CN108190512B - A chain transport system for electrodeposited metal cathode plates - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a chain conveying system of an electrodeposited metal cathode plate, which comprises a left driving box, an upper beam, a lower beam, a right driving box and a chain, wherein the left driving box and the right driving box respectively comprise a variable frequency motor, a speed reducer, a driving shaft and a chain wheel, and an encoder is arranged on one motor. The chain is provided with a plurality of stations, each station corresponds to a single group of chains which comprises a plurality of chain links, each chain link comprises a rolling bearing, a chain plate and a pin shaft, and each single group of chains is provided with three lug plates which are respectively connected with two long hooks and one short hook of each station. In each station, two long hooks on two sides hang two ends of a conductive rod of the cathode plate to bear the cathode plate, and a short hook in the middle hooks the lifting lug on the upper part of the cathode plate. One end of the chain is provided with a tensioning device, and the tensioning device comprises four cylinders or four springs which are connected with the chain wheel shaft. Stable operation, low energy consumption, low noise and long service life, and is used for transporting the cathode plate of the electrodeposited metal to subsequent equipment for stripping.

Description

A chain transport system for electrodeposited metal cathode plates

Technical Field

The invention relates to a stripping system for an electrodeposited metal cathode plate, in particular to a chain transport system for an electrodeposited metal cathode plate.

Background Art

In the industrial production of hydrometallurgy, the electrolytic extraction method is often used to produce pure metals such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, nickel, and cobalt from the solution. In practice, the target metal (such as zinc) is deposited on the exposed surface of the cathode plate (the cathode plate itself is an aluminum plate) in the electrolytic cell by electrolysis (in order to separate the target metal from the cathode plate and avoid forming a whole piece, the edges of the cathode plate are usually wrapped with rubber so that the metal deposited on both sides of the cathode plate are two separate parts).

As shown in FIG1 , the main structure of the cathode plate is an aluminum plate, including a lifting lug 21 for lifting the cathode plate by an overhead crane, a copper head 22 for conducting electricity during the electrolysis process, a conductive rod 23 during the electrolysis process, an upper edge 24 of the zinc sheet, and an insulating strip 25. The upper edge 24 of the zinc sheet is the height of the liquid level in the electrolytic cell, and the insulating strip 25 ensures that the zinc plates on the front and back sides do not stick together during the growth process.

When the deposited metal layer reaches a certain thickness, the plate is lifted out of the electrolytic cell by an overhead crane, and the metal layer deposited on the cathode plate is peeled off from the cathode plate itself using a zinc stripping system or manually. After stripping, the cathode plate is cleaned and hoisted back into the electrolytic cell by an overhead crane for electrolysis and recycling.

In the zinc stripping system, there are usually the following parts:

1. Receiving system: used to receive the cathode plates to be peeled off from the overhead crane;

2. Conveying system - used to convey the cathode plates to be peeled from the receiving system, and then to be peeled and brushed through the pre-stripping, main stripping, brushing and other stations in sequence;

3. Stripping and brushing system - usually includes pre-stripping, main stripping, brushing and other equipment, which are used to open, strip and brush the cathode plate;

4. Plate taking system, which is used to take the cathode plates that have been stripped off from the conveying system and collect them to wait for the overhead crane to lift them back to the electrolytic cell;

5. Stacking system is used to collect the metal sheets peeled off from the cathode plate, stack, weigh, print and transmit them to the next process.

The conveying system in the prior art (the second point above) comprises:

(1) Chain drive technology:

The chain length of the entire chain conveyor system is generally more than 20 meters, and it needs to be started and stopped frequently. The driving technology is crucial, which directly affects the response speed and control accuracy of the chain. The existing technology uses two servo motors to drive the chain, which has poor control consistency and high cost.

(2) Chain positioning detection technology:

In the prior art, a servo motor and an encoder are used for control, and an encoder is used for detection. However, there are accumulated errors during operation, and the system cannot eliminate the accumulated errors during operation. When the error is too large to affect the operation of subsequent processes, the system cannot detect it, which will cause damage to the equipment and endanger safety.

(3) Chain structure:

The structural form of the chain directly determines the weight of the chain and the smoothness of the operation process, which in turn affects the selection of the chain drive motor, its service life and the noise level during operation.

(4) Chain drive form:

Existing products are all double-end driven, that is, there is a motor at each end, a total of two motors driving the chain to run simultaneously, but the existing products are driven by servo motors, which are costly.

(5) Chain tensioning form:

Whether the chain is properly tensioned directly affects the chain's operating life and noise.

The existing technology is to use a mechanical method to tension at one end, generally using a top screw method, but this tensioning method is unstable and requires manual regular inspection, and the tensioning amount is completely determined by the worker's experience.

(6) Structure and installation form of the hook:

In the prior art, only two long hooks on both sides hang the two ends of the conductive rod 23 of the cathode plate to carry the cathode plate. However, the disadvantage of this solution is that when the cathode plate moves, its start and stop speed is fast, and it is easy to move in the moving direction, which is not conducive to the subsequent processing of the cathode plate, such as stripping at the stripping station, removing the cathode plate from the system at the last station, etc.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a chain transport system for electrodeposited metal cathode plates.

The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The chain transport system of the electrodeposited metal cathode plate of the present invention comprises a left drive box, an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a right drive box, and a chain, wherein the chain is arranged on the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam, and the left drive box and the right drive box are arranged at both ends of the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam and are connected to the chain at the same time;

The left drive box and the right drive box respectively include a variable frequency motor, a reducer, a drive shaft, and a sprocket. The two variable frequency motors are controlled by a variable frequency controller. The reducer is directly connected to the variable frequency motor. The drive shaft is connected to the reducer through a tensioning sleeve. The sprocket is connected to the drive shaft through another expansion sleeve. The sprocket is connected to the chain, and a hook for hanging a cathode plate is provided on the chain.

It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention as described above that the chain transport system for the electrodeposited metal cathode plate provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a transport system that can quickly move the cathode plate to one or more workstations, and at the same time has stable operation, low energy consumption, low noise, and long service life. It is used to transport the cathode plate of the electrodeposited metal to subsequent equipment for stripping, and can quickly and stably transport the cathode plate to be stripped to the stripping system so as to strip the metal sheet.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cathode plate;

FIG2a is a schematic side view of the structure of a chain transport system for an electrodeposited metal cathode plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 b is a schematic top view of the structure of a chain transport system for an electrodeposited metal cathode plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2c is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A of FIG2a;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a workstation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single set of chains in an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below. The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

The chain transport system of the electrodeposited metal cathode plate of the present invention is preferably implemented as follows:

It includes a left drive box, an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a right drive box, and a chain. The chain is arranged on the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam. The left drive box and the right drive box are arranged at both ends of the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam and are connected to the chain at the same time.

The left drive box and the right drive box respectively include a variable frequency motor, a reducer, a drive shaft, and a sprocket. The two variable frequency motors are controlled by a variable frequency controller. The reducer is directly connected to the variable frequency motor. The drive shaft is connected to the reducer through a clamping sleeve. The sprocket is connected to the drive shaft through another clamping sleeve. The sprocket is connected to the chain, and a hook for hanging a cathode plate is provided on the chain.

An encoder is installed on at least one of the two variable frequency motors.

The chain is provided with a plurality of workstations, each of which is provided with two long hooks, a short hook is provided between the two long hooks, and independent position sensors are respectively provided at the positions of the two long hooks corresponding to one of the workstations.

The chain comprises a single chain group with the same width as each workstation, each chain group comprises a plurality of chain links, and each chain link comprises a rolling bearing, a chain plate, and a pin shaft.

Each single chain set is equipped with three lugs, which are connected to two long hooks and one short hook at each workstation.

The ear plate is provided with bolt holes and is connected with the hook bolts.

In each workstation, two long hooks on both sides hang the two ends of the conductive rod of the cathode plate to support the cathode plate, and the short hook in the middle hangs the ear on the upper part of the cathode plate (the short hook is inside the ear and serves as a limit in the moving direction).

A tensioning device is provided at one end of the chain, and the tensioning device is a structure in which four cylinders are connected to a sprocket shaft or a structure in which four springs are connected to a sprocket shaft.

The chain transport system of the electrodeposited metal cathode plate of the present invention is used to transport the electrodeposited metal cathode plate to subsequent equipment for stripping, and can quickly and stably transport the cathode plate to be stripped to the stripping system so as to strip the metal sheet.

The key technologies involved in the present invention include:

(1) Chain drive technology

The chain of the entire chain conveyor system is generally more than 20 meters long and needs to be started and stopped frequently. Drive technology is crucial, which directly affects the response speed and control accuracy of the chain.

The present invention uses two variable frequency motors plus encoders to drive the chain. During operation, the variable frequency motor is precisely controlled by a variable frequency controller. The advantages of using variable frequency control plus encoders are that two motors are controlled by one frequency converter, the control consistency is good, and the cost is low. The control accuracy can be guaranteed and checked by the information fed back by the encoder, and the control accuracy is high.

(2) Chain positioning detection technology

The present invention adopts a variable frequency motor and an encoder for control, adopts an encoder to detect the stopping accuracy, and uses two proximity sensors to simultaneously detect two long hooks in a group of hooks, so as to verify whether the accuracy of the chain after the encoder is stepped meets the requirements.

(3) Chain structure

The structural form of the chain directly determines the weight of the chain and the smoothness of the operation process, which in turn affects the selection of the chain drive motor, its service life and the noise level during operation.

The chain structure of the present invention is shown in Figure 4. A single chain group 6 is composed of multiple chain links. The length of the single chain group is equal to the width of each workstation mentioned above. Each chain link is composed of a rolling bearing 61, a chain plate 62, and a pin 63. The use of rolling bearings 61 can significantly reduce the resistance during the operation of the chain, extend the service life and reduce noise; there are only three ear plates 11 on each group for connecting hooks, and there are no ear plates in other places, which reduces the dead weight of the chain, reduces the motor power and increases the operating life.

(4) Chain drive type

The present invention uses two variable frequency motors to drive a reducer and then drive a transmission shaft for driving, thereby reducing costs.

(5) Chain tensioning form

Whether the chain is properly tensioned directly affects the chain's operating life and noise.

The present invention is tensioned at one end, but two different tensioning methods are designed, and the tensioning effect is good. One is that four cylinders drive the sprocket shaft to tension, and by setting the air pressure, the chain can be automatically tensioned without manual repeated adjustment; the other is that four springs drive the sprocket shaft to tension, and after the first pre-tightening is in place, it can ensure long-term stable operation.

(6) Hook structure and installation form

In addition to the two long hooks on both sides of each hook group, the present invention also adds a middle hook, and utilizes the triangular crane lifting lug 21 on the upper end of the cathode plate itself, so that the lateral movement of the cathode plate can be limited when it steps quickly, which is convenient for subsequent processing.

The present invention is a transportation system that can quickly move cathode plates to one or more stations, and has stable operation, low energy consumption, low noise, and long service life. The key points of the present invention are as follows:

A fast, stable, accurate and powerful driving system;

The precise control and detection system ensures that the chain can step accurately and the stepping accuracy can be checked.

The chain structure is light in weight, strong in structure, long in service life and low in noise.

The low-cost driving method can also ensure the performance.

Simple, stable and reliable tensioning device that does not require much manual intervention.

The chain, hook and cathode plate are perfectly combined to keep them stable during stepping without the risk of movement or falling.

Specific embodiment:

The entire operation process (taking the cathode plate under the chain running from left to right as an example, that is, the chain rotates counterclockwise):

The chain is grouped into three hooks (two long and one short), the first group corresponds to station 1, the second group corresponds to station 2, and so on. As shown in FIG3 , cathode plates No. 81-90 are hung at stations No. 1 to No. 10, respectively.

Station No. 1 is the board hanging station, station No. 10 is the board taking station, and the stripping and brushing systems are arranged at stations No. 2 to No. 9, including pre-stripping, main stripping, board brushing and other equipment, which are used to open, strip and brush the cathode plate.

The cathode plate No. 81 is hung on the No. 1 station by other transport equipment, and the cathode plate No. 90 is taken down from the No. 10 station by other transport equipment. At this time, the system, i.e. the zinc stripping machine transverse conveyor chain system, drives the cathode plates No. 81-89 to move one station to the right, the cathode plate No. 81 arrives at the No. 2 station, and the cathode plate No. 89 arrives at the No. 10 station, and one operation process ends.

At the same time: N boards can be hung at one time, that is, 1-N is the board hanging station; N+1----M is the stripping station; M----M+N is the board taking station.

As shown in FIG. 2 a , FIG. 2 b and FIG. 2 c , the chain body includes a left drive box 1 , an upper cross beam 7 , a lower cross beam 8 , a right drive box 9 , a chain 6 and the like.

(1) Drive system

The entire chain system is driven by the left and right drive boxes 1 and 9 at the same time. The structure inside the drive box includes a variable frequency motor 11, a reducer, a drive shaft, and a sprocket 10. One frequency converter drives two variable frequency motors to work at the same time. The reducer is directly connected to the motor, the drive shaft is connected to the reducer through a locking sleeve, and the sprocket is connected to the drive shaft through a locking sleeve. Finally, the chain is driven by the sprocket, the chain drives the hooks 3 and 4, and the hook drives the cathode plate 5 to move.

(2) Detection system

The chain needs to drive the cathode plate to move accurately from one station to the next, which requires positioning detection technology.

The present invention relies on installing an encoder on one of the motors to control the running accuracy of the chain, and relies on the other two independent position sensors to detect whether two long hooks in a group of chains are in place at the same time, so as to check the running accuracy of the chain.

(3) Chain structure

The chain structure of the present invention is shown in FIG4 . A single chain group (6) is composed of a plurality of chain links. The length of the single chain group is equal to the width of each of the above-mentioned workstations. Each chain link is composed of a rolling bearing (61), a chain plate (62), and a pin (63). The use of rolling bearings (61) instead of ordinary rollers can significantly reduce the resistance during the operation of the chain, extend the service life, and reduce noise. There are only three ear plates 12 on each group for connecting the hooks 3 and 4, and there are no ear plates in the rest of the places. This reduces the dead weight of the chain, reduces the motor power, and increases the operating life.

Bolt holes are provided on the ear plate for bolt connection with the hook.

(4) Chain tension

The present invention is tensioned at one end, but two different tensioning methods are designed, and the tensioning effect is good. One is that four cylinders drive the sprocket shaft to tension, and by setting the air pressure, the chain can be automatically tensioned without manual repeated adjustment; the other is that four springs drive the sprocket shaft to tension, and after the first pre-tightening is in place, it can ensure long-term stable operation.

(5) Hook structure and installation form

In view of this situation, the present invention designs two long hooks 3 on both sides and adds a middle hook 4 on each set of hooks. The two long hooks on both sides hang the two ends of the conductive rod 23 of the cathode plate to support the cathode plate, and the middle hook 3 uses the triangular overhead crane lifting ear 21 on the upper end of the cathode plate itself to limit the cathode plate. In this way, the lateral movement of the cathode plate can be limited when the cathode plate steps quickly, so as to keep the cathode plate stable during operation and facilitate the processing of subsequent processes.

Technical effects of the present invention:

(1) The drive system using one inverter to drive two variable frequency motors has the following advantages:

1. Ensure that the two motors are driven synchronously at all times to ensure the consistency of the drive system. Using two servo motors may cause the drive systems to affect each other due to the difference in speed between the two servo motors.

2. Under the same power, the cost of inverter-controlled variable frequency motor is better than that of servo motor.

(2) The positioning detection method using an encoder combined with a position sensor has the following advantages:

1. While ensuring the accuracy of control, the step accuracy can be reviewed each time and the error of the encoder can be corrected. When the error of the encoder exceeds the allowable range of the equipment, it can be detected in time, and the two position sensors can be used for reset action. The degree of automation is high and the equipment stability is good.

(3) Chain structure, advantages are:

By adopting the above chain structure and using rolling bearings compared to traditional rollers, the resistance of the chain during operation can be significantly reduced, the noise can be reduced, and the service life can be extended; placing ear plates at the position of the connecting hook and eliminating the ear plates at other positions can reduce the weight of the chain and reduce the load on the transmission system.

(4) Chain tensioning, advantages are:

The use of cylinder or spring tensioning has higher stability and reliability compared to traditional mechanical tensioning, while reducing the labor intensity of workers.

(5) The installation method of using three hooks in each group has the following advantages:

It can limit the movement of the cathode plate during rapid movement, improve the stability of the cathode plate transportation system, and bring convenience to subsequent processing procedures.

In specific applications, when the form of the cathode plate changes, or the lifting lug of the overhead crane changes, the middle hook is limited when the chain steps forward.

Key technical points of the present invention:

1. Use variable frequency motors, and use one inverter to control two variable frequency motors at the same time;

2. The control detection method combining encoder and position sensor can detect and correct errors in time;

3. A special chain structure is used, the traditional roller is replaced by a rolling bearing, and the lug plate is only placed at the location where the hook is installed, and there is no lug plate at other locations;

4. Use cylinder or spring tensioning;

5. It adopts a three-hook form, with two long hooks used for bearing and a short hook used for limiting.

The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (1)

1. The chain conveying system of the electrodeposited metal cathode plate is characterized by comprising a left driving box, an upper beam, a lower beam, a right driving box and a chain, wherein the chain is arranged on the upper beam and the lower beam, and the left driving box and the right driving box are arranged at two ends of the upper beam and the lower beam and are simultaneously connected with the chain;

The left driving box and the right driving box respectively comprise variable frequency motors, a speed reducer, a driving shaft and a chain wheel, wherein the two variable frequency motors are controlled by a variable frequency controller, the speed reducer is directly connected to the variable frequency motors, the driving shaft is connected with the speed reducer through a tensioning sleeve, the chain wheel is connected with the driving shaft through another tensioning sleeve, the chain wheel is connected with the chain, and a hook for hanging a cathode plate is arranged on the chain;

at least one motor of the two variable frequency motors is provided with an encoder;

the chain is provided with a plurality of stations, each station is provided with two long hooks, a short hook is arranged between the two long hooks, and independent position sensors are respectively arranged at the positions of the two long hooks corresponding to one station;

The chain comprises single groups of chains with the same width as each station, each single group of chains comprises a plurality of chain links, and each chain link comprises a rolling bearing, a chain plate and a pin shaft;

three ear plates are arranged on each single-group chain and are respectively connected with two long hooks and one short hook of each station;

the lug plate is provided with a bolt hole and is connected with the hook bolt;

in each station, two long hooks on two sides hang two ends of a conductive rod of the cathode plate to bear the cathode plate, and a short hook in the middle hooks the lifting lug on the upper part of the cathode plate;

One end of the chain is provided with a tensioning device, and the tensioning device is of a structure that four cylinders are connected with a chain wheel shaft or of a structure that four springs are connected with the chain wheel shaft.