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CN107574464B - A preparation method of a mushroom-shaped metal column array surface with a hierarchical structure - Google Patents

A preparation method of a mushroom-shaped metal column array surface with a hierarchical structure Download PDF

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CN107574464B
CN107574464B CN201710771070.0A CN201710771070A CN107574464B CN 107574464 B CN107574464 B CN 107574464B CN 201710771070 A CN201710771070 A CN 201710771070A CN 107574464 B CN107574464 B CN 107574464B
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mushroom
preparation
polycarbonate
column array
hierarchical structure
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CN107574464A (en
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于庆杰
王放
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Huaqiao University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种阶层结构蘑菇形金属柱阵列表面的制备方法。本发明以具有纳米孔和微米孔的双层聚碳酸酯膜为模板,通过电镀工艺在金属表面制备了具有微纳米阶层结构的蘑菇形金属柱阵列。该蘑菇形金属柱阵列经过表面氟化后表现为超疏水性。本发明的方法无需昂贵的仪器设备或复杂的工艺流程,简单、经济、制得的表面微结构的机械强度高、持久性强,可以极大的拓展超润湿表面的应用领域。The invention relates to a preparation method for the surface of a layered structure mushroom-shaped metal column array. In the invention, a double-layer polycarbonate film with nano-holes and micro-holes is used as a template, and a mushroom-shaped metal column array with a micro-nano hierarchical structure is prepared on the metal surface by an electroplating process. The mushroom-shaped metal pillar array exhibits superhydrophobicity after surface fluorination. The method of the invention does not need expensive equipment or complicated technological process, is simple, economical, and has high mechanical strength and durability of the obtained surface microstructure, which can greatly expand the application field of the super-wetting surface.

Description

A kind of preparation method with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of material preparation more particularly to a kind of with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface Preparation method.
Background technique
In recent years, the super hydrophobic surface with the contact angle of water greater than 150 ° caused great concern, because it is certainly Cleaning material, microfluidic device and biomaterial etc. have extremely important application prospect in many fields.In nature Certain plants leaf surface, most typically lotus leaf surface, has superhydrophobic property and self-cleaning function (lotus leaf effect).1997 Year, the researchers such as botanist's Bartelot of Univ Bonn Germany are recognized by studying nearly 300 kinds of leaf surface of plant It for this self-cleaning characteristic is caused jointly by the mastoid process of micrometer structure on rough surface and the wax material of surface hydrophobicity 's.2002, the discovery such as river thunder in the mastoid process of lotus leaf surface micrometer structure there is also nanostructure, this micrometer structure with receive The hierarchical structure that rice structure combines is to cause the basic reason of super hydrophobic surface.
Many researchers are attempted to use 3D printing, using the anodic alumina films with branched structure as template, with micron ball and Nanosphere is to cover an edition deep etching, first constructs micrometer structure again on its surface by selective wet chemical etching, plasma etching, from group The multiple technologies such as the technologies such as dress preparation nanostructure, raspberry shape particle prepare stratum's knot that micrometer structure is combined with nanostructure Structure surface.But existing method is related to the process flow of expensive instrument and equipment or complexity more, it is difficult to super for large area The preparation on surface, while super wetting surface micro-structure bad mechanical strength prepared at present are soaked, service life is shorter, vulnerable to outer Boundary's factor such as light, temperature etc. influences, and is not able to satisfy the requirement of long-time service.Therefore develop a kind of preparation process it is simple, it is economical, The high mechanical strength of surface micro-structure, environmental-friendly preparation process can greatly expand the application field on super wetting surface.
Summary of the invention
Regarding the issue above, the present invention provides a kind of preparation process is simple, the machine of economy, surface micro-structure The preparation method with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface that tool intensity is high, persistence is strong.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface the following steps are included:
1) substrate with flat metal surface is provided;
2) the polycarbonate perforated membrane with micron order aperture is successively covered on the metal surface Yu Suoshu and there is nanoscale The polycarbonate perforated membrane in aperture, the polycarbonate perforated membrane in the micron order aperture and the polycarbonate in nanoscale aperture are porous Residual air forms hollow layer between film;
3) electroplating technology is used, is to cover version, Yu Suoshu with the double-deck polycarbonate porous membrane structure using workpiece as cathode Layer on surface of metal galavanic growth metal forms micron column within micron openings, and overflows micron openings and expand outwardly to be formed in hollow layer Bacterium lid-like then forms nano-pillar in the nano-pore on the bacterium lid-like, so that being formed has hierarchical structure mushroom Shape metal column array;
4) version is covered using organic solvent dissolution removal polycarbonate, after cleaning-drying, obtained with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped Metal column array surface.
Optionally, the porous membrane aperture of polycarbonate in the micron order aperture is 2~50 μm, with a thickness of 5~50 μm.
Optionally, the porous membrane aperture of polycarbonate in the nanoscale aperture is 50~800nm, with a thickness of 2~50 μm.
Optionally, in step 3), the plating metal is at least one of silver, copper, nickel, iron.
Optionally, step 1) is specifically to be sequentially depositing titanium layer in monocrystalline silicon sheet surface and layer gold is formed described has smooth gold The substrate of metal surface.
Optionally, the electric current of the plating is 5~25mA, and electroplating time is 10~50 minutes.
It optionally, further include that the structure for forming step 4) immerses ten that the mass fraction that hydrolyzes in advance is 0.5~2wt% In trifluoro octyltri-ethoxysilane ethanol solution, taken out after impregnating 0.5~2 hour at room temperature, then in 100~140 DEG C of heat Processing 0.5~2 hour after be cooled to room temperature with carry out it is fluorinated modified after for super hydrophobic surface.
The hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface that the present invention is prepared according to above-mentioned preparation process, water droplet is in surface fluorine Hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface after change reaches super-hydrophobic effect.
The process flow of method of the invention without expensive instrument and equipment or complexity, simple, economy, surface obtained are micro- High mechanical strength, the persistence of structure are strong, can greatly expand the application field on super wetting surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation process schematic diagram with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface.
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of galavanic growth mushroom-shaped metal column.
Fig. 3 is that the scanning electron of hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped silver metal column array surface prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is aobvious Micro mirror photo.
Fig. 4 is that the scanning electron of hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped copper metal column array surface prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 is aobvious Micro mirror photo.
Fig. 5 is to connect after hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped silver metal column array surface prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is fluorinated with water Feeler test result.
Fig. 6 is to connect after hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped copper metal column array surface prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 is fluorinated with water Feeler test result.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array of the invention the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) substrate with flat metal surface is provided;It specifically can be in being sequentially depositing titanium layer and gold on monocrystalline silicon piece Layer, the titanium layer with a thickness of 50~200nm, the layer gold with a thickness of 10~50nm;
2) the polycarbonate perforated membrane with micron order aperture is successively covered on Yu Suoshu metal layer and there is nano grade pore The polycarbonate perforated membrane of diameter, the polycarbonate perforated membrane in the micron order aperture and the polycarbonate perforated membrane in nanoscale aperture Between residual air formed hollow layer;The porous membrane aperture of polycarbonate in the micron order aperture is 2~50 μm, with a thickness of 5~ 50μm;The porous membrane aperture of polycarbonate in the nanoscale aperture is 50~800nm, with a thickness of 2~50 μm;
3) electroplating technology is used, is to cover version, Yu Suoshu with the double-deck polycarbonate porous membrane structure using workpiece as cathode Layer on surface of metal galavanic growth metal forms micron column within micron openings, and overflows micron openings and expand outwardly to be formed in hollow layer Bacterium lid-like then forms nano-pillar in the nano-pore on the bacterium lid-like, so that being formed has hierarchical structure mushroom Shape metal column array;The thickness of the bacterium lid-like depends on the thickness of hollow layer, specially nanoscale to micron order;It is described Plating metal is at least one of silver, copper, nickel, iron;The electric current of the plating is 5~25mA, and electroplating time is 10~50 points Clock;
4) version is covered using organic solvent dissolution removal polycarbonate, and after being cleaned and dried using ethyl alcohol and deionized water, obtained To with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array surface.
It is to cover version with the double-deck polycarbonate porous membrane structure with reference to Fig. 2, when duplicature superposition, centre can nubbin Air forms hollow layer.In galavanic growth metal process, when the polycarbonate that micron pillar height degree is more than micron order aperture is porous When film thickness, the current density at micron column edge and center is big, is preferred growth region, so still can outwardly and upwardly expand The shape of similar mushroom is integrally formed with micron column to form bacterium lid-like in hollow layer by Zhang Shengchang, at the top of cap When touching the polycarbonate perforated membrane bottom in nanoscale aperture, nano-pore growth is continued on, thus forms hierarchical structure Mushroom-shaped metal column array.
Above structure is immersed to the tridecafluoro-n-octyltriethoxysilane that the mass fraction hydrolyzed in advance is 0.5~2wt% In ethanol solution, taken out after impregnating 0.5~2 hour at room temperature, it is cooling after being then heat-treated 0.5~2 hour at 100~140 DEG C To room temperature, there is ultra-hydrophobicity after perfluorinated.
Embodiment 1
One layer of 100nm thickness titanium film and 20nm thick gold membrane are sequentially depositing on monocrystalline silicon piece, by the poly- carbon with 12 μm of apertures Acid esters perforated membrane (with a thickness of 14 μm) and the polycarbonate perforated membrane (with a thickness of 20 μm) in the aperture 400nm are successively covered in silicon base Surface.It takes appropriate plating solution for silver-plating to be added in electroplating bath, anode platinum electrode and reference electrode is immersed in electroplate liquid, be yin with workpiece Pole is to cover version with the double-deck polycarbonate membrane, and using constant current silver electroplating technology, electric current 10mA, electroplating time is 35 minutes, The growth of its electroplating surface has hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped silver metal column array.Galvanostat is closed after reaching setting time, is taken out It is coated with the sample finished.Sample is immersed in removal polycarbonate perforated membrane in chloroform, and clear with ethyl alcohol and deionized water Surface is washed, kept dry is finally obtained with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped silver metal column array surface.Its scanning electron microscope form is shown in figure 3, the mushroom-shaped metal column array with hierarchical structure is formd as seen from the figure, and the thickness of its bacterium lid-like is about 4 μm, Diameter range is about 36 μm.It is molten that said sample is immersed to the 1wt.% tridecafluoro-n-octyltriethoxysilane ethyl alcohol hydrolyzed in advance It in liquid, is taken out after impregnating 1 hour at room temperature, measurement is cooled to room temperature after being then heat-treated 1 hour at 120 DEG C of baking oven, and it connects with water Feeler.Fig. 5 is seen with the contact angle of water, is 151.5 °.
Embodiment 2
One layer of 100nm thickness titanium film and 20nm thick gold membrane are sequentially depositing on monocrystalline silicon piece, by the poly- carbonic acid with 5 μm of apertures Ester perforated membrane (with a thickness of 10 μm) and the polycarbonate perforated membrane (with a thickness of 10 μm) in the aperture 500nm are successively covered in silicon base table Face.It takes appropriate copper electroplating liquid to be added in electroplating bath, anode platinum electrode and reference electrode is immersed in electroplate liquid, be yin with workpiece Pole is to cover version with the double-deck polycarbonate membrane, and using constant potential copper electroplating technology, electric current 19mA, electroplating time is 20 minutes, The growth of its electroplating surface has hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped copper metal column array.Galvanostat is closed after reaching setting time, is taken out It is coated with the sample finished.Sample is immersed in removal polycarbonate perforated membrane in chloroform, and clear with ethyl alcohol and deionized water Surface is washed, kept dry is finally obtained with hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped copper metal column array surface.Its scanning electron microscope form is shown in figure 4, the mushroom-shaped metal column array with hierarchical structure is formd as seen from the figure, and the thickness of its bacterium lid-like is about 4.2 μ M, diameter range are about 24 μm.Said sample is immersed to the 1wt.% tridecafluoro-n-octyltriethoxysilane ethyl alcohol hydrolyzed in advance It in solution, is taken out after impregnating 1 hour at room temperature, is cooled to room temperature after being then heat-treated 1 hour at 120 DEG C of baking oven and measures itself and water Contact angle.Fig. 6 is seen with the contact angle of water, is 150 °.
Above-described embodiment is only used to further illustrate that one kind of the invention has hierarchical structure mushroom-shaped metal column array table The preparation method in face, but the invention is not limited to embodiments, according to the technical essence of the invention to above embodiments institute Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of work, fall within the scope of protection of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种具有阶层结构蘑菇形金属柱阵列表面的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1. A method for preparing a surface of a mushroom-shaped metal column array with a hierarchical structure, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) 提供具有平整金属表面的基片;1) Provide a substrate with a flat metal surface; 2)于所述金属表面上依次覆设具有微米级孔径的聚碳酸酯多孔膜和具有纳米级孔径的聚碳酸酯多孔膜,所述微米级孔径的聚碳酸酯多孔膜和纳米级孔径的聚碳酸酯多孔膜之间残留空气形成中空层;2) A polycarbonate porous membrane with micron pore size and a polycarbonate porous membrane with nanoscale pore size are sequentially covered on the metal surface, and the The residual air between the carbonate porous membranes forms a hollow layer; 3)采用电镀工艺,以工件为阴极,以双层聚碳酸酯多孔膜结构为掩版,于所述金属表面电镀生长金属于微米孔之内形成微米柱,并溢出微米孔于中空层向外扩张形成菌盖状结构,而后于菌盖状结构之上的纳米孔内形成纳米柱,从而形成具有阶层结构蘑菇形金属柱阵列;3) Using the electroplating process, the workpiece is used as the cathode, and the double-layer polycarbonate porous membrane structure is used as the mask, and the metal is electroplated on the metal surface to form micro-pillars in the micro-pores, and the micro-pores overflow from the hollow layer to the outside. expanding to form a cap-like structure, and then forming nano-pillars in the nanopores above the cap-like structure, thereby forming a mushroom-shaped metal column array with a hierarchical structure; 4)采用有机溶剂溶解去除聚碳酸酯掩版,清洗干燥后,得到具有阶层结构蘑菇形金属柱阵列表面。4) The polycarbonate mask is removed by dissolving with an organic solvent, and after cleaning and drying, a mushroom-shaped metal column array surface with a hierarchical structure is obtained. 2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)具体是于单晶硅片表面依次沉积钛层和金层形成所述具有平整金属表面的基片。2 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step 1), a titanium layer and a gold layer are sequentially deposited on the surface of a single crystal silicon wafer to form the substrate with a flat metal surface. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)所述微米级孔径的聚碳酸酯多孔膜孔径为2~50μm,厚度为5~50μm。3 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step 2) the porous polycarbonate membrane with micron pore size has a pore size of 2-50 μm and a thickness of 5-50 μm. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)所述纳米级孔径的聚碳酸酯多孔膜孔径为50~800nm,厚度为2~50μm。4 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step 2) the pore size of the polycarbonate porous membrane with nano-scale pore size is 50-800 nm, and the thickness is 2-50 μm. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中,所述电镀金属为银、铜、镍、铁中的至少一种。5 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step 3), the electroplating metal is at least one of silver, copper, nickel and iron. 6 . 6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中,所述电镀的电流为5~25mA,电镀时间为10~50分钟。6 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in step 3), the electric current of the electroplating is 5-25 mA, and the electroplating time is 10-50 minutes. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:还包括将步骤4)形成的结构浸入预先水解的质量分数为0.5~2wt%的十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷乙醇溶液中,室温下浸泡0.5~2小时后取出,然后在100~140℃热处理0.5~2小时后冷却至室温以进行氟化改性后为超疏水表面。7 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , further comprising immersing the structure formed in step 4) in a pre-hydrolyzed mass fraction of 0.5-2wt% tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution. 8 . , soaked at room temperature for 0.5 to 2 hours and then taken out, and then heat-treated at 100 to 140 °C for 0.5 to 2 hours, cooled to room temperature for fluorination modification, and turned into a superhydrophobic surface.
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