CN105529748B - A kind of automatic power generation control method suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic power generation control system and method suitable for dynamic simulation of a power system. The system includes an AGC module on the grid side, an AGC module on the power plant side, and an AGC module on the unit side. The AGC module on the grid side can realize AGC constant frequency control, Various control methods such as constant tie line power control, tie line and frequency deviation control, and a combination of various control methods between regional power grids. At the same time, two control performance evaluation standards, A standard and CPS standard, of automatic power generation control are realized. According to the total regulation power of the area, it is divided into different control areas, and respective control parameters are adopted in each area. The AGC module on the power plant side can distribute and regulate power among the various units of the power plant according to the principles of economy and safety. The AGC module on the unit side can set the target power of the unit according to the output limit and output speed change limit of the unit, and arrange the power to the governor and the coordinated control system.

Description

An automatic generation control method suitable for power system dynamic simulation

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of power systems, in particular to an automatic power generation control system and method suitable for dynamic simulation of power systems.

Background technique

The Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system belongs to the category of secondary frequency regulation of the power system. A power grid closed-loop control method for the control target. In the regional AC-DC hybrid power grid, the automatic generation control system uses the regional power grid as the control unit, and the AGC system of each regional power grid controls the output of the power plants and units in the region. Its tasks can be summarized into the following three items:

(1) Maintain the system frequency at the rated value. Under normal steady-state operating conditions, the allowable frequency deviation is between plus and minus (0.05-0.2) Hz, depending on the size of the system capacity.

(2) Control the switching power on the connection line between the local area and other areas to be the value stipulated in the agreement.

(3) Implement economic dispatch control (Economic Dispatch Control, EDC) on the power generation under the condition of satisfying the system security constraints.

With the rapid development of my country's electric power industry, the interconnection of regional power grids is inevitable. Therefore, it is a very realistic task to study and explore the AGC control strategy and technology of the regional interconnection system to ensure the frequency quality of the power grid.

According to the network-province dispatching operation mode of "unified dispatching and hierarchical management" of my country's power grid, network dispatching is the commander and responsible person for system peak regulation and frequency regulation. Generally speaking, the directly-regulated power plants for grid adjustment are the main large power plants distributed in various provinces, with good frequency adjustment capabilities, and generally no-load areas in the grid adjustment control area. According to this feature, with the development of interconnected power grid construction and the improvement of control requirements, the regional power grids have actively used AGC for automatic control of the power grid, optimizing the operation quality of the power grid, and reducing the work pressure of dispatchers.

The operation of the power grid requires the continuity of the links of generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization. A large number of tests in the actual power grid not only consume manpower and material resources, but also threaten the safety of the power grid operation. Therefore, in order to study the influence of the strategy and control characteristics of the automatic generation control system on the power grid during normal operation and after a fault, it is an important means to analyze the power system time domain simulation method.

In the dynamic simulation of the whole process of the power system, AGC can conduct the following research on the large-scale regional power grid with AC and DC hybrid connection:

(1) To study the ability of the power grid to regulate the frequency and the power of regional tie lines in the case of random load changes in daily operation.

(2) Study the regulation characteristics of AGC under the condition of short-circuit fault in AC system and cut-off and load-shedding, and study and verify the AGC control strategy.

(3) Study the regulation characteristics of AGC and the coordination strategy of AGC and FLC (Frequency Limit Control) after the occurrence of unipolar and bipolar blocking in DC.

(4) Study the influence of primary frequency regulation, secondary frequency regulation reserve capacity and reserve distribution on the effect of power grid secondary frequency regulation.

(5) Study the influence of key parameters of the AGC system (such as B coefficient, dead zone, gain coefficient, etc.) on the secondary frequency modulation of the system; the B coefficient is the natural frequency corresponding coefficient of the power grid (BXISHU).

Among the existing time-domain simulation software, transient stability calculation programs such as power system analysis software package (PSD-BPA) and power system analysis software package (PSASP) are suitable for calculating second-level dynamic processes. There are restrictions on the simulation speed and accuracy of the minute and hour-level process design of the adjustment process of the AGC system; the whole process dynamic simulation program has the ability to simulate with variable step size, which can meet the needs of AGC research in terms of simulation speed and model completeness . In the existing dynamic simulation program of the whole process, there is already a model of the AGC system, but there are limitations in structure and function, and it cannot be well adapted to the AGC system actually used in the power system, especially the AGC system based on OPEN3000.

Therefore, with the wide application of automatic generation control system in the production and operation of power system, the structure and function of AGC system have also made great progress. Matching automatic power generation control system.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to combine the structure of the AGC system and the characteristics of the power system dynamic simulation program, on the basis of the original work of the whole process dynamic simulation program, to propose an automatic generation control system suitable for power system dynamic simulation The system and method are used to better match the AGC system of the actual power system in terms of structure and function, and to more accurately simulate the adjustment characteristics of the AGC system in the normal operation of the power grid and after receiving a disturbance.

(2) Technical solution

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic power generation control system suitable for dynamic simulation of power systems, the automatic power generation control system includes an AGC module on the grid side, an AGC module on the power plant side and an AGC module on the unit side, wherein:

The AGC module on the grid side is used to collect and calculate the frequency of the regional power grid and the exchange power of the regional tie line, calculate the regional total regulation power and regional control deviation power, and select different control strategies according to the regional total regulation power, and calculate and distribute the regional AGC The expected power for AGC adjustment undertaken by each power plant or unit, and sent to the AGC module of the power plant side and the AGC module of the unit;

The AGC module on the power plant side is used to receive the expected power for AGC adjustment sent by the AGC module on the grid side, and distribute the expected power to each unit in the power plant according to the economic and security strategies of the load distribution of each unit in the power plant, and Issued to the unit-side AGC module of each unit;

The AGC module on the unit side is used to receive the AGC expected power sent by the AGC module on the grid side or the AGC module on the power plant side. governor.

In the above solution, the grid-side AGC module includes a filter module, a regional control deviation calculation module, a regional total regulated power calculation module, a dynamic dead zone module, an AGC grid-side control strategy selection module, and a grid-side AGC controller, wherein:

The filter module is used to filter the high-frequency components of the external input grid frequency and tie line power, and output the filtered grid frequency and tie line power to the regional control deviation calculation module;

The area control deviation calculation module is used to calculate the area control deviation (ACE) value according to the received filtered grid frequency and tie line power, and output it to the AGC controller on the grid side, and calculate the filtered grid frequency, tie line power and ACE The values are output to the regional total adjustment power calculation module;

The regional total regulated power calculation module is used to calculate the regional total regulated power P _R by using the received ACE value, grid frequency and tie line power, and output it to the dynamic dead zone module;

The dynamic dead zone module is used to judge the dead zone according to the regional total regulated power at the current moment and the previous moment, and input the regional total regulated power P _R corrected by the dead zone link to the AGC network side control strategy selection module;

The AGC grid-side control strategy selection module is used to evaluate the CPS standard (control performance standard) according to the revised regional total regulated power P _R , and judge the controller control area where the AGC is located, and set the control area of the current AGC controller to The command is sent to the grid-side AGC controller;

The grid-side AGC controller is used to process the ACE value received from the area control deviation calculation module according to the current control area command, output the total expected regulated power of all units in the grid, and distribute it to the corresponding power plant-side AGC module and unit-side AGC module.

In the above scheme, the calculation module of the total regional regulation power calculation module calculates the total regional regulation power P _R using the following formula:

Among them, P _P is the proportional component in the adjustment power, P _I is the integral component in the adjustment power, P _CPS is the CPS component in the adjustment power; G _P is the proportional gain coefficient, and the value is slightly greater than 1 under the A control strategy, To ensure that ACE crosses zero, it can be directly taken as 1 under the CPS control strategy; EA _CE is the ACE value; G _I is the integral gain coefficient; I _ACE is the accumulated ACE integral value in the current assessment period, unit MWh; G _CPS is the frequency gain coefficient , the unit is MW/0.1Hz; ΔF is the frequency deviation, the unit is Hz.

In the above solution, the power plant side AGC module includes a reserve capacity and power deviation calculation module, a desired power distribution strategy selection module and a desired power distribution module, wherein:

The reserve capacity and power deviation calculation module is used to collect the reserve capacity of each unit and the previous unallocated power, calculate the total reserve capacity and the total unallocated power, and output them to the expected power allocation strategy selection module and the expected power allocation module;

The expected power distribution strategy selection module is used to select the desired power distribution strategy between the units according to the current unit output and the set unit power distribution principle, and the power distribution controller can distribute it;

The expected power distribution module is used to distribute the total expected power of the power plant among the units, and send the expected power of each unit to the AGC control module on the side of each unit.

In the above solution, the AGC module on the unit side includes a command issuing control module, a unit power upper and lower limiting module, a unit power rate change limiting module and a unit adjusting power mode controller, wherein:

The command issuing control module is used to calculate the deviation between the expected power of the unit and the actual processing according to the mechanical power and expected power of the unit. If the deviation is less than the preset threshold, the expected power will not be issued within the control cycle; if it is greater than the threshold, then Send the expected power to the unit power upper and lower limit module;

The unit power upper and lower limiting module is used to limit the expected power so that the expected power does not exceed the upper and lower limits of the unit's mechanical power output;

The unit power rate change limiting module is used to limit the rate of expected power change. If the change in expected power exceeds the maximum allowable change in expected power in this cycle, limit the expected power to the allowable maximum change;

The unit regulating power mode controller is used to convert the expected power into the target command power of the unit CCS system or governor according to the expected power commitment logic set by the current unit, and send it to the CCS system or governor.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention also provides an automatic power generation control method suitable for power system dynamic simulation, which is applied to the automatic power generation control system, and the method includes:

Step 1: First, the automatic power generation control system is divided into the following three parts according to the structure and function: grid side AGC module, power plant side AGC module and unit side AGC module;

Step 2: Judging whether the simulation time has reached the start time set by the automatic power generation control system, if it is reached, proceed to step 3; if not, wait for the next cycle before processing;

Step 3: During the simulation process, the AGC module on the grid side of the automatic generation control system judges the frequency f of the grid side where the AGC is located and the exchange power P of the inter-regional tie line according to the control mode after each sampling period;

Step 4: Determine whether the automatic generation control system meets the suspension conditions. If the deviation Δf between the frequency of the regional power grid where the automatic generation control system is located and the rated frequency is greater than the threshold for AGC suspension, or the deviation between the exchanged power of the inter-regional tie line and the planned power is greater than The threshold value of AGC suspend, the automatic generation control system is suspended, enters the suspended state, returns to step 2 and waits for the next instruction cycle to process; if the suspension condition is not met, proceed to step 5; if the automatic generation control system is already in suspension If it is judged that the automatic power generation control system does not meet the suspend condition at the current moment, it will be transferred from the suspended state to the running state;

Step 5: Calculate the total regional regulation power, P _R =P _P +P _I +P _CPS ;

Step 6: Send the collected frequency and power signals and the calculated values of ACE and P _R to the AGC grid-side control strategy selection module in the grid-side AGC module for processing, and judge whether the current AGC system meets the regional control performance evaluation index requirements, and adjust the mode and strategy of the control system accordingly;

Step 7: The grid-side AGC controller in the grid-side AGC module calculates the total expected power adjustment amount of the regional grid according to the regional total regulated power _PR ;

Step 8: Calculate the number and rated capacity of the power plants and units participating in the secondary frequency regulation in the grid-side AGC module, and distribute the total expected power adjustment of the regional power grid to the power plant-side AGC module and the unit-side AGC module according to the weight factor;

Step 9: The AGC module on the power plant side adopts a certain distribution principle to realize the distribution of adjustments among the units belonging to the power plant;

Step 10: Calculate the maximum change of the target power of the unit in this period according to the upper and lower limits of the power of the unit and the limit of the rate of change of the unit power. If the target power exceeds the maximum change, limit the target power to a given maximum value. If it does not exceed If the maximum variation is reached, proceed to step 11;

Step 11: Transmitting the unit target power signal after output limitation to the unit coordination control system or governor;

Step 12: Return to Step 2 for the next sampling.

In the above scheme, the regional power deviation dead zone is calculated using the dynamic dead zone. When the adjusted power is in the static dead zone, the dynamic dead zone is located at the lower limit threshold _PE of the emergency regulation zone; when the adjusted power exceeds the static dead zone, the dynamic dead zone is given by The fixed time constant T changes to the threshold _PD of the static dead zone, and finally stays on _PD ; once the adjusted power returns to the static dead zone, no matter where the dynamic dead zone is located, it immediately returns to _PE .

In the above scheme, the automatic generation control system is started after the set simulation input time; for each automatic generation control system, it is set at the time when the automatic generation control is put into operation after the simulation starts, and before that, the automatic generation control is in suspension up state.

In the above scheme, the control mode of the automatic generation control system has the logic of automatic switching: the control mode of the automatic generation control system has constant frequency control (FFC), constant tie line power control (FTC) and tie line and frequency deviation control (TBC) , after the frequency deviation or tie-line power deviation of the automatic generation control system reaches the set value, it will switch from one control mode to another according to logic.

In the above scheme, for different control areas, the PID controller of the automatic power generation control master station adopts different PID control parameters; according to the value of the total regulated power P _R in the area from small to large, the control area of automatic power generation control is divided into dead zone, normal Zone, sub-emergency zone, and emergency zone. In each control zone, the PID controller of the automatic power generation control master station adopts different PID control parameters.

In the above scheme, for the same set of simulation data, multiple sets of automatic power generation control systems can be established, and the automatic power generation control systems are independent of each other: by filling in the data of multiple sets of automatic power generation control systems, multiple sets of independent automatic power generation control systems can be established, Each automatic generation control system is distinguished by the automatic generation control name identification.

In the above scheme, the automatic power generation control system has a plant-level AGC control model, and the power command issued by the grid-side AGC module is directly issued to the power plant-side AGC module, or directly issued to the unit-side AGC module, wherein: the power plant-side AGC module The target power of each unit in the power plant is distributed according to the principle of economy and safety; after filling in the corresponding power plant parameters in the AGC module of the power plant side, the AGC target power of the grid side is sent to the AGC controller of the power plant side; After the unit parameters, the AGC target power on the grid side is sent to the AGC controller on the unit side; when the parameters are filled in both the AGC module on the unit side and the AGC module on the power plant side, the AGC target power on the grid side is sent to the AGC controller on the power plant side.

(3) Beneficial effects

The automatic power generation control system and method suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention can better match the AGC system of the actual power system in terms of structure and function, and can more accurately simulate the normal operation and collection of the AGC system in the power grid. To the adjustment characteristics after the disturbance, specifically the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The automatic power generation control system includes a three-level AGC model on the grid side, power plant side, and unit side;

2. The power grid side can realize various control methods such as constant frequency control (FFC) of AGC, constant tie line power control (FTC), tie line and frequency deviation control (TBC), and the combination of various control methods between regional power grids . At the same time, two control performance evaluation standards, A standard and CPS standard, of automatic power generation control are realized. According to the total regulation power of the area, it is divided into different control areas, and its own control parameters are adopted in each area;

3. The power plant side model can distribute and regulate power among the various units of the power plant according to the principles of economy and safety;

4. The model on the unit side can set the target power of the unit according to the output limit and output speed change limit of the unit, and arrange the power to the governor and the coordinated control system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of AGC control area division provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of calculating the dynamic dead zone of the adjusted power provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic power generation control system suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an AGC module at the grid side in the automatic generation control system shown in FIG. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an AGC module at the power plant side in the automatic generation control system shown in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an AGC module at the unit side in the automatic generation control system shown in Fig. 3 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention combines the structure of the AGC system and the characteristics of the dynamic simulation program of the power system, and proposes an automatic power generation control system and method suitable for dynamic simulation of the power system on the basis of the original work of the whole process dynamic simulation program. The realization principle of the present invention will be firstly introduced below.

(1) Execution of instruction cycle:

In the actual operation of the AGC system, at the execution time of each command cycle set by the system, the AGC data processing module collects the frequency and exchange power of the regional power grid from the data acquisition and monitoring control system (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, SCADA), etc. The signal is sent to the AGC system for processing. In the process of power system time-domain dynamic simulation calculation, the simulation program performs single-step calculation and solution according to a certain step size, and the time of single-step calculation does not necessarily coincide with the calculation time of AGC instruction cycle. Therefore, an event processing mechanism is added to the simulation program, and a single solution calculation is performed at the execution time of the AGC instruction cycle, and the strategy processing and instruction issuance of the AGC system at the current moment are carried out.

(2) Calculation of the total regional regulation power

In the automatic generation control system suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention, regional total regulated power P _R is used instead of regional control deviation (ACE) as a characterization of regional AGC control unbalance. The total adjusted power of the area adopts the following calculation method:

Among them, P _P is the proportional component in the regulated power, _PI is the integral component in the regulated power, and P _CPS is the CPS component in the regulated power. G _P is the proportional gain coefficient, which is slightly greater than 1 under the A control strategy to ensure that ACE crosses zero, and can be directly taken as 1 under the CPS control strategy; E _ACE is the value of ACE; G _I is the integral gain coefficient; I _ACE is the accumulated ACE integral value in the current assessment period, in MWh; G _CPS is the frequency gain coefficient, in MW/0.1Hz; ΔF is the frequency deviation, in Hz.

(3) AGC control area division

According to the size of the total regional regulation power P _R (not the regional control deviation ACE) and the given static threshold value, the control area is divided into:

·Dead Band

·Normal regulation area (NORMAL)

ASSISTANT EMERGENCY is also called emergency auxiliary adjustment area

·Emergency adjustment area (EMERGENCY)

In A1 and A2 control standards, ACE is the only target of AGC control, so the AGC control area can be divided directly according to the absolute value of ACE, and the result of dividing the AGC control area by _PR and ACE is also consistent. The CPS control strategy should consider two factors, ACE and frequency deviation ΔF, and these two factors are reflected in the total regional regulation power _PR , and the AGC control area should be divided according to the absolute value of _PR . The threshold values are represented by _PD , _PA , and _PE respectively, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the division of the AGC control area provided by the present invention. Except that P _R is in the dead zone, control commands are issued, and the control target is that P _R is zero.

(4) Calculation of dynamic dead zone for adjusting power

Since the adjustment target of P _R stays in the dead zone _PD , in order to avoid disturbance to the system caused by frequent changes of the regulated power near the threshold of the dead zone, a dynamic dead zone is used for the total regional regulated power. Only when the absolute value of the regulated power P _R When the value is greater than the dynamic dead zone, the AGC control command is issued. The change law of the dynamic dead zone is shown in FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of calculating the dynamic dead zone of the adjusted power provided by the present invention. In Fig. 2, when the regulated power is in the static dead zone, the dynamic dead zone is at the lower limit threshold _PE of the emergency regulation zone. When the adjusted power exceeds the static dead zone, the dynamic dead zone changes to the threshold _PD of the static dead zone with a given time constant T (generally 8 to 16 seconds), and finally stays on _PD . The value of the appropriate time constant T is very important. It indicates how long the dynamic dead zone will drop from PE _{to PD when} P _R suddenly increases. Once the regulated power returns to the static deadband, it immediately returns to _PE regardless of where the dynamic deadband is located.

(5) Calculation of A1/A2 standard indicators

In the automatic power generation control system suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention, the following method is used to calculate the A standard index:

A1: In each simulation cycle, judge whether the current AGC zero-crossing occurs, and count whether the zero-crossing moment occurs within 10 minutes before the AGC command cycle time. If it exists, the current A1 index is qualified. If it does not exist, A1 Metrics fail.

A2: Calculate the average value of ACE within 10 minutes before the current time in each simulation cycle, and judge whether the average value of ACE is within the range of ± LD at the time of the AGC instruction cycle. If it does not exceed this range, the A2 indicator is qualified , otherwise the A2 indicator is unqualified.

(6) Calculation of CPS standard indicators

In the automatic generation control system applicable to power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention, the following method is used to calculate the CPS standard index:

The requirements for qualified CPS indicators are shown in the formula:

AVG _period [ACE _AVE-min ×DF _AVE-min /(10B _i )]≤ε ₁ ²

In the formula: AVG _period [] is to calculate the average value of the values in the brackets. ACE _AVE-min is the average value of ACE in 1 minute; ΔF _AVE-min is the average value of _frequency deviation in one minute; B _i is the deviation coefficient in the control area; The control target value of the root.

Judge whether the above formula is true at the command cycle time of AGC, if it is true, the index of CPS is qualified; if it is not established, the index of CPS is unqualified.

(7) Output limit and output change rate limit of target power command on the unit side

When the expected power of the grid-side or power plant-side model is sent to the unit-side model, the unit-side model will limit the target power according to the current output of the unit:

If the current expected power exceeds the upper or lower limit of the output of the unit governor, keep the target power at the upper and lower limits of the output of the unit governor;

If the absolute value of the deviation between the current expected power and the actual mechanical power of the unit exceeds the maximum value of the target power change in this AGC command cycle converted from the maximum power adjustment rate of the unit, then the target power will be changed according to the maximum value.

(8) Realization of multiple sets of AGC

In the simulation calculation of the whole process program, the call of the AGC model is realized by filling in the corresponding model parameter card of the AGC in the dynamic stability data. When it is necessary to study inter-regional interconnected grids, it is often necessary to establish multiple sets of regional AGC models to study frequency regulation and power exchange between interconnected grids. In the program, by identifying the identification name of the AGC card, the AGC card can be divided into multiple sets of independent AGC system parameters, thereby establishing multiple sets of independent AGC models, and implementing respective AGC control strategies in each model.

Based on the above realization principles, Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an automatic power generation control system suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention. The automatic power generation control system includes an AGC module on the grid side, an AGC module on the power plant side, and an AGC module on the unit side. in:

The AGC module on the grid side is used to collect and calculate the frequency of the regional power grid and the exchange power of the regional tie line, calculate the regional total regulation power and regional control deviation power, and select different control strategies according to the regional total regulation power, and calculate and distribute the regional AGC The expected power for AGC adjustment undertaken by each power plant or unit, and sent to the AGC module of the power plant side and the AGC module of the unit;

The AGC module on the power plant side is used to receive the expected power for AGC adjustment sent by the AGC module on the grid side, and distribute the expected power to each unit in the power plant according to the economic and security strategies of the load distribution of each unit in the power plant, and Issued to the unit-side AGC module of each unit;

The unit-side AGC module is used to receive the AGC expected power sent by the grid-side AGC module or the power plant-side AGC module, and calculate the target power of the unit after processing such as amplitude limiting and rate limiting, and send it to the unit coordination control system ( CCS) or governor.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the grid-side AGC module in the automatic generation control system shown in Figure 3, the grid-side AGC module includes a filter module, a regional control deviation calculation module, a regional total regulation power calculation module, A dynamic dead zone module, an AGC grid side control strategy selection module and a grid side AGC controller. Among them, the filter module is used to filter the high-frequency components of the external input grid frequency and tie line power, and output the filtered grid frequency and tie line power to the area control deviation calculation module; the area control deviation calculation module is used to Calculate the ACE value based on the final grid frequency and tie line power, output it to the AGC controller on the grid side, and output the filtered grid frequency, tie line power, and ACE value to the regional total regulated power calculation module; the regional total regulated power calculation The module uses the received ACE value, grid frequency and tie line power to calculate the regional total regulated power P _R , and outputs it to the dynamic dead zone module; the dynamic dead zone module judges the dead zone based on the regional total regulated power at the current time and the previous time , and input the regional total regulated power P _R corrected by the dead zone link to the AGC network side control strategy selection module; the AGC network side control strategy selection module performs the assessment of the CPS standard according to the revised regional total regulated power P _R , and Determine the controller control area where the AGC is located, and send the control area command of the current AGC controller to the grid-side AGC controller; the grid-side AGC controller processes the ACE value received from the area control deviation calculation module according to the current control zone command, The total expected regulated power of all units in the output grid is distributed to the corresponding AGC module on the power plant side and the AGC module on the unit side.

As shown in Figure 5, Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the power plant side AGC module in the automatic generation control system shown in Figure 3, the power plant side AGC module includes a reserve capacity and power deviation calculation module, a desired power allocation strategy selection module and a desired power Assign modules. Among them, the reserve capacity and power deviation calculation module is used to collect the reserve capacity of each unit and the previous unallocated power, calculate the total reserve capacity and the total unallocated power, and output them to the expected power allocation strategy selection module and the expected power allocation module; the expected power The distribution strategy selection module is used to select the desired power distribution strategy between the units according to the current unit output and the set power distribution principle of the units, for the power distribution controller to distribute; the expected power distribution module is used to distribute the total expected power of the power plant among the units. Power, send the expected power of each unit to the AGC control module on the side of each unit.

As shown in Figure 6, Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the unit-side AGC module in the automatic generation control system shown in Figure 3. The unit-side AGC module includes a command issuing control module, a unit power upper and lower limiter module, and unit power rate change Limiting module and unit regulating power mode controller. Among them, the command issuing control module is used to calculate the deviation between the expected power of the unit and the actual processing according to the mechanical power and expected power of the unit. If the deviation is less than the preset threshold, the expected power will not be issued within the control period. If it is greater than the threshold, Then send the expected power to the unit power upper and lower limit module; the unit power upper and lower limit module is used to limit the expected power so that the expected power does not exceed the upper and lower limit of the unit mechanical power output; the unit power rate change limit module is used for Limit the change rate of the expected power. If the change of the expected power exceeds the maximum allowable change of the expected power in this cycle, the expected power is limited to the maximum allowable change, and the unit adjusts the power mode controller according to the current unit setting. The specified logic of undertaking the expected power converts the expected power into the target command power of the CCS system or the governor of the unit, and sends it to the CCS system or the governor.

Based on the above-mentioned automatic generation control system suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides an automatic power generation control method suitable for power system dynamic simulation. In the time domain method simulation of power system simulation, the AGC model Calculation is a calculation link in the simulation of the time domain method, as shown in Figures 3 to 6, the automatic power generation control method includes the following steps:

Step 1: First, the automatic power generation control system is divided into the following three parts according to the structure and function: grid side AGC module, power plant side AGC module and unit side AGC module;

Step 2: Judging whether the simulation time has reached the start time set by the automatic power generation control system, if it is reached, proceed to step 3; if not, wait for the next cycle before processing;

Step 3: During the simulation process, the AGC module on the grid side of the automatic generation control system judges the frequency f of the grid side where the AGC is located and the exchange power P of the inter-regional tie line according to the control mode after each sampling cycle;

Step 4: Determine whether the automatic generation control system meets the suspension conditions. If the deviation Δf between the frequency of the regional power grid where the automatic generation control system is located and the rated frequency is greater than the threshold for AGC suspension, or the deviation between the exchanged power of the inter-regional tie line and the planned power is greater than The threshold value of AGC suspend, the automatic generation control system is suspended, enters the suspended state, returns to step 2 and waits for the next instruction cycle to process; if the suspension condition is not met, proceed to step 5; if the automatic generation control system is already in suspension If it is judged that the automatic power generation control system does not meet the suspend condition at the current moment, it will be transferred from the suspended state to the running state;

Step 5: Calculate the total regional regulation power, P _R =P _P +P _I +P _CPS ;

Step 6: Send the collected frequency and power signals and the calculated values of ACE and P _R to the AGC grid-side control strategy selection module in the grid-side AGC module for processing, and judge whether the current AGC system meets the regional control performance evaluation index requirements, and adjust the mode and strategy of the control system accordingly;

Step 7: The grid-side AGC controller in the grid-side AGC module calculates the total expected power adjustment amount of the regional grid according to the regional total regulated power _PR ;

Step 8: Calculate the number and rated capacity of the power plants and units participating in the secondary frequency regulation in the grid-side AGC module, and distribute the total expected power adjustment of the regional power grid to the power plant-side AGC module and the unit-side AGC module according to the weight factor;

Step 9: The AGC module on the power plant side adopts a certain distribution principle to realize the distribution of adjustments among the units belonging to the power plant;

Step 10: Calculate the maximum change of the target power of the unit in this period according to the upper and lower limits of the power of the unit and the limit of the rate of change of the unit power. If the target power exceeds the maximum change, limit the target power to a given maximum value. If it does not exceed If the maximum variation is reached, proceed to step 11;

Step 11: Transmitting the unit target power signal after output limitation to the unit coordination control system or governor;

Step 12: Return to Step 2 for the next sampling.

In the automatic power generation control system and method suitable for power system dynamic simulation provided by the present invention, the regional power deviation dead zone is calculated using a dynamic dead zone, and when the regulated power is in the static dead zone, the dynamic dead zone is located at the lower threshold of the emergency regulation zone P _E ; when the adjusted power exceeds the static dead zone, the dynamic dead zone changes to the static dead zone threshold _PD with a given time constant T, and finally stays on _PD ; once the adjusted power returns to the static dead zone, regardless of the dynamic dead zone Wherever it is located, it is immediately back to _PE .

The automatic generation control system is started after the set simulation input time; for each automatic generation control system, it is the time when the automatic generation control is put into operation after the simulation starts, and the automatic generation control is in the suspended state before that.

The control mode of the automatic generation control system has the logic of automatic switching: the control mode of the automatic generation control system has FFC, FTC and TBC. One control mode is switched to another control mode.

For different control areas, the PID controller (proportional, integral, differential controller) of the automatic power generation control master station adopts different PID control parameters; according to the value of the total regulated power P _R of the area from small to large, the control of automatic power generation control is differentiated It is dead zone, normal zone, sub-emergency zone, and emergency zone. In each control zone, the PID controller of the automatic power generation control master station adopts different PID control parameters.

For the same set of simulation data, multiple sets of automatic power generation control systems can be established, and the automatic power generation control systems are independent of each other: by filling in the data of multiple sets of automatic power generation control systems, multiple sets of independent automatic power generation control systems can be established. The system is distinguished by the automatic generation control name identification.

The automatic generation control system has a plant-level AGC control model. The power command issued by the AGC module on the grid side is directly issued to the AGC module on the power plant side, or directly to the AGC module on the unit side. The principle of safety is to allocate the target power of each unit in the power plant; after filling in the corresponding power plant parameters in the AGC module of the power plant side, the AGC target power of the grid side is sent to the AGC controller of the power plant side; after filling in the corresponding unit parameters in the AGC module of the unit side, The AGC target power on the grid side is sent to the AGC controller on the unit side; when the parameters are filled in both the AGC module on the unit side and the AGC module on the plant side, the AGC target power on the grid side is sent to the AGC controller on the plant side.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of 1. automatic power generation control method suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, applied to including grid side AGC modules, electricity The automatic electricity generation control system of factory's side AGC modules and unit side AGC modules, it is characterised in that this method includes：

   Step 1：First, automatic electricity generation control system is divided into following three parts according to 26S Proteasome Structure and Function：Grid side AGC modules, electricity Factory's side AGC modules and unit side AGC modules；

   Step 2：Judge whether simulation time reaches the startup time of automatic electricity generation control system setting, if reaching, walked Rapid 3；If not up to, the next cycle is waited to be handled again；

   Step 3：The grid side AGC modules of automatic electricity generation control system are in simulation process, often by a sampling period, according to Control model judges the frequency f of sampling AGC regions power grid and the exchange power P of interregional interconnection；

   Step 4：Judge whether automatic electricity generation control system meets pause condition, if automatic electricity generation control system region is electric The frequency of net and the deviation delta f of rated frequency are more than the threshold value of AGC pauses, or the exchange power of interregional interconnection and plan The deviation of power is more than the threshold value of AGC pauses, then automatic electricity generation control system suspends, and is transferred to suspended state, return to step 2 etc. Treat that the next instruction cycle is handled；If being unsatisfactory for pause condition, step 5 is carried out；If automatic electricity generation control system has been located In suspended state, and current time judges that automatic electricity generation control system is unsatisfactory for the condition of pause, then is transferred to fortune by suspended state Row state；

   Step 5：Ask for region and always adjust power, P_R=P_P+P_I+P_CPS, wherein P_PTo adjust the proportional component in power, P_ITo adjust Save the quadrature components in power, P_CPSTo adjust the CPS components in power；

   Step 6：By the frequency of collection, power signal and ACE, the P being calculated_RValue be sent into grid side AGC moulds AGC in the block Net side control strategy selecting module is handled, and judges whether current AGC system meets Region control Performance Evaluating Indexes It is required that and it is adjusted with this pattern and strategy to control system；

   Step 7：Grid side AGC moulds grid side AGC Control in the block always adjusts power P according to region_RZoning power grid total phase Hope power adjusting amount；

   Step 8：Power plant and the unit of frequency modulation frequency modulation are participated in grid side AGC moulds grid side AGC Control statistical regions in the block Quantity and rated capacity, regional power grid always it is expected according to weight factor power adjusting amount be assigned to Power Plant Side AGC modules and Unit side AGC modules；

   Step 9：Power Plant Side AGC modules use certain distribution principle, and the distribution of regulated quantity is realized between the affiliated unit of power plant；

   Step 10：Unit target power in this cycle is calculated according to the power bound of unit and the limitation of power of the assembling unit rate of change Maximum variable quantity, if target power exceedes maximum variable quantity, target power is limited in given maximum, if do not had Maximum variable quantity is had more than, then carries out step 11；

   Step 11：Unit target power signal after going out power restriction is transmitted to Coordinated Control Systems or governor；

   Step 12：Return to step 2 is sampled next time.
2. 2. the automatic power generation control method according to claim 1 suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterised in that Area power deviation dead band is calculated using dynamic dead zone, and when adjusting power in static dead band, dynamic dead zone is positioned at tight Anxious regulatory region lower limit threshold P_E；Static dead band is crossed when adjusting power, and dynamic dead zone is with given time constant T to static dead band Threshold P_DChange, eventually settles at P_DOn；Once adjusting power returns to static dead band, no matter dynamic dead zone is located at where, all immediately Return to P_E。
3. 3. the automatic power generation control method according to claim 1 suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterised in that Automatic electricity generation control system is started after the emulation making time of setting；For each automatic electricity generation control system, it is At the time of putting into operation after Automatic Generation Control is set since emulation, Automatic Generation Control is in suspended state before this.
4. 4. the automatic power generation control method according to claim 1 suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterised in that The control model of automatic electricity generation control system has the logic to automatically switch：

   The control model of automatic electricity generation control system has FFC, FTC and TBC, automatic electricity generation control system frequency departure or , can be logically by a kind of control mode switch to another control model after dominant eigenvalues deviation reaches setting value.
5. 5. the automatic power generation control method according to claim 1 suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterised in that For different control zones, Automatic Generation Control main website PID controller uses different pid control parameters；Always adjusted according to region Save power P_RValue from small to large, dead band, normal area, less urgent area, urgent area are divided into the control of Automatic Generation Control, In each control zone, Automatic Generation Control main website PID controller uses different pid control parameters.
6. 6. the automatic power generation control method according to claim 1 suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterised in that For same set of emulation data, it can establish and cover automatic electricity generation control systems more, between automatic electricity generation control system independently of each other：

   By filling in the data of more set automatic electricity generation control systems, it can establish and cover independent automatic electricity generation control system more, respectively Distinguished between automatic electricity generation control system with Automatic Generation Control name identification.
7. 7. the automatic power generation control method according to claim 1 suitable for Power System Dynamic Simulation, it is characterised in that There is level of factory AGC Controlling models, the power instruction that grid side AGC modules issue directly is handed down to electricity in automatic electricity generation control system Factory's side AGC modules, or unit side AGC modules are directly handed down to, wherein：

   Power Plant Side AGC modules distribute the target power of each unit in power plant according to economy and principle of sound accounting；In Power Plant Side After corresponding power plant's parameter is filled in AGC modules, grid side AGC target powers are handed down to Power Plant Side AGC Control；

   After filling in corresponding unit parameter in the AGC modules of unit side, grid side AGC target powers are handed down to unit side AGC controls Device；

   When in unit side, AGC modules and Power Plant Side AGC modules fill in parameter, grid side AGC target powers are handed down to Power Plant Side AGC Control.