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CN105743383A - Five-phase photovoltaic inverter and control method thereof - Google Patents

Five-phase photovoltaic inverter and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105743383A
CN105743383A CN201610169805.8A CN201610169805A CN105743383A CN 105743383 A CN105743383 A CN 105743383A CN 201610169805 A CN201610169805 A CN 201610169805A CN 105743383 A CN105743383 A CN 105743383A
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China
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phase
photovoltaic inverter
vector
inverter
voltage
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Inventor
王振中
刘志刚
胡益
闫飞朝
孙东海
郭剑
洪熊祥
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China Power Engineering Consulting Group East China Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Power Engineering Consulting Group East China Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53875—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
    • H02M7/53876—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output based on synthesising a desired voltage vector via the selection of appropriate fundamental voltage vectors, and corresponding dwelling times
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种五相光伏逆变器及其控制方法，该五相光伏逆变器包括直流断路器、DC/DC变换器、五相逆变桥、五相滤波器以及交流断路器，其中，该直流断路器的输出端与该DC/DC变换器的输入端电连接，该DC/DC变换器的输出端与该五相逆变桥的输入端电连接，该五相逆变桥的输出端与该五相滤波器电连接，以及该五相滤波器与该交流断路器电连接。本发明的五相光伏逆变器具有线性调制范围大、直流电源利用率高以及输出电压及电流中的谐波分量低的优点。

The invention discloses a five-phase photovoltaic inverter and a control method thereof. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter includes a DC circuit breaker, a DC/DC converter, a five-phase inverter bridge, a five-phase filter and an AC circuit breaker. Wherein, the output end of the DC circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input end of the DC/DC converter, the output end of the DC/DC converter is electrically connected to the input end of the five-phase inverter bridge, and the five-phase inverter bridge The output terminal is electrically connected to the five-phase filter, and the five-phase filter is electrically connected to the AC circuit breaker. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention has the advantages of large linear modulation range, high DC power utilization rate and low harmonic components in output voltage and current.

Description

五相光伏逆变器及其控制方法Five-phase photovoltaic inverter and its control method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及光伏发电领域，具体涉及一种五相光伏逆变器及其控制方法。The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a five-phase photovoltaic inverter and a control method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

太阳能具有安全、清洁和资源普遍性等优点，能够成为替代化石能源主要的可再生能源。太阳能光伏发电在其开发研究、市场开拓以及产业化制造技术早已作为全球各国激烈竞争的焦点。由于光伏产业的规模化发展，因此三相光伏逆变器容量小、转换效率低等缺陷已经成为制约光伏电站向智能化、模块化发展的瓶颈。同时，由于电力电子器件的广泛应用使得供电系统不再受传统的三相供电相数的限制，多相系统(相数多于三相的系统)得到了广泛关注。多相系统提高了整个系统的输出功率，特别适合应用与电力机车牵引、船舶电力推进、航空航天等领域。Solar energy has the advantages of safety, cleanliness and resource universality, and can become the main renewable energy to replace fossil energy. Solar photovoltaic power generation has long been the focus of fierce competition among countries around the world in its development research, market development and industrialized manufacturing technology. Due to the large-scale development of the photovoltaic industry, defects such as small capacity and low conversion efficiency of three-phase photovoltaic inverters have become bottlenecks restricting the development of photovoltaic power plants to intelligent and modularized. At the same time, due to the wide application of power electronic devices, the power supply system is no longer limited by the number of traditional three-phase power supply phases, and multi-phase systems (systems with more than three phases) have received extensive attention. The multi-phase system improves the output power of the whole system, and is especially suitable for applications such as electric locomotive traction, ship electric propulsion, aerospace and other fields.

因此，现有的三相光伏逆变器具有以下缺陷：Therefore, the existing three-phase photovoltaic inverters have the following defects:

第一，逆变器将直流电转换为工频交流电时，谐波含量高，转换效率低；First, when the inverter converts DC power into power frequency AC power, the harmonic content is high and the conversion efficiency is low;

第二，逆变器的容量小，不适于大规模、大容量的光伏阵列。Second, the capacity of the inverter is small, which is not suitable for large-scale and high-capacity photovoltaic arrays.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种五相光伏逆变器及其控制方法，从而解决上述现有技术中存在的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a five-phase photovoltaic inverter and its control method, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

为了解决上述问题，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种五相光伏逆变器，所述五相光伏逆变器包括直流断路器、DC/DC变换器、五相逆变桥、五相滤波器以及交流断路器，其中，所述直流断路器的输出端与所述DC/DC变换器的输入端电连接，所述DC/DC变换器的输出端与所述五相逆变桥的输入端电连接，所述五相逆变桥的输出端与所述五相滤波器电连接，以及所述五相滤波器与所述交流断路器电连接。In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a five-phase photovoltaic inverter is provided. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter includes a DC circuit breaker, a DC/DC converter, a five-phase inverter bridge, a five-phase A filter and an AC circuit breaker, wherein the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC/DC converter, and the output terminal of the DC/DC converter is connected to the five-phase inverter bridge The input end is electrically connected, the output end of the five-phase inverter bridge is electrically connected to the five-phase filter, and the five-phase filter is electrically connected to the AC circuit breaker.

较佳地，所述五相光伏逆变器具有1/4工作方式和2/3工作方式；其中所述1/4工作方式是指在某一时刻，所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有一相导通，下桥臂有四相导通，或所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有四相导通，下桥臂有一相导通；以及所述2/3工作方式是指在某一时刻，所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有两相导通，下桥臂有三相导通，或所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有三相导通，下桥臂有两相导通。Preferably, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter has a 1/4 working mode and a 2/3 working mode; wherein the 1/4 working mode means that at a certain moment, the upper bridge of the five-phase inverter bridge One phase of the arm is conducted, and the lower bridge arm has four phases of conduction, or the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge has four phases of conduction, and one phase of the lower bridge arm is conducted; and the 2/3 working mode is It means that at a certain moment, the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge has two-phase conduction and the lower bridge arm has three-phase conduction, or the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge has three-phase conduction and the lower bridge arm has three-phase conduction. Arm has two-phase conduction.

较佳地，在所述1/4工作方式和2/3工作方式中，上桥臂导通的相相邻，以及下桥臂导通的相相邻。Preferably, in the 1/4 working mode and the 2/3 working mode, the phases in which the upper bridge arm is turned on are adjacent, and the phases in which the lower bridge arm is turned on are adjacent.

较佳地，所述五相光伏逆变器还包括SPWM模块和PMU模块，其中所述SPWM模块通过控制线与所述五相逆变桥连接，所述PMU模块通过信号线与所述SPWM模块连接，运行时，所述PMU模块发送指令给所述SPWM模块，所述SPWM模块控制五相逆变桥的IGBT管通断，从而得到期望的电压信号。Preferably, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter also includes a SPWM module and a PMU module, wherein the SPWM module is connected to the five-phase inverter bridge through a control line, and the PMU module is connected to the SPWM module through a signal line When connecting and running, the PMU module sends instructions to the SPWM module, and the SPWM module controls the IGBT tube of the five-phase inverter bridge to be turned on and off, so as to obtain the desired voltage signal.

较佳地，所述PMU模块和SPWM模块与电源电连接。Preferably, the PMU module and the SPWM module are electrically connected to a power supply.

较佳地，所述SPWM模块设有执行以下过程的电路：Preferably, the SPWM module is provided with a circuit for performing the following processes:

(1)建立五相光伏逆变器的开关方程：S＝[Sa，Sb，Sc，Sd，Se]，其中，Sk＝1表示光伏逆变器a相桥臂上开关导通、下开关关断，Sk＝0表示上开关关断、下开关导通，其中k＝a，b，c，d，或e；(1) Establish the switching equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: S=[S a , S b , S c , S d , S e ], where S k =1 means the switch on the a-phase bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter Turning on and turning off the lower switch, S k =0 means turning off the upper switch and turning on the lower switch, where k=a, b, c, d, or e;

(2)建立五相光伏逆变器的极电压方程：uk0＝SkUd-Ud/2；(2) Establish the pole voltage equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: u k0 = S k U d -U d /2;

(3)建立五相光伏逆变器的电压矢量方程： (3) Establish the voltage vector equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter:

(4)求出五相光伏逆变器的32个电压矢量，该32个电压矢量包括大矢量ULi，i为≥1且≤10的整数，中矢量UMj，j为≥1且≤10的整数,小矢量USn，n为≥1且≤10的整数，以及两个零矢量U0，其中该32个电压矢量分布成10个扇区，每一个扇区包括两个大矢量、两个中矢量、两个小矢量以及一个零矢量；(4) Find 32 voltage vectors of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter, the 32 voltage vectors include the large vector U Li , i is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and the medium vector U Mj , j is ≥ 1 and ≤ 10 Integers, small vector U Sn , n is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and two zero vectors U 0 , where the 32 voltage vectors are distributed into 10 sectors, and each sector includes two large vectors, two a medium vector, two small vectors, and a zero vector;

(5)合成参考电压Uref：设参考电压Uref位于第k个扇区，选择UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及一个零矢量来合成参考电压Uref；(5) Synthetic reference voltage U ref : Assuming that the reference voltage U ref is located in the kth sector, select U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and a zero vector to synthesize the reference voltage U ref ;

(6)求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间。(6) Calculate the action time of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 .

较佳地，所述五相光伏逆变器还包括直流EMC滤波器，所述直流EMC滤波器设置在所述直流断路器与所述DC/DC变换器之间，其中所述直流EMC滤波器的输入端与所述直流断路器的输出端电连接，以及所述直流EMC滤波器的输出端与所述DC/DC变换器的输入端电连接。Preferably, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter also includes a DC EMC filter, and the DC EMC filter is arranged between the DC circuit breaker and the DC/DC converter, wherein the DC EMC filter The input end of the DC circuit breaker is electrically connected to the output end of the DC circuit breaker, and the output end of the DC EMC filter is electrically connected to the input end of the DC/DC converter.

较佳地，所述五相光伏逆变器还包括交流EMC滤波器，所述交流EMC滤波器设置于所述五相滤波器和所述交流断路器之间，其中所述交流EMC滤波器的输入端与所述五相滤波器的输出端电连接，以及所述交流EMC滤波器的输出端与所述交流断路器的输入端电连接。Preferably, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter also includes an AC EMC filter, and the AC EMC filter is arranged between the five-phase filter and the AC circuit breaker, wherein the AC EMC filter The input end is electrically connected to the output end of the five-phase filter, and the output end of the AC EMC filter is electrically connected to the input end of the AC circuit breaker.

根据本发明的另一方面，还提供了一种五相光伏逆变器的控制方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a five-phase photovoltaic inverter is also provided, the method comprising the following steps:

(1)建立五相光伏逆变器的开关方程：S＝[Sa，Sb，Sc，Sd，Se]，其中，Sk＝1表示光伏逆变器a相桥臂上开关导通，下开关关断；Sa＝0表示上开关关断，下开关导通，k＝a、b、c、d或e；(1) Establish the switching equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: S=[S a , S b , S c , S d , S e ], where S k =1 means the switch on the a-phase bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter On, the lower switch is off; S a =0 means the upper switch is off, the lower switch is on, k=a, b, c, d or e;

(2)建立五相光伏逆变器的极电压方程：uk0＝SkUd-Ud/2；(2) Establish the pole voltage equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: u k0 = S k U d -U d /2;

(3)建立五相光伏逆变器的电压矢量方程： (3) Establish the voltage vector equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter:

(4)求出五相光伏逆变器的32个电压矢量，该32个电压矢量包括大矢量ULi，i为≥1且≤10的整数，中矢量UMj,j为≥1且≤10的整数,小矢量USn，n为≥1且≤10的整数，以及两个零矢量U0，其中该32个电压矢量分布成10个扇区，每一个扇区包括两个大矢量、两个中矢量、两个小矢量以及一个零矢量；(4) Find 32 voltage vectors of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter, the 32 voltage vectors include the large vector U Li , i is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and the medium vector U Mj , j is ≥ 1 and ≤ 10 Integers, small vector U Sn , n is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and two zero vectors U 0 , where the 32 voltage vectors are distributed into 10 sectors, and each sector includes two large vectors, two a medium vector, two small vectors, and a zero vector;

(5)合成参考电压Uref：设参考电压Uref位于第k个扇区，选择UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及一个零矢量U0来合成参考电压Uref；(5) Synthetic reference voltage U ref : Assuming that the reference voltage U ref is located in the kth sector, select U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and a zero vector U 0 to synthesize the reference voltage U ref ;

(6)求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间。(6) Calculate the action time of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 .

较佳地，通过以下步骤求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间：Preferably, the action time of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 is obtained through the following steps:

设在一个开关周期Ts内第k个矢量的作用时间为Tk，建立第k个扇区内矢量平衡方程：Assuming that the action time of the kth vector in a switching period T s is T k , the vector balance equation in the kth sector is established:

TT sthe s Uu rr ee ff == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) Uu LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk Uu Mm KK ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) Uu Mm (( KK ++ 22 )) TT sthe s == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) ++ TT 00

从而求出TL(k+1)、T(M+2)k、TMk和T0。T L(k+1) , T (M+2)k , T Mk and T 0 are thus obtained.

较佳地，电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用顺序为：UMk→UL(k+1)→UM(k+2)→U0→UM(k+2)→UL(k+1)→UMk。Preferably, the action sequence of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 is: U Mk →U L(k+1) →UM (k+2) → U 0 →U M(k+2) →U L(k+1) →U Mk .

较佳地，当所述Uref位于第一个扇区时，电压UM1、UL2、UM3和U0的作用顺序为UM1(10000)→UL2(11000)→UM3(01000)→U0(00000)→UM3(01000)→UL2(11000)→UM1(10000)。Preferably, when the U ref is located in the first sector, the action order of the voltages UM 1 , UL 2 , UM 3 and U 0 is UM 1 (10000)→UL 2 (11000)→UM 3 (01000) → U 0 (00000) → UM 3 (01000) → UL 2 (11000) → UM 1 (10000).

本发明的五相光伏逆变器具备如下优点：The five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention has the following advantages:

(1)五相控制系统比传统三相系统的调制指数大，因此五相光伏逆变器的线性调制范围更大，直流电源利用率更高；(1) The modulation index of the five-phase control system is larger than that of the traditional three-phase system, so the linear modulation range of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter is larger, and the DC power utilization rate is higher;

(2)五相光伏逆变器输出电压及电流中的谐波分量降低；(2) Harmonic components in the output voltage and current of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter are reduced;

(3)当五相中的一相或几相发生故障时，通过适当的控制，光伏逆变器仍可以将功率启动和运行，系统可靠性高；(3) When one or several phases of the five phases fail, through proper control, the photovoltaic inverter can still start and run the power, and the system reliability is high;

(4)最大限度地提高光伏逆变器的转化效率和并网容量。(4) Maximize the conversion efficiency and grid-connected capacity of photovoltaic inverters.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明五相光伏逆变器的拓扑结构图；Fig. 1 is a topological structure diagram of a five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention;

图2是本发明五相光伏逆变器的空间电压矢量图，其中小电压矢量未示出；以及Fig. 2 is the spatial voltage vector diagram of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention, wherein the small voltage vector is not shown; and

图3是通过本发明的五相光伏逆变器控制方法得到的第一扇区的PWM波形图。Fig. 3 is a PWM waveform diagram of the first sector obtained through the five-phase photovoltaic inverter control method of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下将结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细说明，以便更清楚理解本发明的目的、特点和优点。应理解的是，附图所示的实施例并不是对本发明范围的限制，而只是为了说明本发明技术方案的实质精神。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to better understand the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but only to illustrate the essence of the technical solutions of the present invention.

术语说明Glossary

光伏逆变器：逆变器是通过电力电子器件(MOSFET、IGBT等)连接电阻电容，以脉冲宽度调制的方式控制器件的通断，把汇流箱传输来的直流电转变成交流电，同时完成光伏组件的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)，保证智能控制及反孤岛效应等。Photovoltaic inverter: The inverter connects resistors and capacitors through power electronic devices (MOSFET, IGBT, etc.), controls the on-off of the device in the form of pulse width modulation, converts the direct current transmitted by the combiner box into alternating current, and completes the photovoltaic module at the same time. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) ensures intelligent control and anti-islanding effects.

DC/DC变换器：实现对光伏阵列的升压，同时完成对光伏阵列输出最大功率的跟踪(MPPT)。DC/DC converter: Realize boosting the photovoltaic array, and at the same time complete the tracking (MPPT) of the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array.

逆变桥：采用全桥结构，将直流电转换成工频交流电。Inverter bridge: It adopts a full bridge structure to convert direct current into power frequency alternating current.

如图1所示，本发明的五相光伏逆变器100通常包括直流断路器10、DC/DC转换器20、五相逆变桥30、五相滤波器40以及交流断路器50，其中，直流断路器10的输出端与DC/DC转换器20的输入端电连接，DC/DC转换器20的输出端与五相逆变桥30的输入端电连接，五相逆变桥30的输出端与五相滤波器40的输入端电连接，五相滤波器40的输出端与交流断路器50的输入端电连接，其中，DC/DC变换器实现对光伏阵列输出电压的提高，完成最大功率点的跟踪(MPPT)。As shown in Figure 1, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter 100 of the present invention generally includes a DC circuit breaker 10, a DC/DC converter 20, a five-phase inverter bridge 30, a five-phase filter 40 and an AC circuit breaker 50, wherein, The output end of the DC circuit breaker 10 is electrically connected to the input end of the DC/DC converter 20, the output end of the DC/DC converter 20 is electrically connected to the input end of the five-phase inverter bridge 30, and the output of the five-phase inverter bridge 30 end is electrically connected to the input end of the five-phase filter 40, and the output end of the five-phase filter 40 is electrically connected to the input end of the AC circuit breaker 50, wherein the DC/DC converter realizes the improvement of the output voltage of the photovoltaic array and completes the maximum Power point tracking (MPPT).

五相逆变桥的20包括10个IGBT开关管：S1～S10，五相滤波器40采用RLC型滤波器，R代表滤波器的内阻和由每相桥臂上、下互锁死区所造成的电压损失，L代表并网滤波器。The 20 of the five-phase inverter bridge includes 10 IGBT switch tubes: S 1 ~ S 10 , the five-phase filter 40 adopts an RLC filter, and R represents the internal resistance of the filter and is interlocked by the upper and lower arms of each phase. The voltage loss caused by the area, L represents the grid-connected filter.

如图1所示，本发明的五相光伏逆变器100还包括SPWM模块60和PMU模块70，SPWM模块60通过控制线61分别与五相逆变桥20的10个IGBT开关管S1～S10连接，从而通过SPWM模块60能够控制IGBT管S1～S10的导通和断开，PMU模块70通过信号线71与SPWM模块60连接，从而可以向SPWM模块60发送指令。As shown in Figure 1, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter 100 of the present invention also includes a SPWM module 60 and a PMU module 70, and the SPWM module 60 is respectively connected to the 10 IGBT switch tubes S1- S 10 is connected, so that the on and off of IGBT tubes S 1 -S 10 can be controlled through the SPWM module 60 , and the PMU module 70 is connected to the SPWM module 60 through the signal line 71 , so that instructions can be sent to the SPWM module 60 .

SPWM模块60和PMU模块70都分别通过导线与电源连接，而箭头62、63分别表示信号波和载波，信号波指的是把希望得到的波形按比例缩小作为调制信号，在本发明中该调制信号为正弦波，载波指的是接受调制的信号。The SPWM module 60 and the PMU module 70 are all connected to the power supply by wires respectively, and arrows 62, 63 represent signal waves and carrier waves respectively, and signal waves refer to reducing the desired waveform in proportion as a modulation signal. In the present invention, the modulation The signal is a sine wave, and the carrier refers to the modulated signal.

运行时，PMU模块70发送指令给SPWM模块60，SPWM模块60控制五相逆变桥的IGBT管通断，从而得到期望的电压信号。During operation, the PMU module 70 sends instructions to the SPWM module 60, and the SPWM module 60 controls the IGBT tubes of the five-phase inverter bridge to be switched on and off, so as to obtain desired voltage signals.

当载波信号传至SPWM模块60时，SPWM模块60通过信号线将该载波信号传至PMU模块70，PMU模块70发出指令给SPWM模块60，SPWM模块60执行计算比较功能，并通过控制线控制五相逆变桥20的10个IGBT管管S1～S10的通断，从而得到期望的电压信号。When the carrier signal is transmitted to the SPWM module 60, the SPWM module 60 transmits the carrier signal to the PMU module 70 through the signal line, and the PMU module 70 sends an instruction to the SPWM module 60, and the SPWM module 60 performs a calculation and comparison function, and controls five The ten IGBT tubes S 1 -S 10 of the phase inverter bridge 20 are turned on and off, so as to obtain desired voltage signals.

在本发明的另一实施例中，五相光伏逆变器100还包括直流EMC滤波器，直流EMC滤波器设置在直流断路器10与DC/DC变换器20之间，直流EMC滤波器的输入端与直流断路器10的输出端电连接，直流EMC滤波器的输出端与DC/DC变换器的输入端电连接，直流EMC滤波器实现滤除电磁谐波的作用。In another embodiment of the present invention, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter 100 also includes a DC EMC filter, and the DC EMC filter is arranged between the DC circuit breaker 10 and the DC/DC converter 20, and the input of the DC EMC filter terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker 10, the output terminal of the DC EMC filter is electrically connected to the input terminal of the DC/DC converter, and the DC EMC filter realizes the function of filtering electromagnetic harmonics.

在本发明的另一实施例中，五相光伏逆变器100还包括交流EMC滤波器，交流EMC滤波器设置于五相滤波器40和交流断路器50之间，交流EMC滤波器的输入端与五相滤波器40的输出端电连接，交流EMC滤波器的输出端与交流断路器50的输入端电连接，交流EMC滤波器实现滤除电磁谐波的作用。In another embodiment of the present invention, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter 100 also includes an AC EMC filter, the AC EMC filter is arranged between the five-phase filter 40 and the AC circuit breaker 50, and the input end of the AC EMC filter It is electrically connected to the output end of the five-phase filter 40, and the output end of the AC EMC filter is electrically connected to the input end of the AC circuit breaker 50, and the AC EMC filter realizes the function of filtering electromagnetic harmonics.

本发明的五相光伏逆变器拓扑结构简单，具有不受容量大小限制的优点。但是控制方式也相对复杂，下文详细介绍本发明五相光伏逆变器的控制方法。The five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention has a simple topological structure and has the advantage of not being limited by capacity. However, the control method is relatively complicated. The following describes the control method of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention in detail.

设五相光伏逆变器的开关函数为Suppose the switching function of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter is

S＝[Sa，Sb，Sc，Sd，Se](1)S=[S a , S b , S c , S d , S e ](1)

如果Sa＝1，则表示光伏逆变器a相桥臂上开关导通，下开关关断，输出点对电源中心点O的电压(极电压)是Ud/2；If S a =1, it means that the upper switch of the a-phase bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter is turned on, and the lower switch is turned off, and the voltage (pole voltage) of the output point to the center point O of the power supply is U d /2;

如果Sa＝0，则a相桥臂上开关关断，下开关导通，输出极电压为-Ud/2，其他各开关函数与之相同。If S a =0, the upper switch of the a-phase bridge arm is turned off, the lower switch is turned on, and the output voltage is -U d /2, and the other switching functions are the same.

此时，多相逆变器输出极电压用开关函数表示为At this time, the output pole voltage of the multi-phase inverter is expressed by the switching function as

uk0＝SkUd-Ud/2(2)u k0 ＝S k U d -U d /2(2)

五相光伏逆变器输出线电压可以表示为The output line voltage of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter can be expressed as

uu aa bb uu bb cc uu cc dd uu dd ee uu ee aa == Uu dd 11 -- 11 00 00 00 00 11 -- 11 00 00 00 00 11 -- 11 00 00 00 00 11 -- 11 -- 11 00 00 00 11 SS aa SS bb SS cc SS dd SS ee -- -- -- (( 33 ))

五相光伏逆变器输出相电压可以表示为The output phase voltage of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter can be expressed as

uu aa NN uu bb NN uu cc NN uu dd NN uu ee NN == Uu dd 55 44 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 44 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 44 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 44 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 -- 11 44 SS aa SS bb SS dd SS dd SS ee -- -- -- (( 44 ))

因此，电压空间矢量方程为Therefore, the voltage space vector equation is

Uu kk == uu aa NN ++ ee jj 22 ππ 55 nno uu bb NN ++ ee jj 44 ππ 55 uu cc NN ++ ee jj 66 ππ 55 uu dd NN ++ ee jj 88 ππ 55 uu ee NN -- -- -- (( 55 ))

将公式(4)带入到式(5)得，Put formula (4) into formula (5) to get,

Uu kk == 22 55 Uu dd [[ SS aa ++ ee jj 22 ππ 55 SS bb ++ ee jj 44 ππ 55 SS cc ++ ee jj 66 ππ 55 SS dd ++ ee jj 88 ππ 55 SS ee ]] -- -- -- (( 66 ))

根据上述定义，经过计算可以共得到32个不同的电压矢量。大、中、小矢量各10个，另外有2个零矢量，空间电压矢量图如图2所示。它们把空间分成10个扇区。其中，大、中矢量幅值表达式如式(7)式(8)所示。According to the above definition, a total of 32 different voltage vectors can be obtained through calculation. There are 10 large, medium and small vectors each, and 2 zero vectors. The space voltage vector diagram is shown in Figure 2. They divide the space into 10 sectors. Among them, the expressions of the large and medium vector amplitudes are shown in formula (7) and formula (8).

Uu LL == 22 55 Uu dd [[ 11 ++ 22 cc oo sthe s (( 22 55 ππ )) ]] -- -- -- (( 77 ))

Uu Mm == 22 55 Uu dd -- -- -- (( 88 ))

图中每个电压矢量所对应的5位二进制是该矢量的开关函数。其中，大、中、小3种幅值的有效矢量分别对应五相光伏逆变器的不同工作状态，即1/4工作方式、2/3工作方式和伪2/3工作方式。所谓2/3工作方式是指在某一时刻，光伏逆变器上桥臂有两相导通，下桥臂有三相导通或反之，并且上桥臂(或下桥臂)导通的相相邻，会使得合成的电压矢量最大。1/4工作方式与之类似。伪2/3工作方式由于其上桥臂(或下桥臂)同时导通的三相不都相邻，中间存在不导通的相，为防止造成相与相间的励磁干扰，因此应避免使用。The 5-bit binary corresponding to each voltage vector in the figure is the switching function of the vector. Among them, the effective vectors with large, medium and small amplitudes correspond to different working states of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter, namely 1/4 working mode, 2/3 working mode and pseudo 2/3 working mode. The so-called 2/3 working mode means that at a certain moment, the upper bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter has two phases turned on, the lower bridge arm has three phases turned on or vice versa, and the upper bridge arm (or lower bridge arm) is turned on. Adjacent to each other, the resultant voltage vector will be maximized. 1/4 works similarly. Pseudo 2/3 working mode, because the three phases whose upper bridge arm (or lower bridge arm) is conducting at the same time are not adjacent to each other, and there is a non-conducting phase in the middle, in order to prevent excitation interference between phases and phases, it should be avoided. .

本发明采用2/3工作方式和1/4工作方式综合控制，从而使得输出的波形较为平稳。在这种控制方法下，采用一个大矢量、两个中矢量和一个零矢量对扇区中的参考电压进行合成。The present invention adopts comprehensive control of 2/3 working mode and 1/4 working mode, so that the output waveform is relatively stable. Under this control method, a large vector, two medium vectors and a zero vector are used to synthesize the reference voltage in the sector.

下面以第一个扇区为例来进行说明，选择UM1(10000)、UL2(11000)、UM3(01000)和U0(00000)矢量对参考电压Uref进行合成。在第一扇区的作用顺序为UM1(10000)→UL2(11000)→UM3(01000)→U0(00000)→UM3(01000)→UL2(11000)→UM1(10000)。In the following, the first sector is taken as an example for illustration, and the vectors of UM 1 (10000), UL 2 (11000), UM 3 (01000) and U 0 (00000) are selected to synthesize the reference voltage U ref . The order of action in the first sector is UM 1 (10000)→UL 2 (11000)→UM 3 (01000)→U 0 (00000)→UM 3 (01000)→UL 2 (11000)→UM 1 (10000) .

设在一个开关周期Ts内第k个矢量的作用时间为Tk，则在每个扇区内矢量平衡方程为：Assuming that the action time of the kth vector in a switching period T s is T k , then the vector balance equation in each sector is:

TT sthe s Uu rr ee ff == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) Uu LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk Uu Mm KK ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) Uu Mm (( KK ++ 22 )) TT sthe s == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) ++ TT 00 -- -- -- (( 11 ))

根据式(1)，可以得到时间变量TL(k+1)、T(M+2)k、TMk和T0的值，其中，该方式下的PWM波形见图3。According to the formula (1), the values of the time variables T L(k+1) , T (M+2)k , T Mk and T 0 can be obtained, wherein, the PWM waveform in this mode is shown in Fig. 3 .

通过以上的分析可知，本发明的本发明五相光伏逆变器的控制方法主要包括以下步骤：Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the control method of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:

(1)建立五相光伏逆变器的开关方程：S＝[Sa，Sb，Sc，Sd，Se]，其中，Sk＝1表示光伏逆变器a相桥臂上开关导通，下开关关断；Sa＝0表示上开关关断，下开关导通，k＝a、b、c、d或e；(1) Establish the switching equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: S=[S a , S b , S c , S d , S e ], where S k =1 means the switch on the a-phase bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter On, the lower switch is off; S a =0 means the upper switch is off, the lower switch is on, k=a, b, c, d or e;

(2)建立五相光伏逆变器的极电压方程：uk0＝SkUd-Ud/2；(2) Establish the pole voltage equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: u k0 = S k U d -U d /2;

(3)建立五相光伏逆变器的电压矢量方程： (3) Establish the voltage vector equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter:

(4)求出五相光伏逆变器的32个电压矢量。(4) Calculate the 32 voltage vectors of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter.

如图2所示，该32个电压矢量包括大矢量ULi，i为≥1且≤10的整数，中矢量UMj,j为≥1且≤10的整数,小矢量USn(图未示)，n为≥1且≤10的整数，以及两个零矢量U0，其中该32个电压矢量分布成10个扇区，每一个扇区包括两个大矢量、两个中矢量、两个小矢量(图未示)以及一个零矢量；As shown in Figure 2, the 32 voltage vectors include a large vector U Li , i is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, a medium vector U Mj , j is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and a small vector U Sn (not shown in the figure ), n is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and two zero vectors U 0 , wherein the 32 voltage vectors are distributed into 10 sectors, and each sector includes two large vectors, two medium vectors, two small vector (not shown) and a zero vector;

(5)合成参考电压Uref：设参考电压Uref位于第k个扇区，选择UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及一个零矢量U0来合成参考电压Uref；(5) Synthetic reference voltage U ref : Assuming that the reference voltage U ref is located in the kth sector, select U L(k +1), U Mk , U M(k+2) and a zero vector U 0 to synthesize the reference voltage U ref ;

(6)求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间：(6) Calculate the action time of voltage U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 :

设在一个开关周期Ts内第k个矢量的作用时间为Tk，建立第k个扇区内矢量平衡方程：Assuming that the action time of the kth vector in a switching period T s is T k , the vector balance equation in the kth sector is established:

TT sthe s Uu rr ee ff == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) Uu LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk Uu Mm KK ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) Uu Mm (( KK ++ 22 )) TT sthe s == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) ++ TT 00

从而求出TL(k+1)、T(M+2)k、TMk和T0。T L(k+1) , T (M+2)k , T Mk and T 0 are thus obtained.

本发明的五相光伏逆变器具有以下优点：The five-phase photovoltaic inverter of the present invention has the following advantages:

(1)五相控制系统比传统三相系统的调制指数大，因此五相光伏逆变器的线性调制范围更大，直流电源利用率更高；(1) The modulation index of the five-phase control system is larger than that of the traditional three-phase system, so the linear modulation range of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter is larger, and the DC power utilization rate is higher;

(2)五相光伏逆变器输出电压及电流中的谐波分量降低；(2) Harmonic components in the output voltage and current of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter are reduced;

(3)当五相中的一相或几相发生故障时，通过适当的控制，光伏逆变器仍可以将功率启动和运行，系统可靠性高；(3) When one or several phases of the five phases fail, through proper control, the photovoltaic inverter can still start and run the power, and the system reliability is high;

(4)最大限度地提高了光伏逆变器的转化效率和并网容量，同时输出波形较为平稳。(4) The conversion efficiency and grid-connected capacity of the photovoltaic inverter are maximized, and the output waveform is relatively stable at the same time.

以上已详细描述了本发明的较佳实施例，但应理解到，在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改。这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but it should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention after reading the above teaching content of the present invention. These equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims (10)

1.一种五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，所述五相光伏逆变器包括直流断路器、DC/DC变换器、五相逆变桥、五相滤波器以及交流断路器，其中，所述直流断路器的输出端与所述DC/DC变换器的输入端电连接，所述DC/DC变换器的输出端与所述五相逆变桥的输入端电连接，所述五相逆变桥的输出端与所述五相滤波器电连接，以及所述五相滤波器与所述交流断路器电连接。1. A five-phase photovoltaic inverter, characterized in that, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC circuit breaker, a DC/DC converter, a five-phase inverter bridge, a five-phase filter and an AC circuit breaker, wherein , the output end of the DC circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input end of the DC/DC converter, the output end of the DC/DC converter is electrically connected to the input end of the five-phase inverter bridge, and the five-phase The output end of the phase inverter bridge is electrically connected to the five-phase filter, and the five-phase filter is electrically connected to the AC circuit breaker. 2.根据权利要求1所述的五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，所述五相光伏逆变器具有1/4工作方式和2/3工作方式；其中2. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter according to claim 1, wherein the five-phase photovoltaic inverter has a 1/4 working mode and a 2/3 working mode; wherein 所述1/4工作方式是指在某一时刻，所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有一相导通，下桥臂有四相导通，或所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有四相导通，下桥臂有一相导通；以及The 1/4 working mode means that at a certain moment, one phase of the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge is turned on, and four phases of the lower bridge arm are turned on, or the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge is turned on. There are four phases conduction in the arm and one phase conduction in the lower arm; and 所述2/3工作方式是指在某一时刻，所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有两相导通，下桥臂有三相导通，或所述五相逆变桥的上桥臂有三相导通，下桥臂有两相导通。The 2/3 working mode means that at a certain moment, the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge has two-phase conduction, the lower bridge arm has three-phase conduction, or the upper bridge arm of the five-phase inverter bridge The arm has three-phase conduction, and the lower bridge arm has two-phase conduction. 3.根据权利要求2所述的五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，在所述1/4工作方式和2/3工作方式中，上桥臂导通的相相邻，以及下桥臂导通的相相邻。3. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the 1/4 working mode and 2/3 working mode, the upper bridge arm conduction phase is adjacent, and the lower bridge arm Conducted phases are adjacent. 4.根据权利要求1所述的五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，所述五相光伏逆变器还包括SPWM模块和PMU模块，其中所述SPWM模块通过控制线与所述五相逆变桥连接，所述PMU模块通过信号线与所述SPWM模块连接，运行时，所述PMU模块发送指令给所述SPWM模块，所述SPWM模块控制五相逆变桥的IGBT管通断，从而得到期望的电压信号。4. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter according to claim 1, wherein the five-phase photovoltaic inverter also includes a SPWM module and a PMU module, wherein the SPWM module is connected to the five-phase inverter through a control line The PMU module is connected to the SPWM module through a signal line. During operation, the PMU module sends an instruction to the SPWM module, and the SPWM module controls the IGBT tube on-off of the five-phase inverter bridge, thereby Get the desired voltage signal. 5.根据权利要求4所述的五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，所述SPWM模块设有执行以下过程的电路：5. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter according to claim 4, wherein the SPWM module is provided with a circuit that performs the following processes: (1)建立五相光伏逆变器的开关方程：S＝[Sa，Sb，Sc，Sd，Se]，其中，Sk＝1表示光伏逆变器a相桥臂上开关导通、下开关关断，Sk＝0表示上开关关断、下开关导通，其中k＝a，b，c，d，或e；(1) Establish the switching equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: S=[S a , S b , S c , S d , S e ], where S k =1 means the switch on the a-phase bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter Turning on and turning off the lower switch, S k =0 means turning off the upper switch and turning on the lower switch, where k=a, b, c, d, or e; (2)建立五相光伏逆变器的极电压方程：uk0＝SkUd-Ud/2；(2) Establish the pole voltage equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: u k0 = S k U d -U d /2; (3)建立五相光伏逆变器的电压矢量方程： (3) Establish the voltage vector equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: (4)求出五相光伏逆变器的32个电压矢量，该32个电压矢量包括大矢量ULi，i为≥1且≤10的整数，中矢量UMj，j为≥1且≤10的整数,小矢量USn，n为≥1且≤10的整数，以及两个零矢量U0，其中该32个电压矢量分布成10个扇区，每一个扇区包括两个大矢量、两个中矢量、两个小矢量以及一个零矢量；(4) Find 32 voltage vectors of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter, the 32 voltage vectors include the large vector U Li , i is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and the medium vector U Mj , j is ≥ 1 and ≤ 10 Integers, small vector U Sn , n is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and two zero vectors U 0 , where the 32 voltage vectors are distributed into 10 sectors, and each sector includes two large vectors, two a medium vector, two small vectors, and a zero vector; (5)合成参考电压Uref：设参考电压Uref位于第k个扇区，选择UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及一个零矢量来合成参考电压Uref；(5) Synthetic reference voltage U ref : Assuming that the reference voltage U ref is located in the kth sector, select U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and a zero vector to synthesize the reference voltage U ref ; (6)求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间。(6) Calculate the action time of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 . 6.根据权利要求1所述的五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，所述五相光伏逆变器还包括直流EMC滤波器，所述直流EMC滤波器设置在所述直流断路器与所述DC/DC变换器之间，其中所述直流EMC滤波器的输入端与所述直流断路器的输出端电连接，以及所述直流EMC滤波器的输出端与所述DC/DC变换器的输入端电连接。6. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the five-phase photovoltaic inverter also includes a DC EMC filter, and the DC EMC filter is arranged between the DC circuit breaker and the between the DC/DC converters, wherein the input of the DC EMC filter is electrically connected to the output of the DC circuit breaker, and the output of the DC EMC filter is connected to the DC/DC converter The input terminals are electrically connected. 7.根据权利要求1所述的五相光伏逆变器，其特征在于，所述五相光伏逆变器还包括交流EMC滤波器，所述交流EMC滤波器设置于所述五相滤波器和所述交流断路器之间，其中所述交流EMC滤波器的输入端与所述五相滤波器的输出端电连接，以及所述交流EMC滤波器的输出端与所述交流断路器的输入端电连接。7. The five-phase photovoltaic inverter according to claim 1, wherein the five-phase photovoltaic inverter also includes an AC EMC filter, and the AC EMC filter is arranged between the five-phase filter and the Between the AC circuit breakers, wherein the input terminal of the AC EMC filter is electrically connected to the output terminal of the five-phase filter, and the output terminal of the AC EMC filter is connected to the input terminal of the AC circuit breaker electrical connection. 8.一种五相光伏逆变器的控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：8. A control method for a five-phase photovoltaic inverter, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: (1)建立五相光伏逆变器的开关方程：S＝[Sa，Sb，Sc，Sd，Se]，其中，Sk＝1表示光伏逆变器a相桥臂上开关导通，下开关关断；Sa＝0表示上开关关断，下开关导通，k＝a、b、c、d或e；(1) Establish the switching equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: S=[S a , S b , S c , S d , S e ], where S k =1 means the switch on the a-phase bridge arm of the photovoltaic inverter On, the lower switch is off; S a =0 means the upper switch is off, the lower switch is on, k=a, b, c, d or e; (2)建立五相光伏逆变器的极电压方程：uk0＝SkUd-Ud/2；(2) Establish the pole voltage equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: u k0 = S k U d -U d /2; (3)建立五相光伏逆变器的电压矢量方程： (3) Establish the voltage vector equation of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter: (4)求出五相光伏逆变器的32个电压矢量，该32个电压矢量包括大矢量ULi，i为≥1且≤10的整数，中矢量UMj,j为≥1且≤10的整数,小矢量USn，n为≥1且≤10的整数，以及两个零矢量U0，其中该32个电压矢量分布成10个扇区，每一个扇区包括两个大矢量、两个中矢量、两个小矢量以及一个零矢量；(4) Find 32 voltage vectors of the five-phase photovoltaic inverter, the 32 voltage vectors include the large vector U Li , i is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and the medium vector U Mj , j is ≥ 1 and ≤ 10 Integers, small vector U Sn , n is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 10, and two zero vectors U 0 , where the 32 voltage vectors are distributed into 10 sectors, and each sector includes two large vectors, two a medium vector, two small vectors, and a zero vector; (5)合成参考电压Uref：设参考电压Uref位于第k个扇区，选择UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及一个零矢量U0来合成参考电压Uref；(5) Synthetic reference voltage U ref : Assuming that the reference voltage U ref is located in the kth sector, select U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and a zero vector U 0 to synthesize the reference voltage U ref ; (6)求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间。(6) Calculate the action time of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 . 9.根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，通过以下步骤求出电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用时间：9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, the action time of voltage U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 is obtained by the following steps: 设在一个开关周期Ts内第k个矢量的作用时间为Tk，建立第k个扇区内矢量平衡方程：Assuming that the action time of the kth vector in a switching period T s is T k , the vector balance equation in the kth sector is established: TT sthe s Uu rr ee ff == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) Uu LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk Uu Mm KK ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) Uu Mm (( KK ++ 22 )) TT sthe s == TT LL (( kk ++ 11 )) ++ TT Mm kk ++ TT Mm (( kk ++ 22 )) ++ TT 00 从而求出TL(k+1)、T(M+2)k、TMk和T0。T L(k+1) , T (M+2)k , T Mk and T 0 are thus obtained. 10.根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，电压UL(k+1)、UMk、UM(k+2)以及U0的作用顺序为：UMk→UL(k+1)→UM(k+2)→U0→UM(k+2)→UL(k+1)→UMk。10. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that the action sequence of the voltages U L(k+1) , U Mk , U M(k+2) and U 0 is: U Mk → U L(k +1) →U M(k+2) →U 0 →U M(k+2) →U L(k+1) →U Mk .
CN201610169805.8A 2016-03-23 2016-03-23 Five-phase photovoltaic inverter and control method thereof Pending CN105743383A (en)

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