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CN107946672B - Linear lithium battery charging management method and device - Google Patents

Linear lithium battery charging management method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107946672B
CN107946672B CN201711248700.2A CN201711248700A CN107946672B CN 107946672 B CN107946672 B CN 107946672B CN 201711248700 A CN201711248700 A CN 201711248700A CN 107946672 B CN107946672 B CN 107946672B
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charging
battery
voltage
current
duty ratio
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CN107946672A (en
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朱锰炬
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Shenzhen Simsukian Electronics Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Simsukian Electronics Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285Testing apparatus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies and discloses a linear lithium battery charging management method and a device. Meanwhile, the battery is prevented from being charged when power is supplied to the load by combining the load condition, and the power requirement of the power supply is effectively reduced.

Description

Linear lithium battery charging management method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to a linear lithium battery charging management method and device.
Background
In the prior art, in order to increase reliability, a battery charging module is mostly added to the electric equipment, and the purpose is to charge and store energy to a rechargeable battery through commercial power when the commercial power is powered, and supply power to the electric equipment by using the battery as a power supply when the commercial power is not powered, and the current-limiting charging and discharging of the battery are involved. The battery charging module in the prior art has a slow charging speed, can not well control the current during charging, and seriously reduces the service life of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a linear lithium battery charging management method and device, and solves the technical problems that a battery charging module in the prior art is low in charging speed, cannot well control the magnitude of current during charging, and seriously prolongs the service life of a battery.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a linear lithium battery charging management method comprises the following steps:
detecting a battery voltage;
when the battery voltage is judged to be greater than the battery discharge cut-off voltage and less than the battery charge cut-off voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery according to the magnitude of the battery voltage; detecting feedback voltage of constant-current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold;
stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to a charging voltage; when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length;
when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging; when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging.
A linear lithium battery charging management device, comprising:
the first detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery; the first charging module is used for carrying out constant-current charging on the battery according to the voltage of the battery when the voltage of the battery is judged to be greater than the discharging cut-off voltage of the battery and smaller than the charging cut-off voltage of the battery;
the second detection module is used for detecting the feedback voltage of constant-current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold value;
the second charging module is used for stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage; when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging; when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging.
The invention provides a linear lithium battery charging management method and a device, which are characterized in that the voltage of a battery is detected; when the battery voltage is judged to be greater than the battery discharge cut-off voltage and less than the battery charge cut-off voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery according to the magnitude of the battery voltage; detecting feedback voltage of constant-current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold; stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to a charging voltage; when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging; when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging. The invention controls the current-limiting charging of the battery by stages, thereby ensuring the quick charging of the battery, limiting the charging current and effectively prolonging the service life of the battery. Meanwhile, the battery is prevented from being charged when power is supplied to the load by combining the load condition, and the power requirement of the power supply is effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for managing charging of a linear lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear lithium battery charging management device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for managing charging of a linear lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes steps 101, detecting a battery voltage;
102, when the battery voltage is judged to be greater than the battery discharge cut-off voltage and smaller than the battery charge cut-off voltage, carrying out constant current charging on the battery according to the magnitude of the battery voltage;
after the step 101, when it is determined that the battery voltage is smaller than the battery discharge cut-off voltage or larger than the battery charge cut-off voltage, setting the current PWM duty ratio of the current-limiting charging of the battery to the maximum duty ratio to stop the charging.
Step 102 may further specifically include:
102-1, when the battery voltage is judged to be greater than the battery discharge cut-off voltage and smaller than the second battery discharge cut-off voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery by adopting a first charging current, wherein the second battery discharge cut-off voltage is 0.25 times of the battery discharge cut-off voltage;
the battery charging is divided into two stages, the boundary voltage is respectively the battery discharging cut-off voltage, namely the battery charging boundary 1 is the battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _1, the battery charging boundary 2 obtained by calculating the golden section ratio is the second battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _2, the battery charging cut-off voltage is the battery charging cut-off voltage V _ BT _3, namely the battery charging boundary 3, and the battery charging is finished by respectively using the maximum current which can be reached, namely the first charging current and the second charging current due to the limitation of the load.
And 102-2, when the battery voltage is greater than the discharge cut-off voltage of the second battery and less than the charge cut-off voltage of the battery, performing constant current charging on the battery by adopting a second charging current according to the voltage of the battery.
103, detecting a feedback voltage of constant current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold;
wherein the parallel branching of step 103 comprises: when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold value, judging whether the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage of the load driving module divided by the charging voltage plus the load input is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage of the load driving module divided by the charging voltage plus the load input; and when the judgment result is negative, charging according to the maximum duty ratio so as to stop charging.
104, stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage;
105, when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging;
step 106, when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging.
On one hand, the invention controls the large current charging by collecting the change of the charging current, and when the charging current of the battery is overlarge, the duty ratio of the control waveform of the current-limiting charging of the battery is properly increased because the battery charging is effective at the low level of the control waveform of the current-limiting charging of the battery. Because the battery is probably prohibited to be charged when the control waveform of the current-limiting charging of the battery is in a low level, the charging current for charging the battery is reduced under the condition of not changing the duty ratio of the control waveform of the current-limiting charging of the battery; if there is room for changing the duty ratio of the control waveform for the current limiting charging of the battery (i.e., if the high-level ratio of the control waveform for the current limiting charging of the battery is appropriate), the charging current of the battery is increased by decreasing the duty ratio of the control waveform for the current limiting charging of the battery. The invention ensures that the charging current of the battery is in a normal control range, and the purpose of rapid current reduction is achieved by increasing the duty ratio regulation step length of the control waveform of the current-limiting charging of the battery when the over-current phenomenon occurs.
The invention provides a linear lithium battery charging management method, which comprises the steps of detecting the voltage of a battery; when the battery voltage is judged to be greater than the battery discharge cut-off voltage and less than the battery charge cut-off voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery according to the magnitude of the battery voltage; detecting feedback voltage of constant-current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold; stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to a charging voltage; when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging; when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging. The invention controls the current-limiting charging of the battery by stages, thereby ensuring the quick charging of the battery, limiting the charging current and effectively prolonging the service life of the battery. Meanwhile, the battery is prevented from being charged when power is supplied to the load by combining the load condition, and the power requirement of the power supply is effectively reduced.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a linear lithium battery charging management apparatus, as shown in fig. 2, including: a first detection module 210 for detecting a battery voltage;
the first charging module 220 is configured to perform constant-current charging on the battery according to the battery voltage when it is determined that the battery voltage is greater than the battery discharge cutoff voltage and less than the battery charge cutoff voltage; the second detecting module 230 is configured to detect a feedback voltage of the constant current charging, and when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold, determine whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage; a second charging module 240 for stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to a charging voltage; when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging; when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging.
The first charging module 220 is further configured to set a current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio of the current battery to a maximum duty ratio to stop charging when it is determined that the battery voltage is less than the battery discharging cut-off voltage or greater than the battery charging cut-off voltage.
The first charging module 220 includes: the first charging unit 221 is configured to perform constant current charging on the battery by using a first charging current when it is determined that the battery voltage is greater than a battery discharge cutoff voltage and less than a second battery discharge cutoff voltage, where the second battery discharge cutoff voltage is 0.25 times the battery discharge cutoff voltage;
the battery charging is divided into two stages, the boundary voltage is respectively the battery discharging cut-off voltage, namely the battery charging boundary 1 is the battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _1, the battery charging boundary 2 obtained by calculating the golden section ratio is the second battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _2, the battery charging cut-off voltage is the battery charging cut-off voltage V _ BT _3, namely the battery charging boundary 3, and the battery charging is finished by respectively using the maximum current which can be reached, namely the first charging current and the second charging current due to the limitation of the load.
The second charging unit 222 is configured to perform constant current charging on the battery by using a second charging current according to the magnitude of the battery voltage when the battery voltage is greater than the second battery discharging cut-off voltage and less than the battery charging cut-off voltage.
The device further comprises a charging self-adapting module 250, which is used for judging whether the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage of the load driving module divided by the charging voltage and the load input is less than the maximum duty ratio when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage and the preset threshold value, and charging according to the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage of the load driving module divided by the charging voltage and the load input when the judgment result is yes; and when the judgment result is negative, charging according to the maximum duty ratio so as to stop charging.
The present invention has been described in detail, and the principle and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, which are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for managing charging of a linear lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting a battery voltage;
when the battery voltage is judged to be greater than the battery discharge cut-off voltage and less than the battery charge cut-off voltage, performing constant current charging on the battery according to the magnitude of the battery voltage;
detecting feedback voltage of constant-current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold;
stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to a charging voltage;
when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging;
when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging.
2. The linear lithium battery charging management method of claim 1, wherein when it is determined that the battery voltage is less than the battery discharging cut-off voltage or greater than the battery charging cut-off voltage, the PWM duty of the current limiting charging of the battery is set to the maximum duty to stop the charging.
3. The method for managing charging of a linear lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the step of charging the battery with a constant current according to the magnitude of the battery voltage when it is determined that the battery voltage is greater than the battery discharge cutoff voltage and less than the battery charge cutoff voltage comprises:
when the battery voltage is judged to be larger than the battery discharging cut-off voltage and smaller than the second battery discharging cut-off voltage, the battery is subjected to constant-current charging by adopting a first charging current, the battery charging state and the maximum charging current in the current stage are determined according to the current battery voltage, the hardware trickle charging stage is removed, the battery charging is divided into two stages, the boundary voltages are respectively the battery discharging cut-off voltage, namely the battery charging boundary I is the battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _1, the battery charging boundary II obtained by calculating a golden section ratio is the second battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _2, and the battery charging cut-off voltage, namely the battery charging boundary III is the battery charging cut-off voltage V _ BT _3, and the battery charging is finished by respectively adopting the reached maximum currents, namely the first charging current and the second charging current due to the limitation of a load;
and when the battery voltage is greater than the discharge cut-off voltage of the second battery and less than the charge cut-off voltage of the battery, the battery is subjected to constant current charging by adopting a second charging current according to the magnitude of the battery voltage.
4. The linear lithium battery charging management method according to claim 1, wherein when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold, it is determined whether the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage divided by the charging voltage plus the load input of the load driving module is less than a maximum duty ratio, and when the determination result is yes, the charging is performed according to the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage divided by the charging voltage plus the load input of the load driving module; and when the judgment result is negative, charging according to the maximum duty ratio so as to stop charging.
5. A linear lithium battery charging management device, comprising:
the first detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery; the first charging module is used for carrying out constant-current charging on the battery according to the voltage of the battery when the voltage of the battery is judged to be greater than the discharging cut-off voltage of the battery and smaller than the charging cut-off voltage of the battery;
the second detection module is used for detecting the feedback voltage of constant-current charging, and judging whether the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage or not when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold value;
the second charging module is used for stopping charging when the feedback voltage is equal to the charging voltage; when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage, judging whether the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length is smaller than the maximum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current battery current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio plus duty ratio step length; when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging; when the feedback voltage is smaller than the charging voltage, judging whether the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery is larger than the minimum duty ratio, and when the judgment result is yes, charging according to the current limit charging PWM duty ratio minus duty ratio step length of the battery; and when the judgment result is negative, stopping charging.
6. The linear lithium battery charging management device of claim 5, wherein the first charging module is further configured to set a current-limiting charging PWM duty ratio of the battery to a maximum duty ratio to stop charging when the battery voltage is determined to be less than a battery discharging cut-off voltage or greater than the battery charging cut-off voltage.
7. The linear lithium battery charging management device according to claim 5, wherein the first charging module comprises:
a first charging unit for performing constant current charging of the battery with a first charging current when it is determined that the battery voltage is greater than the battery discharge cutoff voltage and less than the second battery discharge cutoff voltage, determining the battery charging state and the maximum charging current of the current stage according to the current battery voltage, removing the hardware trickle charging stage, dividing the battery charging into two stages, wherein the boundary voltage is the battery discharging cut-off voltage respectively, namely the battery charging boundary is the battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _1, the second battery charging boundary calculated by the golden section ratio is the second battery discharging cut-off voltage V _ BT _2, the third battery charging boundary is the battery charging cut-off voltage V _ BT _3, the battery charging is completed by the maximum current reached, namely the first charging current and the second charging current respectively due to the limitation of the load;
and the second charging unit is used for performing constant current charging on the battery by adopting a second charging current according to the voltage of the battery when the voltage of the battery is greater than the discharging cut-off voltage of the second battery and less than the charging cut-off voltage of the battery.
8. The linear lithium battery charging management device according to claim 5, further comprising a charging adaptive module for determining whether the PWM duty ratio of the feedback voltage divided by the charging voltage plus the load input of the load driving module is less than a maximum duty ratio when the feedback voltage is greater than the charging voltage plus a preset threshold, and charging according to the PWM duty ratio when the feedback voltage divided by the charging voltage plus the load input of the load driving module when the determination result is yes; and when the judgment result is negative, charging according to the maximum duty ratio so as to stop charging.
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US5945811A (en) * 1996-05-21 1999-08-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Pulse charging method and a charger
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US7019494B2 (en) * 2004-01-06 2006-03-28 Moltech Corporation Methods of charging lithium sulfur cells
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