CN107233644A - Breathing machine pipeline and trachea cannula protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application of the present invention discloses a protection device for ventilator pipeline and endotracheal intubation, which includes a protection box, a water bag and a water inlet one-way valve. A baffle is arranged inside the protection box; one end of the baffle is provided with an inhalation one-way valve , the exhalation one-way valve at the other end of the baffle, the diversion groove provided on the baffle, and the water bag fixed on the concave side of the baffle; The board divides the vent pipe into an inhalation pipe and an exhalation pipe; an air filter is arranged inside the inhalation pipe, a first baffle is hinged on the partition in the inhalation pipe, and a second baffle is hinged on the partition in the exhalation pipe. Two blocking boards. Compared with the existing technology, this device effectively treats the condensed water generated during the use of the ventilator, effectively preventing the condensed water from flowing into the patient's lungs and causing the patient's condition to be serious; at the same time, the device can continuously clean the patient during breathing , effectively prevent the bacterial growth in the device from affecting the patient's condition.

Description

Ventilator tube and endotracheal tube protection device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and specifically discloses a protective device for a ventilator pipeline and a tracheal intubation tube.

Background technique

When the patient's natural ventilation and oxygenation function are impaired, it is necessary to use a ventilator to assist the patient's breathing and restore effective ventilation. In modern clinical medicine, the ventilator, as an effective means of artificially replacing the spontaneous ventilation function, has been widely used in respiratory failure caused by various reasons, anesthesia respiratory management during major surgery, respiratory support treatment and emergency resuscitation. It occupies a very important position in the field of modern medicine.

When the patient is using the ventilator, both inhalation and exhalation must pass through the ventilator tube. The exhaled gas contains a certain amount of water vapor. When the water vapor in the exhaled gas encounters the ventilator tube whose temperature is lower than the patient's body temperature Condensed water will be formed, and the condensed water will easily flow into the endotracheal tube along the ventilator tube (especially the tube near the endotracheal tube) and enter the patient's lungs.

At the same time, in order to protect the patient's respiratory mucosa, the existing ventilator is equipped with a humidification device to humidify the gas entering the patient's body (containing a certain amount of water vapor); when the water vapor in the inhaled gas condenses in the ventilator pipeline , It is also easy for condensed water to enter the patient's lungs along the ventilator pipe (especially the pipe near the endotracheal tube).

Condensed water flows into the lungs, and the stimulation of foreign objects will cause the patient to cough, easily damage the lungs and respiratory mucosa, and the severe cough will aggravate the pain of the patient. When the condensed water flows through the ventilator pipe and tracheal intubation, it is easy to carry the bacteria in the inner wall of the pipe and enter the lungs to form bacterial plantation, leading to lung infection of the patient.

When the patient coughs, the coughed up sputum may be sprayed into the ventilator tube, which will block the endotracheal tube or the connection between the endotracheal tube and the ventilator tube or the ventilator tube, thereby affecting the patient's effective breathing. Sputum may also flow back into the patient's body along the ventilator tube and endotracheal tube, causing the patient to cough violently again, forming a vicious circle; damaging the lungs and respiratory mucosa, increasing the patient's suffering, and increasing the risk of lung infection. Severe coughing can lead to adverse consequences such as pneumothorax and bullae. In addition, after the ventilator is used for a long time, bacteria are easy to breed in the ventilator pipeline, and if it is not removed in time, it will also affect the health of the patient.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilator pipeline and endotracheal tube protection device to solve the problem of easy condensation in the ventilator pipeline or endotracheal tube during the use of the existing ventilator, which affects the health of patients.

In order to achieve the above object, the basic solution of the present invention is: ventilator pipeline and endotracheal tube protection device, including the protection box, water bag and water inlet one-way valve that are sealed and communicated between the ventilator pipeline and the endotracheal tube, and the protection box The interior of the ventilator is equipped with a baffle that separates the ventilator pipe and the endotracheal tube. Inhalation one-way valve, the other end of the baffle is provided with an exhalation one-way valve for one-way ventilation during exhalation, and a diversion groove is provided on the concave surface of the baffle; the water bag is fixed on one of the concave sides of the baffle On the side, the water bag is connected with the condensate pipe of the ventilator through the water inlet one-way valve, and the surface of the water bag is provided with a drainage one-way valve; the inside of the protection box is provided with a ventilation tube at the connection with the endotracheal tube, and the inside of the ventilation tube is provided There is a partition, and the partition divides the ventilation pipe into an inhalation pipe and an exhalation pipe; an air filter is arranged in the inhalation pipe, and a first resistance plate is hinged on the side facing the interior of the inhalation pipe on the partition plate, and the first resistance plate is on the The inspiratory tube can only swing on the side facing the tracheal intubation; the side of the partition facing the expiratory tube is hinged with a second baffle, and the second baffle can only swing on the side away from the tracheal intubation in the exhalation tube. Side swing; the lower end of the protective box close to the side of the endotracheal intubation is provided with a water outlet pipe.

The working principle of this basic scheme is: when using the ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protective device, that is, when the patient uses the ventilator with this protective device; if the patient inhales or the ventilator supplies air to the patient, the trachea Negative pressure will be generated in the intubation tube. Since the first baffle can only swing on the side facing the endotracheal tube in the inspiratory tube, under the action of air pressure, the first baffle will rotate along the partition and open. The gas inhaled into the patient's body will enter the patient's body through the ventilator pipeline, protective box, inspiratory one-way valve, air filter, inspiratory tube, and tracheal intubation in sequence; if the patient exhales or the ventilator makes the patient inhale, Due to the arrangement of the first baffle and the second baffle, the first baffle will be closed and the second baffle will be opened, and the exhaled gas will pass through the exhalation tube, protection unit, exhalation one-way valve, breathing ventilator tubing and back into the ventilator.

When the patient exhales or the ventilator supplies air to the patient, the gas exhaled by the patient will enter the protection unit through the exhalation tube. Since the protection unit is equipped with an arc-shaped baffle, most of the exhaled gas first touches the baffle, and the exhalation The water vapor carried by the air will condense into water on the baffle; since the baffle is provided with a diversion groove, the water will flow down along the diversion groove, thereby preventing the condensed water formed by the water vapor from entering the human body when inhaling. . The gas exhaled by the patient enters the protection box, and the pressure inside the protection unit near the end of the endotracheal tube increases, and the condensate pipe of the ventilator communicates with the water inlet check valve of the water bag. valve; so that the condensed water can only flow out from the drain one-way valve on the surface of the water bag, and the condensed water will clean the surface of the baffle and the inside of the protective box; There is a water outlet pipe, and the water in the protection box can flow out through the water outlet pipe. In addition, one end of the baffle is provided with an exhalation one-way valve for one-way ventilation during exhalation, and the exhaled gas will return to the ventilator through this one-way valve; because the exhaled gas contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, part of the carbon dioxide will be dissolved in The condensed water flows out of the protective box with the water, so that the carbon dioxide produced in the respiration process is effectively processed.

When the patient inhales or the ventilator makes the patient inhale, the inhaled gas will pass through the air filter, and the air filter will filter the harmful impurities in the inhalation. At the same time, during the inhalation process, due to the negative pressure inside the protection unit near the end of the endotracheal tube, the condensed water is sucked into the water bag for the next cleaning of the protection box.

The beneficial effects of this basic scheme are: the ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device effectively prevent the water vapor generated by exhalation from condensing into water and then flow back to the patient's lungs, causing the patient to cough; it also blocks the condensation in the ventilator. The water flows into the patient's body under the action of inhalation, causing the patient to choke. During the use of the protection device, the condensed water in the ventilator can be sucked into the protection unit, thereby cleaning the inside of the protection box, so that the bacteria on the inner wall of the protection device can be cleaned in time and effectively during use. During the use of the ventilator, if the patient coughs and produces sputum, the sputum can be washed away in time when it enters the protection unit through the exhalation tube, effectively preventing the patient from aggravating the condition if the sputum is not treated in time. This device does not need other power, and only relies on the patient's breathing or the function of the ventilator to make the patient breathe. It can realize the treatment of the condensed water generated during the patient's breathing process, and continuously clean the protective box, thereby effectively reducing the patient's breathing process. It also prevents bacteria from breeding in the protective box, ventilator pipe, and tracheal intubation, thereby avoiding the use of the ventilator and affecting the patient's health. Compared with the existing technology, this device effectively treats the condensed water generated during the use of the ventilator, effectively preventing the condensed water from flowing into the patient's lungs and causing the patient's condition to be serious; at the same time, the device can continuously clean the patient during breathing , effectively prevent the bacterial growth in the device from affecting the patient's condition.

Preferred option 1: As a preferred option of the basic option, the outlet pipe is provided with a flow limiting valve. The flow limiting valve can adjust the flow rate of the water in the protection box to prevent the gas breathed by the patient from entering and leaving the water outlet pipe after all the water in the protection box flows out.

Preferred option 2: As the preferred option of the basic option, absorbent cotton is placed horizontally on the lower part of the protective box, and the absorbent cotton is supported by a porous sponge. Water-absorbing cotton and prevent the accumulated water inside the cleaning protection box from flowing everywhere in the protection box when the device is tilted or turned upside down during use.

The third preferred solution: As a preferred option of the basic solution, the ventilation tube extends into the protective box, and the end of the ventilation tube is close to the suction one-way valve. One side of the ventilation tube located in the protection box is suspended in the air, so that the water in the protection box cannot flow into the ventilation tube; further, the gas breathed in by the patient when exhaling is the gas provided by the ventilator.

Preferred option four: As the preferred option of the basic option, the ventilation pipe is elliptical, and the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively larger than the semi-elliptical cross-sections of the inhalation pipe and the exhalation pipe. of the same width. This structure is convenient for design and manufacture.

Preferred Solution 5: As a preferred solution of Preferred Solution 4, both the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate are made of hard rubber with a thickness of 0.2-0.8 mm. The hard rubber can make the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate seal and close the suction pipe and the exhalation pipe when they are rotated. The thickness of the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate is 0.2-0.8mm, which can make the first blocking plate The weight of the board and the second resistance board is lighter, and the friction with the inner wall of the ventilation pipe is also lighter, which is more conducive to the breathing of the patient.

The sixth preferred solution: As a preferred option of the basic solution, there are multiple diversion grooves, and the diversion grooves are arranged vertically on the baffle. It is convenient to drain the water in the protective box from multiple directions, and it is more convenient to drain the water in the protective box to the water outlet pipe.

Preferred Solution 7: As a preferred option of the basic solution, the air filter is located on the side of the suction pipe close to the baffle, and the first baffle is located on the side of the suction pipe away from the baffle. Prevent the gas generated from entering the inspiratory tube when exhaling, and prevent the sputum produced during coughing from entering the inspiratory tube and contaminating the inspiratory tube.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the ventilator pipeline and endotracheal tube protection device of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by means of specific embodiments:

The reference numerals in the drawings of the description include: protection box 10, baffle plate 11, inhalation one-way valve 111, exhalation one-way valve 112, diversion groove 113, water bag 12, drainage one-way valve 121, ventilation pipe 13 , suction pipe 131, filter 1311, first baffle 1312, exhalation pipe 132, second baffle 1321, outlet pipe 14, restrictor valve 141, absorbent cotton 15, ventilator pipeline 20, tracheal intubation tube 30.

As shown in Figure 1, the protective device for ventilator pipeline and endotracheal tube includes a protective box 10 and a water bag 12, the front end of the box is in communication with the endotracheal tube 30, and the rear end of the protective box 10 is connected to the ventilator pipeline through the ventilation tube 13. 20 connections. A baffle 11 is fixed in the middle of the protective box 10, and the baffle 11 is located between the endotracheal intubation tube 30 and the ventilator pipeline 20, and separates the endotracheal intubation tube 30 from the ventilator pipeline 20; The concave direction is towards the side of the endotracheal tube 30; the left part of the baffle plate 11 is equipped with an inspiratory check valve 111 for one-way ventilation when inhaling, and the right part of the baffle plate 11 is equipped with an exhalation valve 111 for one-way ventilation when exhaling. For the air check valve 112 , a plurality of diversion grooves 113 are provided on the concave surface of the baffle 11 , and the diversion grooves 113 are vertically arranged on the baffle 11 . The water bag 12 is fixed on the concave side of the baffle plate 11, and the surface of the water bag 12 is provided with a drain check valve 121, and the water bag 12 communicates with the water inlet check valve of the condensation water pipe of the ventilator.

The ventilation pipe 13 is oval, and one end of the ventilation pipe 13 extends into the protective box 10, and its end is close to the suction check valve 111; tube 131 and exhalation tube 132. An air filter 1311 is arranged inside the suction pipe 131, and a first blocking plate 1312 is hinged on the partition facing the side of the suction pipe 131. The first blocking plate 1312 is obliquely arranged in the suction pipe 131. The included angle between the plate 1312 and the partition hinge is located on the side of the endotracheal tube 30, so that the first blocking plate 1312 can only swing on the side facing the endotracheal tube 30 in the suction pipe 131; The side of the air pipe 131 is close to the baffle 11 , and the first baffle 1312 is located in the side of the suction pipe 131 away from the baffle 11 . A second blocking plate 1321 is hinged on the side facing the exhalation pipe 132 on the partition, and the second blocking plate 1321 is obliquely arranged in the exhalation pipe 132, and the angle between the second blocking plate 1321 and the hinge of the partition is located away from The endotracheal tube 30 side, so that the second blocking plate 1321 can only swing on the side away from the endotracheal tube 30 in the exhalation tube 132 . The first baffle 1312 and the second baffle 1321 are respectively larger than the semi-elliptical cross-section of the suction pipe 131 and the exhalation pipe 132, and their minor axis is consistent with the width of the partition; the first baffle 1312 and the second baffle 1321 are all made of hard rubber with a thickness of 0.2-0.8mm.

A water outlet pipe 14 is provided at the lower end of the protection box 10 near the side of the tracheal intubation tube 30 , and a flow limiting valve 141 is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe 14 to adjust the speed at which water flows out of the protection box 10 . Water-absorbing cotton 15 is placed horizontally on the lower part of the protection box 10, and the water-absorbing cotton 15 is supported by a porous sponge. Absorbent cotton 15 prevents the device from being tilted or turned upside down during use, and the accumulated water inside the cleaning protection box 10 pours out and flows in the protection box 10 .

When using this device, the device is installed between the ventilator pipeline 20 and the endotracheal tube 30; if the patient is inhaling or the ventilator is supplying air to the patient, a negative pressure will be generated in the endotracheal tube 30. Under the action, the first blocking plate 1312 will rotate along the partition to open, and the gas inhaled into the patient’s body will pass through the ventilator pipeline 20, the protective box 10, the inhalation one-way valve 111, the air filter 1311, and the inhalation tube 131 in sequence. 1. Endotracheal intubation tube 30 enters the patient's body; if the patient exhales or the ventilator makes the patient inhale, the exhaled gas will pass through the exhalation tube 132, the protection unit, the exhalation one-way valve 112, the ventilator pipeline 20, and back into the ventilator.

When the patient exhales or the ventilator supplies air to the patient, the gas exhaled by the patient will enter the protection unit through the exhalation tube 132. Since the protection unit is equipped with an arc-shaped baffle 11, most of the exhaled gas first touches the baffle 11. The water vapor carried by exhalation will condense into water on the concave side of the baffle plate 11. The condensed water on the baffle plate 11 will flow down along the diversion groove 113, and flow out from the water outlet pipe 14 at the bottom of the protective box 10, thereby effectively preventing the condensed water formed by water vapor from entering the human body when inhaling. The gas exhaled by the patient enters the protection box 10, and the pressure at the end of the protection unit close to the endotracheal intubation tube 30 increases. There is a drainage one-way valve 121; so that the condensed water can only flow out from the drainage one-way valve 121 on the surface of the water bag 12, and the condensed water will clean the surface of the baffle plate 11 and the inside of the protective box 10; because the protective box 10 A water outlet pipe 14 is provided at the lower end of one side of the endotracheal intubation tube 30 , and the water in the protective box 10 can flow out through the water outlet pipe 14 . In addition, one end of the baffle plate 11 is provided with an exhalation one-way valve 112 for one-way ventilation during exhalation, and the exhaled gas will return to the ventilator through this one-way valve; because the exhaled gas contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, part of the carbon dioxide will It dissolves in condensed water and flows out of the protective box 10 with the water, so that the carbon dioxide produced in the respiration process is effectively processed.

When the patient inhales or the ventilator makes the patient inhale, the inhaled gas will pass through the air filter 1311, and the air filter 1311 will filter harmful impurities in the inhalation. At the same time, during the inhalation process, due to the negative pressure inside the protection unit near the end of the endotracheal tube 30 , condensed water is sucked into the water bag 12 for use in cleaning the protection box 10 next time. In the process of using this device, the speed of water flowing out of the protective box 10 can be adjusted through the flow limiting valve 141, so that there is always water in the protective box 10, so as to prevent the gas that the patient breathes in and out from the water outlet pipe 14 when there is no water in the ventilation pipe 13 . If the protective box 10 is tilted or turned upside down during the use of the device, the water inside the protective box 10 can be absorbed by the absorbent cotton 15, thereby preventing the accumulated water inside the protective box 10 from flowing everywhere in the protective box 10.

What is described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the scheme are not described here too much. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation of the present invention. Effects and utility of patents.

Claims (8)

1. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device, including a protective box that is sealed and connected between the ventilator pipeline and the tracheal intubation. The inside of the protective box is provided with a baffle that separates the ventilator pipeline from the tracheal intubation. It is arc-shaped, and the concave direction of the baffle is facing the side of the endotracheal tube; one end of the baffle is provided with an inspiratory one-way valve for one-way ventilation during inhalation, and the other end of the baffle is provided with one-way ventilation for exhalation The expiratory one-way valve is provided with a diversion groove on the concave surface of the baffle; it is characterized in that it also includes a water bag and a water inlet one-way valve, the water bag is fixed on the concave side of the baffle, and the water bag It communicates with the condensate pipe of the ventilator through the water inlet one-way valve, and the surface of the water bag is provided with a drainage one-way valve; the inside of the protection box is provided with a ventilation tube at the connection with the endotracheal tube, and the inside of the ventilation tube is provided with a partition, The separator divides the ventilation pipe into an inhalation pipe and an exhalation pipe; an air filter is arranged in the inhalation pipe, and a first resistance plate is hinged on the side facing the inhalation pipe on the partition plate, and the first resistance plate is only in the inhalation pipe. It can swing on the side facing the endotracheal tube; the side of the partition facing the inside of the exhalation tube is hinged with a second blocking plate, and the second blocking plate can only swing on the side away from the endotracheal tube in the exhalation tube; the protective box A water outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the side close to the endotracheal tube inside. 2. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a flow limiting valve is provided on the outlet pipe. 3. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that absorbent cotton is placed horizontally on the lower part of the protective box, and the absorbent cotton is supported by a porous sponge. 4. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the ventilation tube extends into the protective box, and the end of the ventilation tube is close to the suction one-way valve. 5. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation tube is oval in shape, and the first damper and the second damper are respectively larger than the inhalation tube and the exhalation tube Semi-elliptical in cross-section with the minor axis corresponding to the width of the partition. 6. The protective device for ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation according to claim 5, characterized in that, the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate are both made of hard rubber with a thickness of 0.2-0.8mm. 7. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple diversion grooves, and the diversion grooves are vertically arranged on the baffle. 8. The ventilator pipeline and tracheal intubation protection device according to claim 1, wherein the air filter is located on the side of the inspiratory tube close to the baffle, and the first baffle is located in the inspiratory tube away from the baffle side.