Three-dimensional modeling method for special-shaped sheet metal part
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional modeling method for a special-shaped sheet metal part.
Background
The special-shaped sheet metal part is composed of a plurality of space sheet metal planes, each sheet metal plane has a plurality of corners, and due to the fact that the shape is irregular, the unfolded drawing is not easy to determine, the sheet metal part is designed and processed by adopting a block welding method frequently, and production efficiency is low. The chinese patent application No. 200710084693.7 "manufacturing method and product of sheet metal product with three-dimensional shape" proposes a manufacturing method of sheet metal product, which combines a plurality of components to manufacture sheet metal product with three-dimensional shape, but does not provide a drawing method of developed drawing of sheet metal product with three-dimensional shape. The invention application No. 201210588106.9 of the China's invention provides a design process of a three-dimensional compression mold of a sheet metal part, and uses a CATIA three-dimensional sheet metal design software module to obtain a three-dimensional model of a cover plate part by a method of extracting the surface of a target sheet metal part, extracting the surface of the part, drawing a two-dimensional graph and stretching the two-dimensional graph.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional modeling method for a special-shaped sheet metal part, which is convenient to process and improves the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a three-dimensional modeling method for a special-shaped sheet metal part, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drawing the three-dimensional outline of the special-shaped sheet metal part:
determining the number of planes of the special-shaped sheet metal part, and drawing a three-dimensional outline of the special-shaped sheet metal part;
(2) the plane profiles are located on the same plane:
enabling the outlines of all planes of the special-shaped sheet metal part to be located on the same plane;
(3) and (3) restraining the rotation angle of each plane:
marking the corner of each plane of the special-shaped sheet metal part in a three-dimensional space;
(4) establishing each plane entity:
establishing each plane entity by taking the plane outline of the special-shaped sheet metal part as a drawing sketch, wherein the entity number is equal to the plane number of the sheet metal part;
(5) merging into a single entity:
merging the planar entities into a single entity;
(6) converting into a three-dimensional sheet metal part:
and setting the thickness of the sheet metal, and selecting the plane intersection line of each plane entity as a bending side line to generate the sheet metal part and an expansion diagram thereof.
In the step (2), a specific method for enabling the plane profiles to be located on the same plane is as follows:
the triangular outlines are positioned on the same plane, and constraint is not needed;
for polygonal contours larger than three sides, one vertex A is optionally selected, with the exception of the two adjacent vertices B, C, and all other vertices D1、D2、……、DnBuild-up construction line AD1、AD2、……、ADnN is more than or equal to 1; on the constructional line AD1、AD2、……、ADnUpper establishing point E1、E2、……、En(ii) a Building a construction line BC passing through adjacent vertexes on two sides of the vertex A; let E1、E2、……、EnCoincide with BC, i.e. contour ABD1D2……DnC are located on the same plane.
In the step (3), the specific method for constraining the plane rotation angles is as follows:
horizontal plane XOZ has an angle α about the X-axis1Finding a point G out of plane1,G1The projection of the point on the plane along the Y axis and the Z axis is GY、GZNotation ∠ G1GZGY=α1;
Angle α of transverse plane XOY about axis Y2Finding a point G out of plane2,G2The projection of the point on the surface along the X axis and the Z axis is GX、GZNotation ∠ G2GXGZ=α2;
Angle α of vertical plane YOZ around Z axis3Finding a point G out of plane3,G3The projection of the point on the plane along the Y axis and the X axis is GY、GXNotation ∠ G3GYGX=α3。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, any sheet metal plane in space is obtained by using a geometric constraint and size constraint method, and an overall diagram and an expanded diagram of the special-shaped sheet metal part are obtained by using a solid modeling and sheet metal conversion method, so that the processing is convenient, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional modeling method of a special-shaped sheet metal part according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the invention, in which the plane profiles of the special-shaped sheet metal parts are located on the same plane;
FIG. 3a illustrates the angle α of the present invention1A schematic diagram of (a);
FIG. 3b illustrates the invention with the corner α marked on the transverse plane2A schematic diagram of (a);
FIG. 3c is a drawing of the invention depicting vertical face corners α3A schematic diagram of (a);
FIG. 4a is a front view of an all-round ripper blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a side view of an all-round ripper blade of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4c is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4 a;
FIG. 5a is a front view of the single side ripper blade of FIG. 4 a;
FIG. 5b is a side view of the single side ripper blade of FIG. 4 a;
FIG. 6a is a schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention with the hook plate profiles 4 in the same plane;
FIG. 6b is a schematic view of the side blade profile 5 in the same plane according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6c is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention with the bed knife profile 6 in the same plane;
FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing (bottom blade side view) illustrating a bottom blade face corner α according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a schematic view (side tool front view) of an embodiment of the present invention with side tool corner θ labeled;
FIG. 8b is a schematic drawing (side view of the sidecutter) with the sidecutter corner γ labeled according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8c is a schematic drawing with side rake corners β labeled (side-knife top view) for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a plan solid front view of a single side ripper blade in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a solid side plan view of a single side ripper blade in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an expanded view of an all-directional ripper blade sheet metal part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
1 hitch plate 2 side sword
3 bed knife 4 hitch plate profile
5 side cutter profile 6 bed cutter profile
7 hang and connect board entity 8 side sword entities
9 dead knife entity M line of bending
α bottom knife 3 soil lifting angle β side knife 2 soil cutting angle
Back rake angle of gamma side cutter 2 theta side cutter 2 in the transverse plane
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional modeling method for the special-shaped sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
(1) drawing three-dimensional outline of special-shaped sheet metal part
Determining the plane number of the special-shaped sheet metal part, and drawing the three-dimensional outline of the special-shaped sheet metal part.
(2) The profiles of all planes are positioned on the same plane
The method for making the profiles of the planes of the special-shaped sheet metal part on the same plane comprises the following steps:
the triangular profiles are located in the same plane and do not need to be constrained.
For polygonal contours greater than three sides, as shown in FIG. 2, one vertex A is optionally selected, with the exception of the two adjacent vertices B, C, and all other vertices D1、D2、……、DnBuild-up construction line AD1、AD2、……、ADnN is more than or equal to 1; on the constructional line AD1、AD2、……、ADnUpper establishing point E1、E2、……、En(ii) a Building a construction line BC passing through adjacent vertexes on two sides of the vertex A; let E1、E2、……、EnCoincide with BC, i.e. contour ABD1D2……DnC are located on the same plane.
(3) Restrain each plane corner
Marking each plane corner of the special-shaped sheet metal part in a three-dimensional space, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
as shown in FIG. 3a, horizontal plane XOZ has an angle α about the X-axis1Finding a point G out of plane1,G1Projection of points on the surface along the Y-axis and Z-axisIs GY、GZNotation ∠ G1GZGY=α1。
As shown in FIG. 3b, the cross-sectional plane XOY has an angle α about the Y-axis2Finding a point G out of plane2,G2The projection of the point on the surface along the X axis and the Z axis is GX、GZNotation ∠ G2GXGZ=α2。
As shown in FIG. 3c, the vertical plane YOZ has an angle α about the Z-axis3Finding a point G out of plane3,G3The projection of the point on the plane along the Y axis and the X axis is GY、GXNotation ∠ G3GYGX=α3。
The plane profile of any special-shaped sheet metal part in the three-dimensional space can be determined by constraining the planarity of the profile of the special-shaped sheet metal part in the three-dimensional space and the size of a spatial plane corner.
(4) Establishing each plane entity
And establishing each plane entity by taking the plane outline of the special-shaped sheet metal part as a drawing sketch, wherein the entity number is equal to the plane number of the sheet metal part.
(5) Are combined into a single entity
The planar entities are merged into a single entity.
(6) Convert into three-dimensional sheet metal part
And setting the thickness of the sheet metal, and selecting the plane intersection line of each plane entity as a bending side line to generate the sheet metal part and an expansion diagram thereof.
Examples
Taking an all-directional ripper blade for agricultural cultivation (fig. 4a to 4c) as an example, the angle parameters of the cutting blade 3 soil rising angle α, the side blade 2 soil cutting angle β, the side blade 2 back inclination angle γ, and the inclination angle θ of the side blade 2 in the transverse plane need to be restricted.
The omnibearing ripper shovel metal plate model is established according to the following steps:
(1) because the break shovel is of a symmetrical structure, only a single-side model needs to be established, then a mirror image of the single-side model is made to obtain a model on the other side, and finally the model on the other side and the model on the other side are combined into a single entity.
The single-sided ripper blade has three planar profiles: a bed knife profile 6, a side knife profile 5, a hitch plate profile 4. A one-sided ripper blade profile is drawn, including three planar profiles, as shown in fig. 5a and 5 b.
(2) The plane profiles are positioned on the same plane.
As shown in fig. 6a, connection B1C1、B2C2(ii) a On the construction line B1C1Upper establishing point E4(ii) a Let E4And B2C2Overlap, make hitch plate profile 4 (profile B)1B2C1C2) Are located in the same plane.
As shown in fig. 6b, connection a1B1、A2B2(ii) a On the construction line A1B1Upper establishing point E3(ii) a Let E3And A2B2Overlapping the side cutter profile 5 (profile A)1A2B1B2) Are located in the same plane.
As shown in FIG. 6c, connection A1A3、A1A4、A2A5(ii) a On the construction line A1A3、A1A4Upper establishing point E1、E2(ii) a Let E1、E2And A2A5Overlap, make the bottom knife profile 6 (profile A)1A2A3A4A5) Are located in the same plane.
(3) Restrain each plane corner
For the bottom rake face, as shown in fig. 7, in the side view YOZ, a right triangle G is established1A5A4,G1A5Along the Y axis, G1A4Along the Z-axis, reference ∠ G1A4A5=α。
For the flank face:
as shown in FIG. 8a, in the front view XOY, a right triangle G is created2A2B1,G2A2Along the X-axis, G2B1Along the Y-axis, reference is made to ∠ G2B3B4=θ。
As shown in FIG. 8b, in the side view YOZ, a right angle of three is establishedAngular shape G3B1B3,G3B1Along the Y axis, G3B3Along the Z axis, B3On a straight line B1A2Above, label ∠ G3B1B3=γ。
As shown in FIG. 8c, in the top view XOZ, a right triangle G is created4B5B4,G4B4Along the X-axis, G4B5Along the Z axis, B4、B5On the contour surface A1A2B1B2Above, label ∠ G4B5B4=β。
The hanging plate surface is superposed with the vertical plane YOZ without a corner.
(4) Establishing each plane entity
Respectively by the outline A1A2A3A4A5、A1A2B1B2、B1B2C1C2For drawing the sketch, a bed knife entity 9, a side knife entity 8 and a hitch plate entity 7 are established, as shown in fig. 9a and 9 b.
(5) Are combined into a single entity
And establishing a model on the other side, and combining the plane entities into a single entity.
(6) Convert into sheet metal component
Set up panel beating thickness and be 8mm, select sideline A1A2、B1B2And both mirror edge lines A1’A2’、B1’B2' is a bending sideline, and generates an all-directional ripper blade (fig. 4a to 4c) of the sheet metal part and an expanded view (fig. 10) thereof.
SolidWorks is used in the embodiment of the invention, wherein, the step (1) uses a mirror image tool and a 3D sketch tool; step (2) using 'construction line' and 'geometric constraint' tools; step (3) using a 'size constraint' tool; step (4) using a 'stretching' tool; step (5) using a mirror image tool and a combination tool; and (6) using a 'conversion to sheet metal' tool.