CN107963635B

CN107963635B - Clay grading purification equipment and method

Info

Publication number: CN107963635B
Application number: CN201711213314.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈新德; 王璨; 张海荣; 熊莲; 彭芬; 唐伟超
Original assignee: Xuyi Attapulgite Research & Development Center Of Guangzhou Institute Of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Current assignee: Xuyi Aotu energy and environmental protection materials R & D Center
Priority date: 2017-11-28
Filing date: 2017-11-28
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-28
Also published as: CN107963635A

Abstract

The invention discloses a clay grading purification device and a method, wherein the purification device comprises a stirrer, a settling tank and a sieve plate which are arranged in a tank body; and pulping the crushed clay, and controlling different rotating speeds and feeding concentrations by using a purifying device to obtain the clay with different purities. The invention carries out classification purification by utilizing the principle that different components have different centrifugal forces due to different densities, has high separation efficiency, stable product and low cost, and is suitable for industrial application.

Description

Clay grading purification equipment and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and equipment for purifying non-metallic ores, in particular to clay grading purification equipment and a method.

Background

The clay has high application value due to the special surface structure and rheological property, and is widely used in the industries of metallurgy, chemical engineering, medicine, petroleum drilling, building materials, printing and dyeing, livestock breeding and the like. However, the components of the clay mineral in China are complex, for example, the attapulgite clay contains a large amount of impurity minerals such as quartz, calcite, dolomite and the like, and the impurities directly influence the adsorption capacity, colloid viscosity, friction performance and the like of attapulgite clay products, so that the performance of the attapulgite clay products is unstable, and purification is required for realizing large-scale industrial application of the attapulgite clay products.

At present, many researches on clay purification methods are carried out, and dry purification and wet purification are mainly carried out in summary, particularly, many people research on wet purification methods, but the methods for obtaining high-purity clay have high product cost, and the clay purity is required to be different in different application fields in practical application, so that a method and equipment are required for carrying out graded purification on the clay, and different market requirements are met.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem of single product in the existing clay wet purification, the invention provides a method and equipment for classifying and purifying clay according to market requirements, which is used for removing impurities and classifying crushed natural clay by a physical method and belongs to a mineral wet purification technology.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the clay grading and purifying equipment comprises a tank body, wherein the upper part and the lower part of a middle barrel are respectively connected with an upper sealing head and a lower sealing head to form the tank body, the upper part and the lower part of the barrel wall of the middle barrel are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a sand discharge port, the side surface of the lower sealing head is provided with a discharge port, and the bottom of the lower sealing head is provided with a sludge discharge port; the method is characterized in that: at internal portion of jar installation subsider, rabbling mechanism and sieve, the subsider is installed at the jar internal, forms an independent space between the section of thick bamboo wall of subsider and the middle barrel, rabbling mechanism includes motor, frame and screw rod agitator, and the rack-mount is at the jar mouth of the jar body, and the top installation motor of frame, the screw rod agitator and the inserting jar of the bottom erection joint motor shaft of frame are internal, get rid of the sand table and follow the high-speed rotation of screw rod agitator in the bottom installation of screw rod agitator, get rid of in the notch that the sand table outward flange extends to the subsider, and the section of thick bamboo wall the inside of subsider is located the below installation sieve of getting rid of the.

Wherein, the screw stirrer adopts a conical structure with a small upper part and a large lower part.

A group of partition plates are arranged between the cylinder wall of the settling tank and the middle cylinder of the tank body, the partition plates divide an independent space formed between the cylinder wall and the middle cylinder into a plurality of small spaces, and each small space is communicated with the bottom of the settling tank.

Wherein, the clay grading purification method comprises the following steps: pulping the crushed clay, and controlling different rotating speeds and feeding concentrations by using purification equipment to obtain the clay with different purities.

Wherein the feeding concentration is 5-25wt%, and the rotating speed of the stirring mechanism is controlled at 100-9000 r/min.

Wherein the clay comprises one or more of attapulgite clay and montmorillonite clay.

When the slurry mixer works, slurry is thrown into the tank body from the feeding hole, silt is thrown into a plurality of small spaces between the middle cylinders of the tank body on the wall of the settling tank under the action of centrifugal force, so that the silt entering the settling tank naturally settles, and the silt is discharged through the sand discharging hole after being converged at the bottom of the settling tank; the slurry after sand removal flows into the lower part of the sieve plate for secondary sedimentation, the residual sand is deposited at the bottom of the lower seal head and is discharged through a sludge discharge port, and the purified slurry is discharged through a discharge port.

The invention has the advantages that: 1. the device has simple structure and convenient operation, the independent space formed between the wall of the settling tank and the middle cylinder of the tank body is divided into a plurality of small spaces, and each small space is communicated at the bottom of the settling tank, so that the silt entering the settling tank is naturally settled, and the silt is prevented from hardening; 2. the method is simple, the separation efficiency is high, the product is stable, the cost is low, the clay can be purified in a grading way according to the market requirement, so that the clay with different purities can be obtained, and the method is suitable for industrial application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a purification apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of the settling tank of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the structure of the screen plate of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1, a tank body; 101, sealing a lower end socket; 102 a sand discharge port; 103 an intermediate cylinder; 104 a feed inlet; 105, sealing an upper end socket; 106 a discharge hole; 107 sludge discharge ports; 2, a settling tank; 201 a cylinder wall; 202 a partition plate; 3, a stirring mechanism; 301 a frame; a 302 motor; 303 a screw agitator; 304, throwing a sand table; 4, a sieve plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the clay classification purification apparatus comprises a tank body 1, wherein the upper part and the lower part of a middle cylinder 103 are respectively connected with an upper end enclosure 105 and a lower end enclosure 101 to form the tank body 1, the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder wall of the middle cylinder 103 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 104 and a sand discharge port 102, the side surface of the lower end enclosure 101 is provided with a discharge port 106, and the bottom of the lower end enclosure 101 is provided with a sludge discharge port 107; the method is characterized in that: the settling tank 2, the stirring mechanism 3 and the sieve plate 4 are arranged in the tank body 1, the settling tank 2 is arranged in the tank body 1, an independent space is formed between the cylinder wall 201 of the settling tank 2 and the middle cylinder body 103, the stirring mechanism 3 comprises a motor 302, a rack 301 and a screw stirrer 303, the rack 301 is arranged at a tank opening of the tank body 1, the motor 302 is arranged at the top end of the rack 301, the screw stirrer 303 of a motor shaft is arranged and connected at the bottom end of the rack 301 and inserted into the tank body 1, a sand throwing disc 304 is arranged at the bottom of the screw stirrer 303 and rotates at a high speed along with the screw stirrer, the outer edge of the sand throwing disc 304 extends into a tank opening of the settling tank 2, and the sieve plate 4 is arranged below the sand throwing disc 304 in the cylinder.

Wherein, the screw agitator 303 adopts a tapered structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part.

A group of partition plates 202 are arranged between the cylinder wall 201 of the settling tank 2 and the middle cylinder 103 of the tank body 1, the partition plates 202 divide an independent space formed between the cylinder wall 201 and the middle cylinder 103 into a plurality of small spaces, and each small space is communicated at the bottom of the settling tank.

Example 1: pulping raw attapulgite ore with the granularity of more than 60 meshes according to the concentration of 25 wt%; the rotating speed of the purification equipment is adjusted to 9000r/min, and the screw stirrer 303 and the sand throwing disk 304 are driven by the motor 302 to rotate at a high speed; through conveying equipment, clay slurry is fed into the tank body 1 through the feed inlet 104, the slurry is gradually accelerated by the high-speed rotating screw stirrer 303 in the descending process, falls onto the high-speed rotating sand throwing disc 304, and is thrown into the settling tank 2 under the action of centrifugal force, because the density of sand is higher than that of the clay slurry, the centrifugal force is also higher, the sand is thrown onto the partition plate 202 between the wall 201 of the settling tank 2 and the middle cylinder 103 of the tank body 1, sinks along the wall and the partition plate, converges at the bottom of the tank of the settling tank 2, and is discharged through the sand discharge port 102; and the slurry flows out from the notch of the settling tank after the slurry stays in the settling tank 2 for a short time, flows into the lower part of the sieve plate 4 for secondary sedimentation, the residual silt sinks to the bottom of the lower seal head 101 and is discharged through a mud discharge port 107, and the purified slurry is discharged through a discharge port 106. Under the condition, the purity of the attapulgite reaches about 70 percent.

Example 2: making slurry from montmorillonite raw ore of over 60 meshes according to the concentration of 5 wt%; the rotating speed of the purification equipment is adjusted to 100r/min, and the screw stirrer 303 and the sand throwing disk 304 are driven by the motor 302 to rotate at a high speed; clay slurry enters the tank body 1 through the feed port 104 through conveying equipment, the slurry is gradually accelerated by the screw stirrer 303 rotating at a high speed in the descending process, falls onto the sand throwing disc 304 rotating at a high speed, and is thrown into the settling tank 2 under the action of centrifugal force, because the density of sand is higher than that of the clay slurry, the sand is thrown onto the partition plate 202 between the wall 201 of the settling tank 2 and the middle cylinder body 103 of the tank body 1, sinks along the wall and the partition plate, is converged at the bottom of the settling tank, and is discharged through the sand discharge port 102; and the slurry flows out from the notch of the settling tank after the slurry stays in the settling tank 2 for a short time, flows into the lower part of the sieve plate 4 for secondary sedimentation, the residual silt sinks to the bottom of the lower seal head 101 and is discharged through a mud discharge port 107, and the purified slurry is discharged through a discharge port 106. Under the condition, the purity of the montmorillonite reaches about 85 percent.

Example 3: pulping raw attapulgite ore with more than 100 meshes according to the concentration of 15 wt%; the rotating speed of the purification equipment is adjusted to 4500r/min, and the screw stirrer 303 and the sand throwing disk 304 are driven by the motor 302 to rotate at a high speed; clay slurry enters the tank body 1 through the feed port 104 through conveying equipment, the slurry is gradually accelerated by the screw stirrer 303 rotating at a high speed in the descending process, falls onto the sand throwing disc 304 rotating at a high speed, and is thrown into the settling tank 2 under the action of centrifugal force, because the density of sand is higher than that of the clay slurry, the sand is thrown onto the partition plate 202 between the wall 201 of the settling tank 2 and the middle cylinder body 103 of the tank body 1, sinks along the wall and the partition plate, converges at the bottom of the settling tank 2, and is discharged through the sand discharge port 102; and the slurry flows out from the notch of the settling tank after the slurry stays in the settling tank 2 for a short time, flows into the lower part of the sieve plate 4 for secondary sedimentation, the residual silt sinks to the bottom of the lower seal head 101 and is discharged through a mud discharge port 107, and the purified slurry is discharged through a discharge port 106. Under the condition, the purity of the attapulgite reaches about 90 percent.

Claims

1. Clay grading purification equipment comprises a tank body (1), wherein an upper end enclosure (105) and a lower end enclosure (101) are respectively connected to the upper part and the lower part of a middle cylinder (103) to form the tank body (1), a feed inlet (104) and a sand discharge port (102) are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder wall of the middle cylinder (103), a discharge port (106) is arranged on the side surface of the lower end enclosure (101), and a sludge discharge port (107) is arranged at the bottom of the lower end enclosure (101); the method is characterized in that: a settling tank (2), a stirring mechanism (3) and a sieve plate (4) are arranged in the tank body (1), the settling tank (2) is arranged in the tank body (1), an independent space is formed between the cylinder wall (201) of the settling tank (2) and the middle cylinder body (103), the stirring mechanism (3) comprises a motor (302), a frame (301) and a screw stirrer (303), the frame (301) is arranged at the tank opening of the tank body (1), the motor (302) is arranged at the top end of the frame (301), the screw stirrer (303) connected with a motor shaft is arranged at the bottom end of the frame (301) and inserted into the tank body (1), the bottom of the screw stirrer (303) is provided with a sand throwing disk (304) and rotates at a high speed along with the screw stirrer, the outer edge of the sand throwing disk (304) extends into the notch of the settling tank (2), and a sieve plate (4) is arranged below the sand throwing disk (304) in the barrel wall (201) of the settling tank (2).

2. The clay classification and purification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screw agitator (303) is of a conical structure with a small upper part and a large lower part.

3. The clay classification and purification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a group of partition plates (202) are arranged between the cylinder wall (201) of the settling tank (2) and the middle cylinder body (103) of the tank body (1), the partition plates (202) divide an independent space formed between the cylinder wall (201) and the middle cylinder body (103) into a plurality of small spaces, and each small space is communicated at the bottom of the settling tank.

4. A method for performing clay classification purification by using the purification apparatus as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: pulping the crushed clay, and controlling different rotating speeds and feeding concentrations by using purification equipment to obtain the clay with different purities.

5. The clay classification purification method according to claim 4, wherein: the solid concentration of the feed is 5-25wt%, and the rotating speed of the stirring mechanism is controlled to be 100-9000 r/min.

6. The clay classification purification method according to claim 4, wherein: the clay comprises one or more of attapulgite clay and montmorillonite clay.