CN106448400B - Human knee joint bone friction simulation test device - Google Patents

Abstract

A simulating human knee (cap) joint bone friction test device is composed of a crank power mechanism, a connecting rod mechanism, a femur motion mechanism and a tibia motion mechanism. The crank power mechanism provides power output for the entire experimental device; the connecting rod mechanism is responsible for connecting the crank and the rocker (respectively, the femoral motion mechanism and the tibia motion mechanism) for motion transmission, and the connection method is hinge; It swings and rotates left and right in the plane; the tibial motion mechanism produces the up and down displacement, left and right swing and rotation of the tibia in the vertical plane. According to different working conditions such as walking, jogging, fast running, and going upstairs, the present invention can efficiently, massively and multi-task the wear of human knee joints under daily activities by adjusting comprehensive parameters such as rod length, motor speed, air bag air pressure, etc. Simulation experiments of conditions in order to manufacture more ergonomic prostheses and other work.

Description

A simulating human knee joint bone friction test device

technical field

The invention relates to a simulating human knee joint bone friction test device, which belongs to the technical fields of biological machinery and medical treatment.

Background technique

The knee joint is the largest and most complex kinematic joint in the human body, and for prosthetics, the knee joint device is its core component. The structure of the artificial knee joint can be summarized into four categories. The first category is the knee joint with a locking device. This kind of knee joint is equipped with a locking device controlled by a pull wire or a locking rod. When the leg is fully extended, the knee joint is locked. , the typical products are LAPOC, SL0720, etc. from Japan's Imsen Institute of Technology; the second type is the knee joint that can be load-bearing and self-locking (also called load-braking knee or safety knee), and the typical product is PSPC of Bletchford, UK. , TG1011 of Japan Takasaki Prosthetics Co., Ltd.; the third type is multi-axis knee joint with variable instantaneous center of rotation (referred to as multi-axis knee), this type of knee joint is composed of multi-axis linkage mechanism, the most common is four-axis knee Joints, typical products are 3R60 and 3R70 of German Autobock Company. The fourth type is the full-function knee joint, which is actually a multi-axis knee joint, typically TK1100 and TK2000 from American companies.

Compared with developed countries and regions such as the United States, Japan, and Europe, China still has a considerable gap in artificial limb research. There are relatively few universities and research institutes that conduct research and development in this field. Among the major prosthetic manufacturers in China, the current main products still remain in such as swimming type fixed friction knee joint with manual locking device, swimming type Load brake knee joint, single-axis multi-axis, etc. on these products.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide "a simulating human knee joint bone friction test device", according to different working conditions such as walking, jogging, fast running, going upstairs, etc., by adjusting the comprehensive parameters such as the length of the rod, the speed of the motor, the air pressure of the air bag, etc. High-efficiency, large-scale and multi-working conditions simulation experiments are carried out on the wear and tear of the human knee joint in daily activities, so as to manufacture more ergonomic prostheses and other work.

The described device for simulating human knee joint bone friction test is composed of a crank power mechanism, a connecting rod mechanism, a femur motion mechanism and a tibia motion mechanism. The crank power mechanism provides power output for the entire experimental device, and the connecting rod mechanism is responsible for connecting the crank and the rocker, respectively, the femoral motion mechanism and the tibia motion mechanism for motion transmission. The left and right swing and rotation in the inner; the tibial motion mechanism, which produces the up and down displacement, left and right swing and rotation of the tibia in the vertical plane.

The described device for simulating human knee joint bone friction test is characterized in that the crank power mechanism includes a reduction motor, a synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt, a tensioner, a crank, a secondary crank, a crank intermediate shaft and a crank seat, The model of the geared motor is NCH22-400-6CB, which is installed on the right side of the test bench. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley through a key connection, and is driven by the synchronous belt to transmit the torque to the crank mechanism; the tensioning wheel is installed on the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt is placed on the outside of the support frame; the crank and the auxiliary crank are connected by the crank intermediate shaft, the auxiliary crank assists the positioning, and the crank and auxiliary crank are installed on the crank seats on both sides through deep groove ball bearings. A slotted hole is opened on the auxiliary crank, and the crank seat is installed on the support frame.

The described device for simulating human knee joint bone friction test is characterized in that the connecting rod mechanism includes a femoral connecting rod and a tibial connecting rod, the femoral connecting rod includes a connecting rod and a rocker, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with a rod end bearing. The crank intermediate shaft is connected, one end is connected with the rocker by a rod end bearing, and the other end of the rocker is fixed on the connecting plate of the femoral seat; one end of the tibial connecting rod is connected with the crank intermediate shaft by a rod end bearing, and one end is connected with the guide rail seat by a rod end bearing. The connecting rod shaft; the connecting rod material is stainless steel, and the wood-processed handguard is fixed on the middle section of the connecting rod by punching screws.

The described device for simulating human knee joint bone friction test is characterized in that the femoral movement mechanism includes a femur model, a femoral seat, a connecting plate, a bearing seat and a truss, and the femoral seat has 6 threaded holes, which are angularly displaced from each other. , horizontal dislocation, tighten the M6 butterfly bolts to make the femur model and the femoral seat mutually fixed; the connecting plate connects the femoral seat and the bearing seat, the connecting plate has a shaft reaming hole, and is connected with the bearing seat through the shaft and the deep groove ball bearing. There are rocker mounting holes on the board to install the rocker, so that the rocker can be fixedly connected with the femoral motion mechanism. There are mounting holes at the bottom of the connecting plate, which are fixed on the femoral seat by M4×22 cross recessed pan head screws; the truss is installed on the On the support frame, it is used to fix the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixed on the truss by M6×20 cross recessed pan head screws.

The described device for simulating human knee joint bone friction test is characterized in that the tibial motion mechanism includes a tibial model, a tibial seat, a tibial seat bracket, a rail seat, a sliding rail, a slider, a rail rocker, and a rocker seat , rocker seat bracket, U-shaped groove, air bag, air bag mounting plate and angle adjuster, there are 6 threaded holes on the tibial seat, which are angularly dislocated and horizontally dislocated. It is fixedly connected with the tibial seat; the tibial seat bracket connects the tibial seat and the lower part of the guide seat; there is a fixed connecting rod shaft in the middle of the guide seat, which is used to install the rod end bearing; the sliding guide rail is fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the guide seat, A pair of sliders are installed on each; the guide rail rocker is installed in the bearing hole to connect the slider and the rocker seat; the rocker seat is installed on the rocker seat brackets on both sides, and the rocker seat brackets are made of M6×30 cross groove discs The head screw is fixed on the test bench, and there are slots on the rocker seat bracket; one end of the airbag mounting plate is placed in the U-shaped groove through a round pin frame, and the other end is fixed on the angle adjuster through locking bolts; the airbag is placed on the rail seat and Between the airbag mounting plates; the angle adjuster is symmetrically installed on the test bench under the tibial seat, and the angle adjuster is provided with a slot hole.

Among them, the drive motor is a geared motor with model NCH22-400-6CB, and the motor speed can be customized.

Among them, the crank and the auxiliary crank are provided with slotted holes. By adjusting the installation position of the crank intermediate shaft in the slotted holes, the length of the crank is changed, and then the length of the connecting rod is adjusted to simulate the friction test of the human knee joint under different working conditions.

Among them, the guide rail is fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rail seat, a pair of sliders are installed on each, the guide rail rocker is installed in the bearing hole, the slider and the rocker seat are connected, and the rocker seat is installed on the rocker seat brackets on both sides, The rocker seat bracket is fixed on the test bench by M6×30 cross recessed pan head screws, and through the action of the tibial connecting rod, the up and down displacement, left and right swing and rotation of the tibia in the vertical plane are generated.

Among them, the outer dimension of the test bench is 1400mm×700mm×1000mm.

The invention provides a simulating human knee joint bone friction test device, which has the advantages of simple processing, low price and easy realization; good mechanical properties, which can withstand higher test strength and test times; The setting of switching conditions is simple; there are fewer electrical equipment, simple operation and fewer faults.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the crank power mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the femoral movement mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the tibial motion mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1—crank power mechanism, 2—connecting rod mechanism, 3—femoral motion mechanism, 4—tibia motion mechanism, 5—test bench, 6—support frame, 7—deceleration motor, 8—synchronous pulley, 9— Timing belt, 10—Crank intermediate shaft, 11—Secondary crank, 12—Crank, 13—Crank seat, 14—M10×25 socket head cap screws, 15—Tension pulley, 16—M12×45 hexagon head bolts, 17—tibial connecting rod, 18—femoral connecting rod, 19—rod end bearing, 20—rocker, 21—M1.6×5 countersunk head screw, 22—connecting rod, 23—handguard, 24—femur model , 25—femoral seat, 26—M4×22 cross recessed pan head screw one, 27—truss, 28—M6×20 cross recessed pan head screw, 29—bearing seat, 30—deep groove ball bearing, 31—connecting plate, 32—M6 wing bolt, 33—angle adjuster, 34—airbag mounting plate, 35—airbag, 36—rail seat, 37—connecting rod shaft, 38—tibial seat bracket, 39—tibial seat, 40—tibia model, 41—M4×22 cross recessed pan head screw II, 42—slider, 43—rail rocker, 44—slide rail, 45—rocker seat, 46—U-shaped slot, 47—M6×30 cross recessed pan head screw , 48 - rocker seat bracket, 49 - locking bolt.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a simulating human knee joint bone friction test device is composed of a crank power mechanism 1, a connecting rod mechanism 2, a femoral motion mechanism 3 and a tibia motion mechanism 4. The crank power mechanism 1 provides power output for the entire experimental device; the connecting rod mechanism 2 is responsible for connecting the crank 12 and the rocker (respectively, the femoral motion mechanism 3 and the tibia motion mechanism 4) for motion transmission. The connection method is hinged; the femoral motion mechanism 3, to generate the left and right swing and rotation of the femur in the vertical plane, and the tibial movement mechanism 4 to generate the up and down displacement, left and right swing and rotation of the tibia in the vertical plane.

As shown in Figure 2, the crank power mechanism 1 includes a reduction motor 7, a timing pulley 8, a timing belt 9, a tensioning pulley 15, a crank 12, a secondary crank 11, a crank intermediate shaft 10 and a crank seat 13, a reduction motor The model of 7 is NCH22-400-6CB, which is installed on the right side of the test bench 5 through M12×45 hexagon head bolts 16. The motor output shaft is fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley 8 through the C-type key, and is transmitted through the synchronous belt 9 to transfer the torque. to the crank mechanism 12 . In order to improve the transmission stability of the synchronous belt 9 , a tensioning mechanism of the tensioning pulley 15 needs to be installed, and the tensioning pulley 15 is installed on the support frame 6 on one side of the synchronous belt 9 . The timing belt 8 is placed on the outer side of the support frame 6; the crank 12 and the auxiliary crank 11 are connected through the crank intermediate shaft 10, the auxiliary crank 11 assists in positioning, and the crank 12 and the auxiliary crank 11 are installed on the crank seats 13 on both sides through the deep groove ball bearings 30. , the crank 12 and the auxiliary crank 11 are provided with slotted holes. By adjusting the installation position of the crank intermediate shaft 10 in the slotted hole, the length of the crank 12 can be adjusted. on the side support frame 6.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the connecting rod mechanism 2 includes a femoral connecting rod 18 and a tibial connecting rod 17 , the femoral connecting rod 18 includes a connecting rod 22 and a rocker rod 20 , and one end of the connecting rod 22 uses a rod end bearing 19 and a crank intermediate shaft 10 connection, one end is connected with the rocker 20 by the rod end bearing 19, and the other end of the rocker 20 is fixed on the connecting plate 31 of the femoral mounting seat by M1.6×5 countersunk head screws 21. One end of the tibial connecting rod 17 is connected to the crank intermediate shaft 10 by a rod end bearing 19 , and one end is connected to the connecting rod shaft 37 on the guide rail seat 36 by a rod end bearing 19 . By rotating the femoral connecting rod 18 and the tibial connecting rod 17 and the corresponding rod end bearing 19, the length of each connecting rod can be adjusted. The connecting rod material is stainless steel. The wood-processed handguard 23 is fixed to the middle section of the two connecting rods by screws to increase the torque during adjustment.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the femoral motion mechanism 3 includes a femoral model 24, a femoral seat 25, a connecting plate 31, a bearing seat 29 and a truss 27. There are 6 threaded holes on the femoral seat 25, which are mutually angularly dislocated and horizontally dislocated. Tighten the M6 wing bolts 32 to fasten the femoral model 24 and the femoral seat 25 to each other. The connecting plate 31 connects the femoral seat 25 and the bearing seat 29. The connecting plate 31 has a shaft reaming hole, which is connected with the bearing seat 29 through the shaft and the deep groove ball bearing 30. The connecting plate 31 has a mounting hole for the rocker 20 for installing the rocker. The rod 20 is used to fix the rocker 20 with the femoral motion mechanism 3. There are installation holes at the bottom of the connecting plate 31, which are installed and fixed on the femoral seat 25 through M4×22 cross recessed pan head screws-26; the truss 27 is installed on the support frame 6 , used to fix the bearing seat 29 , the bearing seat 29 is fixed on the truss 27 by M6×20 cross recessed pan head screws 28 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the tibial motion mechanism 4 includes a tibial model 40, a tibial seat 39, a tibial seat bracket 38, a rail seat 36, a sliding rail 44, a slider 42, a rail rocker 43, a rocker seat 45, a rocker The rod holder bracket 48, the U-shaped groove 46, the air bag 35, the air bag mounting plate 34 and the angle adjuster 33, there are 6 threaded holes on the tibial seat 39, which are angularly dislocated and horizontally dislocated. Tighten the M6 butterfly bolts to make the tibia model 40 and the The tibial sockets 39 are fixedly connected to each other; the tibial socket brackets 38 are connected to the tibial sockets 39 and the lower guide rail sockets 36 through M4×22 cross recessed pan head screws 41 . There is a fixed shaft inside the middle of the guide rail seat 36 for installing the rod end bearing 19 . The sliding guide rail 44 is fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rail seat 36 by M4×22 cross recessed pan head screws 41 , and a pair of sliding blocks 42 are installed on each of them. A deep groove ball bearing 30 is arranged in the sliding block 42 , and the guide rail rocker 43 connects the sliding block 42 and the rocker base 45 through the deep groove ball bearing 30 . The rocker seat 45 is installed in the slot holes of the rocker seat brackets 48 on both sides through M6×20 cross recessed pan head screws. The rocker seat brackets 48 are fixed on the test bench 5 by M6×30 cross recessed pan head screws 47 . One end of the airbag mounting plate 34 is framed in the U-shaped groove 46 through a round pin, and one end is fixed on the angle adjuster 33 through a locking bolt 49 . The airbag 35 is placed between the guide rail seat 36 and the airbag mounting plate 34, and the air pressure of the airbag 35 can be adjusted according to the test conditions. The angle adjuster 33 is provided with a slot and is symmetrically installed on the test table 5 below the tibial seat 39 .

During the test of the present invention, according to different working conditions such as walking, jogging, fast running, and going upstairs, by adjusting the comprehensive parameters such as the length of the rod, the speed of the motor, and the air pressure of the airbag, the wear of the knee joint of the human body under daily activities is efficiently and effectively performed. A large number of simulation experiments with multiple working conditions in order to manufacture more ergonomic prostheses and other work.

Claims (3)

1. A simulating human knee joint bone friction test device is composed of a crank power mechanism (1), a connecting rod mechanism (2), a femoral motion mechanism (3) and a tibia motion mechanism (4), and is characterized in that: the crank power mechanism (1) Provide power output for the entire experimental device; the connecting rod mechanism (2) is responsible for connecting the crank (12) and the rocker, and the femoral motion mechanism (3) and the tibia motion mechanism (4) are respectively used for motion transmission. It is hinged; the femoral motion mechanism (3) produces left and right swing and rotation of the femur in the vertical plane, and the tibia motion mechanism (4) produces the up and down displacement, left and right swing and rotation of the tibia in the vertical plane; The crank power mechanism (1) includes a reduction motor (7), a timing pulley (8), a timing belt (9), a tensioning wheel (15), a crank (12), a secondary crank (11), and a crank intermediate shaft (10) and crank seat (13), the model of the geared motor (7) is NCH22-400-6CB, installed on the right side of the test bench (5), the motor output shaft is fixedly connected with the synchronous pulley (8) through a key connection, Driven by the synchronous belt (9), the torque is transmitted to the crank (12) mechanism; the tensioning pulley (15) is installed on the support frame (6) on one side of the synchronous belt (9); the synchronous pulley (8) is placed on the The outer side of the support frame (6); the crank (12) and the auxiliary crank (11) are connected through the crank intermediate shaft (10), the auxiliary crank (11) assists the positioning, and the crank (12) and the auxiliary crank (11) are installed through deep groove ball bearings On the crank seat (13) on both sides, the crank (12) and the auxiliary crank (11) are provided with slotted holes, and the crank seat (13) is installed on the support frame (6); by adjusting the crank intermediate shaft (10) in the slot The installation position in the hole, change the length of the crank (12), and then adjust the length of the connecting rod, so as to simulate the friction test of the human knee joint under different working conditions; The connecting rod mechanism (2) includes a femoral connecting rod (18) and a tibial connecting rod (17), and the femoral connecting rod (18) includes a connecting rod (22) and a rocking rod (20). The rod end bearing (19) is connected with the crank intermediate shaft (10), one end is connected with the rocker (20) by the rod end bearing (19), and the other end of the rocker (20) is fixed on the connecting plate (31) of the femoral seat; One end of the tibial connecting rod (17) is connected to the crank intermediate shaft (10) by a rod end bearing (19), and one end is connected to the connecting rod shaft (37) on the guide rail seat (36) by a rod end bearing (19); the connecting rod material is stainless steel , the wood-processed handguard (23) is fixed on the middle section of the connecting rod by punching screws; The femoral motion mechanism (3) includes a femur model (24), a femoral seat (25), a connecting plate (31), a bearing seat (29) and a truss (27), and the femoral seat (25) has six threaded holes , mutual angular dislocation, horizontal dislocation, tighten the M6 wing bolts (32) so that the femoral model (24) and the femoral seat (25) are fixed to each other; the connecting plate (31) connects the femoral seat (25) and the bearing seat (29) , There is a shaft reaming hole on the connecting plate (31), which is connected with the bearing seat (29) through the shaft and the deep groove ball bearing (30), and there is a rocker (20) mounting hole on the connecting plate (31) for installing the rocker. (20), so that the rocker (20) is fixedly connected with the femoral motion mechanism (3). The bottom of the connecting plate (31) has mounting holes, which are installed and fixed on the femoral seat (25) through M4×22 cross recessed pan head screws (26). ); the truss (27) is installed on the support frame (6) for fixing the bearing seat (29), and the bearing seat (29) is fixed on the truss (27) by M6×20 cross recessed pan head screws (28); The tibial motion mechanism (4) includes a tibia model (40), a tibial seat (39), a tibial seat bracket (38), a guide rail seat (36), a sliding guide rail (44), a slider (42), and a guide rail rocker (43), rocker seat (45), rocker seat bracket (48), U-shaped groove (46), air bag (35), air bag mounting plate (34) and angle adjuster (33), tibia seat (39) There are 6 threaded holes on it, which are angularly and horizontally misaligned. Tighten the M4×22 cross recessed pan head screw II (41) to fasten the tibial seat bracket (38) and the tibial seat bracket (39) to each other; the tibial seat bracket (38) The tibia seat (39) and the lower guide seat (36) are connected; there is a fixed connecting rod shaft (37) in the middle of the rocker seat (45) for installing the rod end bearing (19); the sliding guide rail (44) ) is fixed on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rail seat (36), and a pair of sliders (42) are installed on each of them; the guide rail rocker (43) is installed in the bearing hole to connect the slider (42) and the rocker seat (45); The rod seat (45) is installed on the rocker seat brackets (48) on both sides, and the rocker seat bracket (48) is fixed on the test bench (5) by M6×30 Phillips pan head screws (47). The bracket (48) is provided with a slot hole; one end of the air bag mounting plate (34) is framed in the U-shaped groove (46) by a round pin, and one end is fixed on the angle adjuster (33) by a locking bolt (49); 35) is placed between the guide rail seat (36) and the air bag mounting plate (34); the angle adjuster (33) is symmetrically installed on the test bench (5) below the tibial seat (39), and the angle adjuster (33) has a slot; According to different working conditions of walking, jogging, fast running, and going upstairs, by adjusting the comprehensive parameters of rod length, motor speed, and air bag air pressure, a simulation experiment is carried out on the wear of human knee joints under daily activities. 2. A simulating human knee joint bone friction test device according to claim 1, wherein the geared motor (7) is a geared motor whose model is NCH22-400-6CB, and the motor speed can be customized. 3 . The test device for simulating human knee joint bone friction according to claim 1 , wherein the external dimension of the test bench is 1400mm×700mm×1000mm. 4 .

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