CN108251295B - Methane tank with heat energy circulating system - Google Patents
Methane tank with heat energy circulating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108251295B CN108251295B CN201810230244.7A CN201810230244A CN108251295B CN 108251295 B CN108251295 B CN 108251295B CN 201810230244 A CN201810230244 A CN 201810230244A CN 108251295 B CN108251295 B CN 108251295B
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/24—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes inside the vessel
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/26—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pH
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/44—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of volume or liquid level
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
- C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
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- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热能循环的沼气加热保温系统，其包括沼气池和热能循环系统，沼气池上设置有气体保温层，空气源热泵与设置于沼气池内的加热盘管连接，废气收集装置连接有集气阀，集气阀与气体汇流器连接，气体汇流器与热源切换阀之间连接有气泵，热源切换阀与气体保温层连通、并且与设置于空气源热泵上方的散气罩连通；气体保温层与气体分流器连接，气体分流器分别与集气阀、气体保温层和空气源热泵连接。本发明运用用户使用沼气后燃烧的热源废气所携带的大量的热量来对沼气发酵进行保温和加热，同时废气可作为气体肥料促进蔬菜大棚内的植物生长，太阳能电池板提供电能。实现清洁能源的热能循环，符合可持续发展战略。
The invention discloses a biogas heating and heat preservation system with heat energy circulation, which comprises a biogas tank and a heat energy circulation system. A gas insulation layer is arranged on the biogas tank, an air source heat pump is connected with a heating coil arranged in the biogas tank, and a waste gas collection device is connected with a a gas collecting valve, the gas collecting valve is connected with the gas concentrator, an air pump is connected between the gas concentrator and the heat source switching valve, and the heat source switching valve is communicated with the gas insulation layer and communicated with the air diffuser set above the air source heat pump; the gas The insulation layer is connected with the gas shunt, and the gas shunt is respectively connected with the gas collecting valve, the gas insulation layer and the air source heat pump. The invention utilizes a large amount of heat carried by the heat source exhaust gas burned by the user to heat the biogas fermentation, meanwhile, the exhaust gas can be used as a gas fertilizer to promote the growth of plants in the vegetable greenhouse, and the solar panel provides electric energy. Realizing the thermal energy cycle of clean energy is in line with the sustainable development strategy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biogas, in particular to a biogas digester with a heat energy circulating system.
Background
The biogas is a combustible gas with a higher heat value, belongs to clean energy, and is a renewable energy source compared with other fuel gases. Traditionally, biogas is mostly used for heating, cooking and lighting, in fact, biogas technology has wider potential in the agricultural field, and today, where low carbon economy is the best way, low carbon, low pollution, low cost and high available value energy is being accepted by more and more people, wherein the energy of biogas is in a rapid development situation, biogas is a mixed gas composed of a plurality of gases, wherein the content of methane and carbon dioxide is the most, and can account for more than ninety percent, and the rest gases are few. The methane is mainly combusted by virtue of methane, and the methane gas is colorless, tasteless and nontoxic, can be combusted by being mixed with a certain amount of air and emits blue flame and a large amount of heat after being ignited, and is accepted and used by more and more people due to the characteristic of energy conservation and environmental protection. The biogas fermentation technology can use a large amount of straws (easily-cooked substances such as wheat straws, corn straws, rice straws, weeds, leaves, household garbage and the like) and excrement. In the process of fermentation of the biogas, the influence of the temperature on the biogas yield is very large, and particularly in cold winter and in some northern areas of China in cold climates, the biogas yield is very low, and even the biogas production is stopped. In the prior art, an air source heat pump is mostly adopted to heat biogas fermentation, but the air source heat pump is easy to frost due to severe cold air, so that the heating effect of the air source heat pump is influenced. The biogas is burnt to generate a large amount of water vapor and carbon dioxide, the water vapor and the carbon dioxide carry a large amount of heat to be discharged, and meanwhile, the carbon dioxide can be used as waste materials of crops in the greenhouse to promote the growth of the crops.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the methane tank with the heat energy circulating system, which can recycle the heat generated by methane combustion and methane products.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the methane tank with the heat energy circulating system comprises a methane tank and the heat energy circulating system, wherein the methane tank is arranged outdoors and is communicated with a user room, a gas heat preservation layer is arranged on the methane tank, the heat energy circulating system comprises an air source heat pump, a waste gas collecting device and a heat source switching valve, the air source heat pump is connected with a heating coil arranged in the methane tank, the waste gas collecting device is arranged in the methane user room, the waste gas collecting device is connected with a gas collecting valve, the gas collecting valve is connected with a gas confluence device, an air pump is connected between the gas confluence device and the heat source switching valve, and the heat source switching valve is connected with the gas heat preservation layer through a guide pipe and is communicated with; the gas insulation layer is connected with a gas splitter, the gas splitter is respectively connected with the gas collection valve, the gas insulation layer and the air source heat pump, and each branch of the gas splitter is respectively communicated with each vegetable greenhouse; the solar energy storage battery is connected with the controller, and the air source heat pump, the heat source switching valve, the gas collecting valve, the water pump, the air pump, the temperature sensor and the hydraulic control valve are all connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the gas insulation layer is made of aluminum sheet material, a layer of insulation layer is arranged outside the gas insulation layer, and the insulation layer is formed by building aerated bricks.
Furthermore, a pH detector is arranged in the methane tank, a water filling port is arranged above the methane tank and connected with a water spraying pump, and the pH detector and the water spraying pump are both connected with a controller.
Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is arranged in the methane tank and is connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the gas collecting valve and the heat source switching valve are two-position three-way electromagnetic valves.
Furthermore, a stirring rod is arranged in the methane tank and is connected with a motor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, when a user uses biogas, carbon dioxide and water vapor generated by biogas combustion are utilized, the carbon dioxide and the water vapor generated after combustion carry a large amount of heat, heat source waste gas is collected by a waste gas collecting device arranged in a user room, and waste gases of a plurality of users are converged by a gas confluence device; and then the waste gas with heat is sent into the gas heat-insulating layer and the air source heat pump by the air pump, so that the methane tank is insulated and heated. Water vapor in the waste gas after heat exchange is condensed into water, carbon dioxide is collected to the gas splitter, and the carbon dioxide is split to each vegetable greenhouse through the gas splitter and is used for gas fertilizers, so that cyclic utilization is realized.
Because the temperature is lower in winter, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the methane tank is lower, the controller controls the gas collecting valve and the heat source switching valve to only open a channel for supplying heat source waste gas to the gas dispersing cover, and the air source heat pump heats water in the heating coil to directly heat methane fermentation, so that the methane fermentation reaches the maximum efficiency. The air dispersing cover is arranged above the air source heat pump, so that most of air absorbed by the air source heat pump comes from heat source waste gas, the heating effect of the air source heat pump is greatly improved, and the power of the air source heat pump is reduced; the heat source waste gas can also effectively prevent the frosting phenomenon of the air source heat pump; and the waste gas passing through the air source heat pump is discharged into the greenhouse to promote the growth of plants.
When the greenhouse is in a season with higher temperature, the biogas fermentation does not need to be heated and insulated due to the self-heating function of the biogas fermentation, and heat source waste gas can be directly conveyed into the greenhouse from the gas collecting valve; the heat source waste gas can also circulate in the gas heat-insulating layer, so as to realize the heat-insulating effect on the methane tank. The controller is connected with a solar storage battery to provide power for the air source heat pump and other power consumption equipment, and electric energy generated by the solar cell panel is stored in the solar storage battery.
The pH detector arranged in the methane tank is used for detecting the pH value and feeding back information to the controller, when the pH value in the methane tank is unbalanced, the controller controls the water injection pump to inject water into the methane tank so as to balance the pH value, and the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the height of the liquid level so as to prevent the water injection pump from injecting too much water to influence gas production. The gas heat-insulating layer adopts a thin plate structure, so that the heat-insulating effect is maximized; the heat preservation adopts the aerated brick, light in weight, shock resistance is strong, the processability is good, the installation is convenient, and simultaneously the heat preservation and heat insulation performance is good. And a stirring rod is also arranged in the methane tank to prevent the methane raw materials from agglomerating so as to influence the fermentation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biogas heating and heat preserving device with heat energy circulation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the heat source off-gas.
The solar energy water-cooling device comprises a solar cell panel 1, a solar storage battery 2, a solar storage battery 3, a gas diffusion cover 4, an air source heat pump 5, a water pump 6, a hydraulic control valve 7, a heating coil pipe 8, a gas heat insulation layer 9, a heat insulation layer 10, a heat source switching valve 11, an air pump 12, a gas confluence device 13, a waste gas collecting device 14, a temperature sensor 15, a methane tank 16, a gas flow divider 17, a vegetable greenhouse 18, a gas collection valve 19, a pH detector 20, a water filling port 21, a stirring rod 22 and a liquid level sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in figure 1, the methane tank with the heat energy circulating system comprises a methane tank 15 and the heat energy circulating system, wherein a methane outlet is formed in the methane tank 15, a temperature sensor 14 is arranged in the methane tank 15, the temperature sensor 14 adopts a PT100 temperature sensor, and the methane outlet is communicated with the inside of a user room.
The heat energy circulating system comprises a waste gas collecting device 13, a gas collector 12, an air pump 11, a heat source switching valve 10 and an air source heat pump 4, wherein a gas collecting valve 18 is arranged between the waste gas collecting device 13 and the gas collector 12, the gas collector 12 is connected with the air pump 11 through a conduit, the air pump 11 is connected with the heat source switching valve 10 through a conduit, and the heat source switching valve 10 and the gas collecting valve 18 are two-position three-way electromagnetic valves.
An outlet at one end of the heat source switching valve 10 is communicated with the gas heat-insulating layer 8 through a conduit, an outlet at the other end of the heat source switching valve is connected with a conduit of a gas dispersing cover 3 arranged on the air source heat pump 4, the air source heat pump 4 is connected with a heating coil pipe 7 arranged in the methane tank 15, and a water pump 5 and a hydraulic control valve 6 are arranged between the air source heat pump 4 and the methane tank 15; the air outlet of the air source heat pump 4 is connected with a gas splitter 16 through a conduit, the gas splitter 16 is also connected with a gas insulation layer 8 and a gas collecting valve 18 through a conduit, and each branch pipe of the gas splitter 16 is communicated with the inside of the vegetable greenhouse 17 through a conduit; all pipes that this scheme adopted all adopt polyurethane to bury ground heat preservation tubular product.
As shown in fig. 2, the controller adopts an FX1N-30MT programmable controller, and the gas collecting valve 18, the temperature sensor 14, the heat source switching valve 10, the air pump 11, the air source heat pump 4, the solar storage battery 2, the water pump 5 and the hydraulic control valve 6 are all connected with the controller through leads; a pH detector 19 is also arranged in the methane tank 15, a water filling port 20 is arranged on the methane tank 15, and the water filling port 20 is connected with a conduit of a water filling pump; the pH detector 19 and the water injection pump are connected with a controller through leads. The ground is also provided with a solar cell panel 1 for providing electric energy for the air source heat pump 4 and other electric devices, the electric energy generated by solar energy is stored in a solar storage battery 2, and the solar storage battery 2 is connected with a controller.
As shown in fig. 3, in summer with high temperature, the external environment temperature is high, since the biogas fermentation has self-heating phenomenon, the heating and heat preservation of the biogas fermentation are not needed, the information detected by the temperature sensor 14 is fed back to the controller, the controller controls the gas collecting valve 18 to open the opening directly connected with the gas splitter 16, and the waste gas generated by the combustion of the biogas used by the user is directly discharged into the vegetable greenhouse 17 to be used as a gas fertilizer, so as to promote the growth of plants.
When the biogas fermentation device is in winter, the external environment temperature is low, biogas fermentation needs to be heated, the controller controls the gas collecting valve 18 to open an opening communicated with the gas converging valve, heat source waste gas generated by multiple users by using biogas is collected by the waste gas collecting device 13 and converged in the gas converging device 12, kinetic energy is provided for the heat source waste gas through the air pump 11, the controller controls the heat source switching valve 10 to open the opening communicated with the gas dispersing hood 3, the heat source waste gas is discharged from the gas dispersing hood 3 arranged above the air source heat pump 4, the air source heat pump 4 absorbs the heat source waste gas containing a large amount of heat, and water circulating in the heating coil 7 is heated, so that the heating of the biogas fermentation is realized, and the biogas fermentation is promoted to reach the maximum efficiency. The water pump 5 gives basic power to the water circulation, and the hydraulic control valve 6 is used for controlling circulation and closing of the circulation.
When the temperature sensor 14 detects that the temperature in the methane tank 15 is the most appropriate temperature for methane fermentation, only the methane tank 15 needs to be insulated to prevent heat loss; the controller controls the heat source switching valve 10 to open the opening communicated with the gas heat preservation layer 8, and the heat source waste gas flows to the gas heat preservation layer 8, so that the heat preservation of the methane tank 15 is realized. The waste gas that passes through air source heat pump 4 and the condensation of gaseous heat preservation 8 all discharges to gas divider 16, and then pours into vegetable greenhouse 17 in, is used as gaseous fertilizer, promotes the growth of vegetables.
Because the air source heat pump 4 during operation, the absorbed gas is mostly the heat source waste gas that the user discharged, this heating effect that has improved air source heat pump 4 greatly, can further reduce air source heat pump 4's power simultaneously, and heat source waste gas still can prevent the frosting phenomenon of air source heat pump 4 when winter. The heat-insulating layer 9 arranged outside the methane tank 15 is formed by building aerated bricks, and the aerated bricks have the advantages of light weight, strong shock resistance, good processing performance, convenient installation and good heat-insulating performance. The gas heat-insulating layer 8 is a hollow layer made of thin plates, so that the gas heat-insulating effect can be improved.
The pH detector 19 is used for detecting the pH value in the methane tank 15, and when the pH value of the methane fermentation is unbalanced, the controller can control the water injection pump to inject water into the methane tank 15 and regulate and control the pH value so as to maximize the methane fermentation; the liquid level sensor 22 is used for detecting the liquid level in the methane tank 15 and preventing excessive water injection. The stirring rod 21 is used for stirring the methane tank 15, preventing the raw materials for methane fermentation from caking and promoting the methane fermentation.
In conclusion, the biogas fermentation is heated and insulated by using the heat source waste gas generated by the biogas combustion of the user, so that the biogas fermentation is promoted, the waste gas can also be used as a gas fertilizer to promote the growth of crops, the straws of the crops are used as the raw material for the biogas fermentation to produce biogas, and the solar cell panel 1 provides electric energy for the air source heat pump 4. Through the virtuous circle, the emission of greenhouse gases is reduced, the production cost is reduced, clean energy is produced, and the biogas technology is sustainable.
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| CN118328457B (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-10-22 | 珠海吉泰克物理科技有限公司 | Toilet and bathroom hot water waste heat recovery waterway structure and control method thereof |
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| CN102210247A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-10-12 | 武汉凯迪控股投资有限公司 | Method and equipment for providing heat and carbon dioxide for vegetables and/or algae by using flue gas of power plant |
| CN202188770U (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-04-11 | 刘远蓉 | Smoke and waste heat comprehensive utilization device of annular kiln |
| CN102936566A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-20 | 蔡志武 | Energy using device and method for biogas production and power generation system |
| CN204518683U (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-08-05 | 长春市农业机械研究院 | A kind of greenhouse heating and carbon dioxide supplementary device |
| CN206052029U (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-03-29 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of heating and thermal insulation system of cold landholder with diphasic anaerobic ferment biomass pool |
| CN206768115U (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-12-19 | 天津大学建筑设计研究院 | A kind of efficient natural pond gas generating system |
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| CN108251295A (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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