and the like. 6. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, in the step of setting the simulation boundary conditions for the grid in the indoor three-dimensional model, the boundary conditions Including the magnitude, direction and pressure of the airflow velocity at the air inlet. 7. The method for optimizing the placement of indoor air quality equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the establishment of the indoor three-dimensional model is realized by using three-dimensional modeling software or ansys own three-dimensional modeling software. 8. A method for optimizing indoor environmental quality, comprising the steps of: According to the method for optimizing the placement position of indoor air quality equipment described in any one of claims 1-7, the placement position of the ambient air quality equipment is determined; The information obtained by the ambient air quality equipment is analyzed and processed, and used as a basis to adjust parameters affecting the indoor environmental quality, thereby optimizing the indoor environmental quality. 9. The method for optimizing indoor environmental quality as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, in the step of analyzing and processing the information obtained by the ambient air quality equipment to adjust parameters affecting indoor environmental quality, the influencing indoor environmental quality The parameters include air-conditioning wind speed and wind direction.