CN105525912B - For monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation - Google Patents
For monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105525912B CN105525912B CN201610055315.5A CN201610055315A CN105525912B CN 105525912 B CN105525912 B CN 105525912B CN 201610055315 A CN201610055315 A CN 201610055315A CN 105525912 B CN105525912 B CN 105525912B
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- artificial gas
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 48
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011155 quantitative monitoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于监测人工气顶形成的实验方法，步骤如下：在反应釜内预先填充玻璃微珠，设定实验温度；向反应釜内注入水，直至饱和；向反应釜内注入模拟地层油，直至采出口流出模拟地层油的含水率降至1%以下；向反应釜内注入氮气，控制流速稳定油气界面防止向下气窜，直至形成初步人工气顶，关闭采出口的阀门；继续向反应釜内注入氮气至一定体积，氮气在重力差异作用下与初步人工气顶汇合形成最终的人工气顶，关闭中间容器的阀门和注入口的阀门；通过可视窗观测人工气顶形成过程和规模，同时通过取样管柱获取相应位置流体并进行气油比测量和气体组成分析，共同评价人工气顶形成情况。该实验方法解决了断块油藏特高含水期剩余油难以动用的难题。
The invention relates to an experimental method for monitoring the formation of an artificial gas cap. The steps are as follows: pre-filling glass microbeads in a reaction kettle to set an experimental temperature; injecting water into the reaction kettle until it is saturated; injecting simulation into the reaction kettle Formation oil until the water content of the simulated formation oil flowing out of the production outlet drops below 1%; inject nitrogen into the reactor, control the flow rate to stabilize the oil-gas interface to prevent downward gas channeling, and close the valve of the production outlet until a preliminary artificial gas cap is formed; Continue to inject nitrogen into the reaction kettle to a certain volume, the nitrogen will merge with the preliminary artificial gas cap under the action of gravity difference to form the final artificial gas cap, close the valve of the intermediate container and the valve of the injection port; observe the formation process of the artificial gas cap through the visual window At the same time, the fluid at the corresponding position is obtained through the sampling string, and the gas-oil ratio measurement and gas composition analysis are carried out to jointly evaluate the formation of the artificial gas cap. This experimental method solves the problem that the remaining oil in the fault-block reservoir is difficult to produce during the ultra-high water cut stage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Reservoir Development technical fields, and in particular to a kind of for monitoring the experiment side of artificial gas cap formation
Method.
Background technique
The distribution of fault block oil reservoir ultra-high water cut stage remaining oil becomes increasingly complex, and scale is also smaller and smaller, and faults control is remaining
Oil (attic oil, construction high position portion, corner remaining oil etc.) is difficult to effective exploitation.Currently, it has been proposed that being formed manually using gas injection
The mode of pneumatic jack effectively excavates remaining oil, to alleviate oil reservoir development contradiction and stablize oil reservoir production, however can have due to lacking
The physical simulating method and device that effect monitoring artificial gas cap is formed, form feelings for artificial gas cap so that carrying out not yet both at home and abroad
The experimental study of condition.Therefore, it is badly in need of developing a kind of experimental method formed for monitoring artificial gas cap, with quantitative analysis and quantitatively
Monitor the formational situation of artificial gas cap.
Application publication number is that the patent of invention of CN102720479A discloses a kind of physical analogy dress for gas cap reservoir
It sets, which is made of a cubic container；Cubic container includes that an ontology and one are set to the gland of bodies top,
Accommodating cavity is equipped in ontology, gland lower part is equipped with piston identical with accommodating cavity opening shape；The one side wall of ontology is equipped with form,
Other side walls of ontology or bottom surface are equipped with multiple poroid functional measurement points, and functional measurement point is connected with accommodating cavity；In accommodating cavity
Full of granular porous medium, piston is protruded into accommodating cavity and is pressed by accommodating cavity opening and is set on granular porous medium；Cube
Container is equipped with the injecting hole be connected with accommodating cavity；It is equipped in granular porous medium in accommodating cavity multiple for simulation wellbore hole
Tubing string.The simulator can simulate the gas cap reservoir under different driving mode and different development schemes, but can only measure and adopt
The oil mass and tolerance that oil well production goes out, and it is unable to measure the artificial gas cap to be formed in the oil mass, tolerance and gas-oil ratio of different location,
Therefore formational situation of the simulator without quantitative analysis and Quantitative Monitoring artificial gas cap；Furthermore the simulator is based on normal
Gas cap reservoir is simulated under pressure ring border, however the full-scale condition that artificial gas cap is formed in oil reservoir is the ring of high temperature and pressure
Border, therefore the analog result and measurement result obtained using the simulator does not meet actual conditions, lacks authenticity and can
By property.
Summary of the invention
To solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for monitoring the experiment side of artificial gas cap formation
Method, its object is to: the gas-oil ratio and gas group of different location fluid in quantitative analysis reaction kettle are realized by the experimental method
At forming process and scale form to artificial gas cap are monitored, and then realize the various development schemes in relation to artificial gas cap
Simulated experiment and effect assessment.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: it is a kind of for monitor artificial gas cap formation experiment
Method, according to sequencing the following steps are included:
Step 1: it is pre-charged with glass microballoon in reaction kettle and vacuumizes, while the leakproofness of checking experiment device is simultaneously
Set experimental temperature；
Step 2: the valve of inlet at the top of the valve and reaction kettle of the intermediate receptacle equipped with water is opened, is pumped by displacement
Water is injected into reaction kettle, until saturation, is then shut off the valve of the intermediate receptacle and the valve of inlet；
Step 3: the valve of the intermediate receptacle equipped with formation oil, the valve and reaction kettle of reaction kettle top inlet are opened
Bottom produces the valve of mouth, and the back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth is adjusted to close, is passed through
Displacement, which is pumped, injects simulated formation oil into reaction kettle, until the moisture content of extraction mouth outflow simulated formation oil is down to 1% hereinafter, so
The valve of the intermediate receptacle, the valve of inlet and the valve for producing mouth are closed afterwards；
Step 4: the valve of the intermediate receptacle equipped with nitrogen, the valve and reaction kettle bottom of reaction kettle top inlet are opened
Portion produces the valve of mouth, and the back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth is adjusted to close, passes through drive
Nitrogen is injected into reaction kettle with certain flow and constant pressure for pump, coutroi velocity stabilized hydrocarbon interface prevents downward has channeling,
Until forming preliminary artificial gas cap, the valve of extraction mouth is closed；Continue to inject into reaction kettle simultaneously nitrogen to certain volume or
Pressure, nitrogen converge to form final artificial gas cap under gravity difference effect with preliminary artificial gas cap, close the intermediate receptacle
Valve and inlet valve；
Step 5: the local process and scale shape that artificial gas cap is formed are observed by the visual window of reaction kettle front and rear sides
State, while the fluid of the sampling tubing string extraction corresponding position by reaction kettle arranged on left and right sides, and utilize and sample what tubing string was connect
The gas-oil ratio and gas component of sampling analytical system measurement corresponding position fluid；
Step 6: the quantitative analysis results of the image and reaction kettle different location fluid observed by visual window are common
Evaluate the formational situation of artificial gas cap.
Preferably, in the step 1, the experimental temperature set provides hot environment as 80-100 DEG C, for experiment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 2, the relationship for measuring pressure difference and flow obtains its infiltration
Rate obtains its porosity by the ratio of the volume of water and total volume after saturated water.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 3, the process that formation oil is injected into reaction kettle terminates
Afterwards, it closes each valve, stands the formation oil for making to inject in reaction kettle for 24 hours and glass microballoon forms stable state, partial gas phase,
Oil phase component can be adsorbed on glass microballoon surface, make simulation system closer to true oil reservoir state by standing process.In step
In rapid three, the back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth is adjusted to close or equal, to ensure to satisfy
More evenly with oily process.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 4, after the process that nitrogen is injected into reaction kettle,
Each valve is closed, well 2-3h is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire.In step 4, the back pressure numerical value of the back-pressure valve of the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth will be produced
It is adjusted to close, wherein the back pressure numerical value of the back-pressure valve of injected system is slightly higher, to ensure extraction mouth of the fluid to reactor bottom
Flowing.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, in the step 5, each sampling tubing string corresponding positions can be obtained simultaneously
The fluid set, and gas-oil ratio measurement and gas composition are carried out using the sampling analytical system connecting with each sampling tubing string simultaneously
Analysis can also be surveyed only using a sampling analytical system according to fluid of the sequencing to different sampling tubing string corresponding positions
Amount, the gas-oil ratio of the different location finally obtained and the constituent of gas are different, so that it is determined that different probe tubes
Whether column position has gas phase, while determining that the gas phase is solution gas or injection gas.The comprehensive obtained phase of different location
Conclusion is closed, determines the distributing position of artificial gas cap, and determines the formational situation of artificial gas cap jointly with the image observed, and right
The scale and form for being formed by artificial gas cap are described.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, experimental provision used in the experimental method is for monitoring artificial gas
Push up the experimental provision formed.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the experimental provision for monitoring artificial gas cap formation includes rotating dress
Set, reaction kettle, injected system, sampling analytical system and constant temperature heating device, the reaction kettle are mounted on the rotating device,
The injected system and the sampling analytical system are connect with the reaction kettle, and the rotating device and the reaction kettle are placed on
In the constant temperature heating device.
Constant temperature heating device is used to provide hot environment for experiment；Rotating device can make reaction kettle rotate different angles
Degree, and then different stratigraphic dips is provided for experiment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the position setting fastening dress that the rotating device is contacted with the reaction kettle
It sets.Clamp device provides stable measuring condition for fixing reaction kettle, for experiment.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, it is filled inside the reaction kettle and is compacted glass microballoon.Reaction kettle is by resistance to
High temperature, high voltage bearing stainless steel material are made, and the inner wall surface of reaction kettle needs feather plucking to handle, the unevenness point of inner wall surface
Cloth is calculated according to the particle size of glass microballoon and is obtained.It is pre-charged with inside reaction kettle and is compacted a large amount of glass microballoons for simulating
Porous media.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, inlet, the bottom of the reaction kettle is arranged in the top of the reaction kettle
Setting extraction mouth.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the front and rear sides of the reaction kettle top half opens up strip respectively
Visual window, the top of the visual window is close to the top of the reaction kettle.Visual window is made of sapphire material, and the material is resistance to
It is high temperature, high pressure resistant, it can guarantee entirely to test and carried out in the environment of high temperature and pressure, it is ensured that experiment condition more meets practical feelings
Condition, experimental results are more true and reliable.Simultaneously to guarantee experiment safety and saving cost, visual window made of sapphire is set
It is calculated as strip.The size design of visual window should be under the premise of ensuring at the top of it as close as possible at the top of reaction kettle according to reaction kettle
Size depending on.Former and later two strip visual windows should be symmetrical arranged, and light source is irradiated by the visual window at rear into reaction kettle,
Utilize the formational situation and scale form of the visual window observation artificial gas cap in front.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the arranged on left and right sides of the reaction kettle top half opens up at least six respectively
A sample tap being spaced substantially equidistant.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the left side sample tap of the reaction kettle top half and right side sample oral sex
Mistake arrangement.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, injection string, the top of the injection string are set inside the reaction kettle
End is connect with inlet, and the bottom end of the injection string is located at the center of reaction kettle.Injection string is set for simulating note
Enter pit shaft.Injection string is made of high temperature resistant, high voltage bearing stainless steel tube.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the left side sample tap and the right side sample tap are inserted into probe tube respectively
One end of column, the sampling tubing string is located inside reaction kettle, and the other end is located at outside reaction kettle.Tubing string is sampled by high temperature resistant, resistance to
The stainless steel tube of high pressure is made.Depth inside the distance between adjacent samples mouth and sampling tubing string intercalation reaction kettle is by required
Measurement accuracy, depending on the size of measurement range and reaction kettle.
One end that sampling tubing string is located at outside reaction kettle is connect with sampling analytical system.Each sampling tubing string can respectively with
One sampling analytical system connection, can also share a sampling analytical system.If sharing a sampling analytical system, need to survey
When measuring the gas-oil ratio and gas composition of fluid at some sampling tubing string position, just by the connecting pipeline of sampling analytical system and opening
End connection.
It is preferably in any of the above-described scheme, the sampling tubing string is located at one end inside reaction kettle and opens up fluid entrance
Strainer is arranged at the fluid-entering aperture for hole.Setting strainer is for preventing from avoiding in glass microballoon incoming fluid access aperture
Fluid-entering aperture blockage phenomenon, it is ensured that experiment goes on smoothly more acurrate with experimental results.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the injected system passes through valve with the inlet at the top of the reaction kettle
IV connection.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the injected system include displacement pump, intermediate receptacle I, intermediate receptacle II,
Intermediate receptacle III, pressure gauge I and back-pressure valve I.Displacement pump provides power for injected system, while providing hyperbaric environment for experiment；
Formation oil, water and nitrogen are respectively provided in intermediate receptacle I, intermediate receptacle II and intermediate receptacle III；Pressure gauge I and back-pressure valve I are used
In the injection pressure of control injected system.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the intermediate receptacle I, intermediate receptacle II and intermediate receptacle III are connected in parallel on institute
It states between displacement pump and the pressure gauge I and back-pressure valve I.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the bottom point of the intermediate receptacle I, intermediate receptacle II and intermediate receptacle III
It She Zhi not valve I, valve II and valve III.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the sampling of the sampling analytical system and the reaction kettle arranged on left and right sides
Tubing string is located at one end outside reaction kettle and is connected by valve V.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the sampling analytical system and the extraction mouth of the reactor bottom pass through
Valve V connects.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the sampling analytical system includes gas-liquid separator, electronic balance, gas
Flowmeter and chromatograph.Utilize gas flowmeter, gas-liquid separator and electronic balance quantitative analysis measured sample tubing string position
Set the gas-oil ratio of place's fluid；Gas composition is analyzed using chromatograph, determines the source of obtained gas.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the gas-liquid separator, gas flowmeter and chromatograph successively connect
It connects, the gas-liquid separator is placed on the electronic balance.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, between the gas-liquid separator and the valve V be arranged pressure gauge II and
Pressure gauge III is arranged in back-pressure valve II between the gas flowmeter and the chromatograph.Pressure gauge II and back-pressure valve II are used
In the pressure for controlling fluid flow into sampling analytical system.
Experimental method for monitoring artificial gas cap formation of the invention has the following beneficial effects: that (1) is capable of providing people
The actual environment that work pneumatic jack is formed, i.e. high temperature and high pressure environment；(2) artificial gas under high temperature and high pressure environment can be observed by visual window
Push up the substantially process and scale form formed, while being capable of fluid at the sampling tubing string of different location in quantitative analysis reaction kettle
Gas-oil ratio and gas composition, to determine the source of obtained gas；It (3) can be to related artificial gas cap by the experimental method
Various development schemes carry out simulated experiment and effect assessment；(4) the experimental method simple process, it is easy to operate, have complete
Operability and popularization finally solve the problems, such as that resolving block oil reservoir ultra-high water cut stage remaining oil is difficult to employ, and obtain greatly
Social benefit and economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is according to the invention for monitoring the technique stream of a preferred embodiment of the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 2 is according to the invention for monitoring being used for for the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 of the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation
Monitor the structural schematic diagram for the experimental provision that artificial gas cap is formed；
Fig. 3 is according to the invention for monitoring the experiment of the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 of the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation
The structural schematic diagram of tubing string is sampled in device；
Fig. 4 is according to the invention for monitoring the experiment of the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 of the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation
The structural schematic diagram of injected system in device；
Fig. 5 is according to the invention for monitoring the experiment of the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 of the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation
The structural schematic diagram of sampling analytical system in device.
Explanation is marked in figure:
1- rotating device, 2- injected system, 3- sampling analytical system, 4- reaction kettle, 5- constant temperature heating device, 6- fastening dress
It setting, 7- glass microballoon, 8- inlet, 9- extraction mouth, 10- visual window, 11- sample tap, 12- injection string, 13- samples tubing string,
14- fluid-entering aperture, 15- strainer, 16- valve IV；
21- displacement pump, 22- intermediate receptacle I, 23- intermediate receptacle II, 24- intermediate receptacle III, 25- pressure gauge I, 26- back pressure
Valve I, 27- valve I, 28- valve II, 29- valve III；
31- valve V, 32- gas-liquid separator, 33- electronic balance, 34- gas flowmeter, 35- chromatograph, 36- pressure
Power table II, 37- back-pressure valve II, 38- pressure gauge III.
Specific embodiment
In order to be further understood that summary of the invention of the invention, the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, it is according to the invention for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, according to sequencing packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: it is pre-charged with glass microballoon in reaction kettle and vacuumizes, while the leakproofness of checking experiment device is simultaneously
Set experimental temperature；
Step 2: the valve of inlet at the top of the valve and reaction kettle of the intermediate receptacle equipped with water is opened, is pumped by displacement
Water is injected into reaction kettle, until saturation, is then shut off the valve of the intermediate receptacle and the valve of inlet；
Step 3: the valve of the intermediate receptacle equipped with formation oil, the valve and reaction kettle of reaction kettle top inlet are opened
Bottom produces the valve of mouth, and the back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth is adjusted to close, is passed through
Displacement, which is pumped, injects simulated formation oil into reaction kettle, until the moisture content of extraction mouth outflow simulated formation oil is down to 1% hereinafter, so
The valve of the intermediate receptacle, the valve of inlet and the valve for producing mouth are closed afterwards；
Step 4: the valve of the intermediate receptacle equipped with nitrogen, the valve and reaction kettle bottom of reaction kettle top inlet are opened
Portion produces the valve of mouth, and the back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth is adjusted to close, passes through drive
Nitrogen is injected into reaction kettle with certain flow and constant pressure for pump, coutroi velocity stabilized hydrocarbon interface prevents downward has channeling,
Until forming preliminary artificial gas cap, the valve of extraction mouth is closed；Continue to inject into reaction kettle simultaneously nitrogen to certain volume or
Pressure, nitrogen converge to form final artificial gas cap under gravity difference effect with preliminary artificial gas cap, close the intermediate receptacle
Valve and inlet valve；
Step 5: the local process and scale shape that artificial gas cap is formed are observed by the visual window of reaction kettle front and rear sides
State, while the fluid of the sampling tubing string extraction corresponding position by reaction kettle arranged on left and right sides, and utilize and sample what tubing string was connect
The gas-oil ratio and gas component of sampling analytical system measurement corresponding position fluid；
Step 6: the quantitative analysis results of the image and reaction kettle different location fluid observed by visual window are common
Evaluate the formational situation of artificial gas cap.
In the step 1, the experimental temperature of setting is at least 80 DEG C, provides hot environment for experiment.
In the step 2, the relationship for measuring pressure difference and flow obtains its permeability, passes through water after saturated water
The ratio of volume and total volume obtains its porosity.
In the step 3, after the process that formation oil is injected into reaction kettle, each valve is closed, stands for 24 hours, makes to infuse
The formation oil and glass microballoon entered in reaction kettle forms stable state, and partial gas phase, oil phase component can be adsorbed on glass microballoon table
Face makes simulation system closer to true oil reservoir state by standing process.
In the step 4, after the process that nitrogen is injected into reaction kettle, each valve is closed, boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well 2-3h.
In the step 5, at the same obtain each sampling tubing string corresponding position fluid, and utilize simultaneously and each
The sampling analytical system for sampling tubing string connection carries out gas-oil ratio measurement and gas composition analysis, the gas of the different location finally obtained
Oil is more different than with the constituent of gas, so that it is determined that whether different sampling tubing string positions has gas phase, simultaneously
Determine that the gas phase is solution gas or injection gas.The comprehensive obtained related conclusions of different location, determine the distribution of artificial gas cap
Position, and determine with the image observed the formational situation of artificial gas cap jointly, and to the scale for being formed by artificial gas cap and
Form is described.
As shown in Fig. 2, the experimental method of the present embodiment using it is following for monitor artificial gas cap formation experimental provisions,
Including rotating device 1, reaction kettle 4, injected system 2 and sampling analytical system 3, the reaction kettle 4 is mounted on the rotating device 1
On, it further includes constant temperature heating device 5 that the injected system 2 and the sampling analytical system 3 are connect with the reaction kettle 4, described
Rotating device 1 and the reaction kettle 4 are placed in the constant temperature heating device 5.
Constant temperature heating device is used to provide hot environment for experiment.The portion that the rotating device 1 is contacted with the reaction kettle 4
Position setting clamp device 6, clamp device provide stable measuring condition for fixing reaction kettle, for experiment.In the reaction kettle 4
It fills and is compacted glass microballoon 7 in portion.Reaction kettle is made of high temperature resistant, high voltage bearing stainless steel material, the inner wall surface of reaction kettle
It is handled by feather plucking.It is pre-charged with inside reaction kettle and is compacted a large amount of glass microballoons for simulating porous media.
Inlet 8, bottom setting extraction mouth 9 is arranged in the top of the reaction kettle 4.Before 4 top half of reaction kettle,
Two sides open up strip visual window 10 respectively afterwards, and the top of visual window 10 is close to the top of reaction kettle 4.Visual window uses sapphire
Material is made, the material high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, can guarantee entirely to test and carries out in the environment of high temperature and pressure, it is ensured that experiment
Condition more tallies with the actual situation, and experimental results are more true and reliable.The size design of visual window should ensure at the top of it as far as possible
Under the premise of at the top of reaction kettle depending on the size of reaction kettle.Former and later two strip visual windows should be symmetrical arranged, light
Source is irradiated by the visual window at rear into reaction kettle, and the formational situation and scale shape of the visual window observation artificial gas cap in front are utilized
State.The arranged on left and right sides of 4 top half of reaction kettle opens up six sample taps being spaced substantially equidistant 11, left side sample tap respectively
11 are staggered with right side sample tap 11.Injection string 12, the top of injection string 12 and injection are set inside the reaction kettle 4
Mouth 8 connects, and bottom end is located at the center of reaction kettle 4.Injection string is set and is used for simulated injection pit shaft, by high temperature resistant, resistance to height
The stainless steel tube of pressure is made.
The left side sample tap 11 and the right side sample tap 11 are inserted into sampling tubing string 13 respectively, sample one end of tubing string 13
Inside reaction kettle 4, the other end is located at outside reaction kettle 4.Sampling tubing string is made of high temperature resistant, high voltage bearing stainless steel tube.
Depth inside the distance between adjacent samples mouth and sampling tubing string intercalation reaction kettle is by required measurement accuracy, measurement range
Depending on the size of reaction kettle.One end that sampling tubing string 13 is located at outside reaction kettle 4 is connect with sampling analytical system 3.This implementation
Each sampling tubing string 13 of example is connect with a sampling analytical system 3 respectively.
As shown in figure 3, the sampling tubing string 13, which is located at one end inside reaction kettle 4, opens up fluid-entering aperture 14, fluid into
Enter setting strainer 15 at hole 14.Setting strainer avoids fluid entrance for preventing in glass microballoon incoming fluid access aperture
Hole blockage phenomenon.
The injected system 2 is connect with the inlet 8 at 4 top of reaction kettle by valve IV 16.As shown in figure 4, institute
Stating injected system 2 includes displacement pump 21, intermediate receptacle I 22, intermediate receptacle II 23, intermediate receptacle III 24, pressure gauge I 25 and back pressure
Valve I 26.Displacement pump provides power for injected system, while providing hyperbaric environment for experiment；Intermediate receptacle I, II and of intermediate receptacle
Formation oil, water and nitrogen are respectively provided in intermediate receptacle III；Pressure gauge I and back-pressure valve I are used to control the injection pressure of injected system
Power.
The intermediate receptacle I 22, intermediate receptacle II 23 and intermediate receptacle III 24 are connected in parallel on the displacement pump 21 and the pressure
Between power table I 25 and back-pressure valve I 26.The bottom of the intermediate receptacle I 22, intermediate receptacle II 23 and intermediate receptacle III 24 is set respectively
Set valve I 27, valve II 28 and valve III 29.
The sampling analytical system 3 and the sampling tubing string 13 of 4 arranged on left and right sides of reaction kettle are located at outside reaction kettle 4
One end is connected by valve V 31.The sampling analytical system 3 and the extraction mouth 9 of 4 bottom of reaction kettle pass through valve V 31
Connection.As shown in figure 5, the sampling analytical system 3 includes gas-liquid separator 32, electronic balance 33, gas flowmeter 34 and color
Spectrum analysis instrument 35.Utilize fluid at gas flowmeter, gas-liquid separator and electronic balance quantitative analysis measured sample tubing string position
Gas-oil ratio；Gas composition is analyzed using chromatograph, determines the source of obtained gas.
The gas-liquid separator 32, gas flowmeter 34 and chromatograph 35 are sequentially connected, the gas-liquid separator 32
It is placed on the electronic balance 33.Pressure gauge II 36 and back pressure are set between the gas-liquid separator 32 and the valve V 31
Pressure gauge III 38 is arranged in valve II 37 between the gas flowmeter 34 and the chromatograph 35.Pressure gauge II and back-pressure valve
II for controlling fluid flow into the pressure of sampling analytical system.
The experimental method for being used to monitor artificial gas cap formation and device of the present embodiment have the following beneficial effects: (1) energy
The actual environment that artificial gas cap is formed, i.e. high temperature and high pressure environment are enough provided；(2) high temperature and high pressure environment can be observed by visual window
The substantially process and scale form that lower artificial gas cap is formed, at the same can in quantitative analysis reaction kettle different location sampling tubing string
Locate the gas-oil ratio and gas composition of fluid, to determine the source of obtained gas；It (3) can be right by the experimental provision and method
Various development schemes in relation to artificial gas cap carry out simulated experiment and effect assessment；(4) experimental provision and method are simple and convenient,
With complete operability and popularization, finally solve the problems, such as that resolving block oil reservoir ultra-high water cut stage remaining oil is difficult to employ,
Obtain great Social benefit and economic benefit.
Embodiment two:
Another embodiment of the experimental method according to the invention for being used to monitor artificial gas cap formation, process flow, original
Reason and beneficial effect etc. are basically the same as the first embodiment, unlike: it is pre-charged with glass microballoon in reaction kettle and takes out true
After sky, reaction kettle need to be rotated to the position with a vertical 30o angle by adjusting rotating device.
The experimental method of the present embodiment use for monitoring the experimental provision of artificial gas cap formation, it is principle, structure, each
Connection relationship and beneficial effect between component etc. are basically the same as the first embodiment, unlike: by adjusting rotating device
Rotate reaction kettle, with a vertical 30o angle.
Embodiment three:
Another embodiment of the experimental method according to the invention for being used to monitor artificial gas cap formation, process flow, original
Reason and beneficial effect etc. are basically the same as the first embodiment, unlike: in the step 5, only utilize a sampling analysis system
System carries out gas-oil ratio measurement and gas composition analysis according to fluid of the sequencing to different sampling tubing string corresponding positions.
The experimental method of the present embodiment use for monitoring the experimental provision of artificial gas cap formation, it is principle, structure, each
Connection relationship and beneficial effect between component etc. are basically the same as the first embodiment, unlike: each sampling tubing string is total
It will be taken with a sampling analytical system when needing to measure the gas-oil ratio and gas composition of fluid at some sampling tubing string position
The connecting pipeline of sample analysis system is connect with open end.
Example IV:
Another embodiment of the experimental method according to the invention for being used to monitor artificial gas cap formation, process flow, original
Reason and beneficial effect etc. are essentially identical with embodiment two, unlike: in the step 5, only utilize a sampling analysis system
System carries out gas-oil ratio measurement and gas composition analysis according to fluid of the sequencing to different sampling tubing string corresponding positions.
The experimental method of the present embodiment use for monitoring the experimental provision of artificial gas cap formation, it is principle, structure, each
Connection relationship and beneficial effect between component etc. are essentially identical with embodiment two, unlike: each sampling tubing string is total
It will be taken with a sampling analytical system when needing to measure the gas-oil ratio and gas composition of fluid at some sampling tubing string position
The connecting pipeline of sample analysis system is connect with open end.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the experimental method for monitoring artificial gas cap formation of the invention includes above-mentioned
Any combination of each section shown by the summary of the invention and specific embodiment part and attached drawing of description of the invention, is limited to
Length simultaneously describes for each scheme for keeping specification concise without constituting these combinations one by one.It is all in spirit and original of the invention
Within then, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. it is a kind of for monitor artificial gas cap formation experimental method, according to sequencing the following steps are included:
Step 1: it is pre-charged with glass microballoon in reaction kettle and vacuumizes, while the leakproofness of checking experiment device and setting
Experimental temperature；
Step 2: the valve of inlet at the top of the valve and reaction kettle of the intermediate receptacle equipped with water is opened, is pumped by displacement to anti-
It answers and injects water in kettle, until saturation, is then shut off the valve of the intermediate receptacle and the valve of inlet；
Step 3: the valve of the intermediate receptacle equipped with formation oil, the valve and reactor bottom of reaction kettle top inlet are opened
The valve for producing mouth, is adjusted to close for the back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth, passes through displacement
It pumps and injects simulated formation oil into reaction kettle, until the moisture content of extraction mouth outflow simulated formation oil is down to 1% hereinafter, then closing
Close the valve of the intermediate receptacle, the valve of inlet and the valve for producing mouth；
Step 4: the valve of the intermediate receptacle equipped with nitrogen, the valve of reaction kettle top inlet and reactor bottom are opened and is adopted
The back pressure numerical value for the back-pressure valve for producing the back-pressure valve and injected system of mouth is adjusted to close, is pumped by displacement by the valve of outlet
Nitrogen is injected into reaction kettle with certain flow and constant pressure, coutroi velocity stabilized hydrocarbon interface prevents downward has channeling, until
Preliminary artificial gas cap is formed, the valve of extraction mouth is closed；Continue to inject nitrogen simultaneously into reaction kettle to certain volume or pressure,
Nitrogen converges to form final artificial gas cap under gravity difference effect with preliminary artificial gas cap, closes the valve of the intermediate receptacle
With the valve of inlet；
Step 5: the local process and scale form that artificial gas cap is formed are observed by the visual window of reaction kettle front and rear sides, together
When extract the fluid of corresponding position by the sampling tubing string of reaction kettle arranged on left and right sides, and using with the sampling that connect of sampling tubing string
The gas-oil ratio and gas component of analysis system measurement corresponding position fluid；
Step 6: the quantitative analysis results of the image and reaction kettle different location fluid observed by visual window are evaluated jointly
The formational situation of artificial gas cap；
The experimental provision includes rotating device, reaction kettle, injected system, sampling analytical system and constant temperature heating device, described
Reaction kettle is mounted on the rotating device, and the injected system and the sampling analytical system are connect with the reaction kettle, institute
It states rotating device and the reaction kettle is placed in the constant temperature heating device；Inlet, bottom is arranged in the top of the reaction kettle
Portion's setting extraction mouth；The front and rear sides of the reaction kettle top half opens up strip visual window, the top of the visual window respectively
Portion is close to the top of the reaction kettle；The arranged on left and right sides of the reaction kettle top half opens up at least six equidistant rows respectively
The sample tap of column, left side sample tap are staggered with right side sample tap；The left side sample tap and right side sample tap difference
One end of insertion sampling tubing string, the sampling tubing string is located inside reaction kettle, and the other end is located at outside reaction kettle；The reaction kettle
Inside setting injection string, the top of the injection string are connect with inlet, and the bottom end of the injection string is located at reaction kettle
Center.
2. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the step 1
In, the experimental temperature set is 80-100 DEG C.
3. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the step 3
In, after the process that formation oil is injected into reaction kettle, each valve is closed, is stood for 24 hours.
4. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the step 4
In, after the process that nitrogen is injected into reaction kettle, each valve is closed, boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well 2-3h.
5. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the rotating device
The position setting clamp device contacted with the reaction kettle.
6. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: in the reaction kettle
It fills and is compacted glass microballoon in portion.
7. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the sampling tubing string
One end inside reaction kettle opens up fluid-entering aperture, and strainer is arranged at the fluid-entering aperture.
8. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the injected system
It is connect with the inlet at the top of the reaction kettle by valve IV.
9. as claimed in claim 8 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the injected system
Including displacement pump, intermediate receptacle I, intermediate receptacle II, intermediate receptacle III, pressure gauge I and back-pressure valve I.
10. as claimed in claim 9 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the intermediate appearance
Device I, intermediate receptacle II and intermediate receptacle III are connected in parallel between the displacement pump and the pressure gauge I and back-pressure valve I.
11. as claimed in claim 9 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the intermediate appearance
Valve I, valve II and valve III is respectively set in the bottom of device I, intermediate receptacle II and intermediate receptacle III.
12. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the sampling point
Analysis system is located at one end outside reaction kettle with the sampling tubing string of the reaction kettle arranged on left and right sides and is connect by valve V.
13. as described in claim 1 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the sampling point
Analysis system is connect with the extraction mouth of the reactor bottom by valve V.
14. as described in claim 12 or 13 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: described to take
Sample analysis system includes gas-liquid separator, electronic balance, gas flowmeter and chromatograph.
15. as claimed in claim 14 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the gas-liquid point
It is sequentially connected from device, gas flowmeter and chromatograph, the gas-liquid separator is placed on the electronic balance.
16. as claimed in claim 15 for monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation, it is characterised in that: the gas-liquid point
From setting pressure gauge II and back-pressure valve II between device and the valve V, between the gas flowmeter and the chromatograph
Pressure gauge III is set.
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| CN201610055315.5A CN105525912B (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | For monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation |
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| CN201610055315.5A CN105525912B (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | For monitoring the experimental method of artificial gas cap formation |
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| FR2810736B1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-09-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD FOR EVALUATING PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF A SUBTERRANEAN DEPOSIT FROM ROCK DEBRIS COLLECTED THEREIN |
| CN102654046B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2015-07-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Top air injection gravity assisted flooding oil extraction two-dimensional physical simulation experiment system |
| CN102720479B (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2015-12-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Physical simulation device for gas-cap oil reservoir |
| CN104727788A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-24 | 西南石油大学 | Three-dimensional single-well gas injection oil replacement simulation experiment device for fracture-cavity reservoir |
| CN105221122B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2018-08-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Simulate the visual experimental apparatus and method of fractured-cavernous carbonate reservoir gas injection |
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