CN106953045A - PHEV battery pack cooling structure - Google Patents
PHEV battery pack cooling structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106953045A CN106953045A CN201710269103.1A CN201710269103A CN106953045A CN 106953045 A CN106953045 A CN 106953045A CN 201710269103 A CN201710269103 A CN 201710269103A CN 106953045 A CN106953045 A CN 106953045A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及新能源汽车动力电池的技术领域，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种PHEV电池包冷却结构。The invention relates to the technical field of power batteries of new energy vehicles, and more specifically, the invention relates to a cooling structure of a PHEV battery pack.
背景技术Background technique
在现有技术中，新能源汽车中的EV和PHEV汽车的动力电池采用的冷却方式为自然冷却、风冷和水冷、冷媒管带接触冷却等。其中风冷的方式结构特点为电池包设计新风口，通过鼓风机将新风循环进电池包，通过空气辐射传导的方式换热，它的缺点是换热效率低、动力电池包密封效果差；冷媒管带接触冷却的方式特点为设计可通过冷媒的管带，布置在电池模组下端直接接触电池模组，通过传导换热的方式冷却，其缺点为冷却回路需要设计控制阀，对控制要求较高，而且管带有结露的问题。水冷方式的结构特点为将冷却循环水路布置在电池模组内，通过传导的方式冷却模组，其缺点为成本较高，增重较多；故障情况下，有安全风险。In the prior art, the cooling methods used for the power batteries of EVs and PHEVs in new energy vehicles are natural cooling, air cooling and water cooling, and contact cooling with refrigerant tubes. Among them, the structural feature of the air-cooling method is that the battery pack is designed with a fresh air outlet, and the fresh air is circulated into the battery pack through the blower, and the heat is exchanged through air radiation conduction. Its disadvantages are low heat transfer efficiency and poor sealing effect of the power battery pack; the refrigerant tube The method of contact cooling is characterized by the design of a pipe belt that can pass through the refrigerant, and is arranged at the lower end of the battery module to directly contact the battery module and cool through conduction heat exchange. The disadvantage is that the cooling circuit needs to design a control valve, which requires high control. , and the tube has the problem of condensation. The structural feature of the water-cooling method is that the cooling circulation water circuit is arranged in the battery module, and the module is cooled by conduction. Its disadvantages are high cost and heavy weight gain; in the event of a failure, there is a safety risk.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中的上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种PHEV电池包冷却结构。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a cooling structure for a PHEV battery pack.
为了解决发明所述的技术问题并实现发明目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：In order to solve the technical problems described in the invention and realize the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
本发明的PHEV电池包冷却结构，其特征在于：所述冷却结构包括位于电池包内部的内部模块和位于电池包外部的外部模块；所述电池包外部模块包括用于将气态制冷剂压缩成高温高压的制冷剂气体的压缩机，用于将所述高温高压的制冷剂气体冷凝成高温高压的液态制冷剂的冷凝器，用于缓冲以及存储所述液态制冷剂的干燥储液器，以及与所述干燥储液器通过管路连接的膨胀阀；所述电池包内部模块包括蒸发器芯体、过渡风道、鼓风机和分风风道，所述蒸发器芯体的制冷剂输入端与所述膨胀阀的输出端连接，制冷剂输出端与所述膨胀阀的输入端连接，所述蒸发器芯体的冷空气出口与过渡风道的入口连通，所述过渡风道的出口与鼓风机的入口连通，所述鼓风机的出口与分风风道的入口连通。The cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack of the present invention is characterized in that: the cooling structure includes an internal module located inside the battery pack and an external module located outside the battery pack; a high-pressure refrigerant gas compressor, a condenser for condensing the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, a dry receiver for buffering and storing the liquid refrigerant, and The dry liquid reservoir is connected to an expansion valve through a pipeline; the internal module of the battery pack includes an evaporator core, a transition air duct, a blower and an air distribution duct, and the refrigerant input end of the evaporator core is connected to the The output end of the expansion valve is connected, the refrigerant output end is connected with the input end of the expansion valve, the cold air outlet of the evaporator core is connected with the inlet of the transition air duct, and the outlet of the transition air duct is connected with the blower The inlet is connected, and the outlet of the blower is connected with the inlet of the air distribution channel.
其中，所述蒸发器芯体包括箱体，所述箱体的前端设置有空气入口通道，所述箱体的后端设置有与所述空气入口通道连通的冷空气舱，所述冷空气舱上设置有与所述过渡风道连通的冷空气出口，所述空气入口通道内布置有呈格栅状的制冷剂通道阵列，所述制冷剂通道阵列的入口端通过制冷剂入口管路与膨胀阀的输出端连接，所述制冷剂通道阵列的出口端通过制冷剂出口管路与膨胀阀的输入端连接。Wherein, the evaporator core includes a box body, the front end of the box body is provided with an air inlet channel, and the rear end of the box body is provided with a cold air cabin communicated with the air inlet channel, and the cold air cabin A cold air outlet communicated with the transition air duct is arranged on the top, and a grid-shaped refrigerant channel array is arranged in the air inlet channel, and the inlet end of the refrigerant channel array passes through the refrigerant inlet pipeline and expands The output end of the valve is connected, and the outlet end of the refrigerant channel array is connected with the input end of the expansion valve through the refrigerant outlet pipeline.
其中，所述箱体的下部还设置有集水槽，并且所述集水槽设置在所述制冷剂通道阵列的下方，而所述集水槽的底部设置有单向出水口。Wherein, the lower part of the box body is also provided with a water collection tank, and the water collection tank is arranged below the refrigerant channel array, and the bottom of the water collection tank is provided with a one-way water outlet.
其中，所述过渡风道包括与所述蒸发器芯体的冷空气出口连通的扁平风管和与所述扁平风管连通的旋风出口，并且所述扁平风管的长度大于所述旋风出口的直径。Wherein, the transitional air duct includes a flat air duct communicating with the cold air outlet of the evaporator core and a cyclone outlet communicating with the flat duct, and the length of the flat duct is longer than that of the cyclone outlet. diameter.
其中，所述分风风道包括与所述鼓风机出口端连通的入口段，以及将冷空气分配至电池模组附近的出口段，所述入口段和出口段之间为过渡段；并且所述入口段沿着鼓风机出口端至过渡段的方向具有逐渐变高的高度，和逐渐变宽的宽度；所述过渡段沿着所述入口段和出口段的方向具有逐渐变低的高度，和逐渐变宽的宽度。Wherein, the air distribution channel includes an inlet section communicating with the outlet end of the blower, and an outlet section for distributing cold air to the vicinity of the battery module, and a transition section is between the inlet section and the outlet section; and the The inlet section has a gradually higher height and a gradually wider width along the direction from the outlet end of the blower to the transition section; the transition section has a gradually lower height along the direction of the inlet section and the outlet section, and gradually The variable width.
其中，所述出口段的两侧和外端部均设置有出风口，作为优选地，所述出口段具有恒定的宽度和高度(即横截面具有相同的形状)。Wherein, both sides and the outer end of the outlet section are provided with air outlets, preferably, the outlet section has a constant width and height (that is, the cross section has the same shape).
其中，所述分风风道的长高比为15～35∶1之间，宽高比为1.8～5.5∶1之间。Wherein, the length-to-height ratio of the air distribution duct is between 15-35:1, and the width-to-height ratio is between 1.8-5.5:1.
其中，所述电池包内设置有主隔舱，所述主隔舱内布置有电池模组。Wherein, a main compartment is arranged in the battery pack, and a battery module is arranged in the main compartment.
其中，所述电池包还包括副隔舱，所述蒸发器芯体、过渡风道和鼓风机位于所述副隔舱内，所述分风风道位于主隔舱内。Wherein, the battery pack further includes an auxiliary compartment, the evaporator core, the transition air duct and the blower are located in the auxiliary compartment, and the air distribution duct is located in the main compartment.
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明所述的PHEV电池包冷却结构具有以下有益效果：Compared with the closest prior art, the PHEV battery pack cooling structure of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明的PHEV电池包冷却结构，根据PHEV动力电池的温度要求特点，采用冷却芯体与电池模组分舱设计，结合了冷媒冷却和风冷的优点，同时将整个系统布置在电池包内，不仅保证了冷却效果，而且还进一步提高了密封性。The PHEV battery pack cooling structure of the present invention, according to the temperature requirement characteristics of the PHEV power battery, adopts the cooling core body and the battery module compartment design, combines the advantages of refrigerant cooling and air cooling, and at the same time arranges the entire system in the battery pack, Not only the cooling effect is guaranteed, but also the sealing performance is further improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的PHEV电池包冷却原理示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooling principle of the PHEV battery pack of the present invention.
图2本发明的PHEV电池包冷却结构中的气流流动方向示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the air flow direction in the cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack of the present invention.
图3为本发明的PHEV电池包内部冷却结构的立体示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack of the present invention.
图4为本发明的PHEV电池包内部冷却结构的平面示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack of the present invention.
图5为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的蒸发器芯体的结构示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the evaporator core used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图6为图5沿A-A方向的横截面结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the direction A-A of FIG. 5 .
图7为图6圆圈部分指示的C区域的放大结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of area C indicated by a circle in FIG. 6 .
图8为图5沿B-B方向的横截面结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the B-B direction of FIG. 5 .
图9为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的蒸发器芯体的左视图。Fig. 9 is a left view of the evaporator core used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图10为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的蒸发器芯体的俯示图。Fig. 10 is a top view of the evaporator core used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图11为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的过渡风道结构示意图。Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the transition air duct structure used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图12为图11沿A-A方向的横截面结构示意图。FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the direction A-A of FIG. 11 .
图13为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的扁平鼓风机的结构示意图。Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the flat blower used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图14为图13沿A-A方向的横截面结构示意图。FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 13 along the direction A-A.
图15为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的分风风道结构示意图。Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air distribution duct used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图16为图15沿A-A方向的横截面结构示意图。FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the direction A-A of FIG. 15 .
图17为PHEV电池包内部冷却结构采用的分风风道的左视图。Fig. 17 is a left view of the air distribution duct used in the internal cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack.
图18为集成了本发明的内部冷却结构的PHEV电池包结构示意图。Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a PHEV battery pack integrated with the internal cooling structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下将结合具体实施例对本发明所述的PHEV电池包冷却结构做进一步的阐述，以期对本发明的技术方案做出更完整和清楚的说明。The cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack described in the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, in order to make a more complete and clear description of the technical solution of the present invention.
本发明的PHEV电池包冷却结构，包括电池包内部模块和电池包外部模块。如图1所示，所述电池包外部模块包括压缩机1、冷凝器2、冷凝风扇3、干燥储液器4和膨胀阀5。所述电池包内部模块主要包括蒸发器芯体和鼓风机。本发明的冷却结构的制冷原理如下：通过压缩机1将气态制冷剂压缩成高温高压的制冷剂气体后排出，流经冷凝器，冷凝器通过冷凝风扇3散热、降温将高温高压的制冷剂气体冷凝成高温高压的液态制冷剂，然后经干燥储液器、管路和膨胀阀，节流后状态变成低温低压的液态制冷剂，进入蒸发器芯体，吸收流经蒸发器的空气热量，使空气温度降低，通过鼓风机吹出冷风，并经分风风道组织气流流经各个动力电池模组，产生制冷效果。同时制冷剂因吸热而蒸发成低温低压的气态制冷剂，经膨胀阀和管路再次被压缩机吸入，压缩，进入下一个循环。本发明的PHEV电池包冷却结构中的气流流动方向如图3所示，因电池工作产生热量，电池包内形成热空气，当温度达到空调冷却系统工作的阈值，鼓风机工作，将热空气吸入本设计的蒸发器芯体，吸收流经蒸发器的空气热量，使空气温度降低，通过鼓风机吹出冷风，并经分风风道组织气流流经各个动力电池模组，产生制冷效果。The PHEV battery pack cooling structure of the present invention includes a battery pack internal module and a battery pack external module. As shown in FIG. 1 , the external module of the battery pack includes a compressor 1 , a condenser 2 , a condenser fan 3 , a dry liquid reservoir 4 and an expansion valve 5 . The internal module of the battery pack mainly includes an evaporator core and a blower. The refrigeration principle of the cooling structure of the present invention is as follows: the gaseous refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas by the compressor 1 and discharged, and flows through the condenser, and the condenser dissipates heat and cools the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the condensing fan 3 Condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then through the dry liquid receiver, pipeline and expansion valve, the state becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant after throttling, and enters the core of the evaporator to absorb the heat of the air flowing through the evaporator. The air temperature is lowered, the blower blows out cold air, and the air flow is organized through the air distribution channel to flow through each power battery module to produce a cooling effect. At the same time, the refrigerant evaporates into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant due to heat absorption, and is sucked into the compressor again through the expansion valve and the pipeline, compressed, and enters the next cycle. The air flow direction in the cooling structure of the PHEV battery pack of the present invention is shown in Figure 3. Heat is generated in the battery pack due to the operation of the battery, and hot air is formed in the battery pack. The designed evaporator core absorbs the heat of the air flowing through the evaporator to reduce the air temperature, blows cold air through the blower, and organizes the air flow through the air distribution channel to flow through each power battery module to produce a cooling effect.
如图2和图4所示，在本发明中，电池包内部模块包括蒸发器芯体10、过渡风道20、鼓风机30和分风风道40。所述蒸发器芯体的制冷剂输入端与所述膨胀阀的输出端连接，制冷剂输出端与所述膨胀阀的输入端连接，所述蒸发器芯体的冷空气出口与过渡风道的入口连通，所述过渡风道的出口与鼓风机的入口连通，所述鼓风机的出口与分风风道的入口连通。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , in the present invention, the internal module of the battery pack includes an evaporator core 10 , a transition air duct 20 , a blower 30 and an air distribution duct 40 . The refrigerant input end of the evaporator core is connected to the output end of the expansion valve, the refrigerant output end is connected to the input end of the expansion valve, the cold air outlet of the evaporator core is connected to the transition air duct The inlet is communicated, the outlet of the transition air duct is communicated with the inlet of the blower, and the outlet of the blower is communicated with the inlet of the air distribution duct.
如图5-10所示，所述蒸发器芯体包括箱体，所述箱体的前端设置有空气入口通道，所述箱体的后端设置有与所述空气入口通道连通的冷空气舱，所述冷空气舱上设置有与所述过渡风道连通的冷空气出口，所述空气入口通道内布置有呈格栅状的制冷剂通道阵列，所述制冷剂通道阵列的入口端通过制冷剂入口管路与膨胀阀的输出端连接，所述制冷剂通道阵列的出口端通过制冷剂出口管路与膨胀阀的输入端连接。所述箱体的下部还设置有集水槽，并且所述集水槽设置在所述制冷剂通道阵列的下方，而所述集水槽的底部设置有单向出水口。As shown in Figure 5-10, the evaporator core includes a box body, the front end of the box body is provided with an air inlet channel, and the rear end of the box body is provided with a cold air chamber communicating with the air inlet channel , the cold air cabin is provided with a cold air outlet communicating with the transition air duct, a grid-shaped refrigerant channel array is arranged in the air inlet channel, and the inlet end of the refrigerant channel array passes through the cooling The refrigerant inlet pipeline is connected to the output end of the expansion valve, and the outlet end of the refrigerant channel array is connected to the input end of the expansion valve through the refrigerant outlet pipeline. The lower part of the box body is also provided with a water collection tank, and the water collection tank is arranged below the refrigerant channel array, and the bottom of the water collection tank is provided with a one-way water outlet.
如图11-12所示，所述过渡风道包括与所述蒸发器芯体的冷空气出口连通的扁平风管和与所述扁平风管连通的旋风出口，并且所述扁平风管的长度大于所述旋风出口的直径。As shown in Figures 11-12, the transition air duct includes a flat air duct communicating with the cold air outlet of the evaporator core and a cyclone outlet communicating with the flat duct, and the length of the flat duct is greater than the diameter of the cyclone outlet.
如图13-14所示，本发明采用的鼓风机为吸风式鼓风机，为了方便设置并减少空间体积的占用，所述鼓风机设计成侧端出风的形式。As shown in Figures 13-14, the blower used in the present invention is a suction blower. In order to facilitate installation and reduce space occupation, the blower is designed in the form of side outlet air.
如图15-17所示，所述分风风道包括与所述鼓风机出口端连通的入口段，以及将冷空气分配至电池模组附近的出口段，所述入口段和出口段之间为过渡段；并且所述入口段沿着鼓风机出口端至过渡段的方向具有逐渐变高的高度，和逐渐变宽的宽度；所述过渡段沿着所述入口段和出口段的方向具有逐渐变低的高度，和逐渐变宽的宽度。所述出口段的两侧和外端部均设置有出风口，作为优选地，所述出口段具有恒定的宽度和高度。所述分风风道的长高比为15～35∶1之间，宽高比为1.8～5.5∶1之间。As shown in Figures 15-17, the air distribution duct includes an inlet section communicating with the outlet end of the blower, and an outlet section that distributes cold air to the vicinity of the battery module, and there is a gap between the inlet section and the outlet section. A transition section; and the inlet section has a gradually higher height and a gradually wider width along the direction from the outlet end of the blower to the transition section; the transition section has a gradually changing direction along the inlet section and the outlet section Low height, and gradually widening width. Both sides and the outer end of the outlet section are provided with air outlets. Preferably, the outlet section has a constant width and height. The length-to-height ratio of the air distribution channel is 15-35:1, and the width-to-height ratio is 1.8-5.5:1.
如图18所示，所述电池包内设置有主隔舱，所述主隔舱内布置有电池模组。其中，所述电池包还包括副隔舱，所述蒸发器芯体、过渡风道和鼓风机位于所述副隔舱内，所述分风风道位于主隔舱内。As shown in FIG. 18 , a main compartment is arranged in the battery pack, and a battery module is arranged in the main compartment. Wherein, the battery pack further includes an auxiliary compartment, the evaporator core, the transition air duct and the blower are located in the auxiliary compartment, and the air distribution duct is located in the main compartment.
通过电池包热负荷计算，本发明设计了小型化的蒸发器芯体10，布置在隔舱化设计的电池包内，其作用为使电池包内的空气流经芯体时进行换热。因电池包高度限制，需要设计扁平鼓风机结构30，其作用为空气流动提供动力。为均衡冷却电池模组，通过进行仿真分析，设计了过渡风道20和分风风道40。针对空调冷媒传热性能好，安全性佳的特点，充分利用汽车空调的原理，通过热负荷计算，将其小型化并布置在电池包内，该技术方案成熟、可靠，相对水冷方案还具有成本优势；为解决冷芯凝露积水问题，在冷芯箱体结构下部，设计水槽及单向出水孔，及时排出凝结水，保证电池包的安全性；隔舱化设计冷却系统；为提高空气流动的风速，采用鼓风机吸风的布置方式，有效保证了使风道末端电池模组附近气流流速满足冷却换热的要求。Based on the calculation of the heat load of the battery pack, the present invention designs a miniaturized evaporator core 10, which is arranged in the battery pack designed in compartments, and its function is to exchange heat when the air in the battery pack flows through the core. Due to the limitation of the height of the battery pack, it is necessary to design a flat blower structure 30 to provide power for air flow. In order to cool the battery modules in a balanced manner, the transition air duct 20 and the air distribution duct 40 are designed through simulation analysis. Aiming at the characteristics of good heat transfer performance and good safety of the air-conditioning refrigerant, making full use of the principle of the automobile air-conditioning, and calculating the heat load, it is miniaturized and arranged in the battery pack. Advantages: In order to solve the problem of cold core condensation and water accumulation, a water tank and a one-way water outlet hole are designed in the lower part of the cold core box structure to discharge condensed water in time to ensure the safety of the battery pack; the cooling system is designed in compartments; The flow of wind speed adopts the arrangement of blower suction, which effectively ensures that the air flow speed near the battery module at the end of the air duct meets the requirements of cooling and heat exchange.
实施例1Example 1
下面我们以某20Ah电芯为例来设计相应的PHEV电池包冷却结构。Below we take a 20Ah cell as an example to design the corresponding PHEV battery pack cooling structure.
首先，通过ARC设备测试得到电芯的绝热产热量如表1所示。First, the adiabatic heat production of the battery cell is obtained through the ARC equipment test, as shown in Table 1.
表1Table 1
以电芯4C持续放电作为输入条件，电池包为2P92S，因此整包理论产热量为：Taking the continuous discharge of the battery cell 4C as the input condition, the battery pack is 2P92S, so the theoretical heat output of the whole pack is:
2×92×9441.24＝1737188.16J，放电时间为15min＝900S；计算W值如下：2×92×9441.24＝1737188.16J, the discharge time is 15min＝900S; calculate the W value as follows:
1737188.16J/900S＝1930.21W。1737188.16J/900S=1930.21W.
因此，选用的蒸发器的功率带走全部的理论产热即可，本电池包中，选用2000W制冷量的蒸发器＞1930W，可以满足制冷要求。Therefore, the power of the selected evaporator can take away all the theoretical heat production. In this battery pack, the evaporator with a cooling capacity of 2000W > 1930W can meet the cooling requirements.
PHEV动力电池系统的技术要求如表2所示。The technical requirements of the PHEV power battery system are shown in Table 2.
表2Table 2
为了减少副隔舱的体积，在本实施中选择的鼓风机的长宽尺寸均为120mm，厚度为32mm；蒸发器芯体的长度为285mm，高度为约77mm，宽度为约110mm。分风风道的总长度约为860mm，并且风道的宽度为约68～144mm，高度为约27～45mm。本发明的实施例通过建立模型，模拟电池包的温度场各个区域的温度，求出满足温度的限值，确定分风风道的流速及各个风口流速的温度。根据分风风道的流速、风口流速的温度等要求，设计出了如上述所述具有入口段、过渡段和出口段的分风风道结构，该结构不仅有效减少了体积，而且还有利于减少风阻，使得温度分布更加合理。通过CFD仿真设计计算分风风道内的气体场分布，从中看以看出在入口段风速为12～18m/s的条件下，在出口段可维持在0.1～5.0m/s的水平。通过CFD仿真设计计算电池包内温度场分布，从中可以看出主隔舱内的温度维持在约20～45℃的水平。In order to reduce the volume of the auxiliary compartment, the blower selected in this implementation has a length and width of 120mm and a thickness of 32mm; the length of the evaporator core is 285mm, the height is about 77mm, and the width is about 110mm. The total length of the air distribution channel is about 860mm, and the width of the air channel is about 68-144mm, and the height is about 27-45mm. In the embodiment of the present invention, by establishing a model, simulating the temperature in each area of the temperature field of the battery pack, obtaining the limit value satisfying the temperature, and determining the flow velocity of the air distribution channel and the temperature of the flow velocity of each air outlet. According to the requirements of the flow velocity of the air distribution channel and the temperature of the air outlet flow rate, the structure of the air distribution channel with the inlet section, the transition section and the outlet section as mentioned above is designed. This structure not only effectively reduces the volume, but also facilitates Reduce wind resistance and make temperature distribution more reasonable. Through CFD simulation design and calculation of the gas field distribution in the air distribution channel, it can be seen that under the condition that the wind speed in the inlet section is 12-18m/s, it can be maintained at a level of 0.1-5.0m/s in the outlet section. The temperature field distribution in the battery pack is calculated through CFD simulation design, from which it can be seen that the temperature in the main compartment is maintained at a level of about 20-45°C.
对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，具体实施例只是对本发明进行了示例性描述，显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进，或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific embodiment is only an exemplary description of the present invention, and obviously the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned methods, as long as the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention are used to carry out various Immaterial improvements, or direct application of the concept and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions without improvement are within the protection scope of the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20170714 |
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