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CN105789180A - Semiconductor element, manufacturing method and stack structure thereof - Google Patents

Semiconductor element, manufacturing method and stack structure thereof Download PDF

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CN105789180A
CN105789180A CN201410778226.4A CN201410778226A CN105789180A CN 105789180 A CN105789180 A CN 105789180A CN 201410778226 A CN201410778226 A CN 201410778226A CN 105789180 A CN105789180 A CN 105789180A
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semiconductor element
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沈文维
陈冠能
柯正达
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Abstract

本发明公开一种半导体元件、制作方法及其堆叠结构,该半导体元件包括一基板、一重布线路层、多个直通硅晶穿孔、一电镀籽晶层、一防氧化层以及一缓冲层。基板具有相对的一第一表面与一第二表面以及多个开孔。重布线路层配置于该第一表面上,而直通硅晶穿孔分别配置于开孔内。电镀籽晶层配置于每一开孔的孔壁与对应的直通硅晶穿孔之间。此外,防氧化层配置于电镀籽晶层与对应的直通硅晶穿孔之间。缓冲层覆盖第一表面并且暴露出重布线路层。此外,一种半导体元件的制造方法以及堆叠结构亦被提及。

The present invention discloses a semiconductor element, a manufacturing method and a stacking structure thereof, wherein the semiconductor element includes a substrate, a redistribution wiring layer, a plurality of through-silicon vias, a plated seed crystal layer, an anti-oxidation layer and a buffer layer. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other and a plurality of openings. The redistribution wiring layer is disposed on the first surface, and the through-silicon vias are respectively disposed in the openings. The plated seed crystal layer is disposed between the hole wall of each opening and the corresponding through-silicon via. In addition, the anti-oxidation layer is disposed between the plated seed crystal layer and the corresponding through-silicon via. The buffer layer covers the first surface and exposes the redistribution wiring layer. In addition, a manufacturing method and a stacking structure of a semiconductor element are also mentioned.

Description

半导体元件、制作方法及其堆叠结构Semiconductor element, manufacturing method and stacked structure thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种半导体元件,且特别是涉及一种具有直通硅晶穿孔的半导体元件,其制作方法及堆叠结构。The present invention relates to a semiconductor element, and in particular to a semiconductor element with TSVs, a manufacturing method and a stacking structure thereof.

背景技术Background technique

随着集成电路与半导体工业技术的快速发展,各种电子元件的制作工艺整合密度的持续增加,其中整合密度的增进来自于最小特征尺寸(minimumfeaturesize)的缩小化,使得更多的元件可整合在有限的芯片面积上。虽然光刻制作工艺在二维集成电路的制作上已有显著的发展,但在二维集成电路上所能达到的元件线路密度有其物理限制。由于随着元件数目的增加,元件之间的内连线数目也随着显著的增加。当内连线的长度与数目增加时,将造成电路的电阻电容延迟(RCdelay)和功率损耗(powerconsumption)明显地上升。因此,电子元件需要新的结构及技术像是三维集成电路(3DIC)来改善前述的问题。在目前的半导体产业中,三维集成电路的技术指的是将芯片垂直重叠并以直通硅晶穿孔(Through-SiliconVias,TSVs)技术来连结其信号,此技术可有效缩短芯片之间的导线距离、缩小元件尺寸并提升运作速度。With the rapid development of integrated circuit and semiconductor industry technology, the integration density of the manufacturing process of various electronic components continues to increase. The increase in integration density comes from the reduction of the minimum feature size (minimum feature size), so that more components can be integrated in limited chip area. Although the lithography process has been significantly developed in the fabrication of two-dimensional integrated circuits, there are physical limits to the density of component circuits that can be achieved on two-dimensional integrated circuits. As the number of components increases, the number of interconnections between components also increases significantly. When the length and number of interconnection wires increase, the RCdelay and power consumption of the circuit will increase significantly. Therefore, electronic components need new structures and technologies such as three-dimensional integrated circuits (3DIC) to improve the aforementioned problems. In the current semiconductor industry, the technology of three-dimensional integrated circuits refers to stacking chips vertically and connecting their signals with Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs) technology, which can effectively shorten the wire distance between chips, Reduce component size and increase operating speed.

三维集成电路使用直通硅晶穿孔连结集成电路之间的高密度垂直堆叠,使得两芯片间距只有数十微米的间距。进一步而言,随着焊球封装技术朝更精细的方向发展,更小的焊球间距意味着每个焊球连接的表面积将更为缩小。因此,相较于采用更大的焊球、具有更宽松间距的情况,三维集成电路在产品可靠度测试上所带来的挑战愈趋严峻。前述的情况也使得三维集成电路制造技术的成本居高不下,尤其是在直通硅晶穿孔的电镀制作工艺上即占了其中极大部分的制作成本。Three-dimensional integrated circuits use through-silicon vias to connect high-density vertical stacks between integrated circuits, so that the distance between two chips is only tens of microns. Furthermore, with the development of solder ball packaging technology in a finer direction, the smaller solder ball pitch means that the surface area of each solder ball connection will be further reduced. Therefore, compared with the case of using larger solder balls and looser spacing, the challenges brought by the product reliability test of the 3D integrated circuit are becoming more and more severe. The aforementioned situation also makes the cost of the three-dimensional integrated circuit manufacturing technology remain high, especially in the electroplating manufacturing process of through-silicon vias, which accounts for a very large part of the manufacturing cost.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目在于提供一种半导体元件,其具有直通硅晶穿孔,以电连接半导体电子装置内的信号。An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device with TSVs for electrically connecting signals in semiconductor electronic devices.

本发明的再一目的在于提供一种半导体元件的制作方法,其利用单一步骤的直通硅晶穿孔电镀的方法同时形成重布线路层、直通硅晶穿孔以及微米凸块。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, which uses a single-step TSV electroplating method to simultaneously form a redistribution wiring layer, a TSV, and a micron bump.

本发明的另一目的在于提供一种半导体元件堆叠结构,其具有多个半导体元件,垂直堆叠于基板上,并且通过多个连接件彼此电连接。Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor element stack structure, which has a plurality of semiconductor elements vertically stacked on a substrate and electrically connected to each other through a plurality of connectors.

为达上述目的,本发明的一实施例提出一种半导体元件包括一基板、一重布线路层、多个直通硅晶穿孔、一电镀籽晶层、一防氧化层以及一缓冲层。基板具有相对的一第一表面与一第二表面,其中该些开孔分别连接第一表面与第二表面。此外,重布线路层配置于第一表面上。再者,直通硅晶穿孔配置于开孔内,并且具有相对的一第一端及一第二端,其中每一直通硅晶穿孔的第一端连接至重布线路层,而第二端突出于第二表面上。电镀籽晶层配置于每一开孔的孔壁与对应的直通硅晶穿孔之间。此外,防氧化层配置于电镀籽晶层与对应的直通硅晶穿孔之间,并且覆盖对应的该些直通硅晶穿孔的第二端。此外,缓冲层覆盖第一表面并且暴露出重布线路层,其中重布线路层具有一第三表面,而缓冲层具有一第四表面,并且第三表面与第四表面相互齐平。To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a semiconductor device including a substrate, a redistribution layer, a plurality of TSVs, an electroplating seed layer, an anti-oxidation layer and a buffer layer. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the openings are respectively connected to the first surface and the second surface. In addition, the redistribution wiring layer is configured on the first surface. Furthermore, the TSV is disposed in the opening and has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, wherein the first end of each TSV is connected to the redistribution wiring layer, and the second end protrudes on the second surface. The electroplating seed layer is disposed between the wall of each opening and the corresponding TSV. In addition, the anti-oxidation layer is disposed between the electroplating seed layer and the corresponding TSVs, and covers the second ends of the corresponding TSVs. In addition, the buffer layer covers the first surface and exposes the redistribution circuit layer, wherein the redistribution circuit layer has a third surface, and the buffer layer has a fourth surface, and the third surface and the fourth surface are flush with each other.

本发明的一实施例提出一种半导体元件的制作方法,包括提供一基板,其中基板具有一第一表面与多个开孔。接着,形成一电镀籽晶层于第一表面上以及开孔的孔壁上。此外,形成一防氧化层于电镀籽晶层上,并且形成多个直通硅晶穿孔于对应的开孔中,其中直通硅晶穿孔具有位于第一表面的一第一端以及相对于第一端的一第二端。接着,形成一重布线路层于第一表面上,其中直通硅晶穿孔的第一端连接至重布线路层。再者,薄化基板相对于第一表面的背侧,薄化后的基板具有相对的第一表面与一第二表面,并且每一直通硅晶穿孔的第二端突出于第二表面上。形成一介电层于第二表面上以及每一直通硅晶穿孔的第二端上。An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, including providing a substrate, wherein the substrate has a first surface and a plurality of openings. Next, an electroplating seed layer is formed on the first surface and on the wall of the hole. In addition, an anti-oxidation layer is formed on the electroplating seed layer, and a plurality of TSVs are formed in the corresponding openings, wherein the TSVs have a first end located on the first surface and opposite to the first end. a second end of . Next, a redistribution circuit layer is formed on the first surface, wherein the first end of the TSV is connected to the redistribution circuit layer. Furthermore, the backside of the substrate is thinned relative to the first surface, the thinned substrate has an opposite first surface and a second surface, and the second end of each TSV protrudes from the second surface. A dielectric layer is formed on the second surface and on the second end of each TSV.

本发明的一实施例提出一种半导体元件堆叠结构,其中该堆叠结构包括一基板、多个半导体元件以及多个连接件。半导体元件相互垂直地堆叠于基板上,其中每一半导体元件包括多个直通硅晶穿孔以及至少一重布线路层。此外,直通硅晶穿孔穿设于每一该些半导体元件中,并且至少一重布线路层配置于其中一个该些半导体元件的一第一表面,并且该至少一重布线路层经由该第一表面与其中一个半导体元件的该些直通硅晶穿孔连接。多个连接件配置于直通硅晶穿孔中以及其中一个半导体元件与基板之间,其中每一半导体元件的直通硅晶穿孔以及重布线路层通过连接件彼此电连接。An embodiment of the present invention provides a stacked structure of semiconductor elements, wherein the stacked structure includes a substrate, a plurality of semiconductor elements, and a plurality of connectors. The semiconductor elements are vertically stacked on the substrate, wherein each semiconductor element includes a plurality of TSVs and at least one RDL. In addition, TSVs are provided in each of the semiconductor elements, and at least one redistribution wiring layer is disposed on a first surface of one of the semiconductor elements, and the at least one redistribution wiring layer is connected to the first surface through the first surface. The TSV connections of one of the semiconductor devices. A plurality of connectors are disposed in the TSVs and between one of the semiconductor elements and the substrate, wherein the TSVs and the RDL of each semiconductor element are electrically connected to each other through the connectors.

基于上述,本发明的半导体元件包括上层的金属线路、下层的微米凸块以及中间的直通硅晶穿孔。在本发明的半导体元件的制作方法中,可以单一的电镀制作工艺同时形成半导体元件的重布线路层、直通硅晶穿孔层以及微米凸块。此外,相较传统半导体元件的黄光光刻制作工艺,本发明半导体元件的制作方法只需一道光掩模程序,并且在电镀直通硅晶穿孔的过程中,即已完成导电微米凸块的防氧化层。因此,本发明的制作方法可大幅地减少光掩模与电镀的制作工艺成本。再者,在本发明基板薄化的制作工艺中,可利用蚀刻技术,显露出直通硅晶穿孔的底部,而利用其作为导电凸块直接与芯片或基板做接合,可有效减少导电凸块的尺寸与间隙,并且使得本发明的半导体元件可应用在微小化的电路设计上。Based on the above, the semiconductor device of the present invention includes an upper layer of metal lines, a lower layer of micron bumps, and a middle TSV. In the manufacturing method of the semiconductor element of the present invention, the redistribution circuit layer, the TSV layer and the micron bump of the semiconductor element can be formed simultaneously in a single electroplating manufacturing process. In addition, compared with the yellow light lithography manufacturing process of the traditional semiconductor element, the manufacturing method of the semiconductor element of the present invention only needs one photomask procedure, and the anti-oxidation layer of the conductive micron bump has been completed during the process of electroplating through-silicon crystal through-holes. . Therefore, the manufacturing method of the present invention can greatly reduce the manufacturing process cost of photomask and electroplating. Furthermore, in the substrate thinning manufacturing process of the present invention, etching technology can be used to reveal the bottom of the through-silicon crystal through hole, and use it as a conductive bump to directly bond with the chip or substrate, which can effectively reduce the thickness of the conductive bump. size and gap, and make the semiconductor element of the present invention applicable to miniaturized circuit design.

为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举实施例,并配合所附的附图作详细说明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明一实施例绘示的半导体元件的剖面示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2A至图2M为本发明一实施例绘示的半导体元件的制作方法的示意图;2A to 2M are schematic diagrams of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3A为本发明另一实施例绘示的半导体元件的剖面示意图;3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

图3B为图3A的半导体元件的堆叠结构的剖面示意图。FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stacked structure of the semiconductor device in FIG. 3A .

符号说明Symbol Description

100:半导体元件100: Semiconductor components

110、210:基板110, 210: Substrate

112:第一表面112: First Surface

114:第二表面114: second surface

116:开孔116: opening

116a:孔壁116a: hole wall

120:重布线路层120: Redistribute the wiring layer

130:直通硅晶穿孔130: TSV

132:第一端132: First End

134:第二端134: second end

140:电镀籽晶层140: electroplating seed layer

150:防氧化层150: anti-oxidation layer

152:黏着层152: Adhesive layer

160:缓冲层160: buffer layer

121:第三表面121: Third Surface

161:第四表面161: Fourth Surface

170:衬垫层170: Underlayment

180:介电层180: dielectric layer

190:图案化光致抗蚀剂层190: Patterned photoresist layer

194:载板194: carrier board

196:离型膜196: release film

200:半导体元件堆叠结构200: Semiconductor element stack structure

230、232:连接件230, 232: connectors

240:绝缘层240: insulating layer

IA:电流IA: current

具体实施方式detailed description

图1是根据本发明一实施例绘示的半导体元件的剖面示意图。请参考图1,半导体元件100包括基板110、重布线路层120、多个直通硅晶穿孔130、电镀籽晶层140、防氧化层150以及缓冲层160。在本实施例中,基板110具有相对的第一表面112与第二表面114以及多个开孔116,其中开孔116分别连接第一表面112与第二表面114。此外,重布线路层(Redistributionlayer,RDL)120配置于第一表面112上。多个直通硅晶穿孔130配置于对应的开孔116中,并且分别具有相对的第一端132与第二端134。在本实施例中,直通硅晶穿孔130的第一端132连接至重布线路层120,而直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134则突出于基板110第二表面114的外部。再者,电镀籽晶层140配置于每一开孔116的孔壁116a与对应的直通硅晶穿孔130之间,在本实施例中,电镀籽晶层140可包括钛铜复合层,并且钛铜复合层进一步包括钛(Ti)层及铜(Cu)层,依序地配置于开孔116的孔壁116a与第一表面112上。然而,本发明并不以此为限,本实施例的电镀籽晶层140也可由其他适合的金属材料所组成。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the semiconductor device 100 includes a substrate 110 , a redistribution wiring layer 120 , a plurality of TSVs 130 , an electroplating seed layer 140 , an anti-oxidation layer 150 and a buffer layer 160 . In this embodiment, the substrate 110 has a first surface 112 and a second surface 114 opposite to each other and a plurality of openings 116 , wherein the openings 116 connect the first surface 112 and the second surface 114 respectively. In addition, a redistribution layer (Redistribution layer, RDL) 120 is disposed on the first surface 112 . A plurality of TSVs 130 are disposed in the corresponding openings 116 and respectively have opposite first ends 132 and second ends 134 . In this embodiment, the first end 132 of the TSV 130 is connected to the redistribution wiring layer 120 , and the second end 134 of the TSV 130 protrudes from the second surface 114 of the substrate 110 . Furthermore, the electroplating seed layer 140 is disposed between the hole wall 116a of each opening 116 and the corresponding TSV 130. In this embodiment, the electroplating seed layer 140 may include a titanium-copper composite layer, and titanium The copper composite layer further includes a titanium (Ti) layer and a copper (Cu) layer, which are sequentially disposed on the hole wall 116 a of the hole 116 and the first surface 112 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the electroplating seed layer 140 in this embodiment may also be composed of other suitable metal materials.

另一方面,本实施例的防氧化层150配置于电镀籽晶层140与对应的直通硅晶穿孔130之间。此外,防氧化层150覆盖对应的直通硅晶穿孔130,并且包括突出的第二端134。在本实施例中,防氧化层150包括金(Au)层,但本发明并不以此为限。在本发明另一个未绘示的实施例中,防氧化层150也可包括其他的防氧化金属材料层例如是镍/钯(Pd)/金或锡(Sn)的复合金属层或是其他可用于导电凸块接合的金属层。此外,在本实施例中,可将例如是镍层的金属层配置于防氧化层150与电镀籽晶层140之间,以作为防氧化层150与电镀籽晶层的黏着层152。另一方面,缓冲层160配置于基板110上,并覆盖基板110的第一表面112,且暴露出重布线路层120。重布线路层120具有一第三表面121,而缓冲层160具有一第四表面161,并且第三表面121与第四表面161相互齐平。On the other hand, the anti-oxidation layer 150 of this embodiment is disposed between the electroplating seed layer 140 and the corresponding TSV 130 . In addition, the anti-oxidation layer 150 covers the corresponding TSV 130 and includes the protruding second end 134 . In this embodiment, the anti-oxidation layer 150 includes a gold (Au) layer, but the invention is not limited thereto. In another unillustrated embodiment of the present invention, the anti-oxidation layer 150 may also include other anti-oxidation metal material layers such as a composite metal layer of nickel/palladium (Pd)/gold or tin (Sn) or other available The metal layer that is bonded to the conductive bump. In addition, in this embodiment, a metal layer such as a nickel layer can be disposed between the anti-oxidation layer 150 and the electroplating seed layer 140 to serve as the adhesion layer 152 between the anti-oxidation layer 150 and the electroplating seed layer. On the other hand, the buffer layer 160 is disposed on the substrate 110 , covers the first surface 112 of the substrate 110 , and exposes the redistribution circuit layer 120 . The redistribution wiring layer 120 has a third surface 121 , and the buffer layer 160 has a fourth surface 161 , and the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 161 are flush with each other.

请再参考图1,在本实施例中,基板110的第一表面112及开孔的116a可配置衬垫层(liner)170,并且衬垫层(liner)170是配置于基板110与电镀籽晶层140之间。此外,介电层180可配置于基板110的第二表面114上以绝缘并保护基板110。此外,在本发明另一个未绘示的实施例中,可进一步配置至少一增层结构于重布线路层120的第三表面121以及缓冲层160的第四表面161上,以增加半导体元件100的布线空间。在本实施例的半导体元件100中,突出于第二表面114的直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134具有防氧化层150包覆,或可完全地包覆。同时,直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134可作为与其他半导体元件或外部装置电连接的导电凸块。本实施例的半导体元件100是直接以直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134作为导电凸块。因此,相较一般半导体元件的导电凸块而言,本实施例的导电凸块除了可具有较为平整的表面之外,导电凸块本身也可具有较小的尺寸,并且导电凸块之间可具有较小的间隙。此外,将本实施例的半导体元件100使用于三维集成电路的堆叠结构中,可进一步缩小整体三维集成电路的体积,并达成电子装置微型化的设计效果。Please refer to FIG. 1 again. In this embodiment, the first surface 112 of the substrate 110 and the opening 116a can be configured with a liner layer (liner) 170, and the liner layer (liner) 170 is configured between the substrate 110 and the plating seed. Between crystal layers 140. In addition, the dielectric layer 180 can be disposed on the second surface 114 of the substrate 110 to insulate and protect the substrate 110 . In addition, in another unillustrated embodiment of the present invention, at least one build-up structure can be further configured on the third surface 121 of the redistribution wiring layer 120 and the fourth surface 161 of the buffer layer 160 to increase the semiconductor device 100 wiring space. In the semiconductor device 100 of the present embodiment, the second end 134 of the TSV 130 protruding from the second surface 114 is covered by the anti-oxidation layer 150 , or can be completely covered. At the same time, the second end 134 of the TSV 130 can serve as a conductive bump electrically connected to other semiconductor elements or external devices. In the semiconductor device 100 of this embodiment, the second end 134 of the TSV 130 is directly used as a conductive bump. Therefore, compared with the conductive bumps of general semiconductor elements, the conductive bumps in this embodiment can have a relatively flat surface, the conductive bumps themselves can also have a smaller size, and the conductive bumps can be spaced between the conductive bumps. with smaller gaps. In addition, using the semiconductor device 100 of this embodiment in a stacked structure of a three-dimensional integrated circuit can further reduce the volume of the overall three-dimensional integrated circuit and achieve the design effect of miniaturization of electronic devices.

图2A至图2M为根据本发明一实施例绘示的半导体元件的制作方法的示意图。请参考图2A,在本实施例中,首先,提供具有多个开孔116的基板110。在本实施例中,基板110可由例如是硅或含硅材质的芯片所组成,其可应用作为半导体元件堆叠结构的内层基板。在图2B的绘示中,本实施例可预先形成衬垫层170于基板110的第一表面112上以及开孔116的孔壁116a上。接着,以例如是溅镀(sputtering)的方式于基板110的第一表面112与孔壁116a上形成电镀籽晶层140。在本实施例中,电镀籽晶层140包括钛铜复合层,并且钛铜复合层可进一步包括钛层及铜层,钛层及铜层依序地溅镀于第一表面112与孔壁116a上。此外,请参考图2C,在基板110的第一表面112上沉积图案化光致抗蚀剂层190。接着,以无电电镀(electrolesselectroplating)的方式,在电镀籽晶层140上电镀金层,以作为防氧化层150。在本实施例中,可进一步于电镀籽晶层140与防氧化层150之间配置例如是镍层的黏着层152。再者,请参考图2D及图2E的绘示,本实施例以电镀的方式形成直通硅晶穿孔130的导电铜柱以及其上的重布线路层120。然后,将图案化光致抗蚀剂层190从第一表面112上移除。2A to 2M are schematic diagrams illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 2A , in this embodiment, firstly, a substrate 110 having a plurality of openings 116 is provided. In this embodiment, the substrate 110 may be composed of, for example, silicon or a chip containing silicon, which may be used as an inner substrate of a stacked structure of semiconductor devices. In the illustration of FIG. 2B , in this embodiment, the liner layer 170 may be pre-formed on the first surface 112 of the substrate 110 and on the wall 116 a of the opening 116 . Next, an electroplating seed layer 140 is formed on the first surface 112 of the substrate 110 and the hole walls 116 a by, for example, sputtering. In this embodiment, the electroplating seed layer 140 includes a titanium-copper composite layer, and the titanium-copper composite layer may further include a titanium layer and a copper layer, and the titanium layer and the copper layer are sequentially sputtered on the first surface 112 and the hole wall 116a superior. In addition, referring to FIG. 2C , a patterned photoresist layer 190 is deposited on the first surface 112 of the substrate 110 . Next, a gold layer is electroplated on the electroplating seed layer 140 by means of electroless electroplating to serve as the anti-oxidation layer 150 . In this embodiment, an adhesive layer 152 such as a nickel layer can be further disposed between the electroplating seed layer 140 and the anti-oxidation layer 150 . Furthermore, please refer to the illustrations in FIG. 2D and FIG. 2E , in this embodiment, the conductive copper pillars through the TSVs 130 and the redistribution wiring layer 120 thereon are formed by electroplating. Then, the patterned photoresist layer 190 is removed from the first surface 112 .

另一方面,请参考图2F,在移除图案化光致抗蚀剂层190之后,再以例如是湿蚀刻(wetetching)的方式移除位于第一表面112上,且未覆盖于重布线路层120底下的电镀籽晶层140。接着,如图2G,在基板110上形成覆盖第一表面112以及重布线路层120的缓冲层(bufferinglayer)160。在本实施例中,缓冲层160的材料可例如是一种聚苯恶唑(polybenzoxazole,PBO)的绝缘保护材料。此外,请参考图2H,在本实施例中,可进一步以例如是机械研磨(mechanicalpolishing)的方式,移除部分的缓冲层160以及部分的重布线路层120,而于重布线路层120与缓冲层160分别形成第三表面121与第四表面161,并且第三表面121与第四表面161相互齐平。再者,请参考图2I,将半导体元件100同时通过第三表面121与第四表面161贴附至载板194上,以进行后续基板110背侧的薄化制作工艺。在本实施例中,可进一步将离型膜196配置于第三表面121及第四表面161与载板194之间,使得载板194后续可通过离型膜196的移除,而顺势由半导体元件100的第三表面121与第四表面161上脱离。本实施例由于前述离型膜196的配置,无需另外使用较为复杂的蚀刻制作工艺,使得整体半导体元件100的制作工艺得以简化,并减少制作工艺成本。On the other hand, please refer to FIG. 2F , after the patterned photoresist layer 190 is removed, the photoresist layer located on the first surface 112 and not covering the redistribution lines is removed by, for example, wet etching. Electroplating seed layer 140 underlying layer 120 . Next, as shown in FIG. 2G , a buffering layer 160 covering the first surface 112 and the redistribution wiring layer 120 is formed on the substrate 110 . In this embodiment, the material of the buffer layer 160 may be, for example, a polybenzoxazole (PBO) insulation protection material. In addition, referring to FIG. 2H , in this embodiment, a part of the buffer layer 160 and a part of the redistribution wiring layer 120 may be further removed by means of, for example, mechanical polishing, and the redistribution wiring layer 120 and the redistribution wiring layer 120 may be further removed. The buffer layer 160 respectively forms the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 161 , and the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 161 are flush with each other. Furthermore, please refer to FIG. 2I , the semiconductor element 100 is attached to the carrier 194 through the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 161 at the same time, so as to perform the subsequent thinning process on the back side of the substrate 110 . In this embodiment, the release film 196 can be further arranged between the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 161 and the carrier 194, so that the carrier 194 can be subsequently removed by the release film 196, and the semiconductor The third surface 121 of the element 100 is separated from the fourth surface 161 . In this embodiment, due to the configuration of the aforementioned release film 196 , there is no need to use a relatively complicated etching process, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the overall semiconductor device 100 and reduces the cost of the manufacturing process.

在本实施例中,请参考图2J,本实施例可通过研磨、化学机械平坦化(ChemicalMechanicalPolarization,CMP)制作工艺以及干蚀刻(dryetching)制作工艺的方式来薄化基板110。基板110相对于第一表面112的背侧经薄化后可形成第二表面114,并且直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134突出于第二表面114,用以形成多个凸出于第二表面114的微米凸块(microbumps)。此外,如图2K,在所形成的微米凸块表面及基板的第二表面114上可形成介电层180,以绝缘并保护基板110的第二表面114。接着,如图2L所示,本实施例再以化学机械平坦化制作工艺来移除所形成的微米凸块部分的衬垫层170以及介电层180,并且以湿蚀刻的方式来移除电镀籽晶层140以及黏着层152,以暴露出多个以防氧化层150覆盖的直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134,并以其作为多个微米凸块。最后,如图2M,移除载板194,即完成整体半导体元件100的制作工艺。在本实施例中,利用直通硅晶穿孔130的单一步骤的电镀填孔方法,可同时完成重布线路层120、直通硅晶穿孔130以及微米凸块的制作。换言之,本实施例可通过单一的电镀制作工艺即同时完成重布线路层120与直通硅晶穿孔130内导电铜柱的制作。此外,通过基板110的薄化,使得直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134可暴露于经薄化后的基板110的第二表面114上,用以作为与外接装置电连接的微米凸块。因此,相较于一般半导体元件的导电凸块形式,本制作方法所形成的微米凸块具有较为平整的表面,以及相对较小的尺寸,有助于增加整体基板110配置的平整度,并缩小凸块与凸块之间的间隙。再者,沉积于开孔116内的防氧化层150可保护直通硅晶穿孔130的导电铜柱。也因此,本实施例的制作方法可有效简化半导体元件100的整体制作工艺,并且进一步地减少半导体元件100的制作成本。In this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2J , in this embodiment, the substrate 110 can be thinned by grinding, chemical mechanical polarization (CMP) process and dry etching (dryetching) process. The back side of the substrate 110 relative to the first surface 112 can be thinned to form the second surface 114, and the second end 134 of the TSV 130 protrudes from the second surface 114 to form a plurality of protrusions on the second surface. Microbumps on surface 114 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 2K , a dielectric layer 180 may be formed on the formed micro-bump surface and the second surface 114 of the substrate to insulate and protect the second surface 114 of the substrate 110 . Next, as shown in FIG. 2L , in this embodiment, the liner layer 170 and the dielectric layer 180 of the formed micro-bump portion are removed by a chemical mechanical planarization process, and the electroplating is removed by wet etching. The seed layer 140 and the adhesive layer 152 are used to expose the second ends 134 of the TSVs 130 covered by the anti-oxidation layer 150 as a plurality of micron bumps. Finally, as shown in FIG. 2M , the carrier 194 is removed, that is, the manufacturing process of the overall semiconductor device 100 is completed. In the present embodiment, the redistribution circuit layer 120 , the TSV 130 and the micron bumps can be completed simultaneously by using the single-step electroplating and filling method of the TSV 130 . In other words, in this embodiment, the fabrication of the redistribution wiring layer 120 and the conductive copper pillars in the TSVs 130 can be completed simultaneously through a single electroplating fabrication process. In addition, through the thinning of the substrate 110 , the second ends 134 of the TSVs 130 can be exposed on the second surface 114 of the thinned substrate 110 to serve as micron bumps electrically connected to external devices. Therefore, compared with the conductive bumps of general semiconductor elements, the micron bumps formed by this manufacturing method have a relatively flat surface and a relatively small size, which helps to increase the flatness of the overall substrate 110 configuration and reduce the size. Bump-to-bump gap. Furthermore, the anti-oxidation layer 150 deposited in the opening 116 can protect the conductive copper pillars of the TSVs 130 . Therefore, the manufacturing method of this embodiment can effectively simplify the overall manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 100 and further reduce the manufacturing cost of the semiconductor device 100 .

图3A是根据本发明另一实施例绘示的半导体元件的剖面示意图。在本实施例中,与前述实施例相同或相似的元件将以相同标号表示,并且于此将不再重复的说明与叙述。请参考图3A,在本实施例中,半导体元件100的直通硅晶穿孔130的第二端134可分别具有连接件232,以使多个半导体元件100之间或是半导体元件100与基板或其他外部装置之间彼此电连接。在本实施例中,连接件232例如是全部或部分由焊锡层或是其他适合接合用的金属所组成。此外,图3B是图3A的半导体元件的堆叠结构的剖面示意图。请参考图3B,半导体元件堆叠结构200包括基板210、多个半导体元件100、至少一重布线路层120以及多个连接件230、232。在本实施例中,多个半导体元件100相互垂直地堆叠于基板210上,并且在另一个未绘示的实施例中,本发明的半导体元件堆叠结构200也可以不同的半导体元件例如是动态随机存取存储器(DynamicRandomAccessMemory,DRAM)、快闪存储器(flashmemory)或是逻辑(logic)元件等相互堆叠而成。此外,如前述实施例的叙述内容,半导体元件100可分别具有多个直通硅晶穿孔130穿设于其中。再者,在本实施例中,至少一重布线路层120以及缓冲层160配置于半导体元件堆叠结构200最上层的半导体元件100的第一表面112上。此外,重布线路层120及缓冲层160分别具有第三表面121与第四表面161,并且第三表面121与第四表面161相互齐平。另一方面,多个连接件230、232分别设置于直通硅晶穿孔130内以及其中一个半导体元件100与基板210之间。在本实施例的堆叠结构200中,连接件230、232可例如是多个焊球与焊锡层,用以电连接半导体元件100的直通硅晶穿孔130以及重布线路层120。FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same or similar elements as those in the previous embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description and description will not be repeated here. Please refer to FIG. 3A. In this embodiment, the second ends 134 of the TSVs 130 of the semiconductor element 100 can respectively have connectors 232, so that a plurality of semiconductor elements 100 or between the semiconductor element 100 and the substrate or other external The devices are electrically connected to each other. In this embodiment, the connecting member 232 is, for example, entirely or partially composed of a solder layer or other metal suitable for bonding. In addition, FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stacked structure of the semiconductor device in FIG. 3A . Please refer to FIG. 3B , the semiconductor device stack structure 200 includes a substrate 210 , a plurality of semiconductor devices 100 , at least one redistribution layer 120 and a plurality of connectors 230 , 232 . In this embodiment, a plurality of semiconductor elements 100 are vertically stacked on the substrate 210, and in another embodiment not shown, the semiconductor element stack structure 200 of the present invention can also be different semiconductor elements such as dynamic random Access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), flash memory (flash memory) or logic (logic) elements are stacked with each other. In addition, as described in the foregoing embodiments, the semiconductor devices 100 may respectively have a plurality of TSVs 130 penetrating therein. Moreover, in this embodiment, at least one redistribution wiring layer 120 and buffer layer 160 are disposed on the first surface 112 of the uppermost semiconductor device 100 of the semiconductor device stack structure 200 . In addition, the redistribution wiring layer 120 and the buffer layer 160 respectively have a third surface 121 and a fourth surface 161 , and the third surface 121 and the fourth surface 161 are flush with each other. On the other hand, a plurality of connecting elements 230 and 232 are respectively disposed in the TSV 130 and between one of the semiconductor devices 100 and the substrate 210 . In the stacked structure 200 of the present embodiment, the connecting elements 230 , 232 can be, for example, a plurality of solder balls and solder layers for electrically connecting the TSV 130 and the redistribution wiring layer 120 of the semiconductor device 100 .

请再参考图3B,在本实施例中,多个半导体元件100之间可进一步配置多层的绝缘层240于多个半导体元件100之间,以及半导体元件堆叠结构200最下层的半导体元件100与基板210之间。在本实施例中,绝缘层240可由例如是苯基环丁烯(benzocyclobutene,BCB)的材料所组成。另一方面,本实施例的基板210可例如是由硅基板或是玻璃基板等材料所组成,并且基板210可具有多个例如是铜凸块的导电凸块220配置于其上。详细而言,在本实施例中,多个垂直堆叠的半导体元件100通过例如是焊球、焊锡或是其他焊接材料的连接件230、232彼此电连接,使得电流IA经由多个直通硅晶穿孔130以及导电凸块220而于多个垂直堆叠的半导体元件100之间传递。因此,通过本实施例的半导体元件堆叠结构200,半导体元件100之间的导线距离可有效的缩短,并且整体半导体装置的体积可进一步的缩小,进而提高整体装置的运作速度。Please refer to FIG. 3B again. In this embodiment, a multi-layer insulating layer 240 can be further arranged between the plurality of semiconductor elements 100, and the semiconductor element 100 at the bottom of the semiconductor element stack structure 200 and the Between the substrates 210. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 240 may be composed of a material such as benzocyclobutene (BCB). On the other hand, the substrate 210 of this embodiment may be made of materials such as a silicon substrate or a glass substrate, and the substrate 210 may have a plurality of conductive bumps 220 such as copper bumps disposed thereon. In detail, in this embodiment, a plurality of vertically stacked semiconductor elements 100 are electrically connected to each other through connection members 230, 232 such as solder balls, solder or other solder materials, so that the current IA passes through a plurality of TSVs 130 and conductive bumps 220 are transferred between a plurality of vertically stacked semiconductor devices 100 . Therefore, through the semiconductor element stack structure 200 of this embodiment, the wire distance between the semiconductor elements 100 can be effectively shortened, and the volume of the overall semiconductor device can be further reduced, thereby increasing the operating speed of the overall device.

综上所述,本发明公开一种半导体元件、其制作方法以及堆叠结构,其中本案的半导体元件堆叠结构包括上层的重布线路层、下层的微米凸块以及中间的直通硅晶穿孔。此外,本发明利用直通硅晶穿孔单一步骤的电镀填孔方式,可同时完成重布线路层、直通硅晶穿孔以及微米凸块的制造,可大幅减低电镀制作工艺的次数与成本,并且本发明的微米凸块在电镀直通硅晶穿孔的过程中,即已完成直通硅晶穿孔的导电铜柱的防氧化层制作。此外,本发明的半导体元件的制作工艺方法,也可将原本两道以上的黄光光刻制作工艺减化为一道。本发明由于上述制作工艺的整合与流程的改善,以及半导体元件的导电凸块的尺寸及其分布间隙大幅的缩小,本发明的半导体元件的结构及制作方法符合目前电子元件及产品尺寸微小化的发展趋势,并可进一地减少半导体元件及其三维堆叠结构的制作成本。To sum up, the present invention discloses a semiconductor device, its manufacturing method and a stacked structure, wherein the semiconductor device stacked structure in this case includes an upper redistribution wiring layer, a lower micron bump, and a through-silicon via in the middle. In addition, the present invention utilizes the single-step electroplating and filling method of through-silicon crystal vias, which can simultaneously complete the redistribution circuit layer, the through-silicon crystal vias, and the manufacture of micron bumps, which can greatly reduce the number and cost of electroplating manufacturing processes, and the present invention In the process of electroplating the through-silicon vias, the anti-oxidation layer of the conductive copper pillars of the through-silicon vias has been completed. In addition, the manufacturing process of the semiconductor element of the present invention can also reduce the original two or more yellow photolithography manufacturing processes into one. In the present invention, due to the integration of the above-mentioned manufacturing process and the improvement of the process, and the size of the conductive bumps of the semiconductor element and their distribution gaps are greatly reduced, the structure and manufacturing method of the semiconductor element of the present invention are in line with the current miniaturization of electronic elements and products. development trend, and can further reduce the manufacturing cost of semiconductor elements and their three-dimensional stacked structures.

虽然结合以上实施例公开了本发明,然而其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域中具有通常知识者,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可作些许的更动与润饰,故本发明的保护范围应当以附上的权利要求所界定的为准。Although the present invention has been disclosed in conjunction with the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (20)

1. a semiconductor element, including:
Substrate, has relative first surface, second surface and multiple perforate, and wherein those perforates connect this first surface and this second surface respectively;
Reroute road floor, be configured on this first surface;
Multiple straight-through silicon wafers are bored a hole, and are configured in those perforates, and are respectively provided with the first relative end and the second end, and this first end of those straight-through silicon wafers of each of which perforation is connected to this rewiring road floor, and this second distal process is on this second surface;
Plating seed layer, is configured between the hole wall of those perforates each and those corresponding straight-through silicon wafers perforation;
Antioxidation coating, is configured between this plating seed layer with those corresponding straight-through silicon wafers perforation, and this antioxidation coating of part covers this second end of corresponding those straight-through silicon wafers perforation;And
Cushion, is configured on this substrate, and covers this first surface, and exposes this rewiring road floor.
2. semiconductor element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this plating seed layer includes titanium copper composite bed, and wherein this titanium copper composite bed includes titanium layer and layers of copper.
3. semiconductor element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this antioxidation coating includes layer gold.
4. semiconductor element as claimed in claim 1, also includes adhesion layer, is configured between this plating seed layer and this antioxidation coating, and wherein this adhesion layer is nickel dam.
5. semiconductor element as claimed in claim 1, also includes dielectric layer, is configured on this second surface and on this second end of respectively those straight-through silicon wafers perforation.
6. semiconductor element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this rewiring road floor has the 3rd surface, and this cushion has the 4th surface, and the 3rd surface is mutually flush with the 4th surface.
7. a manufacture method for semiconductor element, including:
Thering is provided a substrate, wherein this substrate has first surface and multiple perforate;
Form a plating seed layer on this first surface and the hole wall of those perforates;
Form an antioxidation coating on this plating seed layer;
Forming multiple straight-through silicon wafer and bore a hole in those corresponding perforates, wherein the perforation of those straight-through silicon wafers is respectively provided with the first end being positioned on first surface and the second end relative to this first end;
Forming a rewiring road floor on this first surface, this first end of those straight-through silicon wafers of each of which perforation is connected to this rewiring road floor;
This substrate of thinning is relative to the dorsal part of this first surface, and this substrate after thinning has the second surface relative to this first surface, and this second distal process of those straight-through silicon wafers each perforation is for this second surface;And
Form a dielectric layer on this second end that this second surface and those straight-through silicon wafers each are bored a hole.
8. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 7, before being additionally included in this antioxidation coating of formation, forms a patterning photoresist oxidant layer on this first surface, and after forming this rewiring road floor, removes this patterning photoresist oxidant layer.
9. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 8, is additionally included in after removing this patterning photoresist oxidant layer, etches this plating seed layer.
10. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 9, after being additionally included in this plating seed layer of etching, forms a cushion on the first surface.
11. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 10, after being additionally included in this cushion of formation, this cushion of part is removed in the way of mechanical lapping, to expose this rewiring road floor of a part, wherein this rewiring road floor has the 3rd surface, and this cushion has the 4th surface, the 3rd surface and the 4th surface are mutually flush.
12. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 11, also include being attached on a support plate via the 3rd surface and the 4th surface by this substrate, and in forming this dielectric layer after this second surface, remove this support plate.
13. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 7, wherein this plating seed layer includes titanium copper composite bed, and wherein this titanium copper composite bed includes titanium layer and layers of copper.
14. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 7, wherein this antioxidation coating includes layer gold.
15. the manufacture method of semiconductor element as claimed in claim 7, also including forming an adhesion layer between this plating seed layer and this antioxidation coating, wherein this adhesion layer is a nickel dam.
16. a semiconductor element stacked structure, including:
Substrate;
Multiple semiconductor elements, are stacked on this substrate mutual vertically, and those semiconductor elements of each of which include the perforation of multiple straight-through silicon wafer, are arranged in those semiconductor elements each;
At least one rewiring road floor, is configured at a first surface of one of them those semiconductor element, and this at least one rewiring road floor is bored a hole via those straight-through silicon wafers of these those semiconductor elements of first surface and one of them and is connected;And
Multiple connectors, being embedded in the perforation of those straight-through silicon wafers and between one of them those semiconductor elements and this substrate, those straight-through silicon wafers perforation of those semiconductor elements of each of which and this at least one rewiring road floor are electrically connected to each other by those connectors.
17. semiconductor element stacked structure as claimed in claim 16, wherein those connectors include multiple soldered ball and soldering-tin layer.
18. semiconductor element stacked structure as claimed in claim 16, also include multilayer dielectric layer and be respectively arranged between those semiconductor elements.
19. semiconductor element stacked structure as claimed in claim 16, also include insulating barrier, be configured between those semiconductor elements and this substrate.
20. semiconductor element stacked structure as claimed in claim 16, wherein this substrate is a silicon substrate, and this substrate has multiple conductive projection and is configured thereon that.
CN201410778226.4A 2014-08-07 2014-12-15 Semiconductor element, manufacturing method and stack structure thereof Pending CN105789180A (en)

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