CN107265930A - A kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste - Google Patents
A kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107265930A CN107265930A CN201710081636.7A CN201710081636A CN107265930A CN 107265930 A CN107265930 A CN 107265930A CN 201710081636 A CN201710081636 A CN 201710081636A CN 107265930 A CN107265930 A CN 107265930A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solid waste
- heterogeneous solid
- recycling
- waste according
- discarded object
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/30—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds
- C04B26/32—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/28—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to heterogeneous field of waste recycle, a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste is disclosed.This method includes step：(1) by degrading or rinsing to remove the organic principle in heterogeneous solid waste；(2) shredded waste；(3) discarded object is washed to remove any active chemistry retained, acid, alkali, disinfectant or detergent；(4) more than one fibrous matter is added；(5) more than one sicker is added；(6) one or more hydrophilic polymers are added；(7) one or more hydrophobic polymers are added；(8) further grinding, obtains discarded object mixture；(9) discarded object mixture is poured into mould, standing does last drying and solidification after stabilizing it.Made product of recycling the waste can be used for：Decoration, isolation, construction material, container and the substitute as cement.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be used to recycle heterogeneous solid waste the invention belongs to heterogeneous field of waste recycle
The method of thing.
Background technology
It is one highly difficult that heterogeneous discarded object is handled in the case of not sorted, high cost and nobody grinds for a long time
The problem studied carefully.
Biologic medical discarded object (BMW) is most intractable one kind in heterogeneous discarded object because its contain it is pathogenic micro-
It is biological, be mixed with various materials, and law does not allow to sort it.
Biologic medical discarded object, such as medical treatment and laboratory waste generally include sharppointed article, sharps container, red medicine
Thing, Micro-Organism Culture Dish, dialysis apparatus, plastic tube, textile, dyestuff, clothing, carton paper, liquid, organic matter and other things
Matter, these are all the potential source of infection and dangerous matter sources, may polluted by potential dangerous or infective micro-organisms.
Biologic medical discarded object must be sterilized before any recycling is carried out.Need to use special installation to reach
Provide desired Germicidal Efficacy, such as various bacteriums, virus, fungi and bacterial spore.However, in order to reach recycling
Purpose, all waste thing is required for carrying out thoroughly sterilization before being exposed in environment and crowd.
Bio-waste is processed into " can not recognize " state in order to reach requirement, also crushes to the greatest extent may be used by discarded object
The small particle of energy.For recycling, this process is extremely important, because people using Biohazard Waste for reclaiming material
Expect that the product made nourishes fear.
In order to protect the public and health care workers, this kind of occupation for being commonly exposed to biologic medical discarded object of healthcare workers
Crowd in danger, BMW must be managed properly.
Sterilize and sterilization can be realized by multiple technologies under normal circumstances, including：Steam sterilizing, radiation sterilization, chemistry disappears
Poison, the combination of high-temperature sterilization (including burning, microwave, radiation) and above method.These technologies are not especially to meet people
It is required that, because these methods can generally leave sharp aroma, bloodstain, bacterial growth medium, or even bodily tissue.These it is organic into
The residual divided can cause invasive organism after processing to regrow, and can also discarded object is become not during recycling
It is stable, because organic components therein can constantly degrade.
The processing of the processing of heterogeneous discarded object, such as Biohazard Waste, from the point of view of environmental being one highly closes
The problem of note.Biohazard Waste generally has infectivity, and processing mode primarily now is long-term in refuse landfill after sterilizing
Degraded.Although mass part can be recycled in Biohazard Waste, because these materials are infected the pollution in source,
And the worry that Biohazard Waste is polluted is influenceed by people, these materials are not recycled utilization.Which results in
Originally the material for the value multi-million dollar that can be recovered is wasted, and occupy preciousness land fill space,
In order to reach required by regulation by heterogeneous offal treatment into " can not recognize " state, also for making discarded object
It is adequately exposed to thermally and chemically sterilised medium neutralization as far as possible preferably to recycle, in addition it is also necessary to be ground into these discarded objects
Little particle.
The recycling of discarded object has attracted extensive interest in environmental protection and creation profit aspect after processing.The recovery process
Process can be used for biologic medical discarded object, later it is also possible to expanding to various heterogeneous discarded objects, such as life/municipal garbage.
Discarded object is divided into the discarded object that can be sorted and the discarded object that can not be sorted, the discarded object that prior art pair can be sorted
Recycle complex operation, and to the recycling of discarded object that can not sort just not effective ways.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcoming and deficiency of prior art heterogeneous solid for recycling there is provided one kind
The method of body discarded object.Heterogeneous solid waste includes substantial amounts of unstable organic matter；The inventive method can be realized to non-
Homogeneous solid discarded object handle and finally produces the recovery and reuse of waste product of integral asepsis.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste, is comprised the steps of：
(1) by degrading or rinsing to remove the organic principle in heterogeneous solid waste；
(2) discarded object is crushed；
(3) discarded object is washed to remove any active chemistry retained, acid, alkali, disinfectant or detergent；
(4) more than one fibrous matter is added into discarded object；
(5) more than one sicker is added into discarded object；
(6) more than one hydrophilic polymer is added into discarded object；
(7) more than one hydrophobic polymer is added into discarded object；
(8) further grinding, obtains discarded object mixture；
(9) discarded object mixture is poured into mould, standing does last drying and solidification after stabilizing it.
Heterogeneous solid waste described in step (1) is biological or Medical Solid Wastes.
Heterogeneous solid waste described in step (1) is common environmental sanitation solid refuse.
The step (1) further comprises carrying out disinfection to the discarded object.
The method of the sterilization is chemical disinfection.
The method of the sterilization is heat sterilization.
The disinfectant that step (1) degrade the organic matter degradation agent used and the sterilization are used is same chemicals
Matter.
The process of step (1) degraded and sterilization is completed simultaneously in same stage.
Step (1) degraded and sterilization, and the process of step (2) described crushing is completed simultaneously in same stage
's.
The step of step (2) further comprises the discarded object of crushing carrying out heat sterilization processing.
Disinfectant used in the chemical disinfection is selected from following material and in step (3) washing
During it is still active：Cationic detergent, non-ionic detergent and anionic detergent.
Disinfectant used in the chemical disinfection is one or more of organic matter degradation agent, including hypochlorous acid, mistake
Hydrogen oxide, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide or any other acid or alkali that chemical degradation or flushing are carried out to organic principle.
The heterogeneous solid waste is ground into the little particle that particle diameter is less than 5cm, to ensure all tables of discarded object
Face can fully be contacted with disinfectant.
The disinfecting process is carried out in mixing reactor.
Step (4) described fibrous matter is derived from the natural fiber of plant and/or mammal, and/or the fibre synthesized
One or more of dimension, including cellulose, wool, lignin, flax, synthetic fibers, glass fibre and mineral wool.
Step (5) described sicker be polysaccharide, resin, silica gel or other.
Step (6) described hydrophilic polymer is water miscible, in step (9) mistake for doing last drying and solidification
Cheng Zhong, because with time loss polymerization occurs for moisture in mixture；The preferred polyacrylic acid of hydrophilic polymer, polyethylene glycol
Or poly- phthalein amine.
Step (7) described hydrophobic polymer is dissolved in the polymer of organic solvent, and last do is being done described in step (9)
During dry and solidification, it polymerize and solidifies as organic solvent volatilizees；It is the preferred polyethylene of hydrophobic polymer, polypropylene, poly-
Styrene or hydrophobic polyacrylate.
The separation of physically or chemically form occurs with the time for above-mentioned hydrophilic polymer and hydrophobic polymer.
The hydrophobic polymer provides waterproof layer for the product that heterogeneous solid waste salvage material makes.
Flame-retardant compound is added in heterogeneous solid waste salvage material, prevents product from being burnt when meeting fire.
Step (8) grinding is that discarded object is ground to form into the particle that average grain diameter is less than 5mm.
Step (3) washing is rinsed with water or detergent.
Step (3) is described to wash the solution that uses and separation of solid and liquid and is gone after use by catalytic oxidation or other method
Except the residue rinsed to purify water therein.
When the fibrous matter is the fiber for coming from reclaim paper, paper fiber be added to solid waste mixture it
Preceding elder generation dissolves in water.
Step (9) drying and solidification are under normal temperature or heating condition.
Heterogeneous solid waste salvage material is stored in stand-by in sealing container.
Heterogeneous solid waste salvage material, which makes, turns into heat-insulated and sound insulation product.
Heterogeneous solid waste salvage material, which makes, turns into construction material, wall, wall skin, container, ground and other plates
Face, and cement replacement.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
(1) the inventive method with organic matter using quickly reacting and the solution that is carried out disinfection to discarded object is to useless simultaneously
Gurry carries out erosion, and the organic principle in discarded object is degraded or rinsed out；Hereafter reaction solution can be separated from solid
Out recycled, to reduce environmental pollution.The solid for eliminating organic matter is further crushed, then by finally disappearing
Poison, and recycle.It the method achieve and heterogeneous solid waste is recycled on the premise of without sorting,
It is applied widely, it is easy and effective, efficiently save manpower and materials.
(2) purpose for adding fibrous matter is that the discarded composition granule of crushing is bonded together by physical method；Add
The purpose of sicker is the further bonding effect for strengthening discarded composition granule；The purpose for adding hydrophilic polymer is to make discarded object
Particle and other water-soluble additives polymerize and preferably bonded；The purpose for adding hydrophobic polymer is to enable mixture
Keep stable in water, the product made for heterogeneous solid waste salvage material provides waterproof layer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to illustrate its process for handling heterogeneous discarded object according to the application example of the present invention.
Fig. 1 a are separation of solid and liquid process figure after degraded organic principle in flushing solid waste mixture.
Fig. 2 is to reclaim product composition chart, wherein 1 is hydrophobic layer, 2 be hydrophilic polymer, and 3 be fibrous matter, and 4 be useless
Gurry particle.
Fig. 3 is an application example according to the present invention, illustrates a micro- sem observation picture of section for reclaiming product,
Illustrate the waterproof layer of salvage material；Wherein 1 is fibrous matter, and 2 be hydrophobic layer, and 3 be air, and 4 be discarded composition granule.
Fig. 4 illustrates the tile being made of salvage material, has used the waterproof technique in the present invention；Wherein 1 is fiber, 2
For hydrophobic layer.
Fig. 5 is that tile in Fig. 4 removes picture after waterproof layer, and 1 is discarded composition granule, and 2 be fiber.
Fig. 6 illustrates the separation layer on the finished product being made using heterogeneous scrap concrete material of the invention；The finished product exists
Processing onsite application is made of Coagulation Method.
Fig. 7 illustrates the picture that the packaging film that heterogeneous discarded object technology is made is recycled with the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited
In this.
Some application examples of the present invention are described herein purely by way of example.There are feelings of the detailed drawing as reference
Under condition, it should be highlighted that simply example presented herein, and for the purpose of explaining the practical application of the present invention.Therefore, appended by drawing
Illustrate professional can be made to be expressly understood how the present invention applies.
Heterogeneous discarded object, such as biological, Biohazard Waste (being hereafter referred to as " discarded object ") are reclaimed the invention discloses one kind
Method.Technology disclosed herein is used to reclaim discarded object after sterilization and degradation of organic substances.
Optionally, this method includes：Crush, the chemical degradation of organic principle or flushing, discarded object are simultaneously or successively carried out
Sterilization or degraded and crushing.Method disclosed herein protects environment, reduces the landfill of discarded object.
Optionally, this method carries out chemical disinfection with a kind of chemical composition, so that by the remaining organic content in discarded object
By either physically or chemically removing.
Optionally, chemical degradation can be carried out to discarded object, so that the remaining organic content in discarded object be removed.
Optionally, organic matter is degraded or rinsed out from other materials in discarded object.
Optionally, after sterilization and the degraded of organic principle and flushing, waste residue will be washed with water or neutral liquid, to go
Except remaining organic matter and/or degradation solution and/or thimerosal therein.
Optionally, the discarded object for removing organic principle is mixed with fibrous matter, such as cellulose, wool and synthetic fibers.
Optionally, solid mixture is further mixed with sicker and hydrophilic polymer, and is further ground and stirred
Uniformly.
Optionally, mixture can be mixed with fire retardant matter before the grinding, it is become non-combustible.
Optionally, hydrophobic polymer can be added into mixture, with recovery product product surface formation waterproof layer.
Optionally, mixture can be added into the mould of final products, and is dried and cured.It is optionally possible to select
Select progress or without heating.
Optionally, the final process of product includes such as paint, cutting, the such technique of coating.
Others details of the invention and application example will be described below.
Being represented using " recovery " and " recovery " in this explanation and its separate statement will be used discarded
Material is acted upon, and for manufacturing the behavior of new product.
Herein described " sterilizing ", refer to any to kill or remove from surface, equipment, object or a medicine
The process of transferable material (such as fungi, bacterium, virus, spore).This word includes that one or more can be killed completely
The process of material can be transmitted, also including the level that can make that material can be transmitted compared with the process that before processing is substantially reduced.Should at some
50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 99%, 99.99% should be at least reached with the killing ratio that material in example, can be transmitted,
Even 100%.The meaning of " sterilizing " one word should include complete sterilizing, and partial sterilization process, such as heating sterilization.
Heterogeneous discarded object, such as Biohazard Waste may contain the mixture of various different materials, such as metal, glass and modeling
Material；These materials include but is not limited to from different articles：Syringe needle, syringe, pipeline, bottle, Petri dish, weaving
Such material such as product, carton, paper.
Fig. 1 be according to the present invention method flow chart, based on some embodiments, to it is this be used for reclaim containing it is various not
With the conceptual illustration of the method for the heterogeneous discarded object of material.The present invention is carried out more detailed to waste material by some embodiments
At least 10% is included in some other embodiment comprising at least 1% organic principle in research to the greatest extent, some embodiments, is also had
Other embodiments comprising at least 30%, then include at least 50% organic principle.
Recovery method described in Fig. 1 potentially includes step 502, that is, add by various materials mix it is heterogeneous solid
Body discarded object, including biological infection discarded object, Biohazard Waste, domestic refuse or any heterogeneous discarded object.Hereafter discard
Thing can be crushed, and can optionally be carried out disinfection while crushing.In some application examples, discarded object can be also ground.
In some embodiments, heterogeneous discarded object is produced in medical procedures.
Described " medical procedures " refer to any Medical Devices herein, and material, container, laboratory procedure includes but is not limited to：
Biohazard Waste container, aneroid pipeline equipment and fluid path equipment, Biohazard Waste container are (such as：Sharp objects container, pathogenic waste
Container, RCRA containers and chemotherapy container), syringe, conduit, culture dish, dialysis machine, irrigating syringe, urine cup, flask for medicinal preparations,
Sterilize binder and fluid collection tube.
In some application examples, term " Biohazard Waste " refers to hybrid medical discarded object, includes but is not limited to：It is a kind of or
A variety of plastics, moulding, rubber, glass, metal, paper, textile and blood.The example of other Biohazard Wastes is included but not
It is limited to：Sharps container (contains plastics, one or more glass, metal, rubber).
Method described in Fig. 1, comprising step 504, is crushed to heterogeneous discarded object.Heterogeneous discarded object is by powder
Broken is tiny particle (hereinafter referred to as " particle ").In some application examples, the discarded object after crushing will also be by further
Grinding and stirring.
Discarded composition granule can be crushed as tiny size, such as：It is 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm or 5cm on length direction,
Including the value between them.In other nonrestrictive examples, shredded waste includes particle of the size in 5cm.At other
In non-limiting examples, particle is spherical, and measurement size is the radius of particle.
Optionally, crushing and grinding can be coordinated and made with box dumper, storage bin, screw feeder by appropriate grinder
For completing.It is to be understood that particle size listed above is only used for citing, it does not limit the scope of the invention.Comminution of material
It may return in container, continue to grind to form smaller size while circulation in systems.
Method described in Fig. 1 carries out disinfection before or while being included in crushing to discarded object.Sterilization can pass through heat, steaming
Vapour or chemical disinfection.During using chemical disinfection, particle should be sufficiently small, allows thimerosal and discarded object all surface, inner chamber, sky
Hole is fully contacted.
Method in Fig. 1 includes step 506, and the organic matter in shredded waste is degraded and (also cried " processing ").
In some application examples, these organic matters are non-particulate organic matters.In some application examples, organic matter is that graininess is organic
Thing.In some application examples, organic matter is liquid, such as blood and nutrient solution.
The tense of term " degraded " herein and its correlation can be a kind of organic principle by a kind of oxidant or reaction
Depleting substance degrades (step 505).For example, aliphatic hydrocarbon is oxidized to corresponding alcohol, either single or multi-element alcohol,
Aldehyde, carbonic acid, or similar material, and eventually become carbon dioxide.Aromatic hydrocarbon is also oxidable into corresponding alcohol, either single or two
Alcohol, acetic acid etc., and eventually become carbon dioxide, carbonic acid or similar material.
In some application examples, degradation reaction is oxidation reaction.In some application examples, Oxidative Degradation Process is raw
Thing is degraded, and organic principle is degraded by microorganisms.
The degraded of organic matter can be completed by chemical agent, at least 50% in degradable discarded object, 60%, 70%,
80%th, 90%, 95% or 99% organic principle (being referred to as " debirs ").Optionally, degradation process can be complete in a short time
Into such as 30 minutes or less, or 10 minutes or less.
In some application examples, the degraded of degradable polymer can be completed by hydrolysis or ammonolysis reaction.Term " drop
Solution " can refer to the extreme case of hydrolysis or ammonolysis process.
Degradation process can realize that it includes at least one of following material by using alkaline solution：Hydroxide
Ammonium, ethanol alkaline solution, alkaline amine aqueous solution and its derivative, alkaline solution itself can degrade.
The degraded of organic matter can be obtained by reusing oxidation furnaces or process after heating evaporation organic principle.
Crushing, sterilizing and the flushing of shredded waste should be carried out actually at the same time, such as in a kind of mother liquor, strengthen sterilization
Efficiency and effect.There is known suitable disinfectant in current industry.
Antiseptic solution can carry out disinfection to Biohazard Waste, while degradation of organic substances.
Term " antiseptic solution ", " disinfectant ", " disinfectant " can be used instead mutually herein.
In some application examples, disinfectant can also be used for decomposing organic waste.
It is such as logical to the agent of discarded object spray disinfectant and the action of degradation agent by controlling organization control in some application examples
Cross and control one or more valves or pump machine to control.
In some application examples, disinfectant can be to be non-ionic, and/or cationic, and/or ionic, and/or
Detergent.In some non-restrictive example of application, disinfectant may be containing one or more known with antimicrobial in the industry
The surfactant and/or detergent of activity.In some non-restrictive example of application, disinfectant may contain one or more
With antibacterial activity such as season ammoniac compounds surfactant.
In some non-restrictive example of application, suitable disinfectant is made up of the one or more of following material：Secondary chlorine
Acid or hydrogen peroxide or sulfuric acid or any other acid or sodium hydroxide or any, can be any one or more of groups therein
Close.
In some application examples, discarded object is mixed while crushing with antiseptic solution (step 503), so as to promote to give up
Gurry is fully contacted with antiseptic solution.In non-limiting examples, the crushing of discarded object and chemical disinfection can be carried out simultaneously.Non-
In limitative examples, discarded object crushes at least 1 minute, or at least 2 minutes, or at least 3 points in the environment of contact sterilizing solution
Clock, or at least 4 minutes, or at least 5 minutes, or at least 6 minutes, or at least 7 minutes, or at least 8 minutes, or at least 9 minutes, or
At least 10 minutes, or at least 11 minutes, or at least 12 minutes, or at least 15 minutes.Every kind of possibility represents the one of the present invention
Individual independent embodiment
As alternative item or additional, the discarded object after crushing can carry out heat sterilization.Optionally, by the powder of chemical disinfection
Discarded object after broken can carry out heat sterilization together with container (interior compartment).Optionally, can also by the discarded object of chemical disinfection
Carry out moise-heat sterilization.
Method described in Fig. 1, may also include step 508 and 510, discarded object is rinsed and separation of solid and liquid,
As shown in fig. 1A.In some application examples, separating step includes the discarded object rinsed with rinse solution after crushing, to remove
Organic matter and/or chemical agent residual and/or solvent and/or cleaning agent residual and/or blood and/or any liquid.At some
In application example, rinsing step includes rinsing discarded object with neutral liquid, makes participation liquid shows neutral.
In some application examples, the liquid discharged in disintegrating mechanism be returned for further sterilizing and remove it is organic into
Point.
Optionally, separation of solid and liquid different is carried out using the density of mixture heterogeneity (solid and liquid).With
This method, the particle of crushing can be collected, and the organic matter of residual can be separated from discarded object, if desired can be with
It is further processed, or directly abandons.
Optionally, the liquid isolated in solid needs to be evaporated, and catalytic converter is passed to, by flushing liquor
Any organic principle evaporation.
Method described in Fig. 1 potentially includes step 512, and polymeric additive is added to the solid waste after crushing
(fibrous matter and sicker additive).Optionally, fibrous matter is from the natural fiber of plant and/or mammal, bag
Include cellulose, wool, lignin and flax more than one；Synthetic fibers, including glass fibre and mineral can also be derived from
One or more of cotton；Optionally, fibrous matter can be derived from the cellulose extracted in reclaim paper, and waste paper first can be with water
(step 507) is mixed, by cellulose dissolution, and then separation of solid and liquid (step 509) removes water, obtains paper fiber；Paper fiber exists
Need first to dissolve in water before being added to solid waste mixture.Paper fiber is added into sicker when use, it is such as poly-
Vinylacetate, optionally, can also add flame-retardant compound (step 511).
Step 512 can be carried out after separating step 510 or simultaneously.
Method described in Fig. 1, potentially includes the step of adding crosslinking agent into the discarded object of crushing.
Optionally, the salvage material from heterogeneous discarded object can add a kind of fibrous matter, as described hereinafter, pass through
The polymer beads of crushing are bonded together by physical method.In some application examples, some discarded composition granules crushed are
Combined by chemical method.In some application examples, the discarded composition granule of crushing is combined by physical method, such as：
It is wrapped in material internal.
Optionally, the salvage material from heterogeneous discarded object can add a kind of sicker additive (also referred to as adhesive)
Such as：The glue that different materials can be bonded together.
Optionally, sicker can be following viscosity additives：1st, the viscosity additives based on rubber；2nd, based on silicon
Viscosity additives；3rd, the polythylene binder additive based on acetic acid；4th, the vinyl monomer of (a) terminal unsaturation and (b) contain
One or both of composition of aqueous acrylic adhesives, the copolymer with vinyl acetic acid formation.
Some sickers are itself inherent viscosities, and other sickers can obtain viscosity by adding viscosity component.Term
" viscosity " can refer to itself with sticking sicker or the sicker of viscosity is obtained by adding viscosity component.
In some application examples, fibrous matter is paper；Fibrous matter is polyester or contained in some application examples
The compound of polyester.In some application examples, fibrous matter is nylon or the compound containing nylon；In some application examples
In, fibrous matter is acrylic resin or the compound containing acrylic resin.
Step 512 and 514 may comprising one from solid mixture remove residual liquid the step of.
Term " additive ", which refers to one kind, can be added in another material, without influenceing it to play original effect
Material.
Sicker additive is a kind of filler or material, is included but is not limited to：Polysaccharide, resin, silica gel, acrylic acid,
It can make discarded composition granule is glutinous to condense together, stable solid form be formed, so as to form preferable material, such as：It is disposable to hold
Device.
Term " fiber " or " fibrous material " include but is not limited to following species：Microcrystalline cellulose, micro organism cellulose, from
The cellulose extracted in ocean or other invertebrates, the wood pulp that machinery is produced, the paper pulp of chemolysis, protist
(forming stem, the string of skin) and cellulose staple fibre.Cellulosic material can be further chemically derived, as such as carboxylic
Change, oxidation, sulphation or carboxylate etc..
In some application examples, (additive herein refers in addition to disinfectant and organic matter degradation agent additive
All materials being added in discarded object) account for it is last pour into mould before discarded object mixture in concentration be (%w/w)
0.1%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%, include the value of between which.
In some application examples, term " filler " refers to specific material, usually natural inorganic thing, can be added to
In solid particle (such as fibre pulp), to provide specific attribute.
In some application examples, term " crosslinking material " or " crosslinking agent " can make a kind of multi-functional, such as double acting
Material, can by with the substance reaction in polymer, promote compound chain between covalent attachment, so as to realize crosslinking
Effect.In some application examples, crosslinking agent refers to a kind of free based component；In some application examples, free based component (
Referred to as generating agent or forming agent) it is organic or inorganic material.
In some application examples, crosslinking agent is one or more following free radical materials：Organic peroxide and azo
Initiator.
The example that other nonrestrictive organic peroxides are applied in invention includes benzoyl peroxide, acetyl group mistake
Oxide, lauroyl peroxide, t-butyl perbenzoate, sodium peroxide, sodium sulphate, alkali acetyl group, and alkaline-earth metal peroxidating
Thing.
Other free radical forming agents include but is not limited to：Azo-compound such as isobutyronitrile.
In some application examples, crosslinking agent refers to cement.Cement can selected from thermoplastic, unsaturated acids,
Acid anhydrides, polyalcohol, PPG, isocyanates and their mixture.
In some application examples, crosslinking agent (such as organic peroxide) accounts for the 0.01% of solid mixture gross weight,
0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, or 1%, include the value of between which.
Optionally, the method described in Fig. 1 potentially includes one and hydrophilic polymer is added into mixed waste
Step (step 513), (step 514) is mixed by discarded object and hydrophilic polymer.Hydrophilic polymer is water miscible, in step
Suddenly (9) are described do last drying and solidification during, because moisture is lost in the time and occurs polymerization in mixture；Appoint
Selection of land, hydrophilic polymer is polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol or poly- phthalein amine.
Optionally, the method described in Fig. 1 potentially includes one and hydrophobic polymer is added into mixed waste
Step (step 515).Mixture is that can be ground and uniform (step 516) after this.Hydrophobic polymer is dissolved in
The polymer of organic solvent, step (9) is described do last drying and solidification during, gather as organic solvent volatilizees
Close solidification；Optionally, hydrophobic polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene or hydrophobic polyacrylate.If do not added
Plus hydrophobic polymer, after the drying salvage material be likely to form relatively thin material layer, similar to film, available for covering.This
Planting cover film can be recycled by process 512 completely.Other reclaim Biohazard Wastes make films cases include but
It is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 7.
Method described in Fig. 1 may also include importing the discarded object after grinding in mould (518), carry out further
Drying and solidification.Stabilized it (step 520) before drying steps 522, it is necessary to which mixture is stood, therefore hydrophobicity is poly-
Compound can be separated from hydrophobic component, and form fish tail and waterproof layer (such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), can produce recovery
Product keep stable when meeting water.
Discarded object after grinding may be stored in closing by the method described in Fig. 1 comprising an alternative step
In container, filler or covering are may be used as, similar to cement, and without using mould.Salvage material is used to cover and managed
The example of the heat-barrier material in road is shown in Fig. 6.
Step 518 described in Fig. 1, solid mixture is imported in prefabricated mould.
Method described in Fig. 1 potentially includes step 520, and mixture is put into a few hours or a couple of days in prefabricated mould,
Until hydrophobic polymer is separated from hydrophobic mixture, and polymerization formation waterproof layer (Fig. 3), surface is covered in,
Make discarded object invisible.Hydrophobic layer is only removed, discarded composition granule and fibrous material can be just seen.
Step 522 hybrid solid may be dried comprising a step.In some application examples, drying can be with
Accelerated by heating solid to more than 40 DEG C.
Fig. 1 potentially includes step 518, pour the mixture into prior designed mould (hereinafter referred to as " and product into
Type ").In some application examples, solid is molded by being drawn in the pattern of particular surface.In some application examples, solid
It is molded by being applied in particular surface；In some application examples, solid by cut into the geomery of needs come into
Type.
In some application examples, the article for also making offer with salvage material.
In some application examples, these articles are used as filled, isolation purposes (Fig. 4 and Fig. 6), for example：Reclaim useless
The purposes of gurry is the composition based on discarded object, such as plastics, textile, cellulose.The composition of discarded object may have cold heat
Attribute, allows it as isolated material.(such as thermal insulation layer)
In some application examples, separation layer is used for building part, such as wall, pipeline, roof and floor (Fig. 4).
In some application examples, the article is container.
The example of the article includes but is not limited to：Packaging for foodstuff and container, beverage packaging and container, Medical Devices packaging,
The packaging and container of agriculture articles for use packaging and container (agricultural chemicals), blood sample or other biological sample, and other various use
The packaging and container on way.
Other example articles include but is not limited to：Container, storage tank, tube wall, rubber seal, pipe-line system, filling machine,
Silo, pump, valve and separator.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 are now described：
Fig. 2 illustrates recovery product composition chart, wherein 1 is hydrophobic layer, 2 be hydrophilic polymer, and 3 be fibrous matter, 4
To discard composition granule.
Fig. 3 illustrates the micro- sem observation figure of waterproof layer made according to the method for the present invention, and waterproof layer is illustrated in detail；
Waterproof layer hydrophilic polymer used during discarded object is recycled is polyethylene glycol；Hydrophobic polymer used is
Hydrophobic polyacrylate；Fibrous matter used is mineral wool (rock wool), synthetic fibers (nylon), paper fiber and cotton fiber；Institute
It is resin with sicker.
Fig. 4 shows the waterproof and heat-insulating sound insulation isolated material with heterogeneous scrap concrete fabrication techniques.
Fig. 5 shows the tissue under the division board waterproof layer made of Biohazard Waste that reclaiming.
Fig. 6 shows the mixing material with storage, and what is made under conditions of without using mould is covered on pipeline
Heat-barrier material.
Fig. 7 shows packs membrane material with what recovery Biohazard Waste made.
Other exemplary articles include the packing material (particle board) of door, and door surfacing.
In some application examples, these articles have cognizable hydrophobic or super hydrophobic surface.
In some application examples, these articles have the property of fire prevention, antistatic and antiultraviolet.
In some application examples, there is founding materials in article.In some application examples, founding materials includes water
Mud, gypsum, non-thermosettable synthetic resin, and such as material of flexible polyurethane material needs.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment of the invention
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (31)
1. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps of：
(1) by degrading or rinsing to remove the organic principle in heterogeneous solid waste；
(2) discarded object is crushed；
(3) discarded object is washed to remove any active chemistry retained, acid, alkali, disinfectant or detergent；
(4) more than one fibrous matter is added into discarded object；
(5) more than one sicker is added into discarded object；
(6) more than one hydrophilic polymer is added into discarded object；
(7) more than one hydrophobic polymer is added into discarded object；
(8) further grinding, obtains discarded object mixture；
(9) discarded object mixture is poured into mould, standing does last drying and solidification after stabilizing it.
2. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Suddenly the heterogeneous solid waste described in (1) is biological or Medical Solid Wastes.
3. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
Suddenly the heterogeneous solid waste described in (1) is common environmental sanitation solid refuse.
4. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：The step (1) further comprises carrying out disinfection to the discarded object.
5. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Institute
The method for stating sterilization is chemical disinfection.
6. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Institute
The method for stating sterilization is heat sterilization.
7. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 4, its feature exists
In：The disinfectant that step (1) degrade the organic matter degradation agent used and the sterilization are used is same chemical substance.
8. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 4, its feature exists
In：The process of step (1) degraded and sterilization is completed simultaneously in same stage.
9. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 4, its feature exists
In：Step (1) degraded and sterilization, and the process of step (2) described crushing is completed simultaneously in same stage.
10. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：The step of step (2) further comprises the discarded object of crushing carrying out heat sterilization processing.
11. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 5, its feature exists
In：Disinfectant used in the chemical disinfection is selected from following material and in the process of step (3) washing
In it is still active：Cationic detergent, non-ionic detergent and anionic detergent.
12. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1 or 5, its feature exists
In：Disinfectant used in the chemical disinfection is one or more of organic matter degradation agent, including hypochlorous acid, peroxidating
Hydrogen, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide or any other acid or alkali that chemical degradation or flushing are carried out to organic principle.
13. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The heterogeneous solid waste is ground into the little particle that particle diameter is less than 5cm, to ensure all surface and the sterilization of discarded object
Agent can be contacted fully.
14. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 13, it is characterised in that：
The disinfecting process is carried out in mixing reactor.
15. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (4) described fibrous matter is derived from the natural fiber of plant and/or mammal, and/or the fiber synthesized, including fibre
Tie up one or more of element, wool, lignin, flax, synthetic fibers, glass fibre and mineral wool.
16. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (5) described sicker be polysaccharide, resin, silica gel or other.
17. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (6) described hydrophilic polymer be it is water miscible, step (9) is described do last drying and solidification during, by
Moisture loses with the time and occurs polymerization in mixture.
18. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 17, it is characterised in that：
The hydrophilic polymer is polyacrylic acid, polyethylene glycol or poly- phthalein amine.
19. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (7) described hydrophobic polymer is dissolved in the polymer of organic solvent, and last drying and solidification is being done described in step (9)
During, it polymerize and solidifies as organic solvent volatilizees.
20. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 19, it is characterised in that：
The hydrophobic polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene or hydrophobic polyacrylate.
21. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to any one of claim 17~20,
It is characterized in that：The separation of physically or chemically form occurs with the time for the hydrophilic polymer and hydrophobic polymer.
22. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 19 or 20, its feature
It is：The hydrophobic polymer provides waterproof layer for the product that heterogeneous solid waste salvage material makes.
23. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Flame-retardant compound is added in heterogeneous solid waste salvage material, prevents product from being burnt when meeting fire.
24. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (8) grinding is that discarded object is ground to form into the particle that average grain diameter is less than 5mm.
25. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (3) washing is rinsed with water or detergent.
26. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 25, it is characterised in that：
Step (3) is described wash the solution that uses separation of solid and liquid and being removed by catalytic oxidation or other method rinsed after use under
The residue come is to purify water therein.
27. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 15, it is characterised in that：
When the fibrous matter is the fiber for coming from reclaim paper, paper fiber is before solid waste mixture is added to first in water
Middle dissolving.
28. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step (9) drying and solidification are under normal temperature or heating condition.
29. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Heterogeneous solid waste salvage material is stored in stand-by in sealing container.
30. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Heterogeneous solid waste salvage material, which makes, turns into heat-insulated and sound insulation product.
31. a kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Heterogeneous solid waste salvage material, which makes, turns into construction material, wall, wall skin, container, ground and other plate faces, Yi Jishui
Mud substitute.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US201662295299P | 2016-02-15 | 2016-02-15 | |
| US62/295,299 | 2016-02-15 |
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| CN107265930A true CN107265930A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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| CN201710081636.7A Pending CN107265930A (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-02-15 | A kind of method for recycling heterogeneous solid waste |
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| CN112064881A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-11 | 吉尔博建筑科技(上海)有限公司 | Heat-bridge-free prefabricated building component and preparation method thereof |
| CN113649392A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-16 | 安徽协和成制药有限公司 | A kind of medicinal residue recovery equipment for processing traditional Chinese medicine and using method thereof |
| CN114930430A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2022-08-19 | E·A·加兹瓦达 | Accelerated tissue lysis |
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Application publication date: 20171020 |