CN107654220B - Construction method of an integral layered filling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a construction method of an integral layered filling device. The technical solution comprises the following steps: 1. lowering a pipe string; 2. performing the first layer of ground filling and annular filling, dropping a steel ball into a hand-release core pipe from a wellhead to establish a liquid circulation channel, then injecting liquid from the wellhead, closing the casing valve, filling the oil layer with sand, and completing the ground filling; then opening the casing valve, and completing the annular filling by injecting sand-carrying liquid into the hand-release core pipe; 3. performing the second layer of ground filling and annular filling, and after the ground filling and annular filling are completed, performing the hand-release operation again; the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention solves the problem that existing single-layer filling tools cannot perform layered filling, and also overcomes the problem that the inner filling pipe string and the outer filling pipe string in the existing layered extrusion filling tool are difficult to move, avoids the problems of switch failure and inaccurate positioning, and more easily realizes layered ground filling and annular filling of multiple oil layers, thereby improving operation efficiency and reducing costs.

Description

Construction method of an integral layered filling device

technical field

The invention relates to a construction method of a petroleum workover tool, in particular to a construction method of an integral layered filling device.

Background technique

Oil well sand filling is one of the urgent problems to be solved in oilfield development. The main reason for oil well sand production is that the reservoir is loose cemented sandstone. In addition, in the middle and late stages of oilfield development, long-term water injection or gas injection production will also greatly damage the reservoir framework, resulting in sand production in oil wells. The hazards of sand production in oil wells are mainly manifested in three aspects: 1. The sand buries the production layer, causing the oil well to reduce or stop production; Casing damage makes the oil well scrapped, etc. Sand production in oil wells causes a large reduction in oil well production, a sharp increase in operating costs, and serious economic losses. In order to solve the problem of sand production in oil wells and ensure normal production, various oilfields have extensively carried out the research and application of various sand control technologies including chemical sand control and filling technologies. At present, the more commonly used solution is to fill the sand-producing part of the oil well, which can effectively fill the sand-producing formation, which is also called ground filling in the industry; in addition, the ring between the sand filter pipe and the casing It is best to have a sand layer in the space, that is, the more solid the sand retaining wall, the more conducive to later oil recovery. The sand filling process here is called ring filling in the industry.

At present, most of the packing tools used are single-layer packing methods, and most of the oil wells are in the state of multiple oil layers. In this way, single-layer packing tools cannot meet the layered gravel packing of multiple oil layers, and single-layer packing is required. The filling tool fills the pipe string layer by layer in one trip. At the same time, a multi-layer well needs to be operated multiple times. The operation is complicated, the construction is troublesome, the efficiency is low, and the production cost increases sharply.

And the Chinese patent document number is 1294337, and the patent title is " layered extrusion packing sand control pipe string ", and this is applicable to the extrusion packing sand control technology of multi-oil layer, also can be used for single oil layer. The invention has an inner packing string and an outer packing string, the inner packing string includes a flushing pipe and an inner packing tool, the outer packing string includes a top hanging packer, an outer packing tool and a sand filter tube, and the outer packing tool is equipped with filling port. The inner packing string is equipped with a setting device, and the outer packing string is equipped with an interlayer packer. After the top-hanging packer is set by the pressure of the setting hand, the setting hand is separated from the top-hanging packer, and the inner packing string can move up and down in the outer packing string to set the interlayer packer, and The external filling tool cooperates with extrusion to fill the formation. Improve sand control effect and validity period. The construction of layered extrusion filling and sand control of multiple oil layers can be completed in the next trip of the pipe string, which greatly reduces the production cost and labor intensity of workers. However, the existing problems are: the invention adopts the inner filling pipe string and the outer filling pipe string, both of which are dynamic cooperation, and the two pipe strings move with each other, so it is not easy to locate; in addition, the ring filling is done after the ground filling is completed. Then, that is to say, after the ground filling is completed, if the sand is filled, there must be a small amount of sand between the inner filling string and the outer filling string, which is mainly caused by spring creep. As a result, during ring filling, it is difficult to move the inner and outer filling strings, and even the channel cannot be opened, so the ring filling circulation channel cannot be established; and if the sand is not filled, the ground filling will not achieve the expected filling. Effect. Therefore, it is difficult to reconcile the defects of the split design of the inner packing string and the outer packing string.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, to provide a construction method of an integral layered filling device, which solves the problem that a single-layer filling tool cannot be filled in layers, and also overcomes the problem of the existing design of the inner filling pipe. The column and the outer packing string have the problem of difficulty in moving, and at the same time, the ground filling and ring filling of the oil layer are realized, which improves the efficiency.

The construction method of a kind of integrated layered filling device mentioned in the present invention, its technical scheme comprises the following steps:

1. Running string: Run the blind plug (27) into the casing of the oil well, and then run the sand filter pipe (28), the lower part of the sand filter pipe (28) is connected with the blind plug (27), and then run the first group The filling tool (10), the filter sand pipe (28) and the filling tool (10) are connected through the lower joint (3) of the filling tool, and at the same time, the trap on the upper part of the core pipe (11) is connected to the second set of filling tools ( 10) connected with the lower joint (2) of the drop-in core tube; connected in sequence to form two or more sets of filling tools, and a packer (7) is provided on the upper part of each set of filling tools (10);

2. Carry out the first layer of ground filling and ring filling: Put the first layer of steel balls with corresponding diameters into the core pipe (11) from the wellhead, and the steel balls fall on the ball seat (12) of the filling tool on the first layer top, and then inject liquid from the wellhead into the core pipe (11), the pressure reaches 18 MPa or above, the packer (7) is sealed, and the ball seat (12) moves down to the boss to stop, at this time , the steel ball is located on the lower side of the inner filling hole, and the inner filling hole is opened to form an annulus where the core tube (11) passes through the inner filling hole, outer filling hole, filling tool (10) and casing, and the lower joint of the filling tool The annular space between (3) and the core tube (11), the lower circulation channel of the lower joint (3) of the filling tool, the liquid conversion cavity, the upper circulation channel of the layered water-splitting joint (5), the upper circulation channel of the filling tool The annular space between the connector (6) and the core tube (11) forms a liquid circulation channel; at this time, close the casing valve at the wellhead to close the liquid circulation channel, and pass through the core tube (11) Inject the sand-carrying fluid, the pressure is gradually increased, and the sand is filled in the oil layer at the bottom of the oil well, and the ground filling is carried out until the filling pressure setting value of the oil layer is reached, the pressure is stopped, the pressure is diffused, and the ground filling is completed; then the casing of the wellhead is opened. The pipe valve opens the liquid circulation channel, and the pressure is gradually increased by injecting the sand-carrying liquid into the core pipe (11), and the sand-carrying liquid passes through the filter sand pipe, and the liquid flows out of the casing at the wellhead through the liquid circulation channel, and the sand Settle in the annulus between the casing and the sand filter pipe until the annulus is filled and the first layer of annulus is completed;

3. Carry out the second layer of ground filling and ring filling: the second layer of steel balls of the corresponding diameter is put into the core pipe (11) from the wellhead for the second time, and the steel balls fall on the ball seat of the filling tool of the second layer ( 12), and then inject liquid from the wellhead into the core pipe (11), the pressure reaches 18 MPa or above, the packer (7) on the upper part of the second layer of the packing tool is sealed, and the ball seat (12) Move down to the boss and stop. At this time, the steel ball is located on the lower side of the inner filling hole of the filling tool on the second layer, the inner filling hole is opened, and the downward passage of the core tube (11) is blocked. The liquid enters the liquid circulation channel of the second layer filling tool;

At this time, close the casing valve at the wellhead again, close the circulation channel of the liquid in the second layer filling tool, inject the sand-carrying liquid through the core tube (11), gradually increase the pressure, and fill the oil layer in the second layer of the oil well Sand, carry out ground filling until the filling pressure setting value of the oil layer is reached, stop pressing, carry out pressure diffusion, and complete the second layer of ground filling; then open the casing valve at the wellhead, open the circulation channel of the liquid, and pass through the core The sand-carrying liquid is injected into the pipe (11), and the pressure is gradually increased. After the sand-carrying liquid passes through the filter sand pipe, the liquid flows out of the wellhead casing through the liquid circulation channel of the filling tool of the second layer, and the sand settles in the casing of the second layer. In the annulus between the pipe and the sand filter pipe, until it is filled and filled, the second layer of annulus is completed;

Preferably, after the ground filling and ring filling are completed, the hands-off operation is carried out: the well-staying string is formed by the upper joint (6) of the filling tool, the lower joint (3) of the filling tool and the splitter joint (5) of the filling tool, and passes through the wellhead Lift the hand core tube (11) on the device, and the hand core tube (11) drives the sealing sliding sleeve (4) to move upward through the shear nails. When it moves to the shearing boss, the shearing boss and the sealing sliding sleeve (4) ) to interact with the tops of the shear nails to close the outer filling hole, and the sand filter string formed by the well-staying string and the sand filter tube remains in the corresponding oil layer; the discarded core tube (11) drives the compensator , ball seat, and steel ball are lifted out of the wellhead to complete the drop-off operation.

Preferably, step three is repeated to realize layered ground filling and ring filling of three or more layers.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: firstly, the present invention solves the problem that the existing single-layer filling tool cannot be filled in layers, overcomes the problem of difficult connection between two pipe strings, reduces production costs, and saves time and effort;

Second, the present invention adopts multiple groups of filling tools to be used together to realize layered filling of multiple oil layers, and each filling tool’s core tube and well-staying string cooperate with each other, and when filling the oil layer deficit, through the steel ball Cooperate with the ball seat to open the inner filling hole, make the inner filling hole communicate with the outer filling hole, close the circulation channel of the liquid, and then realize the ground filling; when filling the annular space between the casing and the sand filter tube, through Open the liquid circulation channel to realize ring filling; in addition, when you lose your hand, the core tube drives the annular sliding sleeve to move up, and cuts the shear nails through the shearing boss, so as to realize the sealing between the annular sliding sleeve and the inner filling hole. It is precisely because the ring-shaped sliding sleeve is used to cooperate with the inner filling hole that the spring of the prior art is cancelled. Therefore, a small amount of sand settlement caused by the peristalsis of the spring is avoided, and the filling hole is closed through the cooperation of the shear nail and the sealing sliding sleeve. More reliable, avoiding the problem of closing failure of the filling hole;

Third, the present invention realizes the quick connection of the pipe string through the quick connection of the compensator and the catcher, and the compensator can be stretched, which facilitates the construction and improves the working efficiency; in addition, by designing a liquid conversion cavity, it can The upper circulation channel in the upper joint of the filling tool can be well connected with the lower circulation channel of the lower joint of the filling tool, which reduces the cost of mechanical manufacturing and makes it easy to complete the connection between the two;

In a word, the present invention solves the problem that the existing single-layer filling tool cannot be filled in layers, and also overcomes the problem of a small amount of sand in the inner and outer filling strings of the existing split-type design of the layered extrusion filling tool. The problem of difficult movement caused by it avoids the problems of switch failure and inaccurate positioning, and it is easier to realize the layered filling and ring filling of multiple oil layers. Moreover, by establishing a liquid circulation channel, better Realize ring filling, improve operation efficiency and reduce cost.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of a group of filling tool of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the working schematic diagram after the steel ball of filling tool is dropped;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of compensator;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of trap;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structural representation of the lower joint of the filling tool;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the schematic diagram of two-layer filling;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the schematic diagram of three-layer filling;

In the above picture: compensator 1, drop core tube lower joint 2, filling tool lower joint 3, sealing sleeve 4, stratified water distribution joint 5, filling tool upper joint 6, packer 7, shear boss 8 , catcher 9, filling tool 10, drop core tube 11, ball seat 12, sealing cavity 13, inner tube 14, screw thread buckle 15, horse tooth buckle 16, snap ring 17, shear nail 18, liquid conversion cavity 19. Telescopic support ring 20, support boss 21, groove 22, outer filling hole 23, outer pipe 24, pipe thread 25, sealing ring 26, blind plug 27, filter sand pipe 28, core pipe 29, flushing pipe 30, steel ball 31.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1, with reference to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of integrated layered filling device mentioned in the present invention, its technical scheme is: mainly connected by two groups of filling tools 10, filter sand pipe 28, flushing pipe 30 and packer 7 The inner cavity of the filling tool 10 is connected by the flushing pipe 30, and the outer wall is connected by the sand filter pipe 28. The upper part of each group of filling tools 10 is provided with a packer 7, and the bottom of the bottom group of filling tools 10 is provided with a blind plug 27. , each group of filling tools 10 is respectively arranged in the corresponding oil layer filling position; wherein, the filling tools 10 include the lower joint 3 of the filling tool, the sealing sliding sleeve 4, the stratified water-splitting joint 5, the upper joint 6 of the filling tool, and the hand core The pipe 11 and the ball seat 12, the upper joint 6 of the filling tool and the lower joint 3 of the filling tool are connected with the layered water splitting joint 5 to form a well-staying string, and the core tube 11 is fixed in the inner cavity of the well-staying string. The inner cavity of the pipe 11 is provided with a boss, and the ball seat 12 is arranged on the top of the boss, and an inner filling hole is also arranged above the boss; the inner wall of the layered water distribution joint 5 is provided with a sealed cavity, through the sealing The sliding sleeve 4 cooperates with the closing or opening of the external filling hole, and the upper and lower circulation channels (refer to the dotted line in Figure 1) are provided in the layered water distribution joint 5, and the upper part is connected with the upper joint 6 of the filling tool and the core tube The annulus between 11 is connected, and the lower part communicates with the lower circulation channel (refer to the dotted line part in Fig. 1) provided in the lower joint 3 of the filling tool through the liquid conversion cavity, forming the core tube 11 passing through the inner filling hole, The outer filling hole, the annulus between the filling tool 10 and the casing, the annulus between the lower joint 3 of the filling tool and the core tube 11, the lower circulation channel of the lower joint 3 of the filling tool, the liquid conversion cavity, and the layered water separation The upper circulation channel of the joint 5 fills the annular space between the upper joint 6 and the core tube 11 of the filling tool, forming a liquid circulation channel as a whole.

It should be noted that: the upper circulation channel and the outer filling hole do not intersect and are not connected to each other, and the upper circulation channel is only connected with the lower circulation channel, so as to prevent the sand-carrying liquid or liquid from directly entering the upper circulation channel through the outer filling hole.

Wherein, the sealed cavity on the inner wall of the layered water distribution joint 5 cooperates with the sealed sliding sleeve 4, the upper side of the sealed cavity is provided with a shearing boss 8, the lower side is provided with a supporting boss 21, and the lower side of the sealed sliding sleeve 4 The shear nails are connected and fixed with the drop core tube 11. When the drop core tube 11 is lifted up, the shear boss interacts with the top of the sealing sliding sleeve 4, thereby cutting the shear nails, so that the sealing sliding sleeve 4 separates the layers. The outer filling hole of the water joint 5 is sealed; in addition, a sealing ring is provided on the shearing boss 8 to realize the sealing between the core tube 11 and the inner wall of the layered water distribution joint 5; the inner and outer sides of the sealing sliding sleeve 4 pass through the sealing ring respectively Realize the sealing of the discarded core pipe 11 and the layered water distribution joint 5.

In addition, a liquid conversion cavity is formed between the lower side of the inner wall of the layered water-distributing joint 5 and the top of the lower joint 3 of the filling tool, wherein the top of the lower joint 3 of the filling tool is a local protrusion, and the local protrusion and the layered water separation The joint 5 is in contact to form the liquid conversion cavity 19. A telescopic support ring 20 is provided in the liquid conversion cavity 19. The telescopic support ring cooperates with the gap outside the lower part of the sealing sliding sleeve 4 to limit the sealing sliding sleeve 4 to a layered state. In the sealed cavity of the water distribution joint 5 inner wall. Therefore, the problem of a small amount of sand caused by spring creep in the reference document is avoided, and the closing of the filling hole is more reliable through the cooperation of the shear nail and the sealing sliding sleeve.

Referring to accompanying drawing 3, the lower end of the lower joint 3 of the filling tool of the present invention is connected to the flushing pipe 30, and the compensator 1 is connected through the flushing pipe 30, and the compensator 1 includes an inner pipe 14, an outer pipe 24, and a sealing ring 26. The lower end of the tube 24 is provided with an inner boss, which cooperates with the outer boss on the top of the inner tube 14, and the outside of the outer boss is provided with one or more sealing rings 26, through which the inner tube 14 is sealed in the inner cavity of the outer tube 24. Moving up and down realizes the expansion and contraction of the compensator 1 , and the top of the inner cavity of the outer tube 24 is provided with a pipe thread 25 .

Further, with reference to accompanying drawing 3, the outer wall of the lower part of the inner tube 14 is provided with a plurality of horse-tooth buttons 16, through the horse-tooth buttons 16 of the inner tube 14 and the catcher on the top of the discarded core tube 11 of the next set of filling tools 10 9 fit; the catcher 9 is provided with multiple groups of snap rings 17 corresponding to the horse tooth buckle to fit, and the snap rings adopt a circular truncated structure.

Each set of filling tools 10 is respectively provided with a ball seat 12, and the inner diameter of each ball seat 12 increases sequentially from the lower filling tool to the upper filling tool, and the diameter of the corresponding steel ball 31 also increases sequentially.

Referring to accompanying drawing 2, after throwing steel ball 31 into throwing away core tube 11, through liquid pressure, ball seat 12 moves down to the boss in throwing away core tube, and steel ball 31 is positioned at the lower side of inner filling hole; And When the core pipe 11 is lifted up, the ball seat 12 and the steel ball are lifted out of the wellhead through the support of the boss. When liquid or sand-carrying liquid is injected, sand can be filled into the formation, that is, ground filling; when the casing valve is opened and liquid or sand-carrying liquid is injected, sand can be filled into the annular space between the sand filter tube and the casing , that is, ring fill.

With reference to accompanying drawing 6, the construction method of a kind of integral layered filling device mentioned in the present invention, its technical scheme comprises the following steps:

1. Running string: Run the blind plug 27 in the casing of the oil well, and then run the sand filter pipe 28. The lower part of the sand filter pipe 28 is connected with the blind plug 27, and then run the first group of filling tools 10, and the sand filter pipe 28 It is connected with the filling tool 10 through the lower joint 3 of the filling tool, and at the same time, the catcher on the upper part of the core tube 11 is connected with the lower joint 2 of the second group of filling tools 10 through a compensator; connected in sequence to form two groups or two groups For the above filling tools, a packer 7 is provided on the top of each group of filling tools 10;

2. Carry out the first layer of ground filling and ring filling: put the steel ball 31 of the first layer of corresponding diameter into the core pipe 11 from the wellhead, and the steel ball falls on the top of the ball seat 12 of the filling tool of the first layer, and then Liquid is injected from the wellhead into the core pipe 11, and the pressure reaches 18 MPa or above, and the packer 7 is set and sealed (Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the packer when it is not inflated. The spacer can be expanded to realize the seat seal), and the ball seat 12 moves down to the boss to stop. The filling hole, the outer filling hole, the annulus between the filling tool 10 and the casing, the annulus between the lower joint 3 of the filling tool and the core tube 11, the lower circulation channel of the lower joint 3 of the filling tool, the liquid conversion cavity, the distribution The upper circulation channel of the layer water separation joint 5 and the annular space between the upper joint 6 of the filling tool and the core pipe 11 form a liquid circulation channel as a whole; at this time, close the casing valve at the wellhead to close the liquid circulation channel , by injecting the sand-carrying liquid into the core pipe 11, the pressure is gradually increased, and the sand is filled into the oil layer at the bottom of the oil well, and the ground filling is carried out until the filling pressure setting value of the oil layer is reached, the pressure is stopped, and the pressure is diffused to complete the ground filling Filling; then open the casing valve at the wellhead, open the liquid circulation channel, inject the sand-carrying liquid into the core tube 11, the pressure will gradually increase, and after the sand-carrying liquid passes through the filter sand tube, the liquid will flow out of the wellhead through the liquid circulation channel The casing, the sand settles in the annulus between the casing and the sand filter pipe until the annulus is filled and the first layer of annulus is completed;

3. Carry out the second layer of ground filling and ring filling: put the second layer of steel balls with corresponding diameters into the core pipe 11 from the wellhead for the second time, and the steel balls fall on the top of the ball seat 12 of the filling tool of the second layer , and then inject liquid from the wellhead into the core pipe 11, the pressure reaches 18 MPa or above, the packer 7 on the upper part of the filling tool of the second layer is sealed, and the ball seat 12 moves down to the boss and stops. At this time, the steel ball is located at the lower side of the inner filling hole of the filling tool of the second layer, the inner filling hole is opened, and the downward passage of the core tube 11 is blocked, and the liquid enters the liquid circulation channel of the second layer of filling tool;

At this time, close the casing valve at the wellhead again, close the liquid circulation channel of the second-layer filling tool, inject the sand-carrying liquid through the core tube 11, and gradually increase the pressure, and fill the oil layer of the second layer of the oil well with sand. Carry out ground filling until the filling pressure setting value of the oil layer is reached, stop pressing, carry out pressure diffusion, and complete the ground filling of the second layer; then open the casing valve at the wellhead, open the circulation channel of the liquid, and pass through the core pipe 11 The sand-carrying liquid is injected inside, and the pressure is gradually increased. After the sand-carrying liquid passes through the filter sand pipe, the liquid flows out of the casing at the wellhead through the liquid circulation channel of the filling tool of the second layer, and the sand settles in the casing of the second layer and the sand filter. In the annulus between the pipes until it is fully filled, the second layer of annulus is completed;

4. Carry out hand removal: the well retention pipe string is formed by the upper joint 6 of the filling tool, the lower joint 3 of the filling tool and the stratified water diversion joint 5, and the hand core tube 11 is lifted through the wellhead device, and the hand core tube 11 is passed through the shear nails Drive the sealing sliding sleeve 4 to move upward, and when it moves to the shearing boss, the shearing boss interacts with the top of the sealing sliding sleeve 4, thereby cutting off the shear pin and closing the outer filling hole. The string used for sand filtering formed by the sand pipe is left in the position of the corresponding oil layer to provide sand filtering function for subsequent oil production operations; the core pipe 11 drives the connected compensator, and the ball seat and steel ball in the inner cavity are lifted out of the wellhead together. , to complete the lost homework.

Embodiment 2, referring to accompanying drawing 7, the difference between the present invention and embodiment 1 is that three groups of filling tools are lowered into the oil well, and the three groups of oil layers are filled in layers. In specific operation, step three can be repeated to connect and lower the downhole three-component layered filling tool to realize the layered ground filling and ring filling of the three oil layers.

Embodiment 3, the difference between the present invention and Embodiments 1 and 2 is: the outer wall of the lower part of the inner tube 14 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of snap rings 17, through the snap rings of the inner tube 14 and the next group of filling tools 10 The catcher 9 on the top of the discarding core tube 11 cooperates; the catcher 9 is provided with a plurality of groups of horse teeth buttons corresponding to the snap ring, and the snap ring adopts a circular truncated structure.

The structure of the present invention can also complete the effective connection and fixation of the hands-free core tube (11) and each group of filling tools (10), and can also play the role of Embodiment 1 or 2.

The above descriptions are only some of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the technical solutions described above or modify them into equivalent technical solutions. Therefore, any simple modification or equivalent replacement made according to the technical solution of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A construction method of an integral layered filling device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, lower pipe column: a blind plug (27) is put into a casing of an oil well, then a sand filtering pipe (28) is put into the casing, the lower part of the sand filtering pipe (28) is connected with the blind plug (27), then a first group of filling tools (10) are put into the casing, the sand filtering pipe (28) is connected with the filling tools (10) through a lower joint (3) of the filling tools, and meanwhile, a catcher on the upper part of a releasing core pipe (11) is connected with a lower joint (2) of a releasing core pipe of a second group of filling tools (10) through a compensator; two or more groups of filling tools are formed by connecting in sequence, and a packer (7) is arranged at the upper part of each group of filling tools (10);

secondly, performing first-layer ground filling and ring filling: a first layer of steel balls with corresponding diameters are thrown into the releasing core pipe (11) from a wellhead, the steel balls fall on the top of a ball seat (12) of a filling tool of the first layer, then liquid is injected into the releasing core pipe (11) from the wellhead, the pressure reaches 18 MPa or more, a packer (7) is sealed, the ball seat (12) moves downwards to a boss and stops, at the moment, the steel balls are located on the lower side of an inner filling hole, and the inner filling hole is opened; the inner wall of the layered water diversion joint (5) is provided with a sealed cavity which is matched with the closing or opening of the external filling hole through a sealed sliding sleeve (4), an upper circulating channel which is communicated up and down is arranged in the layered water distribution joint (5), the upper part of the layered water distribution joint is communicated with an annulus between the upper joint (6) of the filling tool and the releasing core pipe (11), the lower part of the layered water distribution joint is communicated with a lower circulating channel arranged in the lower joint (3) of the filling tool through a liquid conversion cavity, the releasing core pipe (11) passes through an inner filling hole, an outer filling hole, an annulus between the filling tool (10) and a sleeve, an annulus between the lower joint (3) of the filling tool and the releasing core pipe (11), a lower circulating channel of the lower joint (3) of the filling tool, a liquid conversion cavity and an upper circulating channel of the layered water distribution joint (5), and the annulus between the upper joint (6) of the filling tool and the releasing core pipe (11) forms a liquid circulating channel; at the moment, a sleeve valve of a wellhead is closed, a circulating channel of liquid is closed, sand carrying liquid is injected into a releasing core pipe (11), the pressure is gradually increased, sand is filled into an oil layer at the lowest layer of the oil well, ground filling is carried out until the set value of the filling pressure of the oil layer is reached, pressurizing is stopped, pressure diffusion is carried out, and ground filling is finished; opening a sleeve valve of a wellhead, opening a circulating channel of liquid, injecting sand carrying liquid into the releasing core pipe (11), gradually increasing the pressure, allowing the sand carrying liquid to flow out of the sleeve of the wellhead through the circulating channel of the liquid after the sand carrying liquid passes through a sand filtering pipe, settling sand in an annulus between the sleeve and the sand filtering pipe until the annulus is filled, and completing the annular filling of a first layer;

thirdly, performing second-layer ground filling and ring filling: a second layer of steel balls with corresponding diameters are thrown into the releasing core pipe (11) from the wellhead, the steel balls fall on the top of a ball seat (12) of a filling tool of the second layer, then liquid is injected into the releasing core pipe (11) from the wellhead, the pressure reaches 18 MPa or above, a packer (7) at the upper part of the filling tool of the second layer is sealed, the ball seat (12) moves downwards to a boss and stops, at the moment, the steel balls are located on the lower side of an inner filling hole of the filling tool of the second layer, the inner filling hole is opened, a downward channel of the releasing core pipe (11) is blocked, and the liquid enters a liquid circulation channel of the filling tool of the second layer;

at the moment, the sleeve valve of the wellhead is closed again, the circulating channel of the liquid of the second layer filling tool is closed, the sand carrying liquid is injected into the releasing core tube (11), the pressure is gradually increased, sand is filled into the oil layer of the second layer of the oil well, earth filling is carried out until the set value of the filling pressure of the oil layer is reached, the pressurizing is stopped, pressure diffusion is carried out, and the earth filling of the second layer is finished; and opening a casing valve of the wellhead, opening a circulating channel of the liquid, injecting the sand carrying liquid into the releasing core pipe (11), gradually increasing the pressure, allowing the sand carrying liquid to pass through a sand filtering pipe, allowing the liquid to flow out of the casing of the wellhead through the circulating channel of the liquid of the filling tool on the second layer, settling sand in an annular space between the casing of the second layer and the sand filtering pipe until the second layer is filled completely, and completing annular filling of the second layer.

2. the construction method of the integral type layered filling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: after the ground filling and the ring filling are finished, the releasing operation is carried out: a filling tool upper joint (6), a filling tool lower joint (3) and a layered water distribution joint (5) form a well-leaving pipe column, a releasing core pipe (11) is lifted up through a wellhead device, the releasing core pipe (11) drives a sealing sliding sleeve (4) to move upwards through a shear pin, when the releasing core pipe moves to a shear boss, the shear boss interacts with the top end of the sealing sliding sleeve (4), so that the shear pin is sheared, an outer filling hole is closed, and a sand-filtering pipe column formed by the well-leaving pipe column and a sand-filtering pipe is left at the position of a corresponding oil layer; the releasing core tube (11) drives the compensator, the ball seat and the steel ball to be lifted out of the well mouth, and releasing operation is completed.

3. the construction method of the integral type layered filling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and repeating the third step to realize three or more layers of layered filling and ring filling.