CN106237776B - A kind of device for recovering powder in metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas and technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dust recovery device and process in high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry, comprising a gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device (1) and a ceramic tube filter (2), and the gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device (1) ) to the ceramic tube filter (2). The high-temperature flue gas is passed into the gravity sedimentation + cyclone separation combination device (1) for pre-separation, and the coarse particles captured in the ash hopper (104) can be returned to the melting furnace as raw materials to continue smelting; the pre-separated gas enters the ceramic tube filter (2) Carry out fine separation, when the dust on the ceramic membrane filter element (206) reaches saturation, carry out on-line dust cleaning with on-line pulse injection system and automatic control system, ceramic membrane filter element (206) is regenerated, simultaneously, collect The fine dust is also returned to the melting furnace as a smelting raw material, and the purified gas is vented through the chimney. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable use, high equipment separation efficiency, and is suitable for the dust recovery process in the high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry.

Description

A device and process for recovering dust from high-temperature flue gas in metallurgical industry

technical field

The invention relates to a dust recovery device and process in high-temperature flue gas, in particular to a dust recovery device and process in high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry.

Background technique

Due to the smelting process of the metallurgical industry, including the preparation of raw materials (crushing and screening), melting and smelting, oxygen blowing and other links, it is inevitable to produce a large amount of toxic and harmful high-temperature flue gas, which also contains a large amount of metals and various valuable elements. of particles. If these particles are directly discharged into the atmosphere, they will not only cause serious environmental pollution, but also cause great harm to human health. In addition, from the perspective of comprehensive utilization of resources, some fine dust particles often contain precious elements, even very precious raw materials, such as gold, silver, copper, indium, etc. Recycling these dusts has very considerable economic benefits.

At present, high-temperature flue gas purification equipment can be roughly divided into three categories: cyclone separator, electrostatic precipitator and bag filter. Although the cyclone separator is simple in structure, cheap in price and easy to use, it cannot meet the separation requirements in terms of dust concentration or particle size distribution, but it can be used as a pre-separation device in combination with other forms of separation technology. The electrostatic precipitator has high dust removal efficiency and low pressure loss, but the one-time investment and operation cost are high, and there are also problems such as the sensitivity of the specific resistance of the dust and the gas composition, and the corrosion of the electrode. Therefore, it is not used much in high temperature environments. . The bag filter has high dust removal efficiency, does not cause secondary pollution, and is convenient for direct recovery of dry materials, but there are problems such as large running resistance, easy damage of filter bags, and insufficient acid mist corrosion resistance.

Therefore, it is imperative to develop a purification technology with high efficiency, low resistance and corrosion resistance to solve the problem of dust pollution in the metallurgical industry. Separating fine particles in flue gas can not only greatly reduce the emission of dust into the atmosphere, improve resource utilization, and It is of great significance to environmental protection.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a dust recovery device and process in high temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry with simple process flow, high dust recovery efficiency, low equipment cost and low energy consumption in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a dust recovery device in the high-temperature flue gas of the metallurgical industry, which is characterized in that it includes a gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device and a ceramic tube filter, and the gravity settling + cyclone The separation combination device is connected to the ceramic tube filter. The high-temperature flue gas is passed into the gravity sedimentation + cyclone separation combination device for pre-separation. The pre-separated gas enters the ceramic tube filter for fine separation. Return to melting furnace.

The combined device of gravity settling and cyclone separation includes a gravity settling chamber and a cyclone separator built in it.

Preferably, the gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device is divided into two parts as pre-separation, the gravity settling chamber can capture the coarse particles above 150-200 μm in the flue gas, the cyclone separator can capture the dust above 20 μm, and The collected coarse particles and dust are returned to the melting furnace to continue smelting.

The cyclone separator is a tangential inlet cyclone separator with an upper gap guide baffle, which is suitable for high-temperature working conditions in the metallurgical industry. A flower plate A is arranged on the top of the cyclone separator. The tapered guide baffle is used to make the particles enter the cyclone body with the airflow. When the linear flow changes into a circular flow, the radial separation distance of the particles gradually decreases, which is conducive to the separation of the gas-solid two-phase and improves the dust recovery efficiency. In addition, a certain gap is maintained between the diversion baffle and the cyclone roof, not only the resistance is significantly reduced, but the separation efficiency is also improved to a certain extent. This structural form has good separation performance and is suitable for high-temperature working conditions in the metallurgical industry.

The raw material gas first enters the gravity settling chamber, and the dust with a particle size of 150-200 μm or more in the dust-containing gas is separated due to the settling effect. Subsequently, the dust-laden gas enters the cyclone separator, and the dust with a particle size above 20 μm is almost completely collected.

Preferably, the gravity settling chamber does not have a special space, but utilizes the limited space around the cyclone separator at the lower part of the cylinder, which has a compact structure and saves the entire equipment. Among them, the two plates near the entrance of the gravity settling chamber, the left and right ends are respectively connected with the cylinder body of the gravity settling chamber and the outer cylinder body of the cyclone separator, and the upper end is connected with the flower plate A on the top of the cyclone separator; the other two The left and right ends of the plate are also respectively connected with the gravity settling indoor cylinder and the cyclone outer cylinder, and the upper end is kept at a certain distance from the flower plate A on the top of the cyclone separator. When the dust-laden airflow rushes to the two plates near the entrance of the gravity settling chamber, it has a relatively large inertial force, and the thickest part of the particles is separated. On the two lower partitions, with the help of inertial force and centrifugal force, the finer particles are also separated.

The entrance of the gravity settling chamber is the high-temperature flue gas inlet, and the bottom of the gravity settling chamber is provided with a dust outlet, which is connected to the melting furnace; the bottom of the cyclone separator is provided with an ash hopper, which is connected to the melting furnace. Furnace; the top of the gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device is provided with a pre-separation gas outlet, and the pre-separation gas outlet is connected to a ceramic tube filter.

The ceramic tube filter includes a ceramic membrane filter element, a cylinder, an online pulse injection system and an automatic control system, the ceramic membrane filter element is placed in the cylinder, and the online pulse injection system and the automatic control system The ceramic membrane filter element is connected, the bottom of the cylinder is connected to the melting furnace, and the top is provided with a clean gas outlet. Combines filtration, regeneration and automatic control. The microporous ceramic membrane tube is used as the filter element, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low pressure drop and high strength.

The online pulse injection system and automatic control system include an air bag, an electromagnetic pulse valve, a pulse controller, and a blowing pipe. One end of the electromagnetic pulse valve is connected to the air bag, and the other end is connected to the blowing pipe. The pulse controller controls the opening of the electromagnetic pulse valve. , the blowing pipe is connected to the ceramic membrane filter element.

When the pulse controller sends out a signal (that is, reaches the set time or pressure), the electromagnetic pulse valve will automatically open, and the ceramic membrane filter element will be pulse-cleaned to regenerate the ceramic membrane filter element, and at the same time, the collected dust will be returned to be melted The furnace continued to smelt.

The bottom of the ceramic membrane filter element is closed, and the top opening communicates with the gas collection chamber. The said blowing pipes are distributed in a Y shape, correspondingly inserted into the ceramic membrane filter element with the top opening.

The top of the ceramic membrane filter element and the flower plate B are sealed with high-temperature asbestos rubber pads; the cylinder adopts a cylindrical vault structure to adapt to the unique process conditions of high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry.

Preferably, the ceramic tube filter can trap fine dust above 0.5 μm in the flue gas.

The above-mentioned device is used to recover dust from high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry. The raw materials continue to be smelted; the pre-separated gas enters the ceramic tube filter for fine separation. When the dust on the ceramic membrane filter element reaches saturation, the online pulse injection system and automatic control system are used to clean the dust online, so that the ceramic membrane filter element At the same time, the collected fine dust is also returned to the melting furnace as a smelting raw material, and the purified gas is vented through the chimney.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has ingenious design, simple structure, low cost, reliable use, high equipment separation efficiency, and simple operation. It pioneers the combination of gravity sedimentation + cyclone separation device and ceramic tube filter in series, which can efficiently Recover metal dust in high temperature flue gas in metallurgical industry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the dust recovery in the high-temperature flue gas of the metallurgical industry of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of gravity settling+cyclone separation combination device;

Fig. 3 is the top view of gravity settling+cyclone separation combination device;

Drawing number description: 1-Gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device; 100-Gravity settling chamber; 101-Cyclone separator; 102-Separator; 103-Flower plate A; 104-Ash hopper; - barrel; 201 - air bag; 202 - electromagnetic pulse valve; 203 - pulse controller; 204 - blowing pipe; 205 - flower plate B; 206 - ceramic membrane filter element.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a dust recovery device for high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry includes a gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device 1 and a ceramic tube filter 2. The gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device 1 is connected to a ceramic Tube filter 2.

The gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device 1 is used as a pre-separation and is divided into two parts: a gravity settling chamber 100 and a cyclone separator 101 built in it. The gravity settling chamber 100 can capture the coarse particles of 150-200 μm in the flue gas, and the cyclone separator 101 can capture the dust of 20 μm or more, and return the captured coarse particles and dust to the melting furnace for further smelting.

The ceramic tube filter 2 is a filter with a pulse injection device, which can capture fine dust above 0.5 μm in the flue gas to achieve fine separation. At the same time, it can also be regenerated by the pulse injection device. When the pulse controller 203 sends When the signal (that is, the set time or pressure is reached), the electromagnetic pulse valve 202 is automatically opened to perform pulse cleaning to regenerate the ceramic tube filter 206. At the same time, the collected dust is returned to the melting furnace to continue smelting.

Specifically:

The cyclone separator 101 is a tangential inlet cyclone separator with an upper slit guide baffle suitable for high-temperature working conditions in the metallurgical industry, and a flower plate A103 is arranged on the top of the cyclone separator. The tapered guide baffle is used to make the particles enter the cyclone body with the airflow. When the linear flow changes into a circular flow, the radial separation distance of the particles gradually decreases, which is conducive to the separation of the gas-solid two-phase and improves the dust recovery efficiency. In addition, a certain gap is maintained between the diversion baffle and the cyclone roof, not only the resistance is significantly reduced, but the separation efficiency is also improved to a certain extent. This structural form has good separation performance and is suitable for high-temperature working conditions in the metallurgical industry.

The gravity settling chamber 100 does not have a special space, but utilizes the limited space around the cyclone separator 101 at the lower part of the cylinder, and has a compact structure, saving the space of the entire equipment. Four partitions 102 are arranged in the cylinder body of the gravity settling chamber 100, which are evenly distributed in a ring shape, wherein, the two plates near the entrance of the gravity settling chamber 100, plate a and plate d, are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the gravity settling chamber. The inner cylinder of the chamber 100 is connected with the outer cylinder of the cyclone separator 101, and the upper end is connected with the flower plate A103 on the top of the cyclone separator 101; The inner cylinder of 100 is connected with the outer cylinder of cyclone separator 101, and the upper end is kept at a certain distance from the flower plate A103 on the top of cyclone separator 101. (As shown in Figures 2 to 3) when the dust-laden air rushes to the two plates a and d near the entrance of the gravity settling chamber 100, there is a relatively large inertial force, and the thickest particles are separated, and the other particles follow The air flow bypasses the two plates a and d, and impacts back to the two lower partitions b and c at the rear. With the help of inertial force and centrifugal force, the finer particles are also separated.

The entrance of the gravity settling chamber 100 is the high-temperature flue gas inlet, and the bottom of the gravity settling chamber 100 is provided with a dust outlet, which is connected to the melting furnace; the bottom of the cyclone separator 101 is provided with an ash hopper 104, the ash hopper The bucket 104 is connected to the melting furnace; the top of the gravity settling + cyclone separation combination device 1 is provided with a pre-separated gas outlet, and the pre-separated gas outlet is connected to the ceramic tube filter 2 .

The ceramic tube filter 2 includes a ceramic membrane filter element 206, a cylinder body 200, an online pulse injection system and an automatic control system, which integrates filtration, regeneration and automatic control, and adopts a microporous ceramic membrane tube as a ceramic membrane filter The element 206 has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low pressure drop, and high strength. The ceramic membrane filter element 206 is placed in the cylinder 200. The online pulse injection system and the automatic control system are connected to the ceramic membrane filter element 206. The cylinder The bottom of the body 200 is connected to the melting furnace, and the top is provided with a cleaning gas outlet.

The online pulse injection system and automatic control system include an air bag 201, an electromagnetic pulse valve 202, a pulse controller 203, and a blowing pipe 204. One end of the electromagnetic pulse valve 202 is connected to the air bag 201, and the other end is connected to the blowing pipe 204. The pulse control The meter 203 controls the opening of the electromagnetic pulse valve 202, and the blowing pipe 204 is connected to the ceramic membrane filter element 206. The bottom of the ceramic membrane filter element 206 is closed, and the top opening communicates with the gas collection chamber. The said blowing pipe 204 is distributed in a Y shape, correspondingly inserted into the ceramic membrane filter element 206 with the top opening. The top of the ceramic membrane filter element 206 and the flower plate B205 are sealed with high-temperature asbestos rubber; the cylinder body 200 adopts a cylindrical vault structure to adapt to the unique process conditions of high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry.

The above-mentioned device is used to recover the dust from the high-temperature flue gas in the metallurgical industry. The high-temperature flue gas is passed into the gravity sedimentation + cyclone separation combination device 1 for pre-separation, and the coarse particles captured in the ash hopper 104 can be returned to the melting furnace as raw materials to continue Smelting: the gravity settling chamber 100 can capture the coarse particles above 150-200 μm in the flue gas, the cyclone separator 101 can capture the dust above 20 μm, and return the collected coarse particles and dust to the melting furnace for further smelting. The pre-separated gas enters the ceramic tube filter 2 for fine separation, and the ceramic tube filter 2 can capture fine dust above 0.5 μm in the flue gas. When the dust on the ceramic membrane filter element 206 reaches saturation, the pulse controller 203 sends a signal (that is, reaches the set time or pressure), the electromagnetic pulse valve 202 is automatically opened, and the gas in the air bag 201 is injected into the air through the blowing pipe 204. The ceramic membrane filter element 206 is regenerated, and at the same time, the collected dust is returned to the melting furnace through the bottom of the cylinder 200 to continue smelting, and the purified gas is discharged from the top of the cylinder 200 and emptied through the chimney.

Claims (7)

1. the device for recovering powder in a kind of metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas, which is characterized in that including gravitational settling+cyclonic separation group It attaches together and sets (1) and ceramic tube filter (2), the gravitational settling+cyclonic separation combination unit (1) connects ceramic tube filter (2), high-temperature flue gas is passed through gravitational settling+cyclonic separation combination unit (1) and carries out pre-separation, and the gas after pre-separation enters ceramics Pipe filter (2) carries out smart separation, and purified gas is vented through chimney, and the dust of recycling returns to melting furnace；

The gravitational settling+cyclonic separation combination unit (1) includes gravity settling chamber (100) and is built in whirlwind therein and divides From device (101)；

The cyclone separator (101) is suitable for the tangential with top gap flow apron of metallurgy industry worst hot case Inlet cyclones, cyclone separator top are equipped with card A (103)；

Four pieces of partition boards (102) are set in described gravity settling chamber (100) cylinder, it is annular in shape uniformly distributed, wherein close to gravitational settling The two boards of room (100) import both sides, left and right ends respectively with gravity settling chamber (100) inner cylinder and cyclone separator (101) Outer barrel is connected, and upper end is connected with card A (103) at the top of cyclone separator (101)；Remaining two boards left and right ends also respectively with Gravity settling chamber (100) inner cylinder and cyclone separator (101) outer barrel are connected, upper end and flower at the top of cyclone separator (101) Plate A (103) keeps certain distance.

2. the device for recovering powder in a kind of metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described The import of gravity settling chamber (100) be high-temperature flue gas import, gravity settling chamber (100) bottom is equipped with dust outlet, the powder Dirt outlet is connected to melting furnace；Described cyclone separator (101) bottom is equipped with ash bucket (104), which is connected to molten Change stove；Pre-separation gas is equipped at the top of the gravitational settling+cyclonic separation combination unit (1) to export, pre-separation gas outlet connects It is connected to ceramic tube filter (2).

3. the device for recovering powder in a kind of metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Ceramic tube filter (2) include ceramic film filtering element (206), cylinder (200), line pulse injection system and automatically control System, the ceramic film filtering element (206) are placed in cylinder (200), the line pulse injection system and automatic control System connection ceramic film filtering element (206) processed, the cylinder (200) bottom are connected to melting furnace, and top is equipped with cleaning gas Body exports.

4. the device for recovering powder in a kind of metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described Line pulse injection system and automatic control system include gas bag (201), electromagnetic impulse valve (202), pulse control instrument (203), injection tube (204), electromagnetic impulse valve (202) one terminate gas bag (201), another termination injection tube (204), Pulse Width Control Instrument (203) controls the unlatching of electromagnetic impulse valve (202), the injection tube (204) the connection ceramic film filtering element (206)。

5. the device for recovering powder in a kind of metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described Ceramic film filtering element (206) bottom lock, open top communicates with collection chamber, and the injection tube (204) is in Y types point Cloth, it is corresponding to be inserted into open-topped ceramic film filtering element (206).

6. the device for recovering powder in a kind of metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described Ceramic film filtering element (206) at the top of with card B (205) using high temperature asbestos rubber pad sealing；Cylinder (200) uses cylinder Body vault construction.

7. any described device carries out the work of the dust recycling in metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas in a kind of 1-6 using claim Skill, which is characterized in that high-temperature flue gas is passed through gravitational settling+cyclonic separation combination unit (1) and carries out pre-separation, ash bucket (104) The coarse granule of middle trapping can return to melting furnace to be continued to smelt as raw material；Gas after pre-separation enters ceramic tube filter (2) Smart separation is carried out, when the dust on ceramic film filtering element (206) reaches saturation, with online pulse jet system and automatic control System processed carries out online ash removal, and ceramic film filtering element (206) is made to regenerate, meanwhile, the fine dust of collection also returns to melting furnace work For raw materials for metallurgy, purified gas is vented through chimney.