CN106542848B - Daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic manufacturing, in particular to a daily-use porous composite ceramic with thermal insulation performance and a manufacturing method thereof. This kind of daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance and its manufacturing method first proposed the concept of daily-use porous ceramic tableware, and pioneered the application of porous ceramic preparation technology to the production of daily-use ceramic tableware; its preparation process is simple and the raw materials It has strong universality and greatly improves the production efficiency; the prepared ceramic products have a composite structure of "dense ceramics/porous ceramics/dense ceramics", making its strength meet daily needs; a large number of fine particles are introduced into the ceramic matrix Evenly distributed pores, the product has light weight and heat preservation performance, which improves the added value of daily-use ceramics; red mud is used as a raw material, and its recycling application is currently extremely limited, and the rational use of red mud as a raw material has truly achieved "Turning waste into treasure" has considerable social and economic benefits.

Description

Daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic manufacturing, in particular to a daily-use porous composite ceramic with thermal insulation performance and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Traditional daily-use ceramics such as ceramic cups, dinner plates, and ceramic pots are mostly close to compact, so the heat preservation effect is poor, and the hot water and food contained in them are easy to cool. If the thermal insulation performance of this type of product can be greatly improved, the cooling rate of hot water and food will be effectively slowed down, and people will not burn their hands when holding these tableware filled with hot water. In order to solve the above problems, there are currently some hollow ceramic cups prepared by some ceramic producers using the method of grouting in male and female molds to improve the heat insulation performance of daily-use ceramics, but this method can only use the grouting molding process , the production efficiency is low, and the hollow structure reduces the strength of the ceramic cup.

Ceramics with a porous structure have good thermal insulation properties due to the introduction of air with low thermal conductivity into the ceramic matrix, and will not affect its use strength, and the introduction of pores reduces the amount of china clay, which can also save precious china clay resources . In addition, compared with dense ceramics, porous ceramics can effectively reduce the density of products, and the light-weight feel increases the added value of daily-use ceramics. Thus, it is of great significance to develop lightweight porous ceramics with porous structure. There are many studies on porous ceramic plates and porous ceramic tiles in the construction field, but there are few reports on the use and preparation of daily-use ceramics with porous structures.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a daily-use porous composite ceramic with thermal insulation performance and its manufacturing process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a daily-use porous composite ceramic with thermal insulation performance, which is characterized in that: the parts by weight of the green body raw materials are as follows: 20-50 parts of bentonite, 30-60 parts of kaolin, 10-30 parts of red mud share.

Optimally, the parts by weight of the green body raw materials are as follows: 30 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of kaolin, and 20 parts of red mud.

Optimally, the parts by weight of the green body raw materials are as follows: 40 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of kaolin, and 10 parts of red mud.

Optimally, the parts by weight of the green body raw materials are as follows: 30 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of kaolin, and 30 parts of red mud.

A preparation method for daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation properties, the preparation of the above-mentioned daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation properties, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1, mixing, mixing and ball-milling the green body raw materials, passing through a 200-500 mesh screen, and mixing with a pore-forming agent and water to form a slurry;

Step 2, dispensing, adding a dispersant and a binder to the slurry to prepare a suspension with a solid phase content of 40wt%-70wt%;

Step 3, negative pressure degassing: Stir the suspension with a mixer to mix the pore-forming agent and green body raw materials evenly while performing negative pressure degassing, and then pass it into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain green body raw materials and pore-forming uniformly mixed clay;

Step 4, forming: the green body raw material is made into a green body by roll forming or grouting;

Step 5, sizing: spraying or dip-coating the inner and outer surfaces of the dry billet with a kaolin slurry with a solid content of 30wt%-50wt% of the dry billet after the billet is dried;

Step 6, glazing: glazing the outer surface of the green body after drying again;

Step 7, firing: firing after the glaze water is dried.

Optimally, in step 1, the pore-forming agent is one or more of hollow ceramic microbeads, spherical water-soluble plastic powder, and water-soluble starch, and the particle size of the pore-forming agent is 30 μm-1000 μm. The volume ratio of the pore agent is 0.5-2.0.

Optimally, the dispersant in step 2 is one or more of 0.3%-0.8% sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, water glass or ammonium citrate.

Optimally, the binder in step 2 is one of 0.4%-1.2% PVA, CMC, Isobam or arbitrarily mixed.

Optimally, the firing temperature in step 7 is 1310-1350°C, and the temperature is kept at 400°C-600°C for 0.5-5h.

The optimized and prepared porous composite ceramics for daily use have a thickness of 2mm-20mm, closed pores as the main pore structure, and a porosity of 30%-65%.

From the above description of the present invention, it can be seen that the daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: First, the concept of daily-use porous ceramic tableware is proposed for the first time, and the porous ceramic tableware is pioneered. The preparation technology is applied to the production of daily-use ceramic tableware; second, the preparation process is simple, and this process has strong universality for raw materials with different components, especially the rolling forming method can be used, which greatly improves the production efficiency; The prepared product has a composite structure of "dense ceramics/porous ceramics/dense ceramics" similar to a sandwich, making its strength meet daily needs; fourth, due to the introduction of a large number of small and uniformly distributed pores in the ceramic matrix, the product It has the performance of light weight and heat preservation, which improves the added value of daily-use ceramics; fifth, red mud as one of the raw materials has certain plasticity, and reasonable addition will not affect its molding effect, and the discharge of red mud is huge. At present, its recycling application It is limited, and the rational use of red mud as a raw material has achieved "turning waste into treasure" in a true sense, and has considerable social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the water cup made of daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance in this embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of M in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

With reference to Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, the daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance provided by the present invention is characterized in that: the parts by weight of the green body raw materials are as follows: 20-50 parts of bentonite, 30-60 parts of kaolin, red Mud 10-30 parts.

As shown in the figure, the above-mentioned porous composite ceramics for daily use are used to make a ceramic water cup, which includes a cup body 1, a hole wall 2, pores 3, and a surface dense layer 4 formed by a kaolin coating and a glaze layer.

Specific embodiment one:

The daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance have the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of kaolin, and 20 parts of red mud.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation properties is as follows:

Step 1, mixing, mixing and ball-milling the green body raw materials and passing through a 300-mesh sieve, mixing the green body raw materials, 100um water-soluble PMMA and water according to the volume ratio of 20%, 40%, and 40% to form a slurry;

Step 2, dispensing, adding 0.5% sodium hexamethanoate and 0.5% sodium carboxyhydroxycellulose to the slurry to prepare a suspension with a total solid volume fraction of 60wt%;

Step 3, negative pressure degassing: use a mechanical mixer to stir the concentrated suspension evenly while performing negative pressure degassing, then immediately pass it into a filter press for press filtration, and then pass it into a filter press for press filtration to obtain green body raw materials Mud uniformly mixed with pore forming agent;

Step 4, forming: the mud blank is rolled and formed into a cup shape as shown in Figure 1;

Step 5, sizing: use kaolin with D50=3.4 μm to prepare a slurry with a mass fraction of 40wt% by adding 0.5% water glass as a dispersant, and spray the inner and outer surfaces of the dry body with kaolin slurry after the body is dried , and then dried at normal temperature and pressure;

Step 6, glazing: After the green body is dried again, apply special white glaze evenly by dipping;

Step 7, firing: After the glaze water is dried, put the green body into the kiln and burn it until it is formed. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: 2°C/min. The rate is raised to 500°C, kept at this temperature for 1 hour, and then 5°C/min The temperature was raised to 1330°C at a rate of h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a porous ceramic thermos cup with a porosity of 61%.

Specific embodiment two:

The daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance have the following parts by weight of raw materials: 40 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of kaolin, and 10 parts of red mud.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation properties is as follows:

Step 1, mixing, the green body raw materials are mixed and ball milled and passed through a 300-mesh sieve, and the green body raw materials, 100um hollow ceramic microspheres and water are mixed into a slurry at a volume ratio of 25%, 35%, and 40%, wherein the hollow ceramic The microbeads are coal gangue or alumina hollow microspheres;

Step 2, dispensing, adding 0.3%-0.5% citric acid and 0.3% CMC to the slurry to prepare a suspension with a total solid phase volume fraction of 50wt%;

Step 3, negative pressure degassing: use a mechanical mixer to stir the concentrated suspension evenly while performing negative pressure degassing, then immediately pass it into a filter press for pressure filtration, and then immediately perform grouting;

Step 4, forming: demoulding after 2 hours and drying at normal temperature and pressure;

Step 5, sizing: use kaolin with D50=3.4 μm to prepare a slurry with a mass fraction of 40wt% by adding 0.5% water glass as a dispersant, and spray the inner and outer surfaces of the dry body with kaolin slurry after the body is dried , and then dried at normal temperature and pressure;

Step 6, glazing: After the green body is dried again, apply transparent glaze evenly by dipping;

Step 7, firing: After the glaze water is dried, put the green body into the kiln and burn until it is formed. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: 2°C/min. The rate is raised to 500°C, kept at this temperature for 2 hours, and then 5°C/min The temperature was raised to 1350°C at a rate of h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a porous ceramic thermos cup with a porosity of 47%.

Specific embodiment three:

The daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation performance have the following parts by weight of raw materials: 30 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of kaolin, and 30 parts of red mud.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned daily-use porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation properties is as follows:

Step 1, mixing, mixing and ball-milling the green body raw materials and passing through a 300-mesh sieve, mixing the green body raw materials, water-soluble starch with a median diameter of 30 μm, and water at a volume ratio of 25%, 25%, and 50% to form a slurry;

Step 2, dispensing, adding 0.5% sodium hexamelate and 0.5% CMC to the slurry to prepare a suspension with a total solid volume fraction of 60wt%;

Step 3, negative pressure degassing: use a mechanical mixer to stir the concentrated suspension evenly while performing negative pressure degassing, and then immediately pass it into a filter press for pressure filtration to obtain a mud base that is evenly mixed with the raw material of the base body and starch;

Step 4, forming: the mud blank is rolled and formed into a cup shape as shown in Figure 1 and dried at normal temperature and pressure;

Step 5, sizing: use kaolin with D ₅₀ =3.4 μm to prepare a slurry with a mass fraction of 40wt% by adding 0.5% water glass as a dispersant, and use kaolin slurry on the inner and outer surfaces of the dry body after the green body is dried. Spraying, and then drying at normal temperature and pressure;

Step 6, Glazing: After the green body is dried again, apply the "Chinese Red" glaze evenly by dipping;

Step 7, firing: After the glaze water is dried, put the green body into the kiln and burn until it is formed. The firing temperature is controlled as follows: 2°C/min. The rate is raised to 400°C, kept at this temperature for 0.5h, and then heated at 5°C The temperature was raised to 1310° C. at a rate of /h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a porous ceramic thermos cup with a porosity of 49%.

The above are only three specific implementations of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial changes made to the present invention by using this concept should be an act of violating the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the preparation method of the daily porous composite ceramics with thermal insulation property, it is characterised in that: daily porous composite ceramics The parts by weight of blank raw material are as follows: 20-50 parts of bentonite, 30-60 parts of kaolin, 10-30 parts of red mud；

Specific step is as follows for preparation method:

Step 1, it mixes, 200-500 mesh screen will be crossed after blank raw material mixing and ball milling, be mixed into slurry with pore former plus water；

Step 2, it makes up a prescription, dispersing agent and binder making is added into slurry into the suspended substance of 40wt%-70wt% solid concentration；

Step 3, negative pressure degasification: being stirred suspended substance with blender, make pore former be uniformly mixed with blank raw material simultaneously into Row negative pressure degasification is subsequently passed filter press and carries out filters pressing, obtains blank raw material and the mixed uniformly moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake of pore former；

Step 4, it forms: green body is made in blank raw material；

Step 5, starching: the dry body after body drying is with the kaolin slurry of 30wt%-50wt% solid concentration in dry body Outer surface carries out spraying or dip-coating；

Step 6, glazing glazing: is carried out to its outer surface after green body is dried again；

Step 7, it is burnt into: being sintered after glaze water is dry；

Pore former is one of hollow ceramic microspheres, spherical water-soluble plastic cement powder, water soluble starch or more in step 1 Kind, pore former partial size is 30 μm -1000 μm, and the volume ratio of blank raw material and pore former is 0.5-2.0, point in the step 2 Powder is one of sodium tripolyphosphate, calgon, waterglass or ammonium citrate of 0.3%-0.8% or a variety of, step 2 In binder be 0.4%-1.2% one of PVA, CMC, Isobam or any mixing, firing temperature in the step 7 It is 1310-1350 DEG C, and while being warming up to 400 DEG C -600 DEG C keeps the temperature 0.5-5h, the daily porous composite ceramics thickness of the preparation For 2mm-20mm, air hole structure is based on closed pore, porosity 30%-65%.

2. the preparation method of the daily porous composite ceramics according to claim 1 with thermal insulation property, which is characterized in that The parts by weight of the blank raw material are as follows: 30 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of red mud.

3. the preparation method of the daily porous composite ceramics according to claim 1 with thermal insulation property, which is characterized in that The parts by weight of the blank raw material are as follows: 40 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of red mud.

4. the preparation method of the daily porous composite ceramics according to claim 1 with thermal insulation property, which is characterized in that The parts by weight of the blank raw material are as follows: 30 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of red mud.