CN105276838B - A kind of equal light pipe type reactor of solar energy based on refraction or drier - Google Patents

Abstract

A refraction-based solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer, which is composed of a plurality of cylindrical transparent hollow photorefractive media with a certain refractive index and a certain thickness. The surface, the inner surface of the innermost cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium and the adjacent cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium are covered with an anti-reflection film to reduce light reflection loss; the innermost cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium The inside of the anti-reflection film on the inner surface of the medium is the inner wall, and the inner wall is the inner reaction or drying cavity; from the outside to the inside, the relative refractive index of the cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium and air increases sequentially; When propagating in the hollow transparent cylinder, it is constantly deflected due to refraction, so that the circumferential light receiving angle is significantly increased, and the light distribution in the circumferential direction of the reactor or dryer is more uniform.

Description

A refraction-based solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer

technical field

The invention relates to a solar tube reactor or dryer, in particular to a solar tube reactor or dryer based on the principle of refraction, having a larger circumferential light receiving angle and more uniform circumferential light energy distribution.

Background technique

With the increase of energy demand around the world, traditional fossil fuels are gradually decreasing, and the problem of environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent. The use of renewable energy has become an important means to solve the current energy demand and environmental pollution. Solar energy has the advantages of wide distribution, large reserves, clean and pollution-free, and is a typical renewable energy. Vigorously developing solar energy is of great significance to the sustainable development of human society.

Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production is an effective form of using solar energy to realize energy conversion and solve the energy crisis. Taking the composite parabolic photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (CPC) as an example, sunlight irradiates the circular tubular catalytic reactor, and the reaction liquid flowing inside the catalytic reactor undergoes a catalytic reaction under the action of sunlight to produce hydrogen. , to realize the conversion of solar energy to hydrogen energy. The solar energy distribution on the catalytic reactor has an important influence on the catalytic reaction inside the reactor. At present, catalytic reactors are usually made of transparent materials such as extremely thin glass, and the surface causes a large energy loss due to light reflection. In addition, there are also the disadvantages of limited light receiving angle in the circumferential direction (the light receiving surface is only the part facing the light, and the circumferential receiving angle is ≤180°), and the light distribution is locally concentrated. Since the backlight side cannot be illuminated, efficient photocatalysis cannot be performed. The hydrogen production reaction reduces the solar energy utilization rate in the photocatalytic hydrogen production process.

Solar dryers are another efficient way to harness the sun's energy. Specifically, in the solar dryer, the solar energy irradiates the surface of the material, and the heat is transferred to the inside of the material, so that the moisture contained in the material diffuses to the surface of the material, and then diffuses into the air. At the same time, the moisture in the air is continuously carried away. Go, so that the moisture contained in the material gradually decreases, and finally becomes dry. The solar dryer can make full use of solar radiation energy, effectively increase the drying temperature, shorten the drying time, and improve the quality level of the product. Solar dryers mainly include greenhouse solar dryers, collector solar dryers, greenhouse-collector solar dryers, concentrated solar dryers and integral solar dryers. Taking the greenhouse-type solar dryer as an example, sunlight shines on the side of the material to be dried through the glass cover plate, which can make the side of the material exposed to light dry quickly, while the side of the backlight cannot receive light, so the drying speed is relatively slow, and the material is partially dried. Concentrated heating will adversely affect the quality and shape of the dried product. In addition, sunlight shining on the surface of the dryer will cause a large energy loss due to reflection.

To sum up, the current problems of solar reactors or dryers mainly include:

1) When sunlight irradiates the surface of the reactor or dryer, the light reflection is strong, resulting in a large energy loss;

2) The circumferential acceptance angle of light in the reactor or dryer is limited (usually the part facing the light, the circumferential acceptance angle is ≤180°), and the energy distribution is locally concentrated and uneven, which cannot be applied to solar photocatalytic hydrogen production and material synchronization Uniform drying and other occasions that have high requirements on the uniformity of light distribution.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a refraction-based solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer, which can use solar energy to achieve efficient and uniform photocatalytic reaction or material drying, and can be used for photocatalytic Catalytic hydrogen production, solar drying, solar sewage treatment and other solar thermal applications. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, large circumferential acceptance angle of light, relatively uniform distribution of light in the circumferential direction, etc., and has a good application prospect.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A refraction-based solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer, which is composed of a plurality of cylindrical transparent hollow photorefractive media with a certain refractive index and a certain thickness. The surface, the inner surface of the innermost cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium and the adjacent cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium are covered with an anti-reflection film to reduce light reflection loss; the innermost cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction The inside of the anti-reflection coating on the inner surface of the medium is the inner wall, and the inside of the inner wall is the inner reaction or drying chamber; from the outside to the inside, the relative refractive index of the cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium and air increases in turn.

The material of the antireflection film is magnesium fluoride, titanium oxide, lead sulfide or lead selenide.

There are two cylindrical transparent hollow photorefractive media with a certain refractive index and a certain thickness, and the solar uniform light tube reactor or dryer is composed of the outer anti-reflection coating 1 and the first layer from the outside to the inside. Cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium 2, middle layer anti-reflection film 3, second layer cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium 4, inner layer anti-reflection film 5, internal wall surface 6 and internal reaction or drying chamber 7; The thickness of the transparent film is determined according to the target anti-reflection light and its thickness is extremely small, ignoring the influence of its thickness on light propagation.

The material of the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 2 is ordinary glass, its refractive index is 1.5, the outer diameter is 4cm, the inner diameter is 2.66cm, and the thickness is 0.67cm; the second layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light The material of the refraction medium 4 is extra-heavy flint glass with a refractive index of 1.89, an outer diameter of 2.66 cm, an inner diameter of 2.12 cm, and a thickness of 0.27 cm; the material of the inner wall 6 is ordinary glass with a refractive index of 1.5, The outer diameter is 2.12cm, the inner diameter is 1.92cm, and the thickness is 0.1cm.

The length of the solar homogeneous tube reactor or drier is 2m.

Compared with traditional solar tube reactors or dryers, the present invention has the following advantages:

1) Anti-reflection coatings are designed between the inner and outer surfaces of the solar energy homogenizing tube reactor or dryer, and between layers of light refraction media, which can effectively reduce the energy loss caused by light reflection and make the solar homogenizing tube reactor The photothermal efficiency of the reactor or dryer is improved, which facilitates efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production and rapid drying of materials.

2) The application of light-transmitting media with different refractive indices in each layer makes the light continuously refracted and deflected when propagating in the refracting medium, and finally makes a part of the light enter the solar uniform light tube reactor or the incident position of the inner cavity of the dryer from positive to positive. The side facing the light becomes the backlight side, thereby significantly increasing the light receiving angle in the circumferential direction of the solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer (increased from 180° in the circumferential direction to 351.4° in the circumferential direction), so that the light in the solar energy The homogeneous tube reactor or dryer is more evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and can be used in occasions that require high uniformity of light distribution, such as photocatalytic hydrogen production, simultaneous and uniform drying of materials, etc.

3) The photorefractive medium of a certain thickness in each layer has a thermal storage effect, which can effectively heat the reaction liquid or air flowing through the cavity to form convection, thereby providing favorable temperature and flow conditions for photocatalytic reaction or material drying.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the propagation route of light in the solar tube reactor or drier of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the light distribution position on the inner wall surface of the present invention calculated by using software.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is based on the refraction-based solar homogeneous tube reactor or drier, from the outside to the inside by the outer anti-reflection film 1, the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 2, the middle layer anti-reflection The membrane 3, the second layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 4, the inner anti-reflection film 5, the inner wall 6 and the inner reaction or drying chamber 7 are composed. The thickness of each layer of anti-reflection coating is determined according to the target anti-reflection light and its thickness is extremely small, ignoring the influence of its thickness on light transmission.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 2 is made of ordinary glass with a refractive index of 1.5, an outer diameter of 4 cm, an inner diameter of 2.66 cm, and a thickness of 0.67 cm. Structure; the material of the second layer cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 4 is extra heavy flint glass, its refractive index is 1.89, the outer diameter is 2.66cm, the inner diameter is 2.12cm, the thickness is 0.27cm, and the ring structure; The material of the inner wall 6 is ordinary glass with a refractive index of 1.5, an outer diameter of 2.12 cm, an inner diameter of 1.92 cm, and a thickness of 0.1 cm. The internal reaction or drying cavity 7 has a diameter of 1.92 cm, which is used as a photocatalytic reaction and material drying space.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the solar homogeneous tube reactor or drier is 2m. And it can be redesigned and adjusted according to actual needs.

The working principle of the refraction-based solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer in this embodiment is: when the light hits the outer anti-reflection coating 1, the reflection is weakened, the transmitted light is enhanced, and the light enters the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction Refraction occurs after the medium 2, and the light path is deflected. When it irradiates the anti-reflection coating 3 in the middle layer, the reflected light is weakened, and most of the light enters the second cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 4, and the light is deflected again, and finally passes through the inner layer. Layer anti-reflection film 5 and internal wall surface 6 enter the internal reaction or drying cavity 7 to realize photocatalytic reaction and material drying. The anti-reflection coating can effectively reduce the energy loss caused by light reflection and improve the photothermal efficiency of the solar uniform tube reactor or dryer; the application of two layers of photorefractive media with different refractive indices makes the light continuously deflect in the refraction media , can significantly increase the light receiving angle in the circumferential direction of the solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer (increased from 180° in the circumferential direction to 351.4° in the circumferential direction), so that the light in the circumferential direction of the solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer The distribution is more uniform; two layers of photorefractive media with a certain thickness have heat storage effect, which can effectively heat the reaction liquid or air flowing through the cavity, form convection, and provide favorable temperature and flow conditions for solar photocatalytic reaction or material drying.

Taking the solar photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction as an example, one end of the internal reaction chamber is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the internal reaction chamber is connected to the liquid outlet pipe/gas collection pipe, and the photocatalytic reaction liquid containing the catalyst is fed from one end of the internal reaction chamber Enter the solar homogeneous tube reactor and fill the entire solar homogeneous tube reactor. When sunlight hits the outer anti-reflection coating 1, the reflection is weakened and the transmitted light is enhanced. The light enters the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 2 and then refracts, and the light path is deflected. The reflected light is weakened, and the transmitted light enters the second layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 4, and the light is deflected again, passes through the inner antireflection film 5 and the inner wall 6, and enters the inner reaction chamber, and finally part of the light enters the inner reaction chamber The incident position of the body will change from the side facing the light to the backlight side of the reactor due to refraction (the light receiving angle in the circumferential direction increases from 180° in the circumferential direction to 351.4° in the circumferential direction). The circumferential direction is more evenly distributed, and the reaction solution undergoes photocatalytic reaction under the action of incident sunlight in the circumferential direction. At this time, the reaction liquid originally located on the backlight side will also be irradiated by light to undergo a photocatalytic reaction, thereby improving the efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction. The photorefractive medium has a certain heat storage capacity, which will heat the reaction liquid in the reaction chamber to form convection, accelerate the disturbance of the reaction liquid, avoid catalyst sedimentation, and further improve the efficiency of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction. A large-scale photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction can be realized by combining a plurality of solar light uniform tube reactors of the present invention. After the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction is completed, the waste liquid is output from one end of the solar homogeneous tube reactor, or the hydrogen gas is obtained through continuous circulation reaction. The invention can be used in photocatalytic hydrogen production or solar sewage treatment and other occasions.

Taking material drying as an example, the material to be dried is input into the internal drying chamber from one end of the solar uniform tube dryer, and the other end of the solar uniform tube dryer is connected to the atmosphere, which facilitates the formation of air convection and accelerates the drying process of the material. When sunlight hits the outer anti-reflection coating 1, the reflection is weakened and the transmitted light is enhanced. The light enters the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 2 and then refracts, and the light path is deflected. The reflected light is weakened, and the transmitted light enters the second layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium 4, and the light is deflected again, passes through the inner anti-reflection film 5 and the inner wall 6, and enters the inner drying chamber, and finally part of the light enters the inner drying chamber The incident position of the body will change from the side facing the light to the backlight side of the solar uniform light tube dryer due to refraction (the light receiving angle in the circumferential direction increases from 180° in the circumferential direction to 351.4° in the circumferential direction), and the material is uniformly lighted by the solar energy. The circumferential direction of the tubular dryer absorbs solar energy more uniformly, and the moisture contained in it diffuses to the surface of the material, and then diffuses into the air. At the same time, the refraction medium has a certain heat storage capacity, which will heat and dry the air in the cavity, and then form air Convection continuously takes away the moisture, so that the moisture contained in the material gradually decreases, and finally becomes dry. After a batch of materials reaches the dry state, it can be output from one end of the solar uniform light tube dryer, and the next batch of materials to be dried can be input into the internal drying chamber, so as to carry out cycle drying. The more uniform distribution of light in the circumferential direction of the solar uniform tube dryer enables the invention to greatly improve the light and heat utilization efficiency of solar energy; the material absorbs solar energy more uniformly in the circumferential direction, which is of great significance for improving the drying quality of products. Combining multiple solar uniform light tube dryers of the present invention can realize rapid and large-scale material drying.

In order to verify that the invention is based on the principle of refraction, the incident position of a part of the light can be changed from the side facing the light of the solar uniform tube reactor or dryer to the backlight side of the solar uniform tube reactor or dryer, thereby significantly increasing The large solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer circumferential light receiving angle makes the light distribution in the solar homogeneous tube reactor or dryer more uniform, and the software is used to control the light in the conventional tube reactor or dryer. The propagation process on the device and the solar light uniform tube reactor of the present invention or the dryer has been calculated, and finally the light distribution position on the inner wall 6 is obtained, as shown in Figure 2: the conventional tube reactor or the dryer circumferential direction The light receiving angle of the present invention is 180 °; the light receiving angle of the 6 circumferential directions of the inner wall of the present invention is 351.4 °, and the solar energy homogeneous tube type reactor of the present invention or the circumferential direction of the drier almost all have light incident, so the light is inside the present invention The light intensity distribution on the wall surface 6 is more uniform, thereby proving that the present invention has the light receiving angle that effectively increases solar energy homogenizing tube reactor or drier circumferential direction, makes light flow in solar homogenizing tube reactor or drier. Circumferential distribution is more uniform.

Claims (1)

1. A refraction-based solar energy homogeneous tube type container, which is a reactor or a drier, is characterized in that: it is made up of two cylinder-shaped transparent hollow light-refracting media with a certain refractive index and a certain thickness. The layer is the outer surface of the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium (2), the inner layer is the inner surface of the second layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium (4) and the space between the adjacent cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium Covered with an anti-reflection film to reduce light reflection loss; the interior of the anti-reflection film on the inner surface of the cylindrical transparent hollow light-refractive medium of the inner layer is the inner wall, and the inner wall is the internal reaction chamber or drying chamber; from outside to inside , the relative refractive index between the cylindrical transparent hollow photorefractive medium and air increases successively; the material of the anti-reflection film is magnesium fluoride, titanium oxide, lead sulfide or lead selenide; The material of the first layer of cylindrical transparent hollow light refraction medium (2) is ordinary glass, its refractive index is 1.5, the outer diameter is 4cm, the inner diameter is 2.66cm, and the thickness is 0.67cm; the second layer of cylindrical transparent The material of the hollow light refraction medium (4) is extra heavy flint glass, its refractive index is 1.89, the outer diameter is 2.66cm, the inner diameter is 2.12cm, and the thickness is 0.27cm; the material of the inner wall (6) is ordinary glass, Its refractive index is 1.5, the outer diameter is 2.12cm, the inner diameter is 1.92cm, and the thickness is 0.1cm; The length of the solar energy homogenizing tube container is 2m.