CN107496069B

CN107496069B - A kind of post-surgery fixing device for fracture of tibia

Info

Publication number: CN107496069B
Application number: CN201710906059.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭洪宇; 赵亮; 张杨; 宋瑞鹏; 刘屹林; 王利民
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
Priority date: 2017-09-29
Filing date: 2017-09-29
Publication date: 2019-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-29
Also published as: CN107496069A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of post-surgery fixing device for fracture of tibia, including fixed plate, there are multiple gears of the length direction distribution along fixed plate in fixed plate, have the screw rod with gear coaxially slide on gear, screw rod is with fixed plate through being threadedly coupled；There is the spring for being provided with sliding block with gear multiple the vertical chutes correspondingly, the vertical chute and being placed in above sliding block in fixed plate；The lower end of sliding block is hinged with compression semi-ring through sphere, compression bar is housed on sliding block, the lower part of compression bar is with sliding block through being threadedly coupled, there is the turntable that is coaxially disposed and can horizontally rotate with compression bar on sliding block, the top of turntable and compression bar slides vertically connection, there is the torsional spring being placed in above turntable on sliding block, the both ends of torsional spring are connected with sliding block and turntable respectively；There is the slidable push rod for the top for being placed in turntable on sliding block, the front end of push rod is contacted with screw rod, there is guide rod on push rod, and turntable is equipped with spiral through slot, and guide rod is placed in spiral through slot；There is slidable rack gear in fixed plate, rack gear can be meshed with gear.

Description

A kind of post-surgery fixing device for fracture of tibia

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of medical instrument technology, especially a kind of post-surgery fixing device for fracture of tibia.

Background technique

When carrying out orthopaedic trauma fractures, three reset, fixation, healing key steps are generally divided into, and are fixed then It is the link of forming a connecting link resetted with healing, good fixation not only consolidates reset effect, can also promote healing rate and quality, Simultaneously also have analgesic, mitigate the wounded pain, prevent the condition of the injury aggravate, protection wound, prevent infection, convenient for patient transport etc. it is many Beneficial effect.

Current more common fracture fixation mode is mostly that clamping plate grips method, and this method is although easy to accomplish, but right Operation when fixed is more demanding, and under normal circumstances, skeleton is not absolute straight line or well-regulated curve-like, is with shin bone Example, though it is on the whole rodlike strip, not neat linear extension, there are different degrees of protruding parts, and two There is joint at end；Therefore in fixed tibial, clamping plate length is required to match with limbs length first, is in addition for bony prominence Position will carry out cushioning operation appropriate, and to have prevented Hanging sectionally the case where causes unbalance stress to keep fracture site mobile in patient When generate different degrees of dislocation, but it is excessive easily to occur cushioning position stress in cushioning operating process, also results in stress Uneven situation, thus it is more demanding to the profession of operator.

For above situation, there are also a kind of exter-nal fixer for being specifically used to carry out fracture fixation, exter-nal fixers at present It is the external steelframe being assembled by collet and steel pipe, can be with support bones, correction bone occurs each in agglutination Kind displacement；But this fixator preferably fixes and supports effect to reach, it is solid using being drilled and being penetrated to bone The mode of fixed pole is fixed, and brings unnecessary wound to patient, increases infection risk.

Summary of the invention

For above situation, to make up technical deficiency present in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for tibial bone The post-surgery fixing device of folding, to solve the problems, such as to be not easy in a manner of existing fracture fixation fixed or increase wound.

Its technical solution solved is: including horizontally disposed fixed plate, being equipped in fixed plate can control in fixed plate Multiple gears of rotation, multiple gears are distributed along the length direction of fixed plate, on gear equipped with gear coaxial arrangement and can be The screw rod slid back and forth on gear has the threaded hole to match with screw rod in fixed plate, and screw rod is connect through threaded hole with fixed plate, Constitute gear rotation when, screw rod with gear simultaneously rotate and generate screw-driven between threaded hole, make screw rod on gear before The structure slided afterwards；

The fixed plate is equipped with multiple the vertical chutes that gear rear is corresponded and be placed in gear, the vertical chute It is connected to threaded hole, the vertical chute is provided with the sliding block that can slide up and down, and has in the vertical chute and is placed in vertically setting above sliding block The spring set constitutes structure of the sliding block through spring slide downward in the vertical chute；

The lower end of the sliding block is equipped with the compression semi-ring being placed in below fixed plate, compresses between semi-ring and sliding block through sphere It is hinged and connected；On sliding block be equipped with vertically arranged compression bar, the lower part of compression bar with sliding block through being threadedly coupled, when compression bar is through screw-driven And when moving down, the lower end of compression bar can be contacted with sphere；On sliding block equipped with compression bar coaxial arrangement and can on sliding block level The top of the turntable of rotation, turntable and compression bar slides vertically connection, equipped with the torsional spring being placed in above turntable on sliding block, the two of torsional spring End is connected with sliding block and turntable respectively, constitutes the structure that turntable rotates on sliding block through the torsion of torsional spring；

Equipped with the push rod that is placed in the top of turntable and can slide back and forth on sliding block on the sliding block, the front end of push rod is set In there is the vertically arranged guide rod being placed in below push rod in threaded hole, on push rod, turntable is equipped with the spiral of vertically communicated turntable Through slot, guide rod are placed in spiral through slot, constitute push rod when sliding to the right on sliding block, guidance of the turntable through guide rod Yu spiral through slot And generate the structure of rotation；

Equipped with the rack gear that can be slided along fixed plate length direction in the fixed plate, rack gear can be meshed with gear.

Convenient for fixing, general medical staff can operate the present invention, and will not increase to patient after fixing need not The wound wanted also need not carry out drilling operation to shin bone, alleviate the physical pain of patient, avoid infection brought by wound Risk.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is main view of the invention.

Fig. 2 is A-A cross-sectional view of the invention.

Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of part B in Fig. 2 of the invention.

Fig. 4 is isometric cutaway view of the invention.

Fig. 5 is main view when compression bar and turntable, push rod, guide rod of the invention link together.

Fig. 6 is bottom view when compression bar and turntable, push rod, guide rod of the invention link together.

Fig. 7 is axonometric drawing when compression bar and turntable, push rod, guide rod of the invention link together.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.

It is provided by Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the present invention includes horizontally disposed fixed plate 1, and being equipped in fixed plate 1 can be in fixed plate 1 Multiple gears 2 of left-right rotation, multiple gears 2 are distributed along the length direction of fixed plate 1, are equipped on gear 2 and coaxially set with gear 2 The screw rod 3 set and can slid back and forth on gear 2 has the threaded hole 4 to match with screw rod 3 in fixed plate 1, and screw rod 3 is through screw thread Hole 4 is connect with fixed plate 1, and when constituting the rotation of gear 2, screw rod 3 rotates simultaneously with gear 2 and generates screw thread between threaded hole 4 Transmission, the structure for sliding back and forth screw rod 3 on gear 2；

The fixed plate 1 is equipped with multiple the vertical chutes 5 that 2 rear of gear is corresponded and be placed in gear 2, vertically Sliding slot 5 is connected to threaded hole 4, and the vertical chute 5 is provided with the sliding block 6 that can slide up and down, and is placed on sliding block 6 in the vertical chute 5 The vertically arranged spring 7 of side constitutes structure of the sliding block 6 through the slide downward in the vertical chute 5 of spring 7；

The lower end of the sliding block 6 is equipped with the compression semi-ring 8 for being placed in 1 lower section of fixed plate, compresses between semi-ring 8 and sliding block 6 It is hinged and connected through sphere 9；On sliding block 6 be equipped with vertically arranged compression bar 10, the lower part of compression bar 10 with sliding block 6 through being threadedly coupled, when Through screw-driven and when moving down, the lower end of compression bar 10 can contact compression bar 10 with sphere 9；Equipped with same with compression bar 10 on sliding block 6 The turntable 11 that axis is arranged and can horizontally rotate on sliding block 6, turntable 11 slides vertically with the top of compression bar 10 and connect, on sliding block 6 Equipped with the torsional spring 12 for being placed in 11 top of turntable, the both ends of torsional spring 12 are connected with sliding block 6 and turntable 11 respectively, constitute turntable 11 and pass through The structure that the torsion of torsional spring 12 rotates on sliding block 6；

Equipped with the push rod 13 that is placed in the top of turntable 11 and can be slid back and forth on sliding block 6, push rod 13 on the sliding block 6 Front end be placed in threaded hole 5, have the vertically arranged guide rod 14 for being placed in the lower section of push rod 13 on push rod 13, turntable 11 is equipped with perpendicular To the spiral through slot 15 of perforation turntable 11, guide rod 14 is placed in spiral through slot 15, is constituted push rod 13 and is slided to the right on sliding block 6 When, guidance of the turntable 11 through guide rod 14 and spiral through slot 15 and the structure for generating rotation；

Equipped with the rack gear 16 that can be slided along 1 length direction of fixed plate in the fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 can be with 2 phase of gear Engagement.

In order to make the present invention reach better locating effect, the rack gear 16 when being slided in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 with Multiple gears 2 successively engage；It, can be in position fixing process according to each pressure by successively engaging for rack gear 16 and multiple gears 2 Tight semi-ring 8 carries out manual fine-tuning to compression semi-ring 8 not in place is bonded with the situation that is bonded of shin bone.

In order to make the present invention reach better locating effect, the rack gear 16 when being slided in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 with Multiple gears 2 engage simultaneously；Due to multiple gears 2 rotate synchronously, can according to the actual situation the stopping to rack gear 16 into Row manually controls, to ensure that sliding block 6 and sphere 9 are reliably fixed in current location.

Reach preferably fitting effect to make to compress semi-ring 8, the silicon being arranged below is housed on the compression semi-ring 8 Glue-line 17.

In order to make the present invention reach easily binding effect, it is hinged on the sliding block 6 before being respectively placed in sliding block 6 Two adhesive tape buttons 18 of two sides afterwards.

In order to make gear 2 and screw rod 3 reach better sliding effect, the screw rod 3 is equipped with two opposing upper and lower Section, there is binding face corresponding with section on gear 2, section be bonded face contact.

Then the present invention puts the present invention to the shin bone resetted in use, first reset the shin bone of patient Side keeps the length direction of fixed plate 1 consistent with the length direction of shin bone, and the mobile present invention connects layer of silica gel 17 with front side of shin bone Touching compresses semi-ring 8 according to the tibia sites contacted and carries out automatic rotation with suitable at this time under the universal rotational effect of sphere 9 Answer the shape of shin bone；It keeps patient's shin bone to be in engagement state and press lightly on fixed plate 1 to shin bone direction, compresses semi-ring at this time 8 by shin bone resistance and push sliding block 6 to 1 direction of fixed plate slide, according to the flatness of shin bone different parts, multiple sliding blocks 6 corresponding displacement is slipped in fixed plate 1 after stop, under the elastic force effect of spring 7, sliding block 6 compresses on semi-ring 8 after stopping Layer of silica gel 17 always with tibia contact；When multiple compression semi-rings 8 are completed with shin bone after fitting all in accordance with the position corresponding to it, Stop pressing fixed plate 1, at this point, since the distance of each sliding block 6 sliding is not quite similar, the pressure of the corresponding spring 7 of sliding block 6 Contracting distance is also not exactly the same, therefore the elastic force that multiple springs 7 provide is different, at this time as directly carried out bundling operation, can make shin bone Each position unbalance stress is also easy to produce dislocation after fixed for a long time, therefore sliding block 6 should be made to be located in current location at this time, and by ball Body 9 is fixed to ensure that multiple compression semi-rings 8 and fixed plate 1 become an entirety of adaptation patient's Tibial shape, then carries out Bundling operation, according to the different set of rack gear 16, positioning operation is divided into following two situation:

A) when sliding in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 successively engages rack gear 16 with multiple gears 2: sliding rack 16 makes at this time It slides into the other end from one end of fixed plate 1, since 16 number of teeth of rack gear is fixed, in its sliding process, and multiple gears 2 It is successively engaged with rack gear 16, and the circle number that multiple gears 2 rotate is identical；When gear 2 rotates, screw rod 3 and gear 2 are simultaneously Rotation, while worm drive are generated between screw rod 3 and threaded hole 4 slides screw rod 3 to 6 direction of sliding block, when rack gear 16 and gear 2 Engagement after, gear 2 stops operating with screw rod 3, and the extruding of screw rod 3 and sliding block 6 contacts, and sliding block 6 is fixed on current location And it can not slide up and down；Simultaneously as push rod 13 is placed in threaded hole 4, after screw rod 3, which is moved to, to be contacted with push rod 13, with The continuous movement of screw rod 3, push rod 13 generates under the promotion of screw rod 3 slides and drives guide rod 14 while movement, and turntable 11 is through leading The guidance of bar 14 and spiral through slot 15 and generate rotation；When turntable 11 rotates, compression bar 10 rotates simultaneously therewith, the rotation of compression bar 10 So that compression bar 10 is generated downward movement through the screw-driven between its underpart and sliding block 6, when screw rod 3 stop after, compression bar 10 to Under be moved to the lower end of compression bar 10 and contacted with the extruding of sphere 9, sphere 9 is fixed on current state and can not rotate；

B) when sliding in fixed plate 1, rack gear 16 engages rack gear 16 simultaneously with multiple gears 2: at this time in sliding rack 16 Sliding process in, multiple gears 2 engage simultaneously with rack gear 16, thus multiple gears 2 rotate synchronously；When gear 2 rotates When, screw rod 3 rotates simultaneously with gear 2, while worm drive are generated between screw rod 3 and threaded hole 4 makes screw rod 3 to 6 direction of sliding block Sliding, after the engaging of rack gear 16 and gear 2, gear 2 stops operating with screw rod 3, and screw rod 3 is squeezed with sliding block 6 and contacted, cunning Block 6 is fixed on current location and can not slide up and down；Simultaneously as push rod 13 is placed in threaded hole 4, when screw rod 3 is moved to After contacting with push rod 13, with the continuous movement of screw rod 3, push rod 13 generates under the promotion of screw rod 3 to be slided and drives guide rod 14 It is mobile simultaneously, guidance of the turntable 11 through guide rod 14 and spiral through slot 15 and generate rotation；When turntable 11 rotates, compression bar 10 is same therewith When rotate, the rotation of compression bar 10 makes compression bar 10 generate downward movement through the screw-driven between its underpart and sliding block 6, works as spiral shell After bar 3 stops, compression bar 10, which is moved downward to the lower end of compression bar 10 and squeezes with sphere 9, to be contacted, sphere 9 be fixed on current state and It can not rotate；

After sliding block 6 and sphere 9 are fixed, due to the self-locking of threaded connection, when not influenced by external force, screw rod 3 Movement will not be generated with compression bar 10, fixed plate 1 and multiple compression semi-rings 8 be connected as an entirety and with the Tibial shape phase of patient Matching.

It after the completion of above-mentioned positioning operation, is kept fixed that plate 1 is constant in current location, utilizes the adhesive tape button 18 of 6 two sides of sliding block The present invention is bundled on patient's shank to complete shin bone fixed operation；Since fixed plate 1 and multiple compression semi-rings 8 are connected as one A entirety, and the position of sliding block 6 is locked, therefore the elastic force of spring 7 will not act on patient's through sliding block 6 and compression semi-ring 8 On shin bone, and after the completion of binding, power caused by the binding of the corresponding adhesive tape button 18 of each sliding block 6 passes through entirety dispersion It is transferred on patient's shin bone, the situation of local pressure unevenness will not be generated, have for the holding of shin bone reset state preferable Protecting effect.

At the end of use of the present invention, adhesive tape button 18 is unclamped, the binding force between the present invention and shin bone disappears, and can incite somebody to action at this time The present invention removes；Should carry out reset operation after removing: to above-mentioned opposite direction sliding rack 16, gear 2 is nibbled through rack gear 16 Close and rotate backward, screw rod 3 therewith rotate backward and screw-driven through threaded hole 4 and slided to 2 direction of gear, screw rod 3 with Sliding block 6 separates, and under the elastic force effect of spring 7, sliding block 6 resets downwards pop-up；Simultaneously as the twisting force of torsional spring 12, turns Disk 11 does reset rotation, guidance of the push rod 13 through guide rod 14 and screw thread through slot 15 and slided to 3 direction of screw rod, and compression bar 10 is with turning Disk 11 does reset and rotates and compression bar 10 is made to generate upward movement through the screw-driven between its underpart and sliding block 6, compression bar 10 Lower end separated with sphere 9, compress semi-ring 8 be in active state, when rack gear 16 slide stop after, complete reset operation, so as to In reusing.

Structure of the invention is ingenious, easy to operate, sphere hingedly and sliding block sliding synergy under, compress semi-ring according to The shape of patient's shin bone and generate rotation and offset and finally fit with patient's shin bone, eliminate cushioning operation, simplify solid Determine step；Meanwhile after matching with the completion of patient's shin bone, sliding block and compression semi-ring can be fixed on current state by sliding rack It is set to become an entirety with fixed plate, to ensure that the elastic force of spring will not act on shin bone, and different parts after binding Seizing force is transferred on shin bone through fixed plate dispersion, it is not necessary to worry that local pressure unevenness causes junction to generate dislocation.

Compared to currently used fixing means, the present invention not only easily facilitates fixation, general medical staff It is operated, and unnecessary wound will not be increased to patient after fixing, need not also carried out drilling operation to shin bone, alleviate trouble The physical pain of person avoids infection risk brought by wound.

Claims

1. An postoperative fixation device for tibial fractures, characterized in that it comprises a horizontally arranged fixing plate (1), and the fixing plate (1) is provided with a plurality of gears ( 2), a plurality of gears (2) are distributed along the length direction of the fixed plate (1). The gears (2) are provided with screws (3) which are coaxially arranged with the gears (2) and can slide back and forth on the gears (2). The fixing plate (1) is provided with a threaded hole (4) matching the screw (3). ) rotates with the gear (2) at the same time and generates a threaded transmission with the threaded hole (4), so that the screw (3) slides back and forth on the gear (2);

The fixing plate (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical sliding grooves (5) corresponding to the gears (2) one-to-one and placed behind the gears (2), the vertical sliding grooves (5) and the threaded holes (4). ) connected, the vertical chute (5) is provided with a slider (6) that can slide up and down, and the vertical chute (5) is provided with a vertically arranged spring (7) above the slider (6), forming The structure in which the slider (6) slides down in the vertical chute (5) via the spring (7);

The lower end of the sliding block (6) is equipped with a pressing half ring (8) placed under the fixing plate (1), and the pressing half ring (8) and the sliding block (6) are hinged through a sphere (9). Connected; the slider (6) is provided with a vertically arranged pressure rod (10), and the lower part of the pressure rod (10) is connected with the slider (6) by threads, when the pressure rod (10) moves downward through the thread transmission , the lower end of the pressure rod (10) can be in contact with the sphere (9); the slider (6) is provided with a turntable (11) that is coaxially arranged with the pressure rod (10) and can rotate horizontally on the slider (6). (11) It is vertically slidingly connected with the upper part of the pressing rod (10). The slider (6) is provided with a torsion spring (12) placed above the turntable (11). 6) It is connected with the turntable (11) to form a structure in which the turntable (11) rotates on the slider (6) by the torsion force of the torsion spring (12);

The slider (6) is provided with a push rod (13) that is placed above the turntable (11) and can slide back and forth on the slider (6), and the front end of the push rod (13) is placed in the threaded hole (5) Inside, the push rod (13) is provided with a vertically arranged guide rod (14) placed under the push rod (13), and the turntable (11) is provided with a spiral through groove (15) vertically penetrating the turntable (11), The guide rod (14) is placed in the spiral through groove (15), so that when the push rod (13) slides to the right on the slider (6), the turntable (11) passes through the guide rod (14) and the spiral through groove (15) The structure of rotation is generated by the guidance of ;

The fixing plate (1) is provided with a rack (16) that can slide along the length direction of the fixing plate (1), and the rack (16) can be engaged with the gear (2).

2. A post-operative fixation device for tibial fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the rack (16) slides on the fixing plate (1), the rack (16) is connected to a plurality of gears (16). 2) Engage in turn.

3. A post-operative fixation device for tibial fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the rack (16) slides on the fixing plate (1), the rack (16) is connected to a plurality of gears (16). 2) Engage at the same time.

4. A post-operative fixation device for tibial fractures according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the compression half ring (8) is provided with a silicone layer (17) placed below it.

5. A post-operative fixation device for tibial fracture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slider (6) is horizontally hinged with two Two Velcro Buckles (18).