A kind of Double side diffusion technique of solar battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic technology field, the Double side diffusion technique of specifically a kind of solar battery.
Background technique
Traditional crystal silicon solar batteries boron diffusion (N-type silicon substrate) technique is generally single side diffusion, does not need to spread
The surface of impurity is placed in carrier face-to-face, is only carried out boron to the light-receiving surface of solar battery in diffusion furnace and is spread to be formed
Emitter, and cell backside heavy doping passivation, double-side cell, N-type cell etc. are required to two sides diffusion and carry out different impurity members
The advantages of element diffusion, Double side diffusion is gettering can both to be carried out to non-illuminated surface, and then improve cell voltage output, and can two sides
Incident light is received, so that the overall output power of solar cell array be made to improve 10-30%.Currently, using two-sided impurity diffusion,
General auxiliary is starched with silk-screen printing, liquid gas phase two ways, patent CN201210127523.3 using boron, is assisted with silk-screen printing
Mode makes, and realizes the single side battery of back side boron element heavy doping;By liquid vapor mode just like document number
CN200910034985.9 is successively to carry boron source by inert gas to carry out liquid gas phase diffusion.Either screen printing mode,
Or gas phase takes source mode, and the doping on required surface could be completed by requiring 2-4 step process, and process is complicated, is unfavorable for industrialization.
Compared to above two existing more typical diffusion way, impurity element is carried using coating to make impurity diffusion
Layer, coating fluid in the prior art etc. there are unstable, easily occur denaturation, reunite, precipitating the disadvantages of, and complicated component is used
At high cost in diffusion technique, process is complicated, is unfavorable for industrialized production and is combined with prior art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the solid-states that a kind of Double side diffusion technique of N-type solar battery, the technique use
Impurity source gallium oxide, the impurity performance are stablized, and ingredient is simple, and uniformity is good, technical process concise in technology, at low cost, Yi Yuxian
There is production line to be mutually compatible with production equipment.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is to be implemented by following technical measures to realize: a kind of realization N-type silicon chip is two-sided
Diffusion technique contains following steps:
A kind of Double side diffusion technique of solar battery, it is using solid oxide gallium as impurity source.
It more preferably, further include the forming step of a SiO2 oxide layer before Double side diffusion step.
Specifically, Double side diffusion processing step of the invention are as follows:
A) crystal silicon chip pre-processes: choosing N-type crystalline silicon piece, will clean after crystal silicon chip making herbs into wool;
B) oxide layer is formed: the obtained crystal silicon chip of step a) is put into the quartz ampoule of oxidation operation, reaction condition:
O2: 8~10L/M, H2: 12~14L/M, t:50~60min, T:850 DEG C;
C) Double side diffusion: the gallium oxide powder for being used to spread source is put into ceramic crucible, by ceramic crucible and step b)
Obtained crystal silicon chip is packed into quartz ampoule together, reaction condition: T=1150 DEG C of t=85~95min, N2=600~700ml/
min H2: 65~75ml/min, square resistance: 40~50 Ω/sq.
In a specific embodiment, Double side diffusion processing step are as follows:
A) crystal silicon chip pre-processes: choosing N-type crystalline silicon piece, will clean after crystal silicon chip making herbs into wool;
B) oxide layer is formed: the obtained crystal silicon chip of step a) is put into the quartz ampoule of oxidation operation, reaction condition:
O2: 8L/M, H2: 12L/M, t:50min, T:850 DEG C;
C) Double side diffusion: the gallium oxide powder for being used to spread source is put into ceramic crucible, by ceramic crucible and step b)
Obtained crystal silicon chip is packed into quartz ampoule together, reaction condition: T=1150 DEG C of t=85min, N2=600ml/min H2:
65ml/min, square resistance: 50 Ω/sq.
In another specific embodiment, Double side diffusion processing step are as follows:
A) crystal silicon chip pre-processes: choosing N-type crystalline silicon piece, will clean after crystal silicon chip making herbs into wool;
B) oxide layer is formed: the obtained crystal silicon chip of step a) is put into the quartz ampoule of oxidation operation, reaction condition:
O2: 10L/M, H2: 14L/M, t:60min, T:850 DEG C;
C) Double side diffusion: the gallium oxide powder for being used to spread source is put into ceramic crucible, by ceramic crucible and step b)
Obtained crystal silicon chip is packed into quartz ampoule together, reaction condition: T=1150 DEG C of t=95min, N2=700ml/min H2:
75ml/min, square resistance: 40 Ω/sq.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Impurity source of the invention is solid oxide gallium, spreads feature using Si/SiO2: what gallium was quickly spread in the si 02 layer
Characteristic, low gallium doping and the passage of junction depth are to complete the diffusion of low concentration shallow junction, reduce impurity gradient before tying, to improve out pressure,
Improve transfer efficiency.
For diffusion furnace of the present invention using Closed Tube Diffusion furnace, the uniformity of diffusion is very good, in piece, between piece, batch between square
The even property of resistance has reached ± 3% range, and quality is particularly stable;The sealing effect and reliability of high-temperature diffusion process lower furnace door are special
Not good, tail gas is drained by tail portion centralized collection completely in technique, and environment protecting is obvious.
The present invention increases by one of oxidation operation in conventional batteries technique, and the mode of oxidizing synthesized using hydrogen-oxygen forms one layer
SiO2 oxide layer can play the effect being centainly passivated.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Double side diffusion technique of solar battery, step are as follows:
A) crystal silicon chip pre-processes: choosing N-type crystalline silicon piece, will clean after crystal silicon chip making herbs into wool;
B) oxide layer is formed: the obtained crystal silicon chip of step a) is put into the quartz ampoule of oxidation operation, reaction condition:
O2: 8-10L/M (oxygen flow, unit liter/min, similarly hereinafter), H2: 10-12L/M (hydrogen flowing quantity, unit liter/min, similarly hereinafter),
T:45-50min (duration, similarly hereinafter), T:840-850 DEG C (temperature, similarly hereinafter);
C) Double side diffusion: the gallium oxide powder for being used to spread source is put into ceramic crucible, by ceramic crucible and step b)
Obtained crystal silicon chip is packed into quartz ampoule together, reaction condition: T=1150 DEG C of t=85min, N2=600-700ml/min
(nitrogen flow, unit ml/min, similarly hereinafter) H2: 50-60ml/min (hydrogen flowing quantity, unit ml/min, similarly hereinafter), square
Resistance: 50 Ω/sq.
Double side diffusion is carried out using gallium oxide powder, is operated under the reaction condition of the present embodiment, transfer efficiency reaches
20.0%
Further, the present invention increases by one of oxidation operation in conventional batteries technique, the mode of oxidizing synthesized using hydrogen-oxygen,
One layer of SiO2 oxide layer is formed, the effect being centainly passivated can be played.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Double side diffusion technique of solar battery, step are as follows:
A) crystal silicon chip pre-processes: choosing N-type crystalline silicon piece, will clean after crystal silicon chip making herbs into wool;
B) oxide layer is formed: the obtained crystal silicon chip of step a) is put into the quartz ampoule of oxidation operation, reaction condition:
O2: 10L/M, H2: 14L/M, t:60min, T:850 DEG C;
C) Double side diffusion: the gallium oxide powder for being used to spread source is put into ceramic crucible, by ceramic crucible and step b)
Obtained crystal silicon chip is packed into quartz ampoule together, reaction condition: T=1150 DEG C of t=95min, N2=700ml/min H2:
75ml/min, square resistance: 40 Ω/sq.
Double side diffusion is carried out using gallium oxide powder, is operated under the reaction condition of the present embodiment, transfer efficiency reaches
20.0%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Double side diffusion technique of solar battery, step are as follows:
A) crystal silicon chip pre-processes: choosing N-type crystalline silicon piece, will clean after crystal silicon chip making herbs into wool;
B) oxide layer is formed: the obtained crystal silicon chip of step a) is put into the quartz ampoule of oxidation operation, reaction condition:
O2: 9L/M, H2: 13L/M, t:55min, T:850 DEG C;
C) Double side diffusion: the gallium oxide powder for being used to spread source is put into ceramic crucible, by ceramic crucible and step b)
Obtained crystal silicon chip is packed into quartz ampoule together, reaction condition: T=1150 DEG C of t=90min, N2=650ml/min H2:
70ml/min, square resistance: 45 Ω/sq.
Double side diffusion is carried out using gallium oxide powder, is operated under the reaction condition of the present embodiment, transfer efficiency reaches
20.0%.
The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of the invention, although
The present invention is explained in detail referring to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to this hair
Bright technical solution is modified or equivalent replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.