CN106227288A - A kind of time switch and control method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of time switch and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种定时开关及其控制方法，属于电气设备控制领域；该定时开关包括：交变电流断路器、变压器、稳流保护电路、指示电路、继电器、时间控制电路和被控制端；定时开关控制方法包括：交流电源为定时开关供电；交变电流断路器判断电流是否大于交变电流断路器额定电流；变压器对交流电降压；稳流保护电路对低压整流和滤波；指示电路对定时开关工作状态进行显示；时间控制电路倒计时结束后控制继电器导通，继电器常开触点闭合，被控制端得电工作。本发明有助于节约能源，方便操作人员使用，且能延长用电设备的使用寿命。
A timing switch and its control method, belonging to the field of electrical equipment control; the timing switch includes: an alternating current circuit breaker, a transformer, a steady current protection circuit, an indicating circuit, a relay, a time control circuit and a controlled terminal; the timing switch control method Including: AC power supplies power for the timing switch; the alternating current circuit breaker judges whether the current is greater than the rated current of the alternating current circuit breaker; the transformer steps down the alternating current; the steady current protection circuit rectifies and filters the low voltage; Display; after the countdown of the time control circuit ends, the control relay is turned on, the normally open contact of the relay is closed, and the controlled terminal is energized to work. The invention helps to save energy, is convenient for operators to use, and can prolong the service life of electrical equipment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电气设备控制领域，具体涉及一种定时开关及其控制方法。The invention belongs to the field of electrical equipment control, and in particular relates to a timing switch and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着经济的快速发展，人们越来越注重发展中的节能环保、以人为本。一些仪器、设备在使用的过程中会出现所需开启时间与操作人员作息时间矛盾的问题，导致仪器、设备运行结果不能达到预期效果或浪费资源的现象。以道路实验室内沥青混合料加热拌合为例，道路实验室内大型试验仪器具有耗能高、试验周期长的特点。根据我国《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程》JTG E20-2011规定，在拌合沥青混合料之前需要把集料和沥青都加热到一定温度和一段时间后方可拌和，这个加热过程一般需要几个小时的时间，例如，想要在次日早上8:00做沥青混合料拌和试验，如果将混合料在前一天下班时放入烘箱，既浪费能源又缩短仪器的使用寿命，更重要的是加快沥青的老化，正好时间点放入烘箱又是在凌晨，需要有人值守，浪费人力。In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, people pay more and more attention to energy saving and environmental protection and people-oriented in the development. During the use of some instruments and equipment, there will be a contradiction between the required opening time and the operator's work and rest time, resulting in the phenomenon that the operation results of the instruments and equipment cannot achieve the expected results or waste resources. Taking the heating and mixing of asphalt mixture in the road laboratory as an example, the large-scale test equipment in the road laboratory has the characteristics of high energy consumption and long test period. According to the provisions of JTG E20-2011 "Test Regulations for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering" in my country, it is necessary to heat the aggregate and asphalt to a certain temperature and a period of time before mixing the asphalt mixture. This heating process generally takes several For example, if you want to do an asphalt mixture mixing test at 8:00 the next morning, if you put the mixture into the oven when you get off work the day before, it will waste energy and shorten the service life of the equipment. To speed up the aging of asphalt, the right time to put it into the oven is in the early morning, so someone needs to be on duty, which is a waste of manpower.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术存在的不足，本发明提供一种定时开关及其控制方法。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art above, the present invention provides a timing switch and a control method thereof.
本发明的技术方案：Technical scheme of the present invention:
一种定时开关，包括：A timer switch comprising:
交变电流断路器、变压器、稳流保护电路、指示电路、继电器、时间控制电路和被控制端；所述交变电流断路器一端连接交流电源，交变电流断路器另一端分别连接继电器常开触点的一端和变压器高压端正极，继电器常开触点的另一端连接被控制端一端，被控制端另一端连接交流电源；变压器高压端负极连接交流电源，变压器低压端正极通过稳流保护电路分别连接指示电路输入端和继电器输入端，继电器输出端连接时间控制电路输入端，时间控制电路输出端和指示电路输出端分别通过稳流保护电路连接变压器低压端负极。Alternating current circuit breaker, transformer, constant current protection circuit, indicating circuit, relay, time control circuit and controlled terminal; one end of the alternating current circuit breaker is connected to the AC power supply, and the other end of the alternating current circuit breaker is respectively connected to the normally open relay One end of the contact is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage end of the transformer, the other end of the normally open contact of the relay is connected to one end of the controlled end, and the other end of the controlled end is connected to the AC power supply; the negative pole of the high-voltage end of the transformer is connected to the AC power supply, and the positive pole of the low-voltage end of the transformer passes through the constant current protection circuit The input terminal of the indicating circuit and the input terminal of the relay are respectively connected, the output terminal of the relay is connected to the input terminal of the time control circuit, the output terminal of the time control circuit and the output terminal of the indicating circuit are respectively connected to the negative pole of the low voltage terminal of the transformer through the steady current protection circuit.
所述交流电源为市动力电电源。The AC power supply is a city power supply.
所述稳流保护电路包括：晶体整流二极管、电容器、稳压二极管和直流断路器；晶体整流二极管输入端与变压器低压端正极相连，晶体整流二极管输出端分别与电容器的正极板和稳压二极管的输入端相连，电容器的负极板与变压器低压端负极相连，稳压二极管的输出端分别与指示电路的输入端和继电器输入端相连，直流断路器的一端分别与指示电路的输出端和时间控制电路的输出端相连，直流断路器的另一端分别与电容器的负极板和变压器低压端负极相连。The current stabilizing protection circuit includes: a crystal rectifier diode, a capacitor, a Zener diode and a DC circuit breaker; the input terminal of the crystal rectifier diode is connected to the positive pole of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer, and the output terminal of the crystal rectifier diode is connected to the positive plate of the capacitor and the positive pole of the Zener diode respectively. The input terminal is connected, the negative plate of the capacitor is connected with the negative pole of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer, the output terminal of the Zener diode is respectively connected with the input terminal of the indicating circuit and the input terminal of the relay, and one end of the DC circuit breaker is respectively connected with the output terminal of the indicating circuit and the time control circuit The output end of the DC circuit breaker is connected to the output terminal, and the other end of the DC circuit breaker is respectively connected to the negative plate of the capacitor and the negative pole of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer.
所述指示电路包括限流电阻和发光二极管；限流电阻的一端与稳流保护电路相连，限流电阻的另一端与发光二极管输入端相连，发光二极管输出端与稳流保护电路相连。The indicating circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and a light-emitting diode; one end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the steady-current protection circuit, the other end of the current-limiting resistor is connected to the input of the light-emitting diode, and the output of the light-emitting diode is connected to the steady-current protection circuit.
所述时间控制电路包括：单向晶闸管、耦合电容、耦合电阻、倒计时电子计时器和电磁讯响器；单向晶闸管的输入端与继电器输出端相连，单向晶闸管的输出端与耦合电阻一端、电磁讯响器输出端、倒计时电子计时器输出端负极和稳流保护电路相连，单向晶闸管的控制端分别与耦合电容负极板和耦合电阻另一端相连，耦合电容的正极板与电磁讯响器输入端和倒计时电子计时器的输出端正极相连。The time control circuit includes: a one-way thyristor, a coupling capacitor, a coupling resistor, a countdown electronic timer and an electromagnetic sounder; the input end of the one-way thyristor is connected to the output end of the relay, the output end of the one-way thyristor is connected to one end of the coupling resistor, the electromagnetic The output terminal of the sounder and the negative pole of the output terminal of the countdown electronic timer are connected with the steady current protection circuit, the control terminal of the one-way thyristor is respectively connected with the negative plate of the coupling capacitor and the other end of the coupling resistor, and the positive plate of the coupling capacitor is connected with the input terminal of the electromagnetic sounder and The output terminal of the countdown electronic timer is connected to the positive pole.
所述定时开关的控制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：The control method of the timer switch is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
步骤1：交流电源为定时开关供电；Step 1: AC power supplies power to the timer switch;
步骤2：交变电流断路器判断电流是否大于交变电流断路器额定电流，是，切断电路；否则，执行步骤3；Step 2: The alternating current circuit breaker judges whether the current is greater than the rated current of the alternating current circuit breaker, if yes, cut off the circuit; otherwise, perform step 3;
步骤3：变压器对交流电降压，并将降压后的低压电发送给稳流保护电路；Step 3: The transformer steps down the AC power, and sends the reduced low-voltage power to the constant current protection circuit;
步骤4：稳流保护电路对低压电进行整流和滤波后发送给继电器、指示电路和时间控制电路；Step 4: The steady current protection circuit rectifies and filters the low voltage and sends it to the relay, indicating circuit and time control circuit;
步骤5：指示电路对定时开关工作状态进行显示；Step 5: Indicating the circuit to display the working status of the timing switch;
步骤6：时间控制电路倒计时结束后控制继电器导通，继电器常开触点闭合，被控制端得电工作。Step 6: After the countdown of the time control circuit ends, the control relay is turned on, the normally open contact of the relay is closed, and the controlled terminal is energized to work.
有益效果：本发明的一种定时开关及其控制方法与现有技术相比，具有如下优势：Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, a timing switch and its control method of the present invention have the following advantages:
(1)有助于节约能源，方便操作人员使用；(1) Helps to save energy and is convenient for operators to use;
(2)延长用电设备的使用寿命。(2) Extend the service life of electrical equipment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种实施方式的一种定时开关结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a kind of timing switch structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种实施方式的一种定时开关电路原理图，其中，1-稳流保护电路，2-指示电路，3-时间控制电路；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a timing switch circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, 1-steady current protection circuit, 2-indicating circuit, 3-time control circuit;
图3为本发明一种实施方式的一种定时开关外壳图，其中，图3(a)为外壳前面板，图3(b)为外壳后面板，其中，4-倒计时电子计时器，5-发光二极管，6-三相四线制插座，7-直流断路器，8-交变电流断路器，9-三相四线制插头；Fig. 3 is a housing diagram of a timing switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein Fig. 3(a) is the front panel of the housing, and Fig. 3(b) is the rear panel of the housing, wherein, 4-countdown electronic timer, 5- LED, 6-three-phase four-wire socket, 7-DC circuit breaker, 8-alternating current circuit breaker, 9-three-phase four-wire plug;
图4为本发明一种实施方式的一种定时开关及其控制方法流程图；Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a timing switch and a control method thereof in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明另一种实施方式的一种定时开关电路原理图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a timing switch circuit in another embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明另一种实施方式的一种定时开关外壳图，其中，图6(a)为外壳前面板，图6(b)为外壳后面板，其中，10-三相五线制插座，11-三相五线制插头。Fig. 6 is a housing diagram of a timing switch according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein Fig. 6(a) is the front panel of the housing, and Fig. 6(b) is the rear panel of the housing, wherein 10-three-phase five-wire socket , 11-three-phase five-wire plug.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的一种实施方式作详细说明。An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1-2所示，本实施方式的一种定时开关，包括：As shown in Figure 1-2, a timer switch in this embodiment includes:
交变电流断路器QF1、变压器T、稳流保护电路1、指示电路2、继电器K、时间控制电路3、被控制端和外壳；所述交变电流断路器QF1一端连接交流电源，交变电流断路器QF1另一端分别连接继电器常开触点KH的一端和变压器T高压端正极，继电器常开触点KH的另一端连接被控制端一端，被控制端的另一端连接交流电源；变压器T高压端负极连接交流电源，变压器T低压端正极通过稳流保护电路1分别连接指示电路2输入端和继电器K输入端，继电器K输出端连接时间控制电路3输入端，时间控制电路3输出端和指示电路2输出端分别通过稳流保护电路1连接变压器T低压端负极。所述交流电源为市动力电电源。Alternating current circuit breaker QF1, transformer T, steady current protection circuit 1, indicating circuit 2, relay K, time control circuit 3, controlled terminal and casing; one end of the alternating current circuit breaker QF1 is connected to the AC power supply, and the alternating current The other end of the circuit breaker QF1 is respectively connected to one end of the normally open contact KH of the relay and the positive pole of the high voltage end of the transformer T, the other end of the normally open contact KH of the relay is connected to one end of the controlled end, and the other end of the controlled end is connected to the AC power supply; the high voltage end of the transformer T The negative pole is connected to the AC power supply, the positive pole of the low-voltage end of the transformer T is respectively connected to the input terminal of the indicating circuit 2 and the input terminal of the relay K through the steady current protection circuit 1, and the output terminal of the relay K is connected to the input terminal of the time control circuit 3, and the output terminal of the time control circuit 3 and the indicating circuit 2. The output terminals are respectively connected to the negative pole of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer T through the constant current protection circuit 1. The AC power supply is a city power supply.
本实施方式中，T为(200V)380V/12V小型成品电源变压器，被控制端为250V三相四线制交流电插座XS，三相四线制交流电插座XS连接有道路实验室仪器，当继电器K通电，道路实验室仪器通过三相四线制交流电插座XS与交流电源接通；定时开关与交流电源连接采用插头XP；连接三相四线制插座XS和插头XP的电线均选用大电流的铜芯线。In this embodiment, T is a (200V) 380V/12V small-scale finished power transformer, and the controlled terminal is a 250V three-phase four-wire AC socket XS, and the three-phase four-wire AC socket XS is connected to a road laboratory instrument. Power on, the road laboratory instrument is connected to the AC power supply through the three-phase four-wire AC socket XS; the timing switch is connected to the AC power supply using the plug XP; the wires connecting the three-phase four-wire socket XS and the plug XP are all made of high-current copper Wire.
所述稳流保护电路1包括：晶体整流二极管VD2、电容器C2、稳压二极管VD3和直流断路器QF2；晶体整流二极管VD2输入端与变压器T低压端正极相连，晶体整流二极管VD2输出端分别与电容器C2的正极板和稳压二极管VD3的输入端相连，电容器C2的负极板与变压器T低压输出端负极相连，稳压二极管VD3输出端分别与指示电路2的输入端和继电器K输入端相连，直流断路器QF2的输入端分别与指示电路2的输出端和时间控制电路3的输出端相连，直流断路器QF2的输出端分别与电容器C2的负极板和变压器T低压端负极相连。The current stabilization protection circuit 1 includes: a crystal rectifier diode VD2, a capacitor C2, a voltage stabilizer diode VD3 and a DC circuit breaker QF2; the input terminal of the crystal rectifier diode VD2 is connected to the anode of the low voltage terminal of the transformer T, and the output terminal of the crystal rectifier diode VD2 is respectively connected to the capacitor The positive plate of C2 is connected to the input end of the Zener diode VD3, the negative plate of the capacitor C2 is connected to the negative pole of the low-voltage output end of the transformer T, and the output end of the Zener diode VD3 is respectively connected to the input end of the indicating circuit 2 and the input end of the relay K, DC The input terminal of the circuit breaker QF2 is connected to the output terminal of the indicating circuit 2 and the output terminal of the time control circuit 3 respectively, and the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker QF2 is connected to the negative plate of the capacitor C2 and the negative terminal of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer T respectively.
所述指示电路2包括限流电阻R2和发光二极管VD1；限流电阻R2的一端与稳流保护电路1相连，限流电阻R2的另一端与发光二极管VD1输入端相连，发光二极管VD1输出端与稳流保护电路1相连。The indicator circuit 2 includes a current-limiting resistor R2 and a light-emitting diode VD1; one end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the steady-current protection circuit 1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the input end of the light-emitting diode VD1, and the output end of the light-emitting diode VD1 is connected to the input end of the light-emitting diode VD1. The steady current protection circuit 1 is connected.
本实施方式中，VD1为φ5mm普通红色发光二极管；VD2为1N4001型硅整流二极管；VD3为2CW4型稳压二极管；R2为RTX-1/4W型碳膜电阻；C2为CD11-25V型电解电容器。In this embodiment, VD1 is a φ5mm ordinary red light-emitting diode; VD2 is a 1N4001 silicon rectifier diode; VD3 is a 2CW4 voltage regulator diode; R2 is an RTX-1/4W carbon film resistor; C2 is a CD11-25V electrolytic capacitor.
所述时间控制电路3包括：单向晶闸管VS、耦合电容C1、耦合电阻R1、倒计时电子计时器TM和电磁讯响器B；单向晶闸管VS的输入端与继电器K输出端相连，单向晶闸管VS的输出端分别与耦合电阻R1一端、电磁讯响器B输出端、稳流保护电路1输出端和倒计时电子计时器TM输出端负极相连，单向晶闸管VS的控制端分别与耦合电容C1负极板和耦合电阻R1另一端相连，耦合电容C1的正极板分别与电磁讯响器B输入端和倒计时电子计时器TM的输出端正极相连。The time control circuit 3 includes: a one-way thyristor VS, a coupling capacitor C1, a coupling resistor R1, a countdown electronic timer TM and an electromagnetic sounder B; the input end of the one-way thyristor VS is connected to the output end of the relay K, and the one-way thyristor VS The output terminals of the unidirectional thyristor VS are respectively connected to the negative pole of the coupling resistor R1, the output terminal of the electromagnetic sounder B, the output terminal of the steady current protection circuit 1 and the output terminal of the countdown electronic timer TM, and the control terminal of the one-way thyristor VS is respectively connected to the negative plate of the coupling capacitor C1 and The other end of the coupling resistor R1 is connected, and the positive plate of the coupling capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input terminal of the electromagnetic sounder B and the output terminal of the countdown electronic timer TM.
本实施方式中，C1为CT1型瓷介电容器，单向晶闸管VS型号为MCR100-1，R1为RTX-1/4W型碳膜电阻器；K为JQX-4F型中功率电磁继电器，工作电压为12V，触点形式为4H，使用时将4组常开触点全部并联起来，以增大带负载能力。In this embodiment, C1 is a CT1 type ceramic capacitor, the type of one-way thyristor VS is MCR100-1, R1 is an RTX-1/4W type carbon film resistor; K is a JQX-4F type medium power electromagnetic relay, and the working voltage is 12V, the contact form is 4H, all 4 sets of normally open contacts are connected in parallel to increase the load capacity.
如图3所示，本实施方式中，外壳实际尺寸约为250mm×120mm×70mm，如图3(a)所示，外壳前面板固定倒计时电子计时器4且露出其计时器操作面板，并开孔固定发光二极管5、三相四线制插座6、直流断路器7和交变电流断路器8。如图3(b)所示，外壳后面板固定三相四线制插头9。三相四线制插座6和三相四线制插头9之间要安装三相交变电源绝缘板隔开，防止两者直接击穿定时开关。As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the actual size of the housing is about 250mm x 120mm x 70mm. The holes fix the LED 5, the three-phase four-wire socket 6, the DC circuit breaker 7 and the AC circuit breaker 8. As shown in FIG. 3( b ), a three-phase four-wire plug 9 is fixed on the rear panel of the housing. Three-phase four-wire system socket 6 and three-phase four-wire system plug 9 will install three-phase alternating power supply insulating plate to separate, prevent both from directly breaking down the timing switch.
如图4所示，本实施方式定时开关的控制方法，包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 4, the control method of the timer switch in this embodiment comprises the following steps:
步骤1：交流电源为定时开关供电；Step 1: AC power supplies power to the timer switch;
步骤2：交变电流断路器判断电流是否大于交变电流断路器额定电流，是，切断电路；否则，执行步骤3；Step 2: The alternating current circuit breaker judges whether the current is greater than the rated current of the alternating current circuit breaker, if yes, cut off the circuit; otherwise, perform step 3;
步骤3：变压器对交流电降压，并将降压后的低压电发送给稳流保护电路；Step 3: The transformer steps down the AC power, and sends the reduced low-voltage power to the constant current protection circuit;
步骤4：稳流保护电路对低压电进行整流和滤波后发送给继电器、指示电路和时间控制电路；Step 4: The steady current protection circuit rectifies and filters the low voltage and sends it to the relay, indicating circuit and time control circuit;
步骤4-1：降压后的低压电通过晶体整流二极管和电容器进行整流和滤波后发送给稳压二极管和直流断路器；Step 4-1: The stepped-down low-voltage power is rectified and filtered by crystal rectifier diodes and capacitors, and then sent to Zener diodes and DC circuit breakers;
步骤4-2：稳压二极管对整流和滤波后的低压电进行稳流，并发送给指示电路、继电器和时间控制电路；Step 4-2: Zener diode stabilizes the rectified and filtered low-voltage power, and sends it to the indicating circuit, relay and time control circuit;
步骤4-3：直流断路器判断电流是否大于直流断路器额定电流，是，切断电路；否则，执行步骤5；Step 4-3: The DC circuit breaker judges whether the current is greater than the rated current of the DC circuit breaker, if yes, cut off the circuit; otherwise, perform step 5;
步骤5：指示电路对定时开关工作状态进行显示；Step 5: Indicating the circuit to display the working status of the timing switch;
步骤6：时间控制电路倒计时结束后控制继电器导通，继电器常开触点闭合，被控制端得电工作。Step 6: After the countdown of the time control circuit ends, the control relay is turned on, the normally open contact of the relay is closed, and the controlled terminal is energized to work.
步骤6-1：倒计时电子计时器对设定时间倒计时，计时结束后为电磁讯响器供电；Step 6-1: The countdown electronic timer counts down the set time, and supplies power to the electromagnetic sounder after the countdown;
步骤6-2：电磁讯响器通电后控制单向晶闸管控制端导通，继电器通电；Step 6-2: After the electromagnetic sounder is energized, the control terminal of the one-way thyristor is controlled to conduct, and the relay is energized;
步骤6-3：继电器常开触点闭合，被控制端与交流电源接通。Step 6-3: The normally open contact of the relay is closed, and the controlled terminal is connected to the AC power supply.
下面结合附图对本发明的另一实施方式作详细说明。Another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图5所示，本实施方式的一种定时开关，包括：As shown in Figure 5, a timing switch in this embodiment includes:
交变电流断路器QF1、变压器T、稳流保护电路1、指示电路2、继电器K、时间控制电路3、被控制端和外壳；所述交变电流断路器QF1一端连接交流电源，交变电流断路器QF1另一端分别连接继电器常开触点KH的一端和变压器T高压端正极，继电器常开触点KH的另一端连接被控制端一端，被控制端的另一端连接交流电源；变压器T高压端负极连接交流电源，变压器T低压端正极通过稳流保护电路1分别连接指示电路2输入端和继电器K输入端，继电器K输出端连接时间控制电路3输入端，时间控制电路3输出端和指示电路2输出端分别通过稳流保护电路1连接变压器T低压端负极。所述交流电源为市动力电电源。Alternating current circuit breaker QF1, transformer T, steady current protection circuit 1, indicating circuit 2, relay K, time control circuit 3, controlled terminal and casing; one end of the alternating current circuit breaker QF1 is connected to the AC power supply, and the alternating current The other end of the circuit breaker QF1 is respectively connected to one end of the normally open contact KH of the relay and the positive pole of the high voltage end of the transformer T, the other end of the normally open contact KH of the relay is connected to one end of the controlled end, and the other end of the controlled end is connected to the AC power supply; the high voltage end of the transformer T The negative pole is connected to the AC power supply, the positive pole of the low-voltage end of the transformer T is respectively connected to the input terminal of the indicating circuit 2 and the input terminal of the relay K through the steady current protection circuit 1, and the output terminal of the relay K is connected to the input terminal of the time control circuit 3, and the output terminal of the time control circuit 3 and the indicating circuit 2. The output terminals are respectively connected to the negative pole of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer T through the constant current protection circuit 1. The AC power supply is a city power supply.
本实施方式中，T为(200V)380V/12V小型成品电源变压器，被控制端为440V三相五线制交流电插座XS，三相五线制交流电插座XS连接有道路实验室仪器，当继电器K通电，道路实验室仪器通过三相五线制交流电插座XS与交流电源接通；定时开关与交流电源连接采用插头XP；连接三相五线制插座XS和插头XP的电线均选用大电流的铜芯线。In this embodiment, T is a (200V) 380V/12V small-scale finished power transformer, and the controlled terminal is a 440V three-phase five-wire AC socket XS, which is connected to a road laboratory instrument. Power on, the road laboratory instrument is connected to the AC power supply through the three-phase five-wire AC socket XS; the timing switch is connected to the AC power supply using the plug XP; the wires connecting the three-phase five-wire socket XS and the plug XP are all made of high-current copper Wire.
所述稳流保护电路1包括：晶体整流二极管VD2、电容器C2、稳压二极管VD3和直流断路器QF2；晶体整流二极管VD2输入端与变压器T低压端正极相连，晶体整流二极管VD2输出端分别与电容器C2的正极板和稳压二极管VD3的输入端相连，电容器C2的负极板与变压器T低压输出端负极相连，稳压二极管VD3输出端分别与指示电路2的输入端和继电器K输入端相连，直流断路器QF2的输入端分别与指示电路2的输出端和时间控制电路3的输出端相连，直流断路器QF2的输出端分别与电容器C2的负极板和变压器T低压端负极相连。The current stabilization protection circuit 1 includes: a crystal rectifier diode VD2, a capacitor C2, a voltage stabilizer diode VD3 and a DC circuit breaker QF2; the input terminal of the crystal rectifier diode VD2 is connected to the anode of the low voltage terminal of the transformer T, and the output terminal of the crystal rectifier diode VD2 is respectively connected to the capacitor The positive plate of C2 is connected to the input end of the Zener diode VD3, the negative plate of the capacitor C2 is connected to the negative pole of the low-voltage output end of the transformer T, and the output end of the Zener diode VD3 is respectively connected to the input end of the indicating circuit 2 and the input end of the relay K, DC The input terminal of the circuit breaker QF2 is connected to the output terminal of the indicating circuit 2 and the output terminal of the time control circuit 3 respectively, and the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker QF2 is connected to the negative plate of the capacitor C2 and the negative terminal of the low-voltage terminal of the transformer T respectively.
所述指示电路2包括限流电阻R2和发光二极管VD1；限流电阻R2的一端与稳流保护电路1相连，限流电阻R2的另一端与发光二极管VD1输入端相连，发光二极管VD1输出端与稳流保护电路1相连。The indicator circuit 2 includes a current-limiting resistor R2 and a light-emitting diode VD1; one end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the steady-current protection circuit 1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the input end of the light-emitting diode VD1, and the output end of the light-emitting diode VD1 is connected to the input end of the light-emitting diode VD1. The steady current protection circuit 1 is connected.
本实施方式中，VD1为φ5mm普通红色发光二极管；VD2为1N4001型硅整流二极管；VD3为2CW4型稳压二极管；R2为RTX-1/4W型碳膜电阻；C2为CD11-25V型电解电容器。In this embodiment, VD1 is a φ5mm ordinary red light-emitting diode; VD2 is a 1N4001 silicon rectifier diode; VD3 is a 2CW4 voltage regulator diode; R2 is an RTX-1/4W carbon film resistor; C2 is a CD11-25V electrolytic capacitor.
所述时间控制电路3包括：单向晶闸管VS、耦合电容C1、耦合电阻R1、倒计时电子计时器TM和电磁讯响器B；单向晶闸管VS的输入端与继电器K输出端相连，单向晶闸管VS的输出端与分别耦合电阻R1一端、电磁讯响器B输出端、稳流保护电路1输出端和倒计时电子计时器TM输出端负极相连，单向晶闸管VS的控制端分别与耦合电容C1负极板和耦合电阻R1另一端相连，耦合电容C1的正极板分别与电磁讯响器B输入端和倒计时电子计时器TM的输出端正极相连。The time control circuit 3 includes: a one-way thyristor VS, a coupling capacitor C1, a coupling resistor R1, a countdown electronic timer TM and an electromagnetic sounder B; the input end of the one-way thyristor VS is connected to the output end of the relay K, and the one-way thyristor VS The output terminals of the unidirectional thyristor VS are respectively connected to the negative pole of the coupling resistor R1, the output terminal of the electromagnetic sounder B, the output terminal of the steady current protection circuit 1 and the output terminal of the countdown electronic timer TM, and the control terminals of the one-way thyristor VS are respectively connected to the negative plate of the coupling capacitor C1 and The other end of the coupling resistor R1 is connected, and the positive plate of the coupling capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input terminal of the electromagnetic sounder B and the output terminal of the countdown electronic timer TM.
本实施方式中，C1为CT1型瓷介电容器，单向晶闸管VS型号为MCR100-1，R1为RTX-1/4W型碳膜电阻器；K为JQX-4F型中功率电磁继电器，工作电压为12V，触点形式为4H，使用时将4组常开触点全部并联起来，以增大带负载能力。In this embodiment, C1 is a CT1 type ceramic capacitor, the type of one-way thyristor VS is MCR100-1, R1 is an RTX-1/4W type carbon film resistor; K is a JQX-4F type medium power electromagnetic relay, and the working voltage is 12V, the contact form is 4H, all 4 sets of normally open contacts are connected in parallel to increase the load capacity.
如图6所示，本实施方式中，外壳实际尺寸约为250mm×120mm×70mm，如图6(a)所示，外壳前面板固定倒计时电子计时器4且露出其计时器操作面板，并开孔固定发光二极管5、三相四线制插座6、直流断路器7和交变电流断路器8。如图6(b)所示，外壳后面板固定三相五线制插头9。三相五线制插座6和三相五线制插头9之间要安装三相交变电源绝缘板隔开，防止两者直接击穿定时开关。As shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment, the actual size of the housing is about 250mm x 120mm x 70mm. The holes fix the LED 5, the three-phase four-wire socket 6, the DC circuit breaker 7 and the AC circuit breaker 8. As shown in Fig. 6(b), a three-phase five-wire plug 9 is fixed on the rear panel of the housing. A three-phase alternating power supply insulating plate will be installed between the three-phase five-wire system socket 6 and the three-phase five-wire system plug 9 to separate, to prevent the two from directly breaking down the timing switch.
Claims (6)
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