CN107721644A - A kind of high yield bio-fertilizer of arrowhead and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of high yield bio-fertilizer of arrowhead and preparation method thereof, belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, the bio-fertilizer is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：50 55 parts of pea shells, 10 15 parts of eggshells, 15 20 parts of granatums, 30 35 parts of stalks, 8 10 parts of shrimp shells, 30 35 parts of duck excrements, 25 30 parts of cow dungs, 0.4 0.6 parts of horse-tail extracts, 0.1 0.3 parts of milk thistle extracts, 0.02 0.03 parts of composite bacteria agents, 0.002 0.004 parts of additives are made by mixed fermentation.High yield bio-fertilizer proposed by the present invention and preparation method thereof can improve the survival rate of arrowhead nursery, pre- disease prevention, improve yield and bulb nutritive value, save fertilizer, planted suitable for large scale systemization, can be planting household increasing both production and income.

Description

High-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads and preparation method thereof

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads and a preparation method thereof.

[ background of the invention ]

The arrowhead is rich in various nutritional ingredients, has the effects of diminishing inflammation, detoxifying, promoting the production of body fluid, moistening the lung, invigorating the stomach, relieving cough and the like, and is one of the popular daily vegetable varieties. The main component of the arrowhead is starch, and the arrowhead also contains vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, mineral potassium, calcium, dietary fiber and protein, can promote the growth of the arrowhead to give heat energy to the body, and also helps to maintain the normal pH value in the blood, and can prevent and treat the edema caused by anemia, weak resistance and malnutrition; can maintain the normal function of the body, enhance the peristalsis of the intestines and stomach, promote appetite and keep good digestion, and is an ideal food for preventing and treating constipation. In conclusion, the popularization and planting of the arrowheads have higher economic value and social significance.

At present, the phenomena of low yield and poor quality of arrowhead corms caused by improper management often occur in the planting process, or the fertilization types are determined only according to general planting experiences when some growers fertilize, or a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used for improving the yield, so that the water quality and the soil are seriously damaged, the pesticide amount exceeds the standard, the taste is poor, and the market needs cannot be met.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention aims to: aiming at the existing problems, the high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads and the preparation method thereof are provided, the disease can be prevented, the morbidity of the arrowheads is reduced, the yield and the nutritive value of the arrowheads are improved, the fertilizer can be saved, the biological fertilizer is suitable for large-scale systematic planting, and the yield and income of growers can be increased.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-55 parts of pea shell, 10-15 parts of eggshell, 15-20 parts of pomegranate rind, 30-35 parts of straw, 8-10 parts of shrimp shell, 30-35 parts of duck manure, 25-30 parts of cow manure, 0.4-0.6 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.1-0.3 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.02-0.03 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.002-0.004 part of additive are prepared by mixing and fermenting;

wherein the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and yeast according to the mass ratio of 0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4:0.5-0.7: 1;

the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1.2-1.5:0.8-1.2: 1.

Further, the biological fertilizer is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of pea shell, 12 parts of eggshell, 18 parts of pomegranate rind, 33 parts of straw, 9 parts of shrimp shell, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.5 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.2 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.027 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.003 part of additive are mixed and fermented to prepare the microbial agent.

Further, the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and yeast according to the mass ratio of 0.2:0.3:0.6: 1.

Further, the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to the mass ratio of 2.6:1.4:0.9: 1.

Further, the preparation method of the sophora japonica extract comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol solution with volume concentration of 94% 4 times of the weight of the casuarina equisetifolia into the casuarina equisetifolia, performing reflux extraction for 6 hours, filtering, performing rotation and evaporation concentration on the obtained filtrate until the volume of the concentrated solution is room temperature, and measuring the solution with relative density of 1.2 to obtain the casuarina equisetifolia extract;

the preparation method of the silybum marianum extract comprises the following steps: adding herba Silybi Mariani into 8 times of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, filtering, decocting the residue for 2 times, mixing the filtrates, and concentrating to obtain solution with relative density of 1.2 at room temperature.

The invention provides a method for preparing a high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads, which comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting straws into 3-5cm small sections, putting the small sections, pea shells, pomegranate rinds, duck manure and cow manure into a fermentation tank, adding casuarina equisetifolia extract, silybum marianum extract and water for soaking for 40-50h, adding activated composite microbial agents to obtain a pretreatment material, transferring the pretreatment material into a fermentation methane tank for fermentation after the pretreatment is completed, wherein the fermentation temperature is 29-31 ℃, the fermentation time is 52-54h, and filtering and squeezing fermentation products until the water content is 45-48% after the fermentation is completed to obtain methane slag;

(2) fully drying eggshells and shrimp shells, then crushing the eggshells and the shrimp shells in a crusher until the particle size is smaller than 1mm to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in the biogas residue obtained in the step (1), standing and precipitating for 26-28h, and then filtering and squeezing to obtain a primary bio-fertilizer;

(3) and (5) sterilizing and packaging: and (3) placing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer in the step (2) into a sterilization chamber, sterilizing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using an ultraviolet lamp, and directly packaging the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using a packaging bag after sterilizing for 9 hours to obtain the biological fertilizer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, pea shells, egg shells, pomegranate peels, straws, shrimp shells, duck manure, cow dung, horsetail beefwood extracts, silybum marianum extracts, composite bacteria and additives are mixed according to a certain weight part and fermented to obtain the biological fertilizer, the adopted raw materials contain a large amount of substances beneficial to growth of arrowhead plants, and the adopted raw materials are all crop wastes or crop waste extracts; the extracts have the effect of fixing nitrogen after being treated by a series of treatments, so that the root system development of the arrowheads can be promoted, and the growth of root nodules of the arrowheads is improved; the pea shells, the eggshells, the pomegranate rinds, the straws, the shrimp shells, the duck manure and the cattle manure used in the invention contain a large amount of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium elements and a plurality of organic matter components, and the biological characteristics of the substances can play roles of loosening soil and ventilating in soil, thereby improving the growth and diffusion of plant roots. The fertilizer is applied to soil, so that nutrients such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are added to the soil, the physicochemical properties of the soil are further improved, the formation and conversion of soil humus and granular groups are promoted, the water retention performance and the soil fertility of the soil are improved, the disease resistance of plants can be improved, the morbidity is reduced, and the yield of crops is increased. Therefore, the fertilizer can provide full and comprehensive nutrient elements for the growth of arrowheads, improve the structure and the properties of soil, improve the soil fertility, play a certain role in sterilizing and deinsectizing and provide excellent conditions for the growth of arrowheads; in addition, the invention utilizes the crop wastes to ferment and prepare the fertilizer, changes waste into valuable, realizes reasonable cyclic utilization of resources, avoids the waste of the resources and reduces the production cost.

In a word, the high-yield biological fertilizer and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention can prevent diseases and reduce the incidence rate of arrowheads, thereby improving the yield and the nutritive value of arrowheads, saving the fertilizer, being suitable for large-scale systematic planting and increasing the yield and income of growers.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of pea shell, 10 parts of eggshell, 15 parts of pomegranate rind, 30 parts of straw, 8 parts of shrimp shell, 30 parts of duck manure, 25 parts of cow manure, 0.4 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.1 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.02 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.002 part of additive are mixed and fermented to prepare the microbial agent; wherein,

the preparation method of the sophora japonica extract comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol solution with volume concentration of 94% 4 times of the weight of the casuarina equisetifolia into the casuarina equisetifolia, performing reflux extraction for 6 hours, filtering, performing rotation and evaporation concentration on the obtained filtrate until the volume of the concentrated solution is room temperature, and measuring the solution with relative density of 1.2 to obtain the casuarina equisetifolia extract;

the preparation method of the silybum marianum extract comprises the following steps: adding herba Silybi Mariani into 8 times of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, filtering, decocting the residue for 2 times, mixing the filtrates, and concentrating to obtain solution with relative density of 1.2 at room temperature to obtain herba Silybi Mariani extract;

the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 0.1:0.2:0.5: 1;

the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to the mass ratio of 2:1.2:0.8: 1;

the preparation method of the biological fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting straws into 3cm small sections, putting the small sections, pea shells, pomegranate rinds, duck manure and cow manure into a fermentation collecting tank, adding a casuarina equisetifolia extract, a silybum marianum extract and water for soaking for 40 hours, adding an activated composite microbial agent to obtain a pretreatment material, transferring the pretreatment material after treatment into a fermentation methane tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 29 ℃, the fermentation time is 52 hours, and filtering and squeezing the fermentation product until the water content is 45% to obtain methane slag after the fermentation is finished;

(2) fully drying eggshells and shrimp shells, then crushing the eggshells and the shrimp shells in a crusher until the particle size is smaller than 1mm to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in the biogas residue obtained in the step (1), standing and precipitating for 26 hours, and then filtering and squeezing to obtain a primary bio-fertilizer;

(3) and (5) sterilizing and packaging: and (3) placing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer in the step (2) into a sterilization chamber, sterilizing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using an ultraviolet lamp, and directly packaging the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using a packaging bag after sterilizing for 9 hours to obtain the biological fertilizer.

Example 2

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of pea shell, 15 parts of eggshell, 20 parts of pomegranate rind, 35 parts of straw, 10 parts of shrimp shell, 35 parts of duck manure, 30 parts of cow manure, 0.6 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.3 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.03 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.004 part of additive are prepared by mixing and fermenting; wherein,

the preparation method of the sophora japonica extract comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol solution with volume concentration of 94% 4 times of the weight of the casuarina equisetifolia into the casuarina equisetifolia, performing reflux extraction for 6 hours, filtering, performing rotation and evaporation concentration on the obtained filtrate until the volume of the concentrated solution is room temperature, and measuring the solution with relative density of 1.2 to obtain the casuarina equisetifolia extract;

the preparation method of the silybum marianum extract comprises the following steps: adding herba Silybi Mariani into 8 times of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, filtering, decocting the residue for 2 times, mixing the filtrates, and concentrating to obtain solution with relative density of 1.2 at room temperature to obtain herba Silybi Mariani extract;

the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 0.3:0.4:0.7: 1;

the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to the mass ratio of 3:1.5:1.2: 1;

the preparation method of the biological fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting straws into 5cm small sections, putting the small sections, pea shells, pomegranate rinds, duck manure and cow manure into a fermentation collecting tank, adding a casuarina equisetifolia extract, a silybum marianum extract and water for soaking for 50 hours, adding an activated composite microbial agent to obtain a pretreatment material, transferring the pretreatment material after treatment into a fermentation methane tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 31 ℃, the fermentation time is 54 hours, and filtering and squeezing the fermentation product after fermentation is finished until the water content is 48% to obtain methane slag;

(2) fully drying eggshells and shrimp shells, then crushing the eggshells and the shrimp shells in a crusher until the particle size is smaller than 1mm to obtain a mixture, putting the mixture into the biogas residue obtained in the step (1), standing and precipitating for 28 hours, and then filtering and squeezing to obtain a primary bio-fertilizer;

(3) and (5) sterilizing and packaging: and (3) placing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer in the step (2) into a sterilization chamber, sterilizing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using an ultraviolet lamp, and directly packaging the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using a packaging bag after sterilizing for 9 hours to obtain the biological fertilizer.

Example 3

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of pea shell, 12 parts of eggshell, 18 parts of pomegranate rind, 33 parts of straw, 9 parts of shrimp shell, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.5 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.2 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.027 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.003 part of additive are mixed and fermented to prepare the microbial agent; wherein,

the preparation method of the sophora japonica extract comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol solution with volume concentration of 94% 4 times of the weight of the casuarina equisetifolia into the casuarina equisetifolia, performing reflux extraction for 6 hours, filtering, performing rotation and evaporation concentration on the obtained filtrate until the volume of the concentrated solution is room temperature, and measuring the solution with relative density of 1.2 to obtain the casuarina equisetifolia extract;

the preparation method of the silybum marianum extract comprises the following steps: adding herba Silybi Mariani into 8 times of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, filtering, decocting the residue for 2 times, mixing the filtrates, and concentrating to obtain solution with relative density of 1.2 at room temperature to obtain herba Silybi Mariani extract;

the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 0.2:0.3:0.6: 1;

the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to the mass ratio of 2.6:1.4:0.9: 1;

the preparation method of the biological fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting straws into 4cm small sections, putting the small sections, pea shells, pomegranate rinds, duck manure and cow manure into a fermentation collecting tank, adding a casuarina equisetifolia extract, a silybum marianum extract and water for soaking for 47 hours, adding an activated composite microbial agent to obtain a pretreatment material, transferring the pretreatment material after treatment into a fermentation methane tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, the fermentation time is 52 hours, and filtering and squeezing the fermentation product after fermentation is finished until the water content is 46% to obtain methane slag;

(2) fully drying eggshells and shrimp shells, then crushing the eggshells and the shrimp shells in a crusher until the particle size is smaller than 1mm to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in the biogas residue obtained in the step (1), standing and precipitating for 27 hours, and then filtering and squeezing to obtain a primary bio-fertilizer;

(3) and (5) sterilizing and packaging: and (3) placing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer in the step (2) into a sterilization chamber, sterilizing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using an ultraviolet lamp, and directly packaging the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using a packaging bag after sterilizing for 9 hours to obtain the biological fertilizer.

Comparative example 1

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of pea shell, 12 parts of eggshell, 18 parts of pomegranate rind, 33 parts of straw, 9 parts of shrimp shell, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.5 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.2 part of silybum marianum extract and 0.027 part of composite microbial inoculum are mixed and fermented to prepare the microbial inoculum; otherwise, the procedure was as in example 3.

Comparative example 2

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of pea shell, 12 parts of eggshell, 18 parts of pomegranate rind, 33 parts of straw, 9 parts of shrimp shell, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.5 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.2 part of silybum marianum extract and 0.003 part of additive are mixed and fermented to prepare the feed additive; otherwise, the procedure was as in example 3.

Comparative example 3

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of pea shells, 12 parts of eggshells, 18 parts of pomegranate peels, 33 parts of straws, 9 parts of shrimp shells, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.027 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 0.003 parts of additives are prepared by mixing and fermenting; otherwise, the procedure was as in example 3.

Comparative example 4

The high-yield biological fertilizer for the arrowheads is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of eggshells, 33 parts of straws, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.5 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.2 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.027 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.003 part of additive are mixed and fermented to prepare the feed; otherwise, the procedure was as in example 3.

Experimental case

According to the method, through a large number of field experiments, the edible tulip is averagely divided into five groups, one mu is planted in each group, the biological fertilizers of the embodiment 3 and the comparative examples 1-4 are respectively applied to adjacent places for planting, the obtained fruits are collected in the harvesting period, and the average growth condition of the fruits is recorded, wherein the specific data are shown in the table 1;

TABLE 1 average growth

	Plant yield (kg)	Survival rate (%)
			Example 3	1826.5	100
Comparative example 1	1463.8	86
			Comparative example 2	1437.7	84
Comparative example 3	1426.3	82
			Comparative example 4	1523.2	94

As can be seen from the results in table 1, each index of the arrowheads planted by using the bio-fertilizer of the embodiment 3 of the present invention is superior to that of other comparative examples, and the yield of the obtained arrowheads is high, which indicates that the bio-fertilizer obtained by using the manufacturing method of the present invention can significantly improve the yield and survival rate of the arrowheads.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (6)

1. The high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads is characterized by being prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-55 parts of pea shell, 10-15 parts of eggshell, 15-20 parts of pomegranate rind, 30-35 parts of straw, 8-10 parts of shrimp shell, 30-35 parts of duck manure, 25-30 parts of cow manure, 0.4-0.6 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.1-0.3 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.02-0.03 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.002-0.004 part of additive are prepared by mixing and fermenting;

wherein the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and yeast according to the mass ratio of 0.1-0.3:0.2-0.4:0.5-0.7: 1;

the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1.2-1.5:0.8-1.2: 1.

2. The high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads according to claim 1, which is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of pea shell, 12 parts of eggshell, 18 parts of pomegranate rind, 33 parts of straw, 9 parts of shrimp shell, 32 parts of duck manure, 28 parts of cow manure, 0.5 part of casuarina equisetifolia extract, 0.2 part of silybum marianum extract, 0.027 part of composite microbial inoculum and 0.003 part of additive are mixed and fermented to prepare the microbial agent.

3. The high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads according to claim 1, wherein the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing streptomyces microflavus, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis and yeast according to a mass ratio of 0.2:0.3:0.6: 1.

4. The high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads according to claim 1, wherein the additive is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfide and ferrous sulfate according to a mass ratio of 2.6:1.4:0.9: 1.

5. The high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the broad bean root extract comprises the following steps: adding an ethanol solution with volume concentration of 94% 4 times of the weight of the casuarina equisetifolia into the casuarina equisetifolia, performing reflux extraction for 6 hours, filtering, performing rotation and evaporation concentration on the obtained filtrate until the volume of the concentrated solution is room temperature, and measuring the solution with relative density of 1.2 to obtain the casuarina equisetifolia extract;

the preparation method of the silybum marianum extract comprises the following steps: adding herba Silybi Mariani into 8 times of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, filtering, decocting the residue for 2 times, mixing the filtrates, and concentrating to obtain solution with relative density of 1.2 at room temperature.

6. The manufacturing method of the high-yield biological fertilizer for arrowheads according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) cutting straws into 3-5cm small sections, putting the small sections, pea shells, pomegranate rinds, duck manure and cow manure into a fermentation tank, adding casuarina equisetifolia extract, silybum marianum extract and water for soaking for 40-50h, adding activated composite microbial agents to obtain a pretreatment material, transferring the pretreatment material into a fermentation methane tank for fermentation after the pretreatment is completed, wherein the fermentation temperature is 29-31 ℃, the fermentation time is 52-54h, and filtering and squeezing fermentation products until the water content is 45-48% after the fermentation is completed to obtain methane slag;

(2) fully drying eggshells and shrimp shells, then crushing the eggshells and the shrimp shells in a crusher until the particle size is smaller than 1mm to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in the biogas residue obtained in the step (1), standing and precipitating for 26-28h, and then filtering and squeezing to obtain a primary bio-fertilizer;

(3) and (5) sterilizing and packaging: and (3) placing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer in the step (2) into a sterilization chamber, sterilizing the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using an ultraviolet lamp, and directly packaging the primarily prepared biological fertilizer by using a packaging bag after sterilizing for 9 hours to obtain the biological fertilizer.