CN105840428A - Self-adaption variation paddle vertical shaft wind driven generator with blades provided with flaps - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an adaptive pitch-variable vertical axis wind power generator with blades and flaps. The vertical axis wind power generator related to the present invention adopts the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind power driving device with blades and flaps, and is characterized in that it has a rotation unit and an adjustment unit, and the adjustment unit is arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly of the rotation unit , including a grooved track, a slider and a crank. The slider slides in the grooved track. Through the guidance of the groove, the crank is driven to rotate, and the crank drives the blade flap to automatically deflect a certain angle, so the actual angle of attack of the blade can be actively changed. . Therefore, the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind drive device with blades and flaps has the characteristics of improving the stall characteristics of the blades, improving the aerodynamic performance of the blades and the utilization rate of wind energy.

Description

A self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind turbine with blades and flaps

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and relates to a self-adaptive pitch-variable vertical-axis wind drive device with blades and flaps.

Background technique

China is rich in wind energy resources. Vigorously developing wind power generation is of great significance to adjusting energy structure, ensuring energy security, coping with climate change and promoting sustainable economic and social development. Among them, wind turbines, as key equipment for wind power generation, play an extremely important role in the development of wind power in my country. . However, the periodic change of the angle of attack of the vertical axis wind turbine makes the dynamic stall characteristics of the blades obvious, the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine is affected, and the structural stability and energy harvesting efficiency need to be improved.

When a wind turbine blade rotates, the actual angle of attack of the blade changes. When the angle of attack of the blade is a negative angle of attack, the direction of the torque produced by the blade is opposite to the direction of rotation; when the angle of attack of the blade increases to the stall angle of attack, the gas will no longer adhere to the surface of the blade and flow, and will flow on the suction surface of the blade Separation, and a vortex zone appears at the trailing edge of the suction surface, which is the so-called "stall" phenomenon. When the wind turbine is in a stall state, it not only reduces the aerodynamic efficiency of the blades and affects the energy capture of the wind turbine, but also the noise will suddenly increase, which will cause the vibration of the wind turbine blades and unstable operation. Therefore, it is of great social and economic significance to improve the stall characteristics of wind turbine blades as much as possible, increase the range of wind turbine work, and improve the operating efficiency of wind turbines.

After searching, at present, the passive control method is mainly used to improve the stall characteristics of wind turbine blades. A wind turbine with stall adjustment (application number: 20132055243.1), by adjusting the axis of the blade and the swing axis of the mounting plate to ensure an acute angle on the windward side to achieve the purpose of adjusting the stall, but at this time the cross-sectional shape of the blade It is non-airfoil streamlined, and its aerodynamic performance cannot be guaranteed.

As wind turbines gradually show the trend of large-scale and large-capacity development, the cost required for stall passive control continues to increase. In an adaptive way, based on the principle of stalling and the causes of unstable operation of the wind turbine, it is very important to adopt corresponding designs to improve the stall characteristics and stability of the wind turbine for the stall adjustment and stable and efficient operation of the wind turbine.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and the purpose is to provide a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis wind power generator with blades and flaps, so as to solve the problems of low aerodynamic efficiency and poor self-starting performance of the vertical-axis wind power machine.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind drive device with blades and flaps, which is installed on a wind power generator to drive the rotation shaft of the generator to rotate to generate electricity, and is characterized in that it has: a rotation unit, including: an output The shaft is connected with the rotating shaft; the support frame assembly is fixed on the output shaft to drive the output shaft to rotate, and a plurality of blade assemblies are installed on the outer edge of the support frame assembly respectively; wherein, the blade assembly includes: the blade main body, fixed Installed on the outer edge of the support frame assembly, the blade body has a gap inward from the edge, one end of the gap forms the top of the blade body, and the other end of the gap forms the bottom of the blade body, the top of the blade body and the bottom of the body are parallel to the axis of the blade body respectively A top through hole and a bottom through hole are provided, and the center line of the top through hole coincides with the center line of the bottom through hole. The blade shaft is rotationally connected with the blade body through the top through hole and the bottom through hole. The rotating shaft is installed in the gap of the main body of the blade, the blade flap is rotated by the blade rotating shaft, and the centerline of the blade rotating shaft and the centerline of the output shaft are on the same plane; and the adjustment unit is arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly for adjusting the The angle of the center line of the rotating shaft, the adjustment unit includes: a track, which is elliptical, surrounds the output shaft and is arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly, a slider, which is engaged in the track and slides in the track, and the top center of the slider has a top shaft, crank One end of the crank is fixedly connected to the blade shaft, and the other end is flexibly connected to the slider through the top shaft of the slider, which is used to adjust the angle between the blade flap and the blade shaft.

In the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention, it may also have such a feature: wherein, the cross section of the track is "C" shaped.

In addition, the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the support frame assembly includes a lower support frame parallel to the track, and the lower support frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft by engaging.

In addition, in the vertical axis wind power driving device of the present invention, it may also have such a feature: wherein, the support frame assembly also includes an upper support frame opposite to the lower support frame, and the upper support frame and the output shaft are engaged by means of engagement. Fixed connection.

In addition, in the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention, it may also have such a feature: wherein, the support frame assembly further includes at least one middle support frame opposite to the lower support frame, and the middle support frame and the output shaft are engaged by fixed connection.

In addition, the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the blade main body is a straight blade.

In addition, the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the cross section of the blade main body is a symmetrical airfoil.

In addition, the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the cross section of the blade main body is an asymmetric airfoil.

In addition, in the vertical axis wind power driving device of the present invention, it can also have such a feature: wherein, when the blade flap reaches the optimal rotation angle, the mathematical relationship between the orbital track, the length of the crank, and the centerline of the output shaft to the centerline of the blade shaft The formula is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cd</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; AD</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 180</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}$

β—pitch angle (°);

AC—straight-line distance between the centerline of the track groove and the centerline of the output shaft (m);

AD—the straight-line distance between the centerline of the output shaft and the centerline of the blade shaft (m);

CD—the linear distance between the centerline of the top shaft of the slider and the centerline of the blade shaft (m).

The invention provides a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis wind power generator with blades and flaps, characterized in that it has: a vertical-axis wind drive device with an output shaft, and a generator with a rotating shaft connected with the output shaft to rotate The shaft is rotated by a vertical axis wind drive to generate electricity.

Wherein, the vertical axis wind driving device is an adaptive pitch vertical axis wind driving device with blades and flaps.

Function and Effect of Invention

According to the vertical-axis wind power generator of the present invention, because the vertical-axis wind power drive device with self-adaptive variable pitch of blades and flaps is adopted, an adjustment unit is arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly of the wind power drive device, and the adjustment unit includes a groove track, The slider and the crank, the slider slides in the groove track, through the guidance of the groove, the crank is driven to rotate, and the crank drives the blade flap to automatically deflect a certain angle, so the actual angle of attack of the blade can be actively changed, so the blade has flaps The adaptive pitch vertical axis wind drive device has the characteristics of improving the stall characteristics of the blades, improving the aerodynamic performance of the blades and the utilization rate of wind energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the vertical axis wind power generator that the present invention relates to;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a vertical axis wind drive device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional installation diagram of a blade assembly in the vertical axis wind drive device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram A of the connection mode of the lower end of the blade in the vertical axis wind drive device according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is A-A sectional view shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the slider and the crank in the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the track groove in the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of eccentric trajectory calculation in the vertical axis wind drive device of the present invention. as well as

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the swing of the flaps in the vertical axis wind drive device of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments will specifically illustrate the vertical axis wind drive device involved in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical axis wind power generator involved in the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the vertical axis wind power generator 100 has: a vertical axis wind power driving device 10 and a generator 20 connected to the vertical axis wind power driving device 10 . The generator 20 has a rotating shaft 21 .

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the vertical axis wind driving device of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 2, the vertical axis wind power drive device has: a rotation unit 11 and an adjustment unit 12; the rotation unit 11 includes an output shaft 111, a support frame assembly 112, a plurality of blade assemblies 113, and a key 114; wherein, the output shaft 111 is located at Center of rotation unit 11.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the output shaft 111 is connected to the rotating shaft 21 of the generator 20 .

As shown in Figure 2, the support frame assembly 112 is fixed on the output shaft 111, and it includes an upper support frame 112a, a lower support frame 112b and a middle support frame 112c, and the upper support frame 112a, the lower support frame 112b and the middle support frame 112c are spokes The shape is fixedly connected with the output shaft 111 through the key 114 in an engaging manner, and a plurality of blade assemblies 113 are respectively installed on the outer edge of the support frame assembly 112. The blade assembly 113 includes: blade main body 113a, blade flap 113b, The blade rotating shaft 113c and the blade main body 113a are fixedly installed on the outer edge of the support frame assembly 112 .

As shown in Figure 3, the blade body 113a has a gap inwardly from the edge, one end of the gap forms the top of the blade body, and the other end of the gap forms the bottom of the blade body, and the top of the blade body and the bottom of the body are respectively provided with tops parallel to the axis of the blade body Via and bottom via, top via centerline and bottom via centerline coincident. In this embodiment, the axis of the blade body is parallel to the centerline of the output shaft.

The blade rotating shaft 113c is rotationally connected with the blade main body 113a through the top through hole and the bottom through hole, and the blade flap 113b is fixedly connected with the blade rotating shaft 113c, and is installed in the gap of the blade main body through the blade rotating shaft. The center line and the center line of the output shaft are on the same plane; the keys 114 are respectively located at the joints of the output shaft 111 and the upper support frame 112a, the output shaft 111 and the lower support frame 112b, and the output shaft 111 and the middle support frame 112c, and play a connecting role .

The adjustment unit 12 includes a track groove 121 , a slider 122 and a crank 123 . Wherein, the track groove 121 is elliptical, surrounds the output shaft 111 and is arranged at the lower part of the lower support frame 112b, the slider 122 is engaged in the track 121 and slides in the track 121, and the top center of the slider 122 has a top shaft.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the inner edge of the track groove has a protrusion, which can prevent the sliding block 122 from moving in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 4 , one end of the crank 123 is fixedly connected to the blade rotating shaft 113c, and the other end is connected to the slider 122 for adjusting the angle between the blade flap 113b and the blade rotating shaft 113c.

As shown in FIG. 5 , when the wind-driven device rotates, the flap 113b rotates adaptively around the blade rotation axis 113c, and adjusts the actual angle of attack to the optimum angle of attack.

As shown in FIG. 6 , there is a top shaft at the center of the top of the slider 122 , and the crank 123 and the slider 122 are connected through the top shaft.

As a variant, the blade body 113a is a straight blade with an asymmetric airfoil in cross section.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a six-blade vertical-axis wind drive device is used as a schematic object of a specific embodiment of the present invention. When the incoming wind blows from any direction, the blade main body 113a and the blade flap 113b are pushed by the aerodynamic force to rotate the blade as a whole clockwise, and the support frame assembly 112 is fixedly connected with the blade main body 113a, therefore, the support frame assembly 112 will rotate clockwise, The support frame assembly 112 is connected to the output shaft 111 through a key 114, and the output shaft 111 is pushed to rotate clockwise by the support frame assembly 112, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity.

During the overall rotation of the blade, since the blade shaft 113c connects the blade body 113a, the blade flap 113b and the crank 123, and there is no degree of freedom of rotation between the blade shaft 113c and the crank 123, when the blade body 113a and the blade flap 113b are subjected to aerodynamic force When the action rotates clockwise, the crank 123 will rotate counterclockwise under the force transmitted by the blade shaft 113c. The crank 123 is connected with the slider 122 , and the two have no relative translational freedom, and the crank 123 will rotate counterclockwise around the top axis of the slider 122 . When the blade body 113 a and the blade flap 113 b rotate around the output shaft 111 at any angle, the translational displacement of the crank 123 changes, pushing the slider 122 to slide in the track groove 121 . Since the movement track of the slider 122 is constrained by the track groove 121 , it does not match the translation track of the crank 123 . Therefore, the crank 123 is affected by the trajectory of the slider 122 to rotate around the top axis of the slider 122 . At this time, the crank 123 will drive the blade flap 113b to rotate a certain angle around the centerline of the blade rotating shaft 113c, thereby changing the aerodynamic angle of attack, achieving the purpose of self-adaptive swing, and improving the aerodynamic force output.

The law of adaptive pitching is affected by the trajectory of the groove track 121, the length of the crank 123, and the linear distance from the centerline of the output shaft to the centerline of the blade rotating shaft. Mathematical calculations can be used to constrain the mathematical relationship between the above three factors, so as to determine the rotation angle of the blade flap 113b during the rotation, so as to obtain the global optimal dynamic aerodynamic angle of attack.

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cd</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; AD</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 180</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In the formula:

β—pitch angle (°);

AC—the linear distance from the centerline of the track groove to the centerline of the output shaft (m);

AD—the linear distance from the centerline of the output shaft to the centerline of the blade shaft (m);

CD—the linear distance between the centerline of the top shaft of the slider and the centerline of the blade shaft (m).

As shown in Figure 8, A is a point on the centerline of the output shaft; C is a point on the centerline of the elliptical track groove; D is a point on the centerline of the blade shaft. AC is the straight-line distance from the centerline of the elliptical track groove to the centerline of the output shaft; AD is the straight-line distance from the centerline of the output shaft to the centerline of the blade shaft; CD is the straight-line distance from the centerline of the top shaft of the slider to the centerline of the blade shaft.

Function and effect of embodiment

According to the vertical axis wind power drive device with blades with flaps and self-adaptive variable pitch of the present invention, there is a rotation unit and an adjustment unit, because the adjustment unit is arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly, when the blade rotates around the output shaft at any angle, the crank is flat When the dynamic displacement changes, the slider will be pushed to slide in the groove of the track. Since the motion trajectory of the slider is constrained by the groove, it does not match the translation trajectory of the crank. Therefore, the crank is affected by the trajectory of the slider and rotates around the top axis of the slider. At this time, the crank will drive the blade flap to rotate a certain angle around the centerline of the blade shaft, thereby changing the aerodynamic angle of attack, achieving the purpose of adaptive pitch, and improving the The stall characteristic of the blade improves the aerodynamic performance of the blade and the utilization rate of wind energy.

The above embodiments are preferred cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind-driven device of blade band flap, is installed on the wind-driven generator and is used to drive the rotating shaft of generator to rotate and generate electricity, it is characterized in that, has: Rotary unit, including: output shaft, connected with the rotary shaft, a support frame assembly fixed on the output shaft for driving the output shaft to rotate, a plurality of blade assemblies respectively installed on the outer edge of the support frame assembly, Wherein, the blade assembly includes: The blade main body is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the support frame assembly, and the blade main body has a gap inward from the edge, one end of the gap forms the top of the blade body, and the other end of the gap forms the bottom of the blade body, so The top of the blade main body and the bottom of the main body are respectively provided with a top through hole and a bottom through hole parallel to the axis of the blade main body, the center line of the top through hole coincides with the center line of the bottom through hole, the blade rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the blade main body through the top through hole and the bottom through hole, The blade flap is fixedly connected with the blade rotating shaft, installed in the gap through the blade rotating shaft, the blade flap rotates through the blade rotating shaft, and the center line of the blade rotating shaft is at the center line of the output shaft. on a plane; and an adjustment unit, arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly, for adjusting the angle between the blade flap and the centerline of the blade shaft, The adjustment unit includes: the track is elliptical, surrounds the output shaft and is arranged at the lower part of the support frame assembly, the slider is engaged in the track and slides in the track, the top center of the slider has a top shaft, A crank, one end of the crank is connected to the blade rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the slider through the top shaft, and is used to adjust the angle between the blade flap and the center line of the blade rotating shaft. 2. The wind driven device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein, the cross section of the track is "C" shaped. 3. The wind driven device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein, the support frame assembly includes a lower support frame parallel to the track, and the lower support frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft by engaging. 4. The wind driven device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Wherein, the support frame assembly further includes an upper support frame opposite to the lower support frame, and the upper support frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft by engaging. 5. The wind driven device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Wherein, the support frame assembly further includes at least one middle support frame opposite to the lower support frame, and the middle support frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft by engaging. 6. The wind driven device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein, the blade main body is a straight blade. 7. The wind driven device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Wherein, the cross section of the blade main body is a symmetrical airfoil. 8. The wind driven device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Wherein, the cross section of the blade main body is an asymmetric airfoil. 9. The wind driven device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein, when the blade flap reaches the optimal rotation angle, the mathematical relationship between the track track, the crank length and the centerline of the output shaft to the centerline of the blade shaft is: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cd</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; AD</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&beta;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 180</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}$ β—pitch angle (°); AC—the linear distance (m) between the centerline of the track groove and the centerline of the output shaft; AD—the linear distance (m) between the centerline of the output shaft and the centerline of the blade shaft; CD—the linear distance (m) between the centerline of the top shaft and the centerline of the blade rotating shaft. 10. A self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis wind-driven generator with flaps, characterized in that, has: Wind drive, having an output shaft, The generator has a rotating shaft connected to the output shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind drive device with flaps to generate electricity, Wherein, the wind driving device is the self-adaptive pitch vertical axis wind driving device with blades and flaps described in claims 1-9.