CN107824022B - Treatment method and treatment system for waste water and waste gas in power industry - Google Patents
Treatment method and treatment system for waste water and waste gas in power industry Download PDFInfo
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- CN107824022B CN107824022B CN201711088970.1A CN201711088970A CN107824022B CN 107824022 B CN107824022 B CN 107824022B CN 201711088970 A CN201711088970 A CN 201711088970A CN 107824022 B CN107824022 B CN 107824022B
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- waste gas
- water
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- waste
- wastewater
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Images
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Abstract
本发明涉及污水、废气处理领域，具体涉及一种电力行业废水废气的处理方法和处理系统。本发明能够将废气废水的污染物以固体结晶盐的形式去除，将废水快速蒸发成水蒸气，完全无污染，废水实现零排放，废气经过三道处理，确保无废气泄露。通过蒸发助剂节约燃料，利用废气余热、提高煤粉燃烧效率和炉膛导热效率来提高燃烧的整体热效率。本发明采用的技术方案是：S1：先对燃烧产生的废气进行降温，得到降温后的废气和热空气；S2：降温后的废气通入石灰水中产生沉淀；S3：用步骤S1中产生的热空气对步骤S2中产生的废水进行吹脱，废水中加入蒸发助剂，吹脱产生的废气和水蒸气再次用于燃烧。本发明适用于各行业的燃煤炉，应用前景广阔。
The invention relates to the field of sewage and waste gas treatment, in particular to a treatment method and treatment system for waste water and waste gas in the power industry. The invention can remove pollutants of waste gas and waste water in the form of solid crystalline salt, quickly evaporate waste water into water vapor, completely pollution-free, realize zero discharge of waste water, and ensure no waste gas leakage through three-stage treatment of waste gas. Fuel is saved by evaporation aids, and the overall thermal efficiency of combustion is improved by utilizing the waste heat of exhaust gas, improving the combustion efficiency of pulverized coal and the heat conduction efficiency of the furnace. The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: S1: firstly cool the waste gas generated by combustion to obtain the cooled waste gas and hot air; S2: pass the cooled waste gas into lime water to produce precipitation; S3: use the heat generated in step S1 The waste water produced in step S2 is stripped off by air, an evaporation aid is added to the waste water, and the waste gas and water vapor produced by stripping are used for combustion again. The invention is suitable for coal-fired furnaces in various industries and has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of combined treatment of sewage and waste gas, in particular to a method and a system for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry.
Background
The waste water and gas of the power industry are mainly concentrated in coal-fired power plants. At present, all thermal power plants in China are put into a flue gas desulfurization system, the emission of sulfur oxides is controlled by a flue gas desulfurization technology, however, because the desulfurization process adopts wet desulfurization, a large amount of wastewater is generated, impurities contained in the wastewater mainly comprise suspended matters, supersaturated sulfite, sulfate and heavy metals, and most of the impurities are first-class pollutants which are strictly controlled in the national environmental protection standard. The wastewater must be treated to meet acceptable discharge standards. Wet desulfurization, which is characterized in that a desulfurization system is positioned at the tail end of a flue and behind a dust remover, and sulfide and sulfur oxide corrode a pipeline; the reaction temperature in the desulfurization process is lower than the dew point, so the desulfurized flue gas can be discharged only by reheating, and the wet flue gas desulfurization has the problems of waste water treatment, large initial investment and higher operating cost.
The flue gas after coal combustion contains a large amount of harmful gases and solids, and main pollutants of the harmful gases comprise nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, smoke dust, Hg, CO and the like; the solid waste is mainly fly ash, and the fly ash comprises the following main components: SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3, CaO, TiO2, and the like. With the development of the electric power and petroleum industries, the discharge amount of harmful gases and fly ash is increased year by year, and the harmful gases and the fly ash become industrial waste gases and waste residues with larger discharge amount in China at present. In order to eliminate pollutants and make the emission of enterprises reach the standard, at present, a plurality of processes such as dust removal, desulfurization, denitration and the like are generally adopted to treat the emission, and the process is complex, the treatment efficiency is low, and the cost is high. These processes are effective in removing pollutants listed in emission standards such as heavy metals, SS (suspended particulate), F-, COD (chemical Oxygen demand), sulfides, etc., but are not effective in removing soluble substances that are not required in emission standards such as Ca2+, Cl-, Na +, SO42-, etc. With the gradual improvement of national requirements for environmental protection, part of newly built coal-fired power plants are required to achieve zero emission of wastewater. As a result, the advanced treatment of waste water and exhaust gas containing high concentrations of SOx-, NO3-, Cl-and large amounts of dissolved solids is a pressing problem in power plants.
The existing treatment process for combustion waste gas can generate waste water. The waste water generated in the wet flue gas desulfurization (limestone/gypsum method) process of the coal-fired power plant comes from the waste water discharged by the desulfurization absorption tower. In order to maintain the balance of the materials of the slurry circulation system of the desulfurization unit, prevent the concentration of the soluble fraction, i.e., chlorine, in the flue gas from exceeding a specified value and ensure the quality of gypsum, a certain amount of wastewater, mainly from gypsum desulfurization wastewater and a cleaning system, must be discharged from the system. The existing process can effectively reduce the content of suspended matters, organic matters, fluorine and trace heavy metals in the desulfurization wastewater, but the content of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO 42-and the like in the treated wastewater is still high, and an effective method for removing soluble salts such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO 42-and the like in the desulfurization wastewater is not available, SO that the environmental influence can be caused by long-term discharge, and the reuse of the treated desulfurization wastewater is not facilitated. With the gradual increase of national requirements on environmental protection, the advanced treatment of desulfurization wastewater becomes a problem which must be solved. The same problem can occur in some other waste waters containing soluble salts. Current treatment processes are not capable of eradicating either waste water or waste gases.
In the prior art, the function for treating the waste water and the flue gas is single, for example, the method and the device for recycling the wet desulphurization waste water of the thermal power plant with the publication number of CN103787541 can only treat the waste water, the recycled waste water needs to be prepared into pure steam, and the quality of gypsum generated in the wet desulphurization process is not high, because the quality of the gypsum is still influenced by chloride ions in the boiler flue gas. The treatment of boiler flue gas and boiler coking is not involved, the function is too single, the equipment is complicated, and the investment cost is high. The existing process for treating the flue gas wastewater mostly adopts one-time treatment, and has residues and potential safety hazards. The process of multiple treatment consumes more energy, manpower and material resources. At present, the wastewater treatment process is mostly provided with an adjusting tank, the adjusting tank is used for adjusting the water quantity, eliminating peak load and adjusting the water quality, so that the treatment effect cannot be interfered due to sudden change of the water quality. The invention does not need to be provided with a regulating tank, has stable treatment effect and can not be interfered by sudden change of water quality. The common knowledge in the art is that the high-temperature combustion flue gas enters the absorption tower after being subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction through a heat exchanger, but in order to avoid corrosion of the flue gas heat exchanger and the pipeline, special treatment needs to be performed on the interior of the heat exchanger and the pipeline, for example, schemes of spraying lining scale resin, coating enamel, and adopting nickel-based alloy as parts. These solutions affect the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, require special equipment, and are high in investment cost, which is not beneficial to practical production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for removing soluble solids in waste gas and waste water in the form of solid crystal salt, which has the advantages of high waste water evaporation speed, reduced energy consumption, utilization of waste gas waste heat, and improvement of pulverized coal combustion efficiency and furnace heat conduction efficiency to improve the overall thermal efficiency of combustion.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing a waste water and waste gas treatment system in the power industry, which implements the waste water and waste gas treatment method, does not need to be provided with a regulating tank, has stable treatment effect and cannot be interfered by sudden change of water quality.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing a thermal power plant wastewater treatment agent, which can improve the evaporation rate of water vapor and avoid hard scaling and hard blocking.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion;
s4: the wastewater treated in step S3 is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the separated wastewater is reused in step S2.
And another scheme of the step S2 is to introduce the waste gas into the lime water in a closed environment, collect the waste gas treated by the lime water and introduce the waste gas in the step S3 into the combustion chamber for burning again. Most of gases such as dust, CO2 and SO2 in the waste gas are absorbed, only a small amount of harmful gases are difficult to treat by the solution, the harmful gases enter the combustion chamber to be subjected to C, H2 and CO reduction treatment, and harmful substances are decomposed in a reducing atmosphere to realize harmless treatment. (the flow is shown in FIG. 4)
And step S3, blowing off the waste water by hot air in a closed environment, and collecting the blown-off waste gas for combustion.
Step S4 may also be (for ease of distinction, this feature is recorded as S4-1): and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The overall scheme of the S4-1 process is as follows: a method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion;
s4-1: and continuously blowing until the water is evaporated (all the water vapor is recycled for burning again), and drying the precipitate in the water and removing the precipitate.
And another scheme of the step S2 is to introduce the waste gas into the lime water in a closed environment, collect the waste gas treated by the lime water and introduce the waste gas in the step S3 into the combustion chamber for burning again. Most of gases such as dust, CO2 and SO2 in the waste gas are absorbed, only a small amount of harmful gases are difficult to treat by the solution, the harmful gases enter the combustion chamber to be subjected to C, H2 and CO reduction treatment, and harmful substances are decomposed in a reducing atmosphere to realize harmless treatment. (the flow is shown in FIG. 4)
And step S3, blowing off the waste water by hot air in a closed environment, and collecting the blown-off waste gas for combustion.
The gypsum is especially suitable for cement industry, and can shorten cement hardening time, improve cement hardness, reduce pores and improve cement surface smoothness.
The wastewater generated in step S4 can be directly discharged or recycled. When the waste water is recycled, lime is added for treating the waste gas after the temperature reduction of S1 in the step S2. The exhaust gas from S3 is reused for combustion. Therefore, the technical scheme does not produce waste water and waste gas pollution.
By adopting the technical scheme of S4-1, no waste water is generated, so the waste water discharge is zero, the waste water pollution can be eradicated, and the process completely utilizes the waste heat of the waste gas without independently consuming energy consumption and heat. When the calcium sulfate is dried, the surface layer is covered by the flocculating agent and is not easy to blow away. The various salts dissolved in the water are removed as crystalline salts.
The chlorine in coal exists in the form of alkali metal chloride (mainly sodium chloride), the content is generally 0.01-0.2%, and the content can reach 1%. A small portion of the chlorine is present as organic chlorides, and most of it is converted to inorganic chlorides during high temperature combustion of the coal. Chloride strongly corrodes the furnace and the flue gas pipeline.
Step S1, the high-temperature waste gas is suddenly cooled, and water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like in the waste gas are condensed and aggregated and reacted with the fly ash to aggregate into solid which is removed from the waste gas; particularly, the fly ash is mixed and condensed together, so that the condensate is crisp and is easy to peel off in a whole piece, and the collection is convenient. The sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like are removed firstly, and the quality of the gypsum in wet desulphurization (limestone/gypsum method) is improved.
The function of step S2 is: after the reaction, residual smoke dust, heavy metal, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant are removed by precipitation; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas can remove Ca2+ in the solution (wastewater), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration of the solution, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or meets the wastewater recycling requirement; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the waste gas generate more insoluble carbonate, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like, and are easier to remove completely (the reaction strengthens the removal of heavy metal and Mg2+ in the step S2, and the removal is carried out twice); al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated. Absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas and denitrating the exhaust gas.
The function of step S3 is: the ammonia nitrogen is blown out by the hot air in the form of ammonia gas; the hot air can drive more water vapor to enter the hearth to generate water gas, so that the heat efficiency of combustion is improved; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite, and accelerates the precipitation.
The solid-liquid separation in step S4 may be performed by conventional means such as standing clarification, centrifugal separation, filtration, and filter pressing. Since the flocculant, the coagulation nuclei and the weighting agent are provided in step S2, the solid-liquid separation speed is high and the working efficiency is high.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises: one or more of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, potassium propionate, calcium propionate and potassium cinnamate. The addition amount is 200-5000 g per ton of water.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-120 parts of titanium dioxide and 50-220 parts of silicon dioxide.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-80 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-100 parts of silicon dioxide and 5-25 parts of potassium propionate. Is suitable for wastewater with high heavy metal content.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-70 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-90 parts of silicon dioxide and 5-35 parts of calcium propionate.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-110 parts of titanium dioxide, 40-100 parts of silicon dioxide, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate and 5-30 parts of potassium propionate.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-60 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-60 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-25 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-20 parts of ferric sulfate and 10-40 parts of calcium propionate. Is suitable for waste water with high COD.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-120 parts of titanium dioxide, 30-150 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-30 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate and 10-40 parts of calcium propionate.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 30-150 parts of titanium dioxide, 30-140 parts of silicon dioxide, 10-30 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-25 parts of ferric sulfate, 10-40 parts of potassium propionate and 5-35 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high phosphorus content.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 50-200 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-30 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-35 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 7-35 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high content of refractory organic matters.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 10-40 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-40 parts of potassium propionate, 8-50 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high saline-alkali content.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 15-40 parts of potassium propionate, 10-50 parts of calcium propionate and 7-30 parts of potassium cinnamate.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-80 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-100 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
The wastewater treatment agent can accelerate water evaporation and reduce the energy required to evaporate water molecules by reducing water-water interaction. The method can be applied to various fields needing water molecule evaporation, such as evaporation treatment of petrochemical refining wastewater, wastewater evaporation treatment of metal smelting, evaporation treatment of thermal power plant desulfurization wastewater, evaporation treatment of thermal power plant denitration wastewater, evaporation treatment of pesticide plant wastewater, evaporation treatment of printing and dyeing plant wastewater, evaporation treatment of electroplating plant wastewater, treatment of oil and gas field sulfur-containing wastewater and the like.
The invention also aims to provide a system for treating wastewater and waste gas in the power industry, which comprises a waste gas condensing system, a hot air stripping system and a waste gas recycling system;
the waste gas condensing system is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion chamber, and high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through the heat exchange component; the condensed waste gas enters lime water to generate precipitate and waste water, and the waste water and the precipitate are treated by a hot air stripping process; the air after heat exchange enters a hot air stripping system;
the hot air stripping system is connected to a hot air outlet of the waste gas condensing system, and the hot air is used for stripping the waste water added with the waste water treating agent; blowing-off waste gas, water vapor and air used for blowing off generated after blowing off enter a waste gas recycling system; adding a wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater in the hot air stripping system;
waste gas recycling system: and introducing the generated stripping waste gas, water vapor and air used for stripping into a combustion furnace for combustion again, wherein the waste gas generated by combustion enters a waste gas condensation system.
The exhaust gas condensing system of the present invention comprises: heat exchange components, lime water; the hot air stripping system comprises: hot air pipes, contactors; the exhaust gas recycling system comprises: contactor exhaust pipe (for conveying water vapor, air and blowing off waste gas) and combustion furnace.
In another embodiment of the off-gas condensing system of the present invention: the waste gas condensing system is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion chamber, and high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through the heat exchange component; the condensed waste gas enters lime water to generate precipitation and waste water, and the waste gas treated by the lime water is reused for combustion; waste water and sediment are treated by a hot air stripping process; the air after heat exchange enters a hot air stripping system;
the remaining processes, equipment and systems are the same as above.
The waste water and gas treatment system for the power plant and the petrochemical refinery also comprises: the heat exchange part of the waste gas condensation system is provided with a hot waste gas inlet connected with the combustion chamber and a cold waste gas outlet communicated with limestone water, the heat exchange part is provided with a discharge port (used for discharging water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like and solid aggregated by fly ash), a cold air inlet and a hot air outlet connected with an air inlet of the hot air stripping system; the contactor of the hot air stripping system is provided with a hot air inlet connected with a hot air outlet of the waste gas condensing system, an air outlet for guiding stripped waste gas, water vapor and air used for stripping into a waste gas recycling system, a discharge port for discharging salt crystals, gypsum and other solids (the discharge port can also be used for adding a waste water treatment agent), and a feed port for adding the waste water treatment agent (the feed port can also be omitted, and the waste water treatment agent is added from the discharge port); the waste gas recycling system also comprises a pipeline for connecting the gas outlet of the contactor and the combustion chamber, and waste gas is guided into the combustion chamber.
In the hot air stripping system, air and waste water are directly contacted in the contactor and can be stripped until moisture is completely evaporated.
The contactor of the hot air stripping system realizes sealing after closing the discharge port and the feed port, and forms a closed airtight environment with the hot air inlet pipeline and the hot air outlet pipeline.
The waste gas recycling system can be connected with a pressurizing device, a medicament applying device and the like. The waste gas condensing system and the hot air stripping system can simultaneously treat the lime water in a plurality of containers and can also treat the lime water in one container in stages.
The invention also provides a method for treating wastewater by using the waste gas of the power plant, which comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: adding lime into the wastewater, and generating a precipitate after reaction;
s3: introducing the waste gas treated in the step S1 into the waste water treated in the step S2 to generate new precipitates, wherein the waste gas is used for secondary combustion;
s4: and adding a wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater generated in the step S3, blowing off the wastewater generated in the step S3 by using hot air generated in the step S1 to generate new precipitates, reusing the wastewater generated by blowing off and steam for combustion, continuously blowing off until water is evaporated (all the steam is reused for secondary combustion), and drying and removing the precipitates in the water.
And step S4, blowing off the waste water by hot air in a closed environment, and collecting the blown-off waste gas for combustion.
Step S4 does not generate wastewater, and thus wastewater discharge is zero, so that wastewater pollution can be eradicated, and the process fully utilizes waste heat of exhaust gas without separately consuming energy consumption and heat. When the calcium sulfate is dried, the surface layer is covered by the flocculating agent and is not easy to blow away.
Step S1, the high-temperature waste gas is suddenly cooled, and water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like in the waste gas are condensed and aggregated and reacted with the fly ash to aggregate into solid which is removed from the waste gas; particularly, the fly ash is mixed and condensed together, so that the condensate is crisp and is easy to peel off in a whole piece, and the collection is convenient. The sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like are removed firstly, and the quality of the gypsum in wet desulphurization (limestone/gypsum method) is improved.
The function of step S2 is: after the reaction, most heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the power plant wastewater are removed by precipitation.
The function of step S3 is: precipitating to remove residual smoke dust in the waste gas of the power plant; the CO2 in the waste gas can be used for removing Ca2+ in the solution (waste water) and adjusting the content of CaSO4 to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the waste gas generate more insoluble carbonate, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like, and are easier to remove completely (the reaction strengthens the removal of heavy metal and Mg2+ in the step S2, and the removal is carried out twice); al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated. Absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas and denitrating the exhaust gas. The effect of introducing the waste gas in the S3 into the combustion chamber for secondary combustion is that most of gases such as dust, CO2, SO2 and the like in the waste gas are absorbed by the solution, only a small amount of harmful gases are difficult to treat by the solution, the harmful gases enter the combustion chamber and are subjected to reduction treatment by C, H2 and CO, and harmful substances are decomposed in a reducing atmosphere to realize harmless treatment. (the flow is shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6)
The function of step S4 is: the ammonia nitrogen is blown out by the hot air in the form of ammonia gas; the hot air can drive more water vapor to enter the hearth to generate water gas, so that the heat efficiency of combustion is improved; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation; hot air is used to dry the calcium sulfate. The various salts dissolved in the water are removed as crystalline salts.
The invention also provides a system for treating desulfurization wastewater by using the waste gas of the power plant, which comprises a waste gas condensation system, a hot air stripping system and a waste gas recycling system;
adding lime into the desulfurization wastewater for treatment;
the waste gas condensing system is connected to an exhaust port of the combustion furnace, high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through a heat exchange component, the condensed waste gas is introduced into desulfurization waste water added with lime to generate precipitate, and the waste water is treated by a hot air stripping process; the air after heat exchange enters a hot air stripping system;
the hot air stripping system is connected to a hot air outlet of the waste gas condensing system, a waste water treating agent is added into the waste water, and the hot air is utilized to strip the waste water; blowing-off waste gas and steam generated after blowing-off enter a waste gas recycling system;
the waste gas recycling system is connected to a waste gas outlet of the hot air stripping system, stripping waste gas and steam are introduced into the combustion furnace to be combusted again, stripping is continuously carried out until water is evaporated, and waste gas generated by combustion enters the waste gas condensing system.
The exhaust gas condensing system of the present invention comprises: heat exchange components, lime water; the hot air stripping system comprises: hot air pipes, contactors; the exhaust gas recycling system comprises: contactor exhaust pipe (water vapor, air, stripping waste gas), combustion furnace.
The system for treating desulfurization wastewater by using power plant waste gas further comprises: the heat exchange part of the waste gas condensation system is provided with a hot waste gas inlet connected with the combustion chamber and a cold waste gas outlet communicated with limestone water, the heat exchange part is provided with a discharge port (used for discharging water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like and solid aggregated by fly ash), a cold air inlet and a hot air outlet connected with an air inlet of the hot air stripping system; the contactor of the hot air stripping system is provided with a hot air inlet connected with a hot air outlet of the waste gas condensing system, an air outlet for guiding stripped waste gas, water vapor and air used for stripping into a waste gas recycling system, a discharge port for discharging salt crystals, gypsum and other solids (the discharge port can also be used for adding a waste water treatment agent), and a feed port for adding the waste water treatment agent (the feed port can also be omitted, and the waste water treatment agent is added from the discharge port); the waste gas recycling system also comprises a pipeline for connecting the gas outlet of the contactor and the combustion chamber, and waste gas is guided into the combustion chamber.
The waste gas condensing system is connected to an exhaust port of the combustion furnace, high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through a heat exchange component, the condensed waste gas is introduced into desulfurization waste water added with lime to generate precipitate, and the treated waste gas is recycled for combustion; treating the wastewater by a hot air stripping process; the air after heat exchange enters a hot air stripping system.
In the hot air stripping system, air and waste water are directly contacted in the contactor and can be stripped until moisture is completely evaporated.
The contactor of the hot air stripping system realizes sealing after closing the discharge port and the feed port, and forms a closed airtight environment with the hot air inlet pipeline and the hot air outlet pipeline.
The waste gas recycling system can be connected with a pressurizing device, a medicament applying device and the like.
In the treatment system, the wastewater can also be directly added into the contactor for stripping. Because the waste water is blown off in a closed environment until the waste water is completely evaporated, the blown-off products and the water vapor are reused for combustion, and no peculiar smell or pollution is caused; the dissolved matter in the wastewater is removed in the form of solids.
The treatment method and the treatment system provided by the application can realize zero discharge of wastewater, and waste gas is treated by three processes, so that odor is completely eliminated, and almost zero discharge is realized. The waste gas and hot air generated by the air stripping process are used for secondary combustion, so that the heat utilization rate is high and the purification rate is high. Hot air is blown off to drive water vapor to enter the combustion chamber, the water vapor reacts with fire coal to generate water gas, and the water gas is used for combustion, so that the heat efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is saved; when the steam meets hot coal coking on the furnace wall and the grate, the instant temperature reduction leads the coking to break and disintegrate, the steam is decomposed into H2 and CO which are slightly detonated and exploded on the coking surface layer to generate small explosion impact, the coking falls off and is crushed into powder to be discharged along with waste gas, and the coking of the hearth is prevented, cured; the hearth is not coked, and the fuel utilization rate is higher. In the hot air stripping process, the stripping efficiency is high, the purification rate is high, water enters the combustion chamber in the form of water vapor and reacts with coal powder through water gas reaction, the coal powder is continuously crushed into extremely fine particles, and the combustion efficiency is higher. H2 generated by the waste gas recycling process is subjected to fine deflagration and explosion on the surfaces of coal and coking, in a microscopic environment, local temperature and pressure suddenly change, a large amount of energy is suddenly and intensively released, the molecular bond of NOx is damaged, the NOx becomes extremely unstable, part of NOx and metal cations form nitrate and nitrite, part of NOx and hydrogen are converted into nitrogen and NHx, oxygen radicals are released to react with hydroxyl radicals C, CO to generate CO2, the NOx is eliminated, the generation of nitrogen oxides is inhibited, meanwhile, the participation of reducing gas greatly inhibits the synthesis of the nitrogen oxides, the pollution of the NOx is avoided from the root source, and the corrosion to equipment is prevented; and then, quenching and denitration are carried out on the waste gas in the step S1, denitration is carried out on the waste gas in lime water, and NOx pollution is radically treated in three steps. The hot air can sterilize the waste water at high temperature and kill bacteria and viruses. The water vapor is blown into the combustion chamber, so that the bacteria and viruses can be killed thoroughly at high temperature for the second time.
In the waste gas treatment process, firstly, the waste gas is cooled suddenly, pollutants such as water vapor, pungent gas, NOx, chloride, salts and the like are condensed and adsorbed into the fly ash to be removed, and odor and corrosion are avoided; then the waste gas is introduced into lime water or waste water for secondary absorption, so that pollutants and odor which are not completely absorbed are prevented from leaking; and then hot air is used for blowing off the wastewater, and the blown-off waste gas is recycled for combustion, so that the waste gas and the odor are thoroughly eliminated. Therefore, the process has three links of eliminating waste gas and odor, circularly burns out pollutants, radically treats the environmental pollution of the waste gas and the odor, and has extremely high safety. Firstly, removing water vapor, irritant gases, NOx, chlorides and salts, preventing the corrosion of pipelines and improving the quality of gypsum. CaSO4 begins to gather at the end of the stripping process, and a small amount of fly ash brought by the waste gas prevents CaSO4 from scaling, particularly prevents calcium ions from forming hard scale, and is convenient to clean.
The research shows that chlorine is separated out from coal in the form of hydrogen chloride in the cracking and burning processes of the coal, the blowing-off waste gas recycling process drives water vapor and CaO in coal ash to prevent the chloride from corroding the walls of pipelines and carbonization chambers, CO in water gas inhibits the separation and generation of the hydrogen chloride, and chloride ions are removed in the form of calcium chloride to reduce industrial loss caused by corrosion. In the process of blowing off the wastewater by hot air, the blown ammonia gas inhibits the formation of hydrogen chloride and reduces corrosion. The hot air stripping process completely evaporates the waste water for combustion, and Ca2+, Cl-, K +, Na +, SO42-, NO 3-and the like in the waste water and the waste gas are all left in the dried precipitate to be completely removed, SO that the removal rate of soluble substances such as various salts, alkalis, heavy metal ions and the like in the pollutants reaches one hundred percent. The removal rate of the waste water reaches one hundred percent, and no waste water is generated.
The structures of calcium propionate-water molecule, SiO 2-water molecule and TiO 2-water molecule are easier to separate from water molecule than the structures of water molecule-water molecule, and can be directly blown off by hot air introduced into the solution even in the solution and discharged along with bubbles; the SiO2 and TiO2 powder particles enlarge the evaporation area in geometric times, so that water molecules in contact with the particles are easy to separate, and the evaporation rate is improved. The evaporation of the liquid takes place with absorption of heat, and in the case of the liquid itself, the temperature of the surface of the liquid will be lower than the temperature of the part of the liquid to be heated because of the absorption of heat by evaporation. Potassium propionate, SiO2 and TiO2 molecules absorb heat and then rapidly move in the solution, vibrate and collide with water molecules, potassium propionate molecules form a three-dimensional net in the solution, SiO2 and TiO2 particles are adhered and filled in the net, and SiO2 and TiO2 particles expand the vibration transmission range and efficiency through the net when vibrating, so that the potassium propionate solution is beneficial to transmitting molecular potential energy of SiO2 and TiO2, the heat is rapidly transmitted to the liquid surface in time to avoid the surface from being cooled too fast due to evaporation, the temperature difference between the evaporation surface and the heated part of the liquid is reduced, the kinetic energy of water molecules on the liquid surface can be ensured by maintaining the temperature of the liquid surface, and the evaporation of water is accelerated; the potassium propionate network adsorbs odor ions in water to prevent odor generated by diffusing into the air; the kinetic energy of water molecules separated by collision of titanium dioxide and calcium propionate is large, and the water molecules are not easy to collide with molecules in the air and rebound back to liquid, so that the evaporation of water is accelerated. When the liquid is evaporated by spraying the liquid into hot air, compared with liquid drops, because the calcium propionate and the potassium cinnamate can accelerate vaporization and the structures of the calcium propionate-water molecules and the TiO 2-water molecules are easy to separate, vaporization is carried out simultaneously from the inside and the outside of the liquid drops, TiO2, the potassium cinnamate and the calcium propionate molecules are used as cores to burst into smaller liquid drops, and the number of the liquid drops increases in a geometric multiple mode until the liquid drops are completely evaporated, so that the volume of the liquid drops can be increased in production, namely, the spraying amount and the spraying speed are increased, and the production efficiency is improved; the atomization rate is reduced, thereby reducing the equipment investment.
Potassium propionate, calcium propionate, potassium cinnamate, by reducing the water-water interaction, reduces the energy required to evaporate water molecules, speeding up the evaporation rate. In the final stage of evaporation, water is evaporated soon, and the solid is more than the liquid, so that scaling and agglomeration are easy to occur, and solid particles are easy to blow off, thereby causing dust pollution. The calcium propionate and the potassium cinnamate can reduce scaling and caking after evaporation, avoid hard scale and hard block formation, and easily strip and remove crystals of various salts. In the process of evaporating the wastewater treatment agent, calcium propionate is firstly separated out, and a water-permeable isolation layer is formed on the surface of a solid, so that solid powder is prevented from being blown away. Therefore, the wastewater treatment agent provided by the invention can reduce the energy consumed by evaporating water, save energy consumption, improve evaporation rate and avoid dust pollution.
The treatment method provided by the invention is suitable for coal-fired furnaces in various industries, and the wastewater treatment agent provided by the invention is suitable for water evaporation in various industries and has wide application prospect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by inhibiting the generation of hydrogen chloride and NOx, the transmission distance of pollutants such as salt, alkali, oxide and the like is reduced, and the scaling and corrosion are limited.
2. The evaporation speed of the waste water is high, the evaporation rate is improved, the energy required for evaporating water molecules is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced. The waste water is completely recycled and combusted, no waste water pollution is generated at all, and zero emission is realized.
3. The waste gas is treated by three treatment processes, so that the safety coefficient is high, the waste gas is prevented from being leaked or incompletely treated, the waste gas is completely treated, and no odor pollution is caused.
4. Energy saving, the fuel comprehensive utilization is high: the air is heated by utilizing the heat of the waste gas, and the waste gas and the steam are evaporated by the hot air stripping process without new energy consumption. Eliminating coking, utilizing water gas and waste heat for reuse, high heat efficiency and saving fuel.
5. An adjusting tank is not needed, so that the investment is less, the process is simple, and the operation reliability and stability are high;
drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for treating waste water and gas in the power industry according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for treating wastewater using power plant exhaust gases according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of another method for treating waste water by using waste gas from a power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating waste water and gas in the power industry (recycling the waste gas from step S2 for combustion) according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating wastewater by using exhaust gas from a power plant according to the present invention (the exhaust gas from step S2 is recycled for combustion);
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of another method for treating waste water by using exhaust gas from a power plant according to the present invention (the exhaust gas from step S2 is recycled for combustion);
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion;
s4: performing solid-liquid separation on the wastewater treated in the step S3, and recycling the separated wastewater in the step S2;
the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-40 parts of potassium propionate, 10-50 parts of calcium propionate and 7-30 parts of potassium cinnamate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting the wastewater is 230 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1%) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: potassium propionate 22, calcium propionate 42, potassium cinnamate 26. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 47 percent.
Example 2
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction and the like are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents to promote the suspended matters in water to be rapidly and completely precipitated, and a wastewater treatment agent is added into the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: performing solid-liquid separation on the wastewater treated in the step S3, and recycling the separated wastewater in the step S2;
the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting the wastewater is 230 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1%) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of ferric sulfate, 10 parts of potassium propionate, 30 parts of calcium propionate and 20 parts of potassium cinnamate. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is reduced by 63 percent.
Example 3
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas can remove Ca2+ in the solution (wastewater), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration of the solution, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or meets the wastewater recycling requirement; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: the wastewater treated in step S3 is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the separated wastewater is reused in step S2.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of titanium dioxide, 40 parts of silicon dioxide, 17 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of ferric sulfate, 20 parts of potassium propionate, 15 parts of calcium propionate and 10 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 4
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas can remove Ca2+ in the solution (wastewater), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration of the solution, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or meets the wastewater recycling requirement; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas, and denitrating the exhaust gas; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: the wastewater treated in step S3 is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the separated wastewater is reused in step S2.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of ferric sulfate, 35 parts of potassium propionate, 40 parts of calcium propionate and 10 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 5
A treatment system for waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises a waste gas condensation system, a hot air stripping system and a waste gas recycling system; the waste gas condensing system is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion furnace, high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through the heat exchange component, water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like in the waste gas are condensed and aggregated and reacted with fly ash to aggregate into solid, the solid is removed from the waste gas, and the solid waste is discharged from the discharge port of the heat exchange component;
the condensed waste gas enters lime water to generate precipitate and waste water, and residual smoke dust, heavy metal, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant are removed by the precipitate; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas removes Ca2+ in the solution (waste water), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the waste gas by lime water, and denitrating the waste gas; the waste water is treated by hot air stripping process, and clean waste gas is discharged; the air after heat exchange enters a contactor air inlet of a hot air stripping system;
an air inlet of a contactor of the hot air stripping system is connected to a hot air outlet of a heat exchange part of the waste gas condensing system, and the hot air is used for stripping the waste water; adding a wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater, closing a feed inlet, and blowing off the wastewater in a closed environment; blowing-off waste gas and steam generated after blowing-off enter a waste gas recycling system; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation; discharging the precipitate from a discharge port of the contactor;
the waste gas recycling system is connected to a contactor waste gas outlet of the hot air stripping system, stripping waste gas, air and steam are introduced into the combustion furnace for secondary combustion, and waste gas generated by combustion enters the waste gas condensation system.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises: one or more of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, potassium propionate, calcium propionate and potassium cinnamate. The addition amount is 400g per ton of water.
Example 6
A treatment system for waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises a waste gas condensation system, a hot air stripping system and a waste gas recycling system; the waste gas condensing system is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion furnace, high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through the heat exchange component, water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like in the waste gas are condensed and aggregated and reacted with fly ash to aggregate into solid, the solid is removed from the waste gas, and the solid waste is discharged from the discharge port of the heat exchange component;
the condensed waste gas enters lime water to generate precipitate and waste water, and residual smoke dust, heavy metal, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant are removed by the precipitate; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas removes Ca2+ in the solution (waste water), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the waste gas by lime water, and denitrating the waste gas; the waste water is treated by hot air stripping process, and clean waste gas is discharged; the air after heat exchange enters a contactor air inlet of a hot air stripping system;
an air inlet of a contactor of the hot air stripping system is connected to a hot air outlet of a heat exchange part of the waste gas condensing system, and the hot air is used for stripping the waste water; adding a wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater, closing a feed inlet, and blowing off the wastewater in a closed environment; blowing-off waste gas and steam generated after blowing-off enter a waste gas recycling system; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation; continuously blowing off until the water is evaporated, completely drying the precipitate in the water, and discharging the precipitate from a discharge hole of the contactor;
the waste gas recycling system is connected to a contactor waste gas outlet of the hot air stripping system, stripping waste gas, air and steam are introduced into the combustion furnace for secondary combustion, and waste gas generated by combustion enters the waste gas condensing system; .
The waste gas recycling system is connected to a contactor waste gas outlet of the hot air stripping system, stripping waste gas, air and steam are introduced into the combustion furnace for secondary combustion, and waste gas generated by combustion enters the waste gas condensation system.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium propionate, 25 parts of calcium propionate and 17 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 7
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant by precipitation, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-40 parts of potassium propionate, 8-50 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting the wastewater is 340 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1 percent) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of ferric sulfate, 18 parts of potassium propionate, 42 parts of calcium propionate and 23 parts of potassium cinnamate. Compared with the method without using the evaporant (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 64 percent.
Example 8
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant by precipitation, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: calcium propionate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 180 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1%) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent is adopted in the test 1, the wastewater treatment agent is not adopted in the test 2, other conditions are unchanged, and when the wastewater treatment agent with the following proportion is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: calcium propionate; the addition amount is 600g per ton of water. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 11 percent.
Example 9
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant by precipitation, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: and (3) potassium propionate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 200 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1 percent) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: potassium propionate; the addition amount is 1600g per ton of water. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 13 percent.
Example 10
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant by precipitation, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: and (3) potassium cinnamate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 200 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1 percent) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: potassium cinnamate; the addition was 2100g per ton of water. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 14 percent.
Example 11
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant by precipitation, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: iron sulfate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 200 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1 percent) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: ferric sulfate; the addition amount is 2500g per ton of water. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 15 percent.
Example 12
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant by precipitation, and adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-40 parts of potassium propionate, 8-50 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 430 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1%) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of potassium propionate, 32 parts of calcium propionate and 20 parts of potassium cinnamate. Compared with the method without using an evaporant (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 55 percent.
Example 13
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas can remove Ca2+ in the solution (wastewater), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration of the solution, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or meets the wastewater recycling requirement; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-100 parts of silicon dioxide and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 200 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1 percent) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 74, silicon dioxide 92, potassium cinnamate 24. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 67 percent.
Example 14
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas can remove Ca2+ in the solution (wastewater), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration of the solution, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or meets the wastewater recycling requirement; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-120 parts of titanium dioxide and 50-220 parts of silicon dioxide.
In the specific test, a comparison test is carried out aiming at the evaporation effect of the treating agent, according to the process method, 300L of wastewater is treated, a 5-ton coal-fired boiler is used, the air volume of an air blower is 10000M3/h, the air volume of an induced draft fan is 15000M3/h, the temperature of hot air contacting with the wastewater is 200 ℃, and the time required by the completion of the evaporation of the wastewater (until the solid water content is 1 percent) is recorded. The wastewater treatment agent was used in test 1, the wastewater treatment agent was not used in test 2, and the other conditions were not changed. When the wastewater treatment agent with the following mixture ratio is adopted, the wastewater treatment agent consists of the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 74, silicon dioxide 92. Compared with the method without using an evaporating agent (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 40 percent.
Example 15
A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas can remove Ca2+ in the solution (wastewater), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration of the solution, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or meets the wastewater recycling requirement; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas, and denitrating the exhaust gas; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: and continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated (all water vapor is recycled for burning again), and removing precipitates in the water after drying.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
One preferred use amount is: according to the parts by weight: 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of ferric sulfate, 8 parts of potassium propionate, 12 parts of calcium propionate and 18 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 16
A method for treating waste water by using waste gas of a power plant comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: lime is added into the wastewater, and after reaction, precipitation is generated to remove most heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the wastewater of the power plant;
s3: introducing the waste gas treated in the step S1 into the waste water treated in the step S2 to generate new precipitates, wherein the waste gas is used for secondary combustion; precipitating to remove residual smoke dust in the waste gas of the power plant; the CO2 in the waste gas can be used for removing Ca2+ in the solution (waste water) and adjusting the content of CaSO4 to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the waste gas generate more insoluble carbonate, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like, and are easier to completely remove; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s4: and adding a wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater generated in the step S3, blowing off the wastewater generated in the step S3 by using hot air generated in the step S1 to generate new precipitates, reusing the wastewater generated by blowing off and steam for combustion, continuously blowing off until water is evaporated (all the steam is reused for secondary combustion), and drying and removing the precipitates in the water.
The wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-100 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
One preferred use amount is: according to the parts by weight: 50 parts of titanium dioxide, 100 parts of silicon dioxide, 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 16 parts of ferric sulfate, 12 parts of potassium propionate, 25 parts of calcium propionate and 14 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 17
A method for treating waste water by using waste gas of a power plant comprises the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchange part to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and the like in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride, the nitrate and the like with the fly ash to form solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: lime is added into the wastewater, and after reaction, precipitation is generated to remove most heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the wastewater of the power plant;
s3: introducing the waste gas treated in the step S1 into the waste water treated in the step S2 to generate new precipitates, wherein the waste gas is used for secondary combustion; precipitating to remove residual smoke dust in the waste gas of the power plant; the CO2 in the waste gas can be used for removing Ca2+ in the solution (waste water) and adjusting the content of CaSO4 to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the waste gas generate more insoluble carbonate, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like, and are easier to completely remove; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas, and denitrating the exhaust gas; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s4: and adding a wastewater treatment agent into the wastewater generated in the step S3, blowing off the wastewater generated in the step S3 by using hot air generated in the step S1 to generate new precipitates, reusing the wastewater generated by blowing off and steam for combustion, continuously blowing off until water is evaporated (all the steam is reused for secondary combustion), and drying and removing the precipitates in the water.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-70 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-90 parts of silicon dioxide and 5-35 parts of calcium propionate.
One preferred use amount is: according to the parts by weight: titanium dioxide 50, silicon dioxide 45 and calcium propionate 30.
Example 18
A system for treating waste water by using waste gas of a power plant comprises a waste gas condensing system, a hot air stripping system and a waste gas recycling system; adding lime into the wastewater to be treated;
the waste gas condensing system is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion furnace, high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through the heat exchange component, water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like in the waste gas are condensed and aggregated and reacted with fly ash to aggregate into solid, the solid is removed from the waste gas, and the solid waste is discharged from the discharge port of the heat exchange component;
introducing the condensed waste gas into the desulfurization waste water added with lime to generate precipitate, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metal, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas by the precipitate; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas removes Ca2+ in the solution (waste water), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the waste gas by lime water, and denitrating the waste gas; the waste water is treated by hot air stripping process, and the waste gas is discharged cleanly; the air after heat exchange enters a contactor air inlet of a hot air stripping system;
an air inlet of a contactor of the hot air stripping system is connected to a hot air outlet of a heat exchange component of the waste gas condensation system, a waste water treating agent is added into waste water, and the contactor is sealed to strip the waste water by utilizing hot air; blowing-off waste gas, air and water vapor generated after blowing-off enter a waste gas recycling system from a gas outlet of the contactor; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the calcium sulfite to generate calcium sulfate, and accelerates the precipitation until the precipitation is dry; opening the contactor, and discharging the solid dried substance from the discharge hole;
the waste gas recycling system is connected to a waste gas outlet of a contactor of the hot air stripping system, stripping waste gas, air and steam are introduced into the combustion furnace for secondary combustion, and waste gas generated by combustion enters a heat exchange assembly of the waste gas condensation system.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is as follows by weight: 20-120 parts of titanium dioxide, 30-150 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-30 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate and 10-40 parts of calcium propionate.
One preferred use amount is: according to the parts by weight: 32 parts of titanium dioxide, 120 parts of silicon dioxide, 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of ferric sulfate, 13 parts of potassium propionate and 17 parts of calcium propionate.
Example 19
A system for treating waste water by using waste gas of a power plant comprises a waste gas condensing system, a hot air stripping system and a waste gas recycling system; adding lime into the wastewater to be treated;
the waste gas condensing system is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion furnace, high-temperature waste gas is condensed by air through the heat exchange component, water vapor, sulfide, sulfur oxides, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates and the like in the waste gas are condensed and aggregated and reacted with fly ash to aggregate into solid, the solid is removed from the waste gas, and the solid waste is discharged from the discharge port of the heat exchange component;
introducing the condensed waste gas into the desulfurization waste water added with lime to generate precipitate, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metal, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas by the precipitate; meanwhile, CO2 in the waste gas removes Ca2+ in the solution (waste water), and the content of CaSO4 is adjusted to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the waste water discharge reaches the standard or meets the waste water recycling; CO2 and heavy metal ions in the exhaust gas generate more insoluble carbonate precipitates, such as lead carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like; al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 and CaO in the fly ash are utilized to generate flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, SiO2 and TiO2 in the fly ash and lead carbonate produced by reaction are used as condensation nuclei and weighting agents, and suspended matters in water are promoted to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the waste gas by lime water, and denitrating the waste gas; the waste water is treated by hot air stripping process, and the waste gas is discharged cleanly; the air after heat exchange enters a contactor air inlet of a hot air stripping system;
an air inlet of a contactor of the hot air stripping system is connected to a hot air outlet of a heat exchange component of the waste gas condensation system, a waste water treating agent is added into waste water, and the contactor is sealed to strip the waste water by utilizing hot air; blowing-off waste gas, air and water vapor generated after blowing-off enter a waste gas recycling system from a gas outlet of the contactor; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter the hearth; the hot air accelerates the calcium sulfite to generate calcium sulfate, and accelerates the precipitation until the precipitation is dry; opening the contactor, and discharging the solid dried substance from the discharge hole;
the waste gas recycling system is connected to a waste gas outlet of a contactor of the hot air stripping system, stripping waste gas, air and steam are introduced into the combustion furnace for secondary combustion, and waste gas generated by combustion enters a heat exchange assembly of the waste gas condensation system.
The optimized proportion of the wastewater treatment agent is that the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
One preferred use amount is that the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of ferrous sulfate, 6 parts of ferric sulfate, 8 parts of potassium propionate, 20 parts of calcium propionate and 7 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 20
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 73, silicon dioxide 150.
Example 21
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 97, silicon dioxide 70.
Example 22
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 48, silicon dioxide 195.
Example 23
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 55, silicon dioxide 62, potassium propionate 17. Is suitable for wastewater with high heavy metal content.
Example 24
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 70, silicon dioxide 30 and potassium propionate 20. Is suitable for wastewater with high heavy metal content.
Example 25
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 35, silicon dioxide 85 and potassium propionate 8. Is suitable for wastewater with high heavy metal content.
Example 26
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 25, silicon dioxide 37 and calcium propionate 31.
Example 27
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 50, silicon dioxide 82, calcium propionate 7.
Example 28
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 46, silicon dioxide 75, calcium propionate 22.
Example 29
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 35, silicon dioxide 85, ferric sulfate 6 and potassium propionate 28.
Example 30
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 105, silicon dioxide 50, ferric sulfate 18 and potassium propionate 9.
Example 31
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 67, silicon dioxide 84, ferric sulfate 5 and potassium propionate 14.
Example 32
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 27, silicon dioxide 33, ferrous sulfate 7, ferric sulfate 10 and calcium propionate 15. Is suitable for waste water with high COD.
Example 33
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 50, silicon dioxide 60, ferrous sulfate 20, ferric sulfate 17 and calcium propionate 36. Is suitable for waste water with high COD.
Example 34
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 45, silicon dioxide 38, ferrous sulfate 17, ferric sulfate 17 and calcium propionate 24. Is suitable for waste water with high COD.
Example 35
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 34, silicon dioxide 45, ferrous sulfate 20, ferric sulfate 5, potassium propionate 25, calcium propionate 36.
Example 36
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 115, silicon dioxide 145, ferrous sulfate 8, ferric sulfate 18, potassium propionate 7 and calcium propionate 15.
Example 37
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 62, silicon dioxide 88, ferrous sulfate 18, ferric sulfate 16, potassium propionate 17, calcium propionate 26.
Example 38
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 44, silicon dioxide 50, ferrous sulfate 14, ferric sulfate 7, potassium propionate 15 and potassium cinnamate 8. Is suitable for wastewater with high phosphorus content.
Example 39
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 138, silicon dioxide 130, ferrous sulfate 25, ferric sulfate 20, potassium propionate 37, potassium cinnamate 32. Is suitable for wastewater with high phosphorus content.
Example 40
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 95, silicon dioxide 84, ferrous sulfate 24, ferric sulfate 16, potassium propionate 24 and potassium cinnamate 22. Is suitable for wastewater with high phosphorus content.
EXAMPLE 41
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of silicon dioxide, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 7 parts of ferric sulfate, 5 parts of potassium propionate, 30 parts of calcium propionate and 14 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high content of refractory organic matters.
Example 42
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: silicon dioxide 190, ferrous sulfate 25, ferric sulfate 18, potassium propionate 30, calcium propionate 8 and potassium cinnamate 34. Is suitable for wastewater with high content of refractory organic matters.
Example 43
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: silicon dioxide 130, ferrous sulfate 18, ferric sulfate 13, potassium propionate 20, calcium propionate 23, potassium cinnamate 22. Is suitable for wastewater with high content of refractory organic matters.
Example 44
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 7, ferric sulfate 5, potassium propionate 25, calcium propionate 31 and potassium cinnamate 6.
Example 45
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 17, ferric sulfate 18, potassium propionate 8, calcium propionate 9 and potassium cinnamate 24.
Example 46
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: ferrous sulfate 12, ferric sulfate 11, potassium propionate 18, calcium propionate 22 and potassium cinnamate 15.
Example 47
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13 parts of ferric sulfate, 7 parts of potassium propionate, 30 parts of calcium propionate and 7 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high saline-alkali content.
Example 48
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of ferric sulfate, 35 parts of potassium propionate, 10 parts of calcium propionate and 20 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high saline-alkali content.
Example 49
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of ferric sulfate, 24 parts of potassium propionate, 30 parts of calcium propionate and 15 parts of potassium cinnamate. Is suitable for wastewater with high saline-alkali content.
Example 50
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: potassium propionate 20, calcium propionate 40, potassium cinnamate 25.
Example 51
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of potassium propionate, 15 parts of calcium propionate and 10 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 52
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: potassium propionate 27, calcium propionate 30, potassium cinnamate 19.
Example 53
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: titanium dioxide 75, silicon dioxide 95, ferrous sulfate 18, ferric sulfate 15, potassium propionate 25, calcium propionate 30 and potassium cinnamate 10.
Example 54
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of titanium dioxide, 25 parts of silicon dioxide, 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of ferric sulfate, 8 parts of potassium propionate, 9 parts of calcium propionate and 23 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Example 55
A wastewater treatment agent for the power industry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of titanium dioxide, 80 parts of silicon dioxide, 14 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of ferric sulfate, 17 parts of potassium propionate, 20 parts of calcium propionate and 15 parts of potassium cinnamate.
Effect test 1:
the technical scheme of the embodiment 7 of the application is adopted to comprehensively treat the waste gas and the waste water of a coal-fired boiler. The current situation of coal-fired boilers: coking 3.2-5.9 cm inside the hearth, average thickness 4.63 cm, and a coal ash layer in the smoke exhaust pipeline. The pollutants of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber are detected as follows:
combustion exhaust gas:
TABLE 1
The emissions are slightly different due to differences in the coal firing sites.
The scheme provided by the application is adopted for transformation. Cooling the waste gas by air through a heat exchange component, and collecting part of dust in the waste gas into a whole to be removed periodically; and introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water to generate precipitate to remove residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant, absorbing soluble gas and acid gas in the waste gas, and treating the waste gas with the lime water to reach the discharge standard. Blowing off the waste water generated in the previous step by using hot air, adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water, and enabling the waste water and steam generated by blowing off to enter a combustion chamber for combustion again; the air stripping reaction separates out more solids, the air stripping is continuously carried out until the water is evaporated, the water vapor is completely recycled for burning again, a thin bright and clean isolation layer is generated on the surface layer of the sediment in the water, the dry solids can be prevented from being blown away, and dry gypsum is arranged below the isolation layer and used for the cement industry.
After the scheme is adopted, pollutants in the waste gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber are checked,
combustion exhaust gas:
TABLE 2
The contents of SO2, SO3, Cl (HCl), F (HF) and NOx are all reduced, which shows that the method can inhibit the generation of the pollutants; the lime water can be completely converted into salt by a lime water absorption process, and water is evaporated and completely removed in a solid form after air stripping treatment.
SO2、SO3The reduction is because the reducing gas inhibits the oxidation of S, and part of S is removed in the form of elemental S in the off-gas temperature reduction process.
The dust concentration increases because of coking and pulverized coal breaking up into smaller particles that are discharged with the exhaust gas. The waste gas enters lime water to adsorb all the dust into the water, the dust is precipitated after reaction, and the dust is completely collected in a solid form for the cement industry after being blown off and evaporated.
After running for 2 weeks, the coking thickness in the furnace is only 0.6-1.6 cm, and the average thickness is 0.72 cm.
CaSO4 produced in the process does not form hard scale and is easy to collect, and CaCO3 produced is not scaled and is mixed with CaSO4 for removal without acid washing. Therefore, the process has a self-cleaning function. And (4) zero discharge of wastewater.
The process carries out heat recovery by heating air with waste gas, generates water gas from waste water, more thoroughly crushes coal powder (improves the combustion rate), removes coking (improves the heat exchange efficiency), and can save fuel. The waste water is evaporated quickly, and the energy consumption of waste water evaporation is reduced. Compared with the coal burning amount before and after the process is used, the coal can be saved by more than 20 percent.
The experiment also carried out a comparative test of the wastewater treatment agent, and the evaporation time consumed by using the wastewater treatment agent and the evaporation time consumed by not using the wastewater treatment agent are recorded (other conditions are completely the same). With the wastewater treatment agent provided in example 7, the evaporation process time was reduced by 64% compared to no evaporant (otherwise unchanged).
Effect test 2:
adopt this application to handle desulfurization waste water with coal fired boiler's waste gas. The current situation of coal-fired boilers: coking 3.7-6.5 cm inside the hearth, average thickness 5.2 cm, and a soot layer in the smoke exhaust pipeline. The pollutants of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber are detected as follows:
combustion exhaust gas:
TABLE 3
The emissions are slightly different due to differences in the coal firing sites.
And (3) desulfurization wastewater quality:
| index of water quality | mg/l | Index of water quality | mg/l |
| CaCO3 | 1106 | SO4 2- | 17521 |
| CaSO4·2H2O | 3620 | Cl- | 17355 |
| MgCO3 | 358 | Ca2+ | 4257 |
| CaF2 | 131 | Mg2+ | 5634 |
| MgF2 | 87 | Si | 253 |
| TSS | 14518 | F- | 187 |
| TDS | 54413 | NO3- | 575 |
| As | 2.6 | Cd | 4.6 |
| Co | 1.7 | Cu | 24 |
| Fe | 53 | Hg | 3.7 |
| Pb | 8 | Mn | 24 |
| Ni | 2 | Zn | 26 |
TABLE 4
Adopt the scheme that provides with waste gas treatment waste water to reform transform. The exhaust gas is cooled by air through a heat exchange member, and part of dust in the exhaust gas is collected and removed periodically. Lime is added into the waste water, then the cooled waste gas is introduced into the waste water to generate precipitate to remove residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant, soluble gases and acid gases in the waste gas are absorbed, and the waste gas reaches the emission standard after being treated by lime water. Blowing off the waste water generated in the previous step by using hot air, adding a waste water treatment agent into the waste water, and enabling the waste water and steam generated by blowing off to enter a combustion chamber for combustion again; the air stripping reaction separates out more solids, the air stripping is continuously carried out until the water is evaporated, the water vapor is completely recycled for burning again, a thin bright and clean isolation layer is generated on the surface layer of the sediment in the water, the dry solids can be prevented from being blown away, and dry gypsum is arranged below the isolation layer and used for the cement industry.
After the scheme is adopted, pollutants in the waste gas at the outlet of the combustion chamber are checked,
combustion exhaust gas:
TABLE 5
The waste water is totally recycled for combustion, and pollutants in the waste water are totally removed in a solid form. And (4) zero discharge of wastewater.
The contents of SO2, SO3, Cl (HCl), F (HF) and NOx are all reduced, which shows that the method can inhibit the generation of the pollutants; the lime water can be completely converted into salt by a lime water absorption process, and water is evaporated and completely removed in a solid form after air stripping treatment.
The reduction of SO2 and SO3 is caused by the fact that the reducing gas inhibits the oxidation of S, and part of S is removed in the form of elemental S in the waste gas temperature reduction process.
The dust concentration increases because of coking and pulverized coal breaking up into smaller particles that are discharged with the exhaust gas. The waste gas enters lime water to adsorb all the dust into the water, the dust is precipitated after reaction, and the dust is completely collected in a solid form for the cement industry after being blown off and evaporated.
After running for 2 weeks, the coking thickness in the furnace is only 0.6-1.5 cm, and the average thickness is 0.65 cm.
CaSO4 produced in the process does not form hard scale and is easy to collect, and CaCO3 produced is not scaled and is mixed with CaSO4 for removal without acid washing. Therefore, the process has a self-cleaning function.
The process carries out heat recovery by heating air with waste gas, generates water gas from waste water, more thoroughly crushes coal powder (improves the combustion rate), removes coking (improves the heat exchange efficiency), and can save fuel. The waste water is evaporated quickly, and the energy consumption of waste water evaporation is reduced. Compared with the coal burning amount before and after the process is used, the coal can be saved by more than 23%.
The experiment also carried out a comparative test of the wastewater treatment agent, and the evaporation time consumed by using the wastewater treatment agent and the evaporation time consumed by not using the wastewater treatment agent are recorded (other conditions are completely the same). The adopted wastewater treatment agent is as follows: 15 parts of titanium dioxide, 50 parts of silicon dioxide, 17 parts of ferric sulfate and 13 parts of potassium propionate. Compared with the method without using an evaporant (other conditions are unchanged), the evaporation process time is shortened by 55 percent.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchanger, and high-temperature waste gas is suddenly cooled to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride and nitrate in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride and the nitrate in the waste gas to form a solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; with CO in the exhaust gas2Can remove Ca2+ in the wastewater and adjust the content of CaSO4 to be far less than the saturated concentration, so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard and accords with the wastewater reuse; CO in exhaust gas2And heavy metal ions to form a more insoluble carbonate precipitate; utilizing Al in fly ash2O3、FeO、Fe2O3CaO generates flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, and SiO in the fly ash2、TiO2Lead carbonate produced by the reaction is used as a condensation nucleus and a weighting agent to promote the suspended matters in water to be rapidly and completely precipitated; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives the water vapor into a burning hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: performing solid-liquid separation on the wastewater treated in the step S3, and recycling the separated wastewater in the step S2;
the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of titanium dioxide, 40 parts of silicon dioxide, 17 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of ferric sulfate, 20 parts of potassium propionate, 15 parts of calcium propionate and 10 parts of potassium cinnamate.
2. A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchanger, and high-temperature waste gas is suddenly cooled to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride and nitrate in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride and the nitrate in the waste gas to form a solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: introducing the waste gas cooled in the step S1 into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; with CO in the exhaust gas2Can remove Ca in wastewater2Regulating CaSO4The content of (A) is far less than the saturated concentration of (B), so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard and accords with the wastewater reuse; CO in exhaust gas2And heavy metal ions to form a more insoluble carbonate precipitate; utilizing Al in fly ash2O3、FeO、Fe2O3CaO generates flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, and SiO in the fly ash2、TiO2Lead carbonate produced by the reaction is used as a condensation nucleus and a weighting agent to promote the suspended matters in water to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas, and denitrating the exhaust gas; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives the water vapor into a burning hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: performing solid-liquid separation on the wastewater treated in the step S3, and recycling the separated wastewater in the step S2;
the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-120 parts of titanium dioxide, 30-150 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-30 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate and 10-40 parts of calcium propionate.
3. A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchanger, and high-temperature waste gas is suddenly cooled to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride and nitrate in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride and the nitrate in the waste gas to form a solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; with CO in the exhaust gas2Can remove Ca in wastewater2Regulating CaSO4The content of (A) is far less than the saturated concentration of (B), so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard and accords with the wastewater reuse; CO in exhaust gas2And heavy metal ions to form a more insoluble carbonate precipitate; utilizing Al in fly ash2O3、FeO、Fe2O3CaO generates flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, and SiO in the fly ash2、TiO2Lead carbonate produced by the reaction is used as a condensation nucleus and a weighting agent to promote the suspended matters in water to be rapidly and completely precipitated; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter a burning hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated, completely recycling the water vapor for combustion again, and removing the precipitate in the water after drying;
the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of titanium dioxide, 20-100 parts of silicon dioxide, 5-20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-20 parts of ferric sulfate, 5-30 parts of potassium propionate, 5-35 parts of calcium propionate and 5-25 parts of potassium cinnamate.
4. A method for treating waste water and waste gas in the power industry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: waste gas generated by combustion firstly exchanges heat with air through a heat exchanger, and high-temperature waste gas is suddenly cooled to obtain cooled waste gas and hot air;
condensing and aggregating water vapor, sulfide, oxysulfide, chloride, fluoride and nitrate in the waste gas and reacting and aggregating the water vapor, the sulfide, the oxysulfide, the chloride, the fluoride and the nitrate in the waste gas to form a solid, and removing the solid from the waste gas;
s2: s1, introducing the cooled waste gas into lime water, generating precipitate and waste water after reaction, and removing residual smoke dust, heavy metals, Mg2+, F-and sulfate radicals in the waste gas of the power plant through precipitation; with CO in the exhaust gas2Can remove Ca in wastewater2Regulating CaSO4The content of (A) is far less than the saturated concentration of (B), so that the wastewater discharge reaches the standard or accords with the wastewater reuse; CO in exhaust gas2And heavy metal ions to form a more insoluble carbonate precipitate; utilizing Al in fly ash2O3、FeO、Fe2O3CaO generates flocculation of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ferric hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide, and SiO in the fly ash2、TiO2Lead carbonate produced by the reaction is used as a condensation nucleus and a weighting agent to promote the suspended matters in water to be rapidly and completely precipitated; absorbing NOx in the exhaust gas, and denitrating the exhaust gas; adding a wastewater treatment agent to the wastewater;
s3: blowing off the waste water generated in the step S2 with the hot air generated in the step S1, and reusing the waste water and steam generated by blowing off for combustion; the hot air drives more water vapor to enter a burning hearth; the hot air accelerates the generation of calcium sulfate from calcium sulfite and the precipitation;
s4: continuously blowing off by adopting the method of S3 until the water is evaporated, completely recycling the water vapor for combustion again, and removing the precipitate in the water after drying;
the wastewater treatment agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of titanium dioxide, 100 parts of silicon dioxide, 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 16 parts of ferric sulfate, 12 parts of potassium propionate, 25 parts of calcium propionate and 14 parts of potassium cinnamate.
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