CN107643221B - Low-speed light air gun impact test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a low-speed light gas cannon impact test device, which includes: a sample height adjustment device for adjusting the height of the sample, an axial loading device for loading a preset axial pressure on the sample, and a preset impact on the sample. impact protection equipment, and a digital signal controller that controls the operation of the specimen height adjustment equipment and the axial loading equipment. The digital signal controller replaces manual labor to control the specimen height adjustment equipment and axial loading equipment, which is not only easy to operate but also has high control accuracy.

Description

A low-speed light gas gun impact test device

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of stress field measurement, and in particular to a low-speed light gas cannon impact test device.

Background technique

The root causes of earthquake disasters are mainly surface dislocations caused by sudden movements of faults and strong surface vibrations caused by seismic wave radiation, which often cause heavy casualties and serious damage to infrastructure. In order to understand the mechanism of natural earthquake rupture, it is particularly important to study the rupture speed, rupture mode, and rupture direction of the earthquake fault plane, as well as the evolution of the seismic wave dynamic stress field along the plane during the rupture process. Due to the complexity of the engineering site and the inoperability of the test, it is a good choice to conduct research on plane stress wave propagation and stress field evolution in laboratory simulations.

In the existing technology, the light gas cannon flat plate impact test device represented by A.J. Rosakis can not only simulate natural earthquake rupture, but also simulate the impact of mine blasting shock waves on the rupture of the cemented surface of the layered filling body and the sudden slippage of metal materials along the interface. physical phenomena and are therefore widely used. However, the height adjustment and loading equipment used in this light gas cannon flat plate impact test device require on-site manual adjustment, which is not only inconvenient to operate but also has low control accuracy.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a low-speed light gas cannon impact test device to solve the problems of inconvenient operation and low control accuracy in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided by this application are as follows:

A low-speed light gas gun impact test device, including:

Sample height adjustment equipment, used to adjust the height of the sample;

An axial loading device provided on the sample height adjustment device is used to load a preset axial pressure on the sample;

Impact protection equipment arranged around the axial loading equipment, used to apply a preset impact force to the sample;

A digital signal controller is used to control the operation of the sample height adjustment device and the axial loading device.

Preferably, motor control software is installed in the digital signal controller, or the digital signal controller is connected to a terminal where the motor control software is installed;

The motor control software is software that controls the operation of the sample height adjustment device and the axial loading device.

Preferably, the motor control software is also used to control the operation of the impact protection device.

Preferably, the sample height adjustment equipment includes:

base;

an adjustment rod provided between the base and the axial loading device;

A first motor configured to operate according to the control of the digital signal controller;

The height-adjusting piston provided on the base is used to be driven by the first motor to adjust the height of the sample.

Preferably, the sample height adjustment equipment also includes:

Multiple bolts for locking the base to the ground.

Preferably, the axial loading device includes:

The lower plate is used to connect and fix the sample height adjustment equipment;

The upper plate is connected and fixed with the lower plate through a pressure rod;

a second motor configured to operate according to the control of the digital signal controller;

The pressure head provided at the bottom of the upper plate is used to be driven by the second motor to apply a preset axial pressure to the sample;

A backing plate is provided between the indenter and the sample.

Preferably, the axial loading device also includes:

The first clamp and the second clamp to lock the specimen;

The first clamp is connected and fixed to the lower plate; the second clamp is arranged between the backing plate and the sample and is connected and fixed to the backing plate.

Preferably, the impact protection equipment includes:

A spacer connected to the specimen;

A protective box that wraps the cushion block, and a channel slot for launching light air cannon projectiles into the cushion block is provided in the protective box;

A diverting gasket is provided at the entrance of the protective box, and the through hole of the diverting gasket is connected with the channel groove;

A gun barrel is used to launch the light gas cannon projectile at a preset distance from the entrance of the protective box.

Preferably, the impact protection equipment further includes:

A buffer object provided between the inner wall of the protective box and the channel groove;

An ammunition storage slot is provided at the bottom of the protective box.

Preferably, the outer surface of the diverter gasket is arc-shaped.

The low-velocity light gas cannon impact test device provided by the present invention includes: a sample height-adjusting device for adjusting the height of the sample, an axial loading device for loading a preset axial pressure on the sample, and a preset pressure on the sample. Impact protection equipment for impact force, and a digital signal controller for controlling the operation of the specimen height adjustment equipment and the axial loading equipment. The digital signal controller replaces manual work to control the specimen height adjustment equipment and axial loading equipment, which is not only easy to operate but also has high control accuracy.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-velocity light gas gun impact test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a front view of a low-velocity light gas cannon impact test device provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a left side view of a low-velocity light gas cannon impact test device provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

The invention provides a low-speed light gas cannon impact test device to solve the problems in the prior art that equipment is scattered, requires on-site splicing, and that axial loading equipment is inconvenient to operate and has low control accuracy.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided by this application are as follows:

Specifically, the low-speed light gas gun impact test device, see Figure 1, includes:

Sample height adjustment device 100, used to adjust the height of the sample;

The axial loading device 200 provided above the sample height adjustment device 100 is used to load a preset axial pressure on the sample;

The impact protection device 300 arranged around the axial loading device 200 is used to apply a preset impact force to the sample;

The digital signal controller 400 is used to control the operation of the sample height adjustment device 100 and the axial loading device 200 .

Preferably, the digital signal controller 400 is installed with motor control software, or the digital signal controller 400 is connected to a terminal installed with motor control software;

The motor control software is software that controls the operation of the specimen height adjustment device 100 and the axial loading device 200 .

The specific working principle is:

The digital signal controller 400 is respectively connected to the sample height adjustment device 100 and the axial loading device 200 through data lines. In specific practical applications, the digital signal controller 400 can be equipped with a 7-inch digital display touch operation screen and a memory of 32G. Of course, other types of equipment can also be used, without specific limitations here; and, the digital signal controller The 400 can also be connected to a terminal (such as a desktop computer, notebook, mobile tablet, etc.) through a USB data cable and controlled through pre-installed motor control software. When performing the test, first turn on the power switch of the digital signal controller 400, and then turn on the pre-installed motor control software in the digital signal controller 400, or after connecting the terminal through a data cable, turn on the pre-installed motor control software on the terminal. .

The tester first sets the relevant test parameters through the motor control software, and then places the sample with prefabricated cracks to simulate earthquake faults on the sample height-adjusting device 100, aiming at the loading center; by controlling the work of the sample height-adjusting device 100, Adjust the height of the specimen so that the center line of the specimen is at the appropriate height. Then, by controlling the operation of the axial loading device 200, a preset axial pressure is loaded on the sample. At this time, the impact speed of the light gas cannon projectile can be set to a preset low speed value between 0-200m/s through the operating equipment, and the impact protection equipment 300 is controlled to apply a preset impact force to the sample to simulate the generation of seismic waves. . After the test is completed, if there is no need to continue the test, the sample height adjustment device 100 and the axial loading device 200 can be controlled to return to the initial state, and the sample can be removed. During the test, digital photoelastic technology and high-speed cameras can also be used to obtain the changing rules of the stress field inside the sample, and then obtain the simulation results of the propagation of seismic waves on the fault plane and the fault rupture phenomenon.

The low-velocity light gas cannon impact test device provided in this embodiment includes: a sample height adjustment device 100, an axial loading device 200, an impact protection device 300, and a digital signal controller 400. The digital signal controller 400 replaces manual labor to control the sample height adjustment device 100 and the axial loading device 200, which is not only easy to operate but also has high control accuracy. Moreover, the positions of the above three devices are fixed and no on-site splicing is required, which solves the problem of scattered devices in the existing technology and facilitates application.

It is worth mentioning that the above-mentioned motor control software is also used to control the operation of the impact protection device 300 . That is to say, the impact protection device 300 can control the impact force and speed of the light gas cannon projectile through an operating device (such as an operating panel or a handheld terminal, etc.), or can control the impact force and speed of the light air cannon projectile through the digital signal controller 400 or a terminal connected to the digital signal controller 400 Control is not specifically limited here, it can depend on its specific application environment, and is within the scope of protection of this application.

Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a specific low-speed light gas cannon impact test device. Based on the above embodiment and Figure 1, preferably, see Figure 2, the sample height adjustment equipment includes:

Base 101;

The adjusting rod 102 is provided between the base 101 and the axial loading device;

The first motor 103 is used to operate according to the control of the digital signal controller 400;

The height-adjusting piston 104 provided on the base 101 is driven by the first motor 103 to adjust the height of the sample.

In specific actual operations, the tester can click the servo motor control button in the motor control software through the digital signal controller 400 or the terminal connected to it, first run the first motor 103, and adjust the center line of the sample to the appropriate height. , stops the first motor 103 and locks the height adjustment piston 104.

In specific practical applications, the first motor 103 can use an open-loop control servo motor, which has a large height adjustment stroke, easy operation, and accurate control. The first motor 103 can also use a closed-loop control servo motor. Accordingly, a position sensor needs to be provided to connect with the digital signal controller 400 to realize closed-loop control of the first motor 103 . Of course, other types of motors can also be used. There is no specific limitation here, and they are all within the protection scope of this application.

The height-adjusting piston 104 is controlled by the first motor 103 and is equipped with an automatic locking device inside. When the sample is adjusted to a suitable height, the first motor 103 stops rotating and automatically locks the height-adjusting piston 104. In addition, the adjustment stroke of the height-adjusting piston 104 cylinder is larger, such as 0-200mm, which can meet the requirements of loading specimens of different sizes.

The adjusting rod 102 is made of rigid metal material, with a rod body diameter ranging from 10 to 30 mm. It fits with the internal hole of the lower plate 201 in the axial loading device shown in Figure 2 and is coated with lubricating oil.

Preferably, see Figure 2, the sample height adjustment equipment also includes:

A plurality of bolts 105 are used to lock the base 101 on the ground.

The low-speed light gas cannon impact test device can be locked on the ground through a plurality of bolts 105 to prevent the entire low-speed light gas cannon impact test device from slipping when the light gas cannon projectile impacts.

And, preferably, referring to Figure 2, the axial loading equipment includes:

The lower plate 201 is used to connect and fix the specimen height adjustment equipment;

The upper plate 204 is connected and fixed with the lower plate 201 through the pressure rod 203;

The second motor 205 is used to operate according to the control of the digital signal controller 400;

The pressure head 206 provided at the bottom of the upper plate 204 is used to be driven by the second motor 205 to apply a preset axial pressure to the sample;

A backing plate 207 is provided between the indenter 206 and the sample.

Preferably, referring to Figure 2, the axial loading equipment also includes:

The first clamp 202 and the second clamp 208 for locking the sample;

The first clamp 202 is connected and fixed to the lower plate 201; the second clamp 208 is arranged between the backing plate 207 and the sample, and is connected and fixed to the backing plate 207.

In a specific actual operation process, after the sample height adjustment device adjusts the sample to a suitable height, the lower end of the sample can be completely locked using the bolts in the first clamp 202 .

The first clamp 202 has a large adjustment range and can clamp samples of different thicknesses; in addition, its inner surface has raised threads, which can increase the friction of clamping the sample and prevent the sample from being strongly impacted by light gas cannon projectiles. Under the action, sliding occurs due to loose clamping.

The second motor 205 operates according to the control of the digital signal controller 400, driving the pressure head 206, the backing plate 207 and the second clamp 208 to move downward. When the pressure on the sample reaches the preset axial pressure, the second motor 205 loading stops automatically. Then, you can choose whether to lock the second clamp 208 connected to the backing plate 207 according to the test requirements.

In specific practical applications, the second motor 205 can use an open-loop control servo motor, and the motor provides a large axial load to the pressure head 206, which can simulate the impact test of a high axial pressure loaded sample; a closed-loop control servo motor can also be used , Correspondingly, a pressure sensor needs to be connected to the digital signal controller 400 to achieve closed-loop control of the second motor 205 . Of course, other types of motors can also be used. There is no specific limitation here, and they are all within the protection scope of this application.

The indenter 206 can be made of rigid metal material and has a larger loading stroke. For example, the maximum loading stroke is 50 mm, which can be applied to the loading of materials with different strain rates.

The first clamp 202 and the second clamp 208 can both be rigid bodies with raised textures on the inner side and connected through screws and nuts. The thickness of the clamps can be 20mm, and the thickness of the clamped sample can be adjusted from 8 to 16mm. , to prevent the specimen from impact sliding.

In addition, preferably, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the impact protection equipment includes:

A spacer connected to the specimen;

A protective box 301 that wraps the cushion block. The protective box 301 is provided with a channel slot 302 for launching light gas cannon projectiles into the cushion block;

A diverting gasket 303 is provided at the entrance of the protective box 301, and the through hole of the diverting gasket 303 is connected with the channel groove 302;

The gun barrel 304 is used to launch light gas cannon projectiles at a preset distance from the entrance of the protective box 301.

Preferably, impact protection equipment also includes:

A buffer object provided between the inner wall of the protective box 301 and the channel groove 302;

An ammunition storage slot is provided at the bottom of the protective box 301.

Preferably, referring to Figure 2, the outer surface of the diverter gasket 303 is arc-shaped.

In specific practical applications, the protective box 301 can be made of rigid metal material, and the thickness of the cavity material can be 5mm. The inner wall of the cavity can be provided with buffer objects, such as a 10mm thick sponge, to slow down the impact of light gas cannon projectiles in the cavity. The impact and collision effect extends the service life of the cavity and increases the safety of protection.

In practical applications, according to the difference in gun barrel caliber required for the test, the protective box 301 can be disassembled and replaced to realize aperture channels of different sizes, that is, the channel groove 302, to meet the design of different impact loading requirements. The channel groove 302 is a movable channel of a steel pad connected to the target sample, such as 16mm wide and 100mm long; during the test, the impact pad can be used to achieve the purpose of indirect impact on the sample, and the channel groove 302 can prevent light impact. The air cannon pellets fly out of the cavity, causing some safety hazards.

The diverter washer 12 is made of rigid metal material, and the distance from the muzzle is adjustable from 20 to 70 mm. In practical applications, the diameter of the through hole of the diverter washer 303 can be designed to be 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the light gas cannon projectile, which can increase the safety of the light gas cannon projectile and prevent the design aperture from being too small and the light gas cannon projectile directly hitting the diverter washer. 303 surface, causing equipment damage.

The shunt gasket 303 adopts an arc surface structure, which facilitates the outward diffusion of the impact airflow along the surface of the gasket, which greatly reduces the impact interference effect of the strong impact airflow carried by the light air gun projectile from the muzzle into the cavity of the protective box 301 on the target sample. This makes the impact effect of light gas cannon projectiles closer to reality and the test results more accurate and reliable.

Moreover, the protective box 301 and the diverter washer 303 are connected to the gun barrel 304 through the screw 305 and the nut 306. Compared with the protection design of the light gas cannon axial pressure loading equipment in the prior art, the light gas cannon projectiles do not exit the cavity, which is more convenient. Safe and reliable.

In addition, there is an openable and closable bomb storage tank at the bottom of the protective box 301, which can store spent bombs and take them out after the test is completed.

When conducting the test of the low-velocity light gas cannon impact test device provided in this embodiment, firstly, the sample is gently clamped to the first fixture 202 connected to the lower plate 201, and by setting the loading parameters on the computer, the digital The corresponding buttons in the signal controller 400 control the pressure head 206 and the height adjustment piston 104 to move according to the set parameters through two motors. After the loading is stable, the lower end of the specimen is locked with a bolt, and according to the test design requirements, select whether Use the second clamp 208 connected to the backing plate 207 to lock the upper end of the sample. Then the light gas cannon is started, so that the light gas cannon projectiles pass through the gun barrel 304 and are injected into the protective box 301, and impact the cubic pad connected to the surface of the sample to achieve a side impact effect on the two-dimensional flat sample.

In the above process, the sample loading and height adjustment are controlled by servo motors, which is easy to operate and accurate in results. The entire system is safe, accurate, simple and efficient to operate, and can be used in most flat plate side shear impact tests using light gas cannons, including jointed surfaces and joint-free surfaces, with the upper end locked, the lower end locked, or both upper and lower ends. The locked sample impact test can simulate the propagation of dynamic stress waves and the evolution of dynamic stress fields caused by dynamic disasters such as earthquakes, blasting, and ground pressure impacts.

The rest of the working principles are the same as the above embodiments and will not be described again here.

Each embodiment of the present invention is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. As for the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For relevant details, please refer to the description in the method section.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed above in terms of preferred embodiments, this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention using the methods and technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent changes. Example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A low-speed light air cannon impact test apparatus, comprising:

the sample height adjusting device is used for adjusting the height of the sample;

the axial loading device is arranged above the sample heightening device and is used for loading a preset axial pressure on the sample;

the impact protection device is arranged at the periphery of the axial loading device and is used for applying preset impact force to the sample;

the digital signal controller is used for controlling the sample heightening equipment and the axial loading equipment to work;

the sample heightening device comprises: a base; the adjusting rod is arranged between the base and the axial loading equipment; a first motor for operating according to the control of the digital signal controller; the height-adjusting piston is arranged on the base and is driven by the first motor to adjust the height of the sample;

the axial loading device comprises: the lower plate is used for being fixedly connected with the sample heightening equipment; an upper plate fixedly connected with the lower plate through a pressure rod; a second motor for operating according to the control of the digital signal controller; the pressure head is arranged at the bottom of the upper plate and is driven by the second motor to load a preset axial pressure on the sample; a backing plate disposed between the ram and the sample;

the impact protection apparatus includes: the cushion block is connected with the sample; the protective box is wrapped by the cushion block, and a channel groove for transmitting the light air cannon pellets to the cushion block is arranged in the protective box; the split washer is arranged at the inlet of the protective box, and the through hole of the split washer is communicated with the channel groove; and the gun tube is used for launching the light air gun shots at a preset distance of the entrance of the protective box.

2. The low-speed light air gun impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the digital signal controller is provided with motor control software, or is connected with a terminal provided with the motor control software;

the motor control software is software for controlling the sample heightening equipment and the axial loading equipment to work.

3. The low velocity light air cannon impact test apparatus of claim 2, wherein the motor control software is further adapted to control the operation of the impact protection device.

4. The low-speed light air cannon impact test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the specimen elevating device further comprises:

and the bolts are used for locking the base on the ground.

5. The low-speed light air cannon impact test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the axial loading device further comprises:

a first clamp and a second clamp for locking the sample;

the first clamp is fixedly connected with the lower plate; the second clamp is arranged between the base plate and the sample and is fixedly connected with the base plate.

6. The low-speed light air cannon impact test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the impact protection device further comprises:

the buffer object is arranged between the inner wall of the protective box and the channel groove;

the bullet storage groove is arranged at the bottom of the protective box.

7. The low-velocity light air cannon impact test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the exterior surface of the diverter gasket is arcuate.