CN105204313B - A kind of optical focal distance setting system and Zooming method based on programmable orthogonal contiguity cylindrical lens - Google Patents
A kind of optical focal distance setting system and Zooming method based on programmable orthogonal contiguity cylindrical lens Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出一种基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统及变焦方法。本系统包括空间光调制器、计算机和图像传感器；所述的图像传感器设置在空间光调制器的右侧；其中空间光调制器通过传输线与计算机相连，通过计算机控制加载可编程正交密接柱透镜到空间光调制器上进行变焦。本发明简化了变焦系统的结构，缩小了系统体积，其成本较低，具有一定的应用前景。
The invention proposes an optical zoom system and a zoom method based on a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens. The system includes a spatial light modulator, a computer, and an image sensor; the image sensor is arranged on the right side of the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is connected to the computer through a transmission line, and the programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens is loaded through the computer control Go to the spatial light modulator to zoom. The invention simplifies the structure of the zoom system, reduces the volume of the system, has low cost and has certain application prospects.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于光学变焦领域，特别地，本发明涉及一种基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统及变焦方法。The invention belongs to the field of optical zooming, in particular, the invention relates to an optical zooming system and a zooming method based on a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens.
背景技术Background technique
随着科学技术的发展及生活水平的提高，人们对光学变焦系统的要求越来越高。传统的机械式变焦系统是由几组焦距固定的透镜单元组合而成，通过机械地改变透镜单元间的距离来改变系统的焦距，并且对透镜单元的移动要求非常严格，导致传统的机械式变焦系统结构复杂、体积庞大、制作成本高以及适用范围狭窄等问题。由于机械式变焦系统受到众多方面因素的限制，人们迫切地想要寻求一种主动变焦的方式来代替它。With the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for optical zoom systems. The traditional mechanical zoom system is composed of several groups of lens units with fixed focal lengths. The focal length of the system is changed by mechanically changing the distance between the lens units, and the requirements for the movement of the lens units are very strict, resulting in the traditional mechanical zoom. The system has problems such as complex structure, bulky volume, high production cost and narrow scope of application. Since the mechanical zoom system is limited by many factors, people are eager to find an active zoom method to replace it.
柱透镜作为最常用的一类透镜，近年来被广泛应用于激光束扫描、激光半导体光场准直、宽银幕投影、全息光互连器件、眼睛光学仪器等领域。如附图1所示，由正交密接柱透镜构成的光学系统克服了传统球透镜组成的光学系统不能实现各向异性操作的缺点，从而增强了光路设置的灵活性。但这种正交密接柱透镜构成的光学系统为机械式变焦系统，实用性依然受到很大的限制，从而使得采用空间光调制器进行数字变焦得到了广泛的关注。空间光调制器是一种电子可编程的设备，可以实现对光波振幅、相位、频率等的调制。通过将空间光调制器加入到光学系统中，可以缩小系统体积，减轻系统重量，降低成本，因此具有广泛的应用前景。As the most commonly used type of lens, cylindrical lens has been widely used in laser beam scanning, laser semiconductor light field collimation, wide-screen projection, holographic optical interconnection devices, eye optical instruments and other fields in recent years. As shown in Figure 1, the optical system composed of orthogonally-closed cylindrical lenses overcomes the disadvantage that the optical system composed of traditional ball lenses cannot achieve anisotropic operation, thereby enhancing the flexibility of optical path setting. However, the optical system composed of orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lenses is a mechanical zoom system, and its practicability is still greatly limited. Therefore, the use of spatial light modulators for digital zoom has attracted widespread attention. A spatial light modulator is an electronically programmable device that can modulate the amplitude, phase, frequency, etc. of light waves. By adding the spatial light modulator into the optical system, the volume of the system can be reduced, the weight of the system can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced, so it has wide application prospects.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提出一种基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统及变焦方法，在空间光调制器上加载可编程正交密接柱透镜来替代机械式变焦透镜组，利用计算机控制加载到空间光调制器上的可编程柱透镜的焦距来实现变焦，使得变焦系统具有变焦速度快、易于实现、维护成本低等优点。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an optical zoom system and zoom method based on a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens, and a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens is loaded on the spatial light modulator to replace the mechanical zoom The lens group uses a computer to control the focal length of the programmable cylindrical lens loaded on the spatial light modulator to achieve zooming, so that the zooming system has the advantages of fast zooming speed, easy implementation, and low maintenance cost.
本发明所采用的技术方案：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention:
一种基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统如图2所示，包括空间光调制器、计算机和图像传感器；所述的图像传感器设置在空间光调制器的右侧；其中空间光调制器通过传输线与计算机相连，通过计算机控制加载可编程正交密接柱透镜到空间光调制器上进行变焦。A kind of optical zoom system based on programmable orthogonal close-fitting cylindrical lens is shown in Figure 2, comprises spatial light modulator, computer and image sensor; Described image sensor is arranged on the right side of spatial light modulator; Wherein spatial light modulator The device is connected with a computer through a transmission line, and the programmable orthogonal close-fitting cylindrical lens is loaded onto the spatial light modulator through computer control for zooming.
基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦方法，包括以下步骤：An optical zooming method based on a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens, comprising the following steps:
（1）搭建基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统；(1) Build an optical zoom system based on a programmable orthogonal cylindrical lens;
（2）入射光照射在空间光调制器上；(2) The incident light is irradiated on the spatial light modulator;
（3）在空间光调制器上加载一个可编程正交密接柱透镜，可编程正交密接柱透镜由两个柱透镜构成，第一个柱透镜竖向放置，称为竖向柱透镜，第二个柱透镜横向放置，称为横向柱透镜。根据柱透镜的单向相位调制性质，设定竖向柱透镜的焦距为,计算得到竖向柱透镜的相位调制为，横向柱透镜的焦距为，计算得到横向柱透镜的相位调制为，其中是入射光的波长，x和y为笛卡尔坐标。则可编程正交密接柱透镜的相伴相位调制为，将可编程正交密接柱透镜的相位调制编制成相位全息图并加载在空间光调制器上；(3) Load a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens on the spatial light modulator. The programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens is composed of two cylindrical lenses. The first cylindrical lens is placed vertically and is called a vertical cylindrical lens. Two cylindrical lenses placed laterally are called lateral cylindrical lenses. According to the unidirectional phase modulation properties of the cylindrical lens, the focal length of the vertical cylindrical lens is set as , the phase modulation of the vertical cylindrical lens is calculated as , the focal length of the transverse cylindrical lens is , the calculated phase modulation of the transverse cylindrical lens is ,in is the wavelength of the incident light, and x and y are Cartesian coordinates. Then the accompanying phase modulation of the programmable orthogonal close-packed cylindrical lens is , the phase modulation of the programmable orthogonal close-packed cylindrical lens is compiled into a phase hologram and loaded on the spatial light modulator;
（4）通过计算机改变加载到空间光调制器上的可编程正交密接柱透镜的全息图，改变可编程正交密接柱透镜的焦距，从而实现数字变焦功能；(4) Change the hologram of the programmable orthogonal dense cylindrical lens loaded on the spatial light modulator through the computer, and change the focal length of the programmable orthogonal dense cylindrical lens, thereby realizing the digital zoom function;
（5）调制后的物光照射到图像传感器上，对获得的图像进行采集。(5) The modulated object light is irradiated onto the image sensor, and the obtained image is collected.
优选地，空间光调制器为透射式型空间光调制器。Preferably, the spatial light modulator is a transmissive type spatial light modulator.
优选地，图像传感器为CCD图像传感器。Preferably, the image sensor is a CCD image sensor.
优选地，步骤（3）中的笛卡尔坐标x、y均从可编程柱透镜中心开始测量。Preferably, the Cartesian coordinates x and y in step (3) are measured from the center of the programmable cylindrical lens.
优选地，步骤（3）中相位计算时取模操作。Preferably, the phase in step (3) Modulo when calculating operate.
优选地，步骤（3）中可编程正交密接柱透镜中的竖向柱透镜和横向柱透镜的焦距和，当时，可编程正交密接柱透镜的焦距；当时，可编程正交密接柱透镜分别单独对光进行方向x和y方向的相位调制，实现对物光的各向异性操作。Preferably, in step (3), the focal lengths of the vertical cylindrical lens and the horizontal cylindrical lens in the orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens can be programmed and ,when When , the focal length of the programmable orthogonal close-packed cylindrical lens ;when When , the programmable orthogonal close-fitting cylindrical lens performs phase modulation on the light in the direction x and y direction separately, and realizes the anisotropic operation on the object light.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1为正交密接柱透镜构成的传统光学变焦系统示意图。Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic diagram of a traditional optical zoom system composed of orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lenses.
附图2为本发明提出的基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural diagram of the optical zoom system based on the programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens proposed by the present invention.
附图3为本发明的焦距为50cm的可编程正交密接柱透镜的相位全息图。Accompanying drawing 3 is the phase hologram of the programmable orthogonal compact cylindrical lens with a focal length of 50 cm of the present invention.
附图4为本发明的焦距为35cm的竖向柱透镜与焦距为50cm的横向柱透镜组合成的可编程正交密接柱透镜的相位全息图。Accompanying drawing 4 is the phase hologram of the programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens composed of the vertical cylindrical lens with the focal length of 35 cm and the horizontal cylindrical lens with the focal length of 50 cm according to the present invention.
附图5为本发明的焦距为50cm的竖向柱透镜与焦距为35cm的横向柱透镜组合成的可编程正交密接柱透镜的相位全息图。Accompanying drawing 5 is the phase hologram of the programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens which is composed of the vertical cylindrical lens with the focal length of 50 cm and the horizontal cylindrical lens with the focal length of 35 cm according to the present invention.
上述附图中的图示标号为：The pictorial labels in the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are:
1空间光调制器、2计算机、3图像传感器1 spatial light modulator, 2 computer, 3 image sensor
应该理解上述附图只是示意性的，并没有按比例绘制。It should be understood that the above drawings are only schematic and not drawn to scale.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细说明本发明提出的一种基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统及变焦方法的实施例，对本发明进行进一步的描述。有必要在此指出的是，以下实施例只用于本发明做进一步的说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，该领域技术熟练人员根据上述发明内容对本发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。An embodiment of an optical zoom system and a zoom method based on a programmable orthogonal cylindrical lens proposed by the present invention will be described in detail below to further describe the present invention. It is necessary to point out that the following examples are only used for further description of the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art make some non-essential improvements and improvements to the present invention according to the above-mentioned content of the invention. Adjustment still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明根据空间光调制器的相位调制原理，由计算机产生不同焦距的竖向柱透镜及横向柱透镜组合而成的可编程正交密接柱透镜的相位全息图，将相位全息图加载在空间光调制器上，由空间光调制器来调制入射光，实现数字变焦功能。可编程正交密接柱透镜具有相位调制的作用，其相伴相位调制为,其中，为竖向柱透镜的焦距,为横向柱透镜的焦距，是入射光的波长，x和y为笛卡尔坐标。According to the phase modulation principle of the spatial light modulator, the present invention uses a computer to generate a phase hologram of a programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens composed of vertical cylindrical lenses and horizontal cylindrical lenses with different focal lengths, and loads the phase hologram on the spatial light On the modulator, the incident light is modulated by the spatial light modulator to realize the digital zoom function. Programmable orthogonal close-packed cylindrical lens has the function of phase modulation, and its accompanying phase modulation is ,in, is the focal length of the vertical cylindrical lens, is the focal length of the transverse cylindrical lens, is the wavelength of the incident light, and x and y are Cartesian coordinates.
通过在空间光调制器上加载不同焦距的竖向柱透镜及横向柱透镜组合而成的可编程正交密接柱透镜的相位全息图来实现变焦功能，在空间光调制器上显示的相位全息图可以由计算得到 ,其中，x和y为笛卡尔坐标，从可编程柱透镜中心开始测量，表示取模操作。取模操作是为了使可编程柱透镜在理论上的衍射效率能够达到100%，空间光调制器上每一个像素的相位都能在范围内变化，即实现了数字变焦功能。The zoom function is realized by loading the phase hologram of the programmable orthogonal close-fitting cylindrical lens combined with the vertical cylindrical lens and the horizontal cylindrical lens with different focal lengths on the spatial light modulator, and the phase hologram displayed on the spatial light modulator can be made by Calculated, wherein, x and y are Cartesian coordinates, measured from the center of the programmable cylindrical lens, Indicates modulo operate. The modulo operation is to make the theoretical diffraction efficiency of the programmable cylindrical lens reach 100% , and the phase of each pixel on the spatial light modulator can be in Change within the range, which realizes the digital zoom function.
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如附图2所示，一种基于可编程正交密接柱透镜的光学变焦系统，包括空间光调制器、计算机和图像传感器；所述的图像传感器设置在空间光调制器的右侧；其中空间光调制器通过传输线与计算机相连，通过计算机控制加载可编程正交密接柱透镜到空间光调制器上进行变焦。As shown in accompanying drawing 2, a kind of optical zoom system based on programmable orthogonal tight cylindrical lens, comprises spatial light modulator, computer and image sensor; Described image sensor is arranged on the right side of spatial light modulator; Wherein space The light modulator is connected with the computer through the transmission line, and the programmable orthogonal close-contact cylindrical lens is loaded onto the spatial light modulator through computer control for zooming.
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