CN105591356A - Overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit - Google Patents
Overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105591356A CN105591356A CN201610128273.3A CN201610128273A CN105591356A CN 105591356 A CN105591356 A CN 105591356A CN 201610128273 A CN201610128273 A CN 201610128273A CN 105591356 A CN105591356 A CN 105591356A
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- voltage
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- pipe
- voltage source
- overvoltage
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 101100434411 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) ADH1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 101150102866 adc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- CUZMQPZYCDIHQL-VCTVXEGHSA-L calcium;(2s)-1-[(2s)-3-[(2r)-2-(cyclohexanecarbonylamino)propanoyl]sulfanyl-2-methylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].N([C@H](C)C(=O)SC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C([O-])=O)C(=O)C1CCCCC1.N([C@H](C)C(=O)SC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C([O-])=O)C(=O)C1CCCCC1 CUZMQPZYCDIHQL-VCTVXEGHSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H3/207—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage also responsive to under-voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit which is used for connection between a voltage source and a load and comprises a detecting module and a switch module. The input end of the detecting module is connected with the voltage source, and the output end is connected with the control end of the switch module for determining whether the voltage of the voltage source is higher than a high-voltage threshold or lower than a low-voltage threshold and transmitting determination result information to the control end of the switching module. The input end of the switch module is connected with the voltage source, and the output end is connected with the load for controlling on or off between the input end and the output end according to the determination result information which is received by the control end. If the voltage of the voltage source is higher than the high-voltage threshold or is lower than the low-voltage threshold, the circuit between the input end and the output end is switched off; and otherwise, the circuit between the input end and the output end is switched on. When the voltage of the voltage source is higher than the high-voltage threshold or lower than the low-voltage threshold, the circuit between the voltage source and the load is switched off, thereby preventing product damage caused by overhigh input voltage and protecting the input voltage from excessive voltage drop. The overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit has advantages of low cost and easy realization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit design field, particularly a kind of overvoltage and under-voltage protecting circuit.
Background technology
At present, a lot of electronic products are all designed so that by adapter or powered battery, as mobile phone, notebookComputer etc. In the time using adapter to power for product, if adapter is abnormal, or take adapter by mistake,Probably cause the voltage that inputs to electronic product to be greater than the maximum voltage that device can bear, cause electricitySub-damage of product. In the time using powered battery, if reducing after certain value, cell voltage continues electric discharge, veryMay reduce the life-span of battery, even cause battery to occur expendable damage.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of overvoltage and under-voltage protecting circuit, for connectingBetween voltage source and load, comprise detection module and switch module;
Voltage source described in the input termination of described detection module, the control end of switch module described in output termination,For judging whether the voltage of described voltage source is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, and will judgeObject information sends to the control end of described switch module;
Voltage source described in the input termination of described switch module, load described in output termination, for according to controlThe judged result information that termination processed is received, the break-make between control input end and output: if described voltageThe voltage in source is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, between control input end and output, opens circuit;Otherwise path between control input end and output.
Wherein, described detection module comprises micro-control unit;
The first input pin of described micro-control unit connects described voltage source, described in the first output pin connects, opensThe control end that closes module, power pins connects power supply, grounding pin ground connection;
Described the first output pin acquiescence output high level;
The analog signal that described micro-control unit receives the first input pin is converted to data signal, andWith HVT high voltage threshold and low pressure threshold comparison, if be greater than HVT high voltage threshold or be less than low pressure threshold, by firstThe output of output pin becomes low level from high level.
Wherein, described detection module also comprises the first resistance and the second resistance;
Voltage source described in the first termination of described the first resistance, the second end connects respectively of described the second resistanceThe first input pin of one end and described micro-control unit; The second end ground connection of described the second resistance.
Wherein, described switch module comprises the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the 3rd resistance and the 4th electricityResistance;
The control end of described the first switching tube is as micro-control unit described in the control termination of described switch moduleThe first output pin, hot end connects the control end of described second switch pipe by described the 3rd resistance,Cold end ground connection; In the time that the control end of described the first switching tube accesses high level, described the first switching tubeConducting;
The hot end of described second switch pipe is as voltage source described in the input termination of described switch module,Cold end is as load described in the output termination of described switch module, and control end is by described the 4th resistanceConnect described voltage source; In the time of described the first switching tube conducting, the conducting of described second switch pipe.
Wherein, described the first switching tube is NPN type triode; The control end of described the first switching tube, heightPotential end, cold end are followed successively by base stage, colelctor electrode, the emitter stage of described NPN type triode.
Wherein, described the first switching tube is NMOS pipe; The control end of described the first switching tube, hot end,Cold end is followed successively by grid, drain electrode, the source electrode of described NMOS pipe.
Wherein, described second switch pipe is PMOS pipe; The control end of described second switch pipe, hot end,Cold end is followed successively by grid, source electrode, the drain electrode of described PMOS pipe.
Wherein, described second switch pipe is positive-negative-positive triode; The control end of described second switch pipe, heightPotential end, cold end are followed successively by base stage, emitter stage, the colelctor electrode of described positive-negative-positive triode.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is: overvoltage provided by the invention and under-voltage protecting circuit are connected toBetween voltage source and load, in the time that the voltage of voltage source is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, willVoltage source and load cut-off, avoided input voltage to be greater than the product that maximum voltage that device can bear causesProduct damage, and have also avoided expendable damage or reduction that the continuous discharge of voltage source low pressure causes to useLife-span, and cost is low, is easy to realize; In a preferred embodiment, utilize divider resistance that voltage source is defeatedThe voltage transitions entering is to be transferred to micro-control unit after a lower voltage, has realized different protection electricityPress.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of overvoltage that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the signal of the system architecture of under-voltage protecting circuitFigure;
A kind of overvoltage that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the physical circuit figure of under-voltage protecting circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to thisBright embodiment is described in further detail.
A kind of overvoltage that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the signal of the system architecture of under-voltage protecting circuitFigure. As shown in Figure 1, the overvoltage that the embodiment of the present invention provides and under-voltage protecting circuit 110, for connectingBetween voltage source 120 and load 130, comprise detection module 111 and switch module 112.
The input termination voltage source 120 of detection module 111, the control end of output termination switch module 112,For judging whether the voltage of voltage source 120 is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, and will judgeObject information sends to the control end of switch module 112.
The input termination voltage source 120 of switch module 112, output termination load 130, for according to controlThe judged result information that termination is received, the break-make between control input end and output: if voltage source 120Voltage be greater than HVT high voltage threshold or be less than low pressure threshold, between control input end and output, open circuit;Otherwise path between control input end and output.
In the time that the voltage of voltage source 120 is normal, the voltage of voltage source 120 is less than HVT high voltage threshold and largeIn the time of low pressure threshold, switch module 112 is controlled path between its input and output, voltage source 120Voltage be loaded into load 130 by switch module 112, load 130 is normally worked. When voltage source 120Voltage occur when abnormal, the abnormal or user's wrong adapter of the adapter of for example powering for load 130,Now the voltage of voltage source 120 is greater than HVT high voltage threshold, and switch module 112 is controlled its input and outputBetween open circuit, load 130 can not obtain voltage, has avoided input voltage to be greater than the maximum that device can bearThe damage of product that voltage causes; Again for example in the time using battery to power for load 130, if cell voltageBe reduced to and be less than low pressure threshold, switch module 112 also can be controlled between its input and output and open circuit,Now battery can not continue electric discharge as voltage source 120, and protection input voltage is not excessively dragged down, and avoidsThere is expendable damage or reduce battery in battery.
A kind of overvoltage that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the physical circuit figure of under-voltage protecting circuit. AsShown in Fig. 2, in the overvoltage that the present embodiment provides and under-voltage protecting circuit, detection module comprises micro-control unitMCU。
The first input pin ADC1 of micro-control unit MCU connects voltage source, the first output pin PIO1The control end that connects switch module, power pins VCC connects power supply, grounding pin GND ground connection.
The first output pin PIO1 acquiescence output high level. Micro-control unit MCU is by the first input pinConnect the analog signal that ADC1 receives and be converted to data signal, and with HVT high voltage threshold and low pressure threshold comparison,If be greater than HVT high voltage threshold or be less than low pressure threshold, that the output of the first output pin PIO1 is electric by heightThe flat low level that becomes. The control end of switch module receives the high level letter that the first output pin PIO1 sendsNumber or low level signal, according to the break-make between low and high level control input end and output.
Preferably, detection module also comprises the first resistance R 1 and the second resistance R 2. The first resistance R 1The first termination voltage source, the second end meets respectively the first end of the second resistance R 2 and micro-control unit MCUThe first input pin ADC1; The second end ground connection of the second resistance R 2. Conventionally micro-control unit MCU connectsThe scope of magnitude of voltage of receiving is fixed, and HVT high voltage threshold and low pressure threshold are also at micro-control unitIn MCU, pre-set, by the first resistance R 1 and the second resistance R 2 dividing potential drops, voltage source is defeatedThe voltage transitions entering is the first input pin that is transferred to micro-control unit MCU after a lower voltageADC1, can realize different protection voltage.
Still as shown in Figure 2, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, switch module comprises the first switchPipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the 4th resistance R 4. The first switching tube Q1 canBe NPN type triode or NMOS pipe, second switch pipe Q2 can be PMOS pipe or positive-negative-positive threeUtmost point pipe. In the present embodiment, taking the first switching tube Q1 as NPN type triode, second switch pipe Q2For PMOS pipe is example, illustrate embodiment and the operation principle of switch module.
The base stage of the first switching tube Q1 is as first of the control termination micro-control unit MUC of switch moduleOutput pin PIO1, colelctor electrode connects the grid of second switch pipe Q2, emitter stage by the 3rd resistance R 3Ground connection. The source electrode of second switch pipe Q2 is as the input termination voltage source of switch module, and drain electrode is as openingThe output termination load of closing module, grid connects voltage source by the 4th resistance R 4.
In the time that the first output pin PIO1 of micro-control unit MUC exports high level, the first switching tubeQ1 conducting. The resistance of the emitter and collector of the first switching tube Q1 is almost nil, so second switchThe VGS of pipe Q2 is greater than its cut-in voltage, second switch pipe Q2 conducting, and the voltage that load obtains is basicOn equal the input voltage of voltage source.
In the time of the first output pin PIO1 output low level of micro-control unit MUC, the first switching tubeQ1 closes, and the resistance of the emitter and collector of the first switching tube Q1 is equivalent to infinity, so secondThe VGS of switching tube Q2 is almost nil, is less than its cut-in voltage, and second switch pipe Q2 closes, loadThe voltage obtaining is almost nil, is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low when the voltage of voltage source thereby realizedWhile pressing threshold value, opening circuit between voltage source and load, protect the input voltage of voltage source excessively not drawnLow, also protect load not because too high voltage damages.
The present embodiment taking the first switching tube Q1 as NPN type triode, second switch pipe Q2 is as PMOSPipe is example, understands specifically embodiment and the operation principle of switch module. The first switching tube Q1 also canTo be NMOS pipe, second switch pipe Q2 can be also positive-negative-positive triode. As the first switching tube Q1While pipe for NMOS, the grid of NMOS pipe, drain electrode, source electrode are equivalent to NPN type triode successivelyBase stage, colelctor electrode, emitter stage; Positive-negative-positive triode in the time that second switch pipe Q2 is positive-negative-positive triodeBase stage, emitter stage, colelctor electrode be equivalent to successively grid, source electrode, the drain electrode of PMOS pipe, connection sideFormula and operation principle are basic identical, repeat no more.
In sum, a kind of overvoltage provided by the invention and under-voltage protecting circuit, compared with prior art,There is following beneficial effect:
1, overvoltage provided by the invention and under-voltage protecting circuit are connected between voltage source and load, work as voltageWhen the voltage in source is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, by voltage source and load cut-off, avoidInput voltage is greater than the damage of product that maximum voltage that device can bear causes, and has also avoided voltage source lowPress the expendable damage that causes of continuous discharge or reduce service life, and cost is low, is easy to realityExisting.
2, overvoltage provided by the invention and under-voltage protecting circuit, utilizes divider resistance by the electricity of voltage source inputPressure is transferred to micro-control unit after being converted to a lower voltage, has realized different protection voltage.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection model of the present inventionEnclose. All any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., allBe included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. overvoltage and a under-voltage protecting circuit, for being connected between voltage source and load, its feature existsIn, described holding circuit comprises detection module and switch module;
Voltage source described in the input termination of described detection module, the control end of switch module described in output termination,For judging whether the voltage of described voltage source is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, and will judgeObject information sends to the control end of described switch module;
Voltage source described in the input termination of described switch module, load described in output termination, for according to controlThe judged result information that termination processed is received, the break-make between control input end and output: if described voltageThe voltage in source is greater than HVT high voltage threshold or is less than low pressure threshold, between control input end and output, opens circuit;Otherwise path between control input end and output.
2. overvoltage as claimed in claim 1 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described detection mouldPiece comprises micro-control unit;
The first input pin of described micro-control unit connects described voltage source, described in the first output pin connects, opensThe control end that closes module, power pins connects power supply, grounding pin ground connection;
Described the first output pin acquiescence output high level;
The analog signal that described micro-control unit receives the first input pin is converted to data signal, andWith HVT high voltage threshold and low pressure threshold comparison, if be greater than HVT high voltage threshold or be less than low pressure threshold, by firstThe output of output pin becomes low level from high level.
3. overvoltage as claimed in claim 2 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described detection mouldPiece also comprises the first resistance and the second resistance;
Voltage source described in the first termination of described the first resistance, the second end connects respectively of described the second resistanceThe first input pin of one end and described micro-control unit; The second end ground connection of described the second resistance.
4. overvoltage as claimed in claim 3 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described switching moldingPiece comprises the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance;
The control end of described the first switching tube is as micro-control unit described in the control termination of described switch moduleThe first output pin, hot end connects the control end of described second switch pipe by described the 3rd resistance,Cold end ground connection; In the time that the control end of described the first switching tube accesses high level, described the first switching tubeConducting;
The hot end of described second switch pipe is as voltage source described in the input termination of described switch module,Cold end is as load described in the output termination of described switch module, and control end is by described the 4th resistanceConnect described voltage source; In the time of described the first switching tube conducting, the conducting of described second switch pipe.
5. overvoltage as claimed in claim 4 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described first opensClose pipe for NPN type triode; The control end of described the first switching tube, hot end, cold end are successivelyFor base stage, colelctor electrode, the emitter stage of described NPN type triode.
6. overvoltage as claimed in claim 4 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described first opensClose pipe for NMOS pipe; The control end of described the first switching tube, hot end, cold end are followed successively by instituteState grid, drain electrode, the source electrode of NMOS pipe.
7. overvoltage as claimed in claim 4 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described second opensClose pipe for PMOS pipe; The control end of described second switch pipe, hot end, cold end are followed successively by instituteState grid, source electrode, the drain electrode of PMOS pipe.
8. overvoltage as claimed in claim 4 and under-voltage protecting circuit, is characterized in that, described second opensClose pipe for positive-negative-positive triode; The control end of described second switch pipe, hot end, cold end are successivelyFor base stage, emitter stage, the colelctor electrode of described positive-negative-positive triode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610128273.3A CN105591356A (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2016-03-07 | Overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610128273.3A CN105591356A (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2016-03-07 | Overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit |
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| CN105591356A true CN105591356A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610128273.3A Pending CN105591356A (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2016-03-07 | Overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106787667A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-31 | 北京百卓网络技术有限公司 | Switching Power Supply soft-start circuit and control method |
| CN106972852A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-21 | 深圳市云顶信息技术有限公司 | Interface circuit and electronic equipment |
| WO2018192098A1 (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | 深圳市云顶信息技术有限公司 | Interface circuit and electronic device |
| CN111157877A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 西安翔腾微电子科技有限公司 | Off-state load open circuit detection circuit |
| CN112736843A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 珠海拓芯科技有限公司 | Switching power supply overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit, switching power supply and air conditioner |
| CN113114189A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 无锡力芯微电子股份有限公司 | Double-voltage threshold circuit and power failure protection circuit thereof |
| CN114765365A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-19 | 深圳市三诺数字科技有限公司 | MCU port protection circuit |
| CN115864306A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-03-28 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | Single-phase meter and carrier power supply undervoltage protection device |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106787667A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-31 | 北京百卓网络技术有限公司 | Switching Power Supply soft-start circuit and control method |
| CN106972852A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-21 | 深圳市云顶信息技术有限公司 | Interface circuit and electronic equipment |
| WO2018192098A1 (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | 深圳市云顶信息技术有限公司 | Interface circuit and electronic device |
| CN111157877A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 西安翔腾微电子科技有限公司 | Off-state load open circuit detection circuit |
| CN111157877B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 西安翔腾微电子科技有限公司 | Off-state load open circuit detection circuit |
| CN112736843A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 珠海拓芯科技有限公司 | Switching power supply overvoltage and undervoltage protection circuit, switching power supply and air conditioner |
| CN114765365A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-19 | 深圳市三诺数字科技有限公司 | MCU port protection circuit |
| CN114765365B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2025-07-11 | 深圳市三诺数字科技有限公司 | A MCU port protection circuit |
| CN113114189A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 无锡力芯微电子股份有限公司 | Double-voltage threshold circuit and power failure protection circuit thereof |
| CN113114189B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2025-01-14 | 无锡赛米垦拓微电子股份有限公司 | Dual voltage threshold circuit and power-off protection circuit thereof |
| CN115864306A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-03-28 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | Single-phase meter and carrier power supply undervoltage protection device |
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Application publication date: 20160518 |