CN108322086A - Piezoelectric vibrator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a piezoelectric vibrator, comprising a diamond-shaped elastic body, the rhomboid-shaped elastic body includes a rhombic frame and a cross drive beam arranged in the rhombic frame, the rhombic frame and the cross drive beam are integrated structure, the cross drive beam is provided with a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets. The long beam on the cross drive beam of the present invention and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet thereon play a major contribution to the drive track, and can excite a relatively flat elliptical track, while the short beam and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet on it are of great importance to the drive track. The driving trajectory plays an optimization role, so that the elliptical trajectory increases the amplitude in the vertical direction when the horizontal axis remains unchanged, so as to improve the driving force of the piezoelectric vibrator when the energy utilization rate is high. Purpose.

Description

piezoelectric vibrator

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of piezoelectric technology, and more specifically, to a piezoelectric vibrator.

Background technique

Piezoelectric vibrators mainly exist in piezoelectric motors or ultrasonic motors, which use the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to convert electrical energy into vibrations, and finally drive the rotor to move.

In the traveling wave piezoelectric motor, the piezoelectric block is used to generate high-frequency vibration under the drive of high-frequency excitation, and at the same time drive the metal elastic body connected to the piezoelectric sheet to vibrate, so that an elliptical drive is excited at the driving end of the metal elastic body. track, and finally drives the rotor to move. In order to make the piezoelectric motor have good output torque and energy utilization efficiency, the quality of the elliptical trajectory of the driving end is particularly important. Existing piezoelectric vibrators either meet the requirements of the driving torque and have low energy utilization efficiency, or meet the requirements of the utilization efficiency, but the driving torque is not so ideal.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric vibrator to solve the problem that the driving torque and energy utilization efficiency of the piezoelectric vibrator in the prior art cannot simultaneously achieve a more ideal situation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A piezoelectric vibrator, characterized in that it includes a diamond-shaped elastic body, the diamond-shaped elastic body includes a rhombic frame and a cross drive beam arranged in the rhombic frame, the rhombic frame and the cross drive beam are integrated structure, the cross drive beam is provided with a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets.

Preferably, one end corresponding to the long diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body is connected to the frame through a rigid connector, and the other end corresponding to the long diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body is connected to the rotor.

Preferably, the cross drive beam is located on the diagonal of the diamond-shaped frame, and at least 8 piezoelectric plates are arranged on the cross beam located in the long diagonal direction of the diamond-shaped elastic body on the cross drive beam. Ceramics.

Preferably, at least 2 piezoelectric ceramic sheets are provided on each surface of the beam, and at least 2 piezoelectric ceramic sheets located on the same surface Corner symmetry set.

Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic sheets arranged on each surface of the beam are separated by longitudinal beams on the cross drive beam located in the short diagonal direction of the diamond-shaped elastic body.

Preferably, at least one piezoelectric ceramic sheet is provided on the top surface and the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam located in the short diagonal direction of the diamond-shaped elastic body on the cross driving beam.

Preferably, the two stages of each piezoelectric ceramic sheet are provided with electrode leads, and the polarization directions of the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are their lengthwise directions.

Preferably, insulating varnish is coated on the surface of the diamond-shaped elastic body without the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and an insulating layer is arranged between the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets and the cross drive beam.

Preferably, the diamond-shaped elastic body is made of tin bronze material.

Preferably, the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are pasted on the cross driving beam by piezoelectric ceramic adhesive.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the diamond-shaped elastic body of the present invention includes a diamond-shaped frame and a cross drive beam, both of which are processed and manufactured in one piece, eliminating the need for connecting parts and reducing the number of damage caused by connections. The attenuation of vibration transmission brought about; one end corresponding to the long diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body is connected to the rigid frame, and the other end corresponding to the long diagonal excites an elliptical trajectory under the excitation of the driving source; the cross drive beam of the present invention There are piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the top, and electrode leads are arranged on the piezoelectric ceramic sheets for connecting the driving source. The beam on the long diagonal and the piezoelectric ceramic sheets on it play a major role in the driving track. It can excite a relatively flat elliptical trajectory, and the longitudinal beam on the short diagonal and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet on it can optimize the driving trajectory, so that the elliptical trajectory can increase the vertical axis under the condition that the horizontal axis remains unchanged. The amplitude in the vertical direction is used to achieve the purpose of increasing the driving force of the piezoelectric vibrator when the energy utilization rate is high.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention include the features particularly pointed out in the detailed description hereinafter. The following description and accompanying drawings detail certain exemplary aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Furthermore, the invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.

Description of drawings

Other objectives and results of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and with a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the excitation loading of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet when driven in the X-Y plane according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the excitation loading of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet when driven in the Y-Z plane according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the excitation loading of the optimized third piezoelectric ceramic sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The same reference numerals indicate similar or corresponding features or functions throughout the drawings.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a piezoelectric vibrator, which includes a diamond-shaped elastic body. The diamond-shaped elastic body includes a rhombus frame 10 and a cross drive beam 11 arranged on the diagonal of the rhombus frame 10, and the rhombus frame 10 and the cross drive beam 11 are integrally processed by tin bronze. The integrated structure of the diamond-shaped frame 10 and the cross drive beam 11 saves the connecting piece, and also reduces the attenuation of vibration transmission caused by the connecting piece. The entire surface of the diamond-shaped elastomer is evenly coated with insulating varnish. A threaded hole is provided on the end surface 101 of one end corresponding to the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped elastic body, and the threaded hole is rigidly connected with the frame by bolts so that the rhombic-shaped elastic body and the frame are fixed together. Of course, the rigid connection here can also be other forms of connection. The end surface of the other end corresponding to the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped elastic body is used as the driving end 102, which is connected with the rotor.

On the cross drive beam 11, four first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 are pasted on the top and bottom surfaces of the crossbeam 110 located in the long diagonal direction of the diamond-shaped elastic body through the piezoelectric ceramic adhesive. Two of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 of the electric ceramic sheets 20 are located on the top surface of the cross drive beam 11 and the two first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 are arranged symmetrically about the short diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body, and the other two The first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 20 is located on the bottom surface of the cross drive beam 11 and the two first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 are also arranged symmetrically about the short diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body, and the two first piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the top surface The ceramic sheet 20 is arranged opposite to the two first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 on the bottom surface. Four second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 are also pasted on the front side and the rear side of the beam 110 by piezoelectric ceramic adhesive, and two of the four second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 are two second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 Located on the front side of the beam 110 and the two second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 are symmetrically arranged about the short diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body, and the other two second piezoelectric ceramics 40 are located on the rear side of the beam 110, and the two The second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is also arranged symmetrically about the short diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastomer, and the two second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 on the front side are also opposite to the two second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 on the rear side. Setting (the front side and the rear side here are only described with respect to FIG. 1 and are not used to limit the structure of the present invention). On the longitudinal beam 111 positioned on the short diagonal direction of the diamond-shaped elastic body on the cross drive beam 11, two third piezoelectric ceramic sheets 30 are pasted with piezoelectric ceramic adhesive, which are respectively located on the top surface of the longitudinal beam 111 and the The piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the bottom surface and the top surface and the bottom surface are provided in one-to-one correspondence. Certainly, the top surface, the bottom surface, the front side and the rear side of the beam 110 can also be pasted with multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets respectively, but the piezoelectric ceramic sheets pasted on each surface of the beam 110 are an even number of sheets and the piezoelectric ceramic sheets on each surface The electric ceramic sheets are arranged symmetrically in pairs about the short diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body. For example, 6 or 8 or 10 piezoelectric ceramic sheets can be pasted on each face of the beam 110. Paste 3 or 4 or 5 pieces of piezoelectric ceramic sheets on each surface of the beam on one side of the longitudinal beam, and paste 3 or 4 pieces symmetrically on each surface of the beam on the other side of the longitudinal beam Or 5 pieces of piezoelectric ceramic sheets; the top surface and the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam can also be pasted with multiple third piezoelectric ceramic sheets 30 respectively, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the top surface and the bottom surface are set in one-to-one correspondence. Electrode leads are provided on the two pole surfaces of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 20 , the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 40 and the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30 .

In this embodiment, it is possible to choose to only apply high-frequency excitation to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 20 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 40, so as to achieve the goal of driving the rhombic vibrator with two degrees of freedom; it is also possible to use the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet The ceramic sheet 30 is loaded with high-frequency excitation to optimize the existing driving track of the diamond-shaped elastic body driving end 102, so that the piezoelectric vibrator has better output mechanical properties.

For the convenience of expression, we take the direction of the short diagonal of the diamond-shaped elastic body as the X-axis, and the direction of the long diagonal as the Y-axis, and then determine the Z-axis according to the Cartesian coordinate system. The origin of the coordinate system is the intersection point of the two diagonals of the diamond-shaped elastic body. The wide surface formed by the length and width on the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 20 is located in the X-Y plane, and the narrow surface formed by the length and height on the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 20 is located in the Y-Z plane; The wide surface formed by the length and width of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 40 is located in the Y-Z plane, and the narrow surface formed by the length and height of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 40 is located in the X-Y plane.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the working process of the piezoelectric vibrator of the present application, in this embodiment, only diamond-shaped elastic bodies are used to drive four second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 whose narrow surfaces are located in the X-Y plane and arranged at intervals in the X-Y plane. The four first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 and the optimized third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30 with the inner drive narrow surface located in the Y-Z plane and arranged at intervals are taken as an example. The loading wiring diagram of each piezoelectric ceramic patch is shown in Fig. 5—figure 7.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, it is a schematic diagram of excitation loading required for the diamond-shaped elastic body to excite an elliptical trajectory in the XY plane at its driving end. In the XY plane, the same excitation V _a = U sin (ωt) is applied to the electrode ends 401 and 404 respectively corresponding to the two second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40, and the other two second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 are applied in the XY plane. One electrode terminal 402 and 403 respectively corresponding to the ceramic sheet 40 is loaded with the same excitation

V _b = U·cos(ωt), and the remaining four electrode terminals 405, 406, 407 and 408 of the four second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 40 are grounded in the XY plane. By loading the AC excitation with a phase difference of π/2 in this way, a standard elliptical trajectory in the XY plane can be excited at the driving end 102 . If the amplitude in the X direction is constant and the amplitude in the Y direction is increased, the output force characteristics of the piezoelectric vibrator can be greatly improved on the premise that the original energy utilization rate does not decrease much. Therefore, in order to optimize the elliptical trajectory, so that the elliptical trajectory has a larger amplitude in the Y direction, the existing trajectory is optimized in combination with Figure 4 and Figure 7 under the condition that the excitation loading in the above XY plane remains unchanged. The AC excitation _Ve = U sin(ωt+π/4), when the driving end 102 reaches the maximum amplitude, the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30 just shrinks to the minimum in its length direction, and through the rhombus deformation rule, it is on the short diagonal The contraction on the upper diagonal will contribute to the elongation of its long diagonal, so that the amplitude of the driving end 102 in the Y-axis direction will increase on the original basis, while the amplitude in the X-direction will remain unchanged, that is, the energy utilization rate will not change. decrease or decrease slightly. Finally, the purpose of improving the output force performance of the vibrator in the XY plane is achieved.

Similarly, FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of the excitation loading required for the diamond-shaped elastic body to excite the elliptical trajectory in the YZ plane at the driving end. In the YZ plane, the same excitation V _c =U·sin(ωt) is applied to the electrode ends 201 and 203 respectively corresponding to the two first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20, and the other two first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 are applied in the YZ plane. One electrode terminal 202 and 204 respectively corresponding to the ceramic sheet 20 is loaded with the same excitation V _d =U cos(ωt), and the remaining four electrode terminals 205, 206 of the four first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 20 are placed in the YZ plane. , 207 and 208 are given ground settings. By loading the AC excitation with a phase difference of π/2 in this way, a standard elliptical trajectory in the YZ plane can be excited at the driving end 102 . Similarly, one electrode 303 and 304 respectively corresponding to the two third piezoelectric ceramic sheets 30 is loaded with an AC excitation V _e with a phase difference of π/4 between the AC excitations of the two first piezoelectric ceramic electrode terminals 201 and 203 =U sin(ωt+π/4), when the driving end 102 reaches the maximum amplitude, the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30 just shrinks to the minimum in its length direction, and through the rhombus deformation rule, it is at the short diagonal The shrinkage on the line will contribute to the elongation of its long diagonal, so that the amplitude of the driving end 102 in the Y-axis direction will increase on the original basis, while the amplitude in the Z-direction will remain unchanged, that is, the energy utilization rate No decline or slight decline. Finally, the purpose of improving the output force performance of the vibrator in the YZ plane is achieved.

The piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention is described above by way of example with reference to the drawings. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various improvements can be made to the above-mentioned piezoelectric vibrator proposed by the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of piezoelectric vibrator, which is characterized in that including diamond shaped elastomer, the diamond shaped elastomer include diamond shape frame and Cross driving beam in the diamond shape frame is set, and the diamond shape frame and the cross driving beam are integrated, institute It states and is provided with multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece in cross driving beam.

2. piezoelectric vibrator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the corresponding one end of the diamond shaped elastomer long-diagonal It is connect with rack by rigid connector, the corresponding other end of the diamond shaped elastomer long-diagonal is connect with rotor.

3. piezoelectric vibrator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cross driving beam is located at pair of the diamond shape frame On linea angulata, at least 8 are provided on the crossbeam in the diamond shaped elastomer long-diagonal direction in the cross driving beam The piezoelectric ceramic piece.

4. piezoelectric vibrator as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that be both provided at least 2 on each face of the crossbeam The piezoelectric ceramic piece, and at least 2 piezoelectric ceramic pieces on the same face are short about the diamond shaped elastomer Diagonal line is symmetrical arranged.

5. piezoelectric vibrator as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the piezoelectricity pottery being arranged on each face of the crossbeam Tile is spaced apart by being located at the longeron in the diamond shaped elastomer short diagonal direction in the cross driving beam.

6. piezoelectric vibrator as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that be located at diamond shaped elasticity in the cross driving beam At least 1 piezoelectric ceramic piece is respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the longeron in body short diagonal direction.

7. piezoelectric vibrator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the two-stage of the every piezoelectric ceramic piece is both provided with electricity The polarization side of pole lead, the multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece is its length direction.

8. Piezoelectric Driving oscillator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure is not arranged on the diamond shaped elastomer It is coated with insulated paint on the surface of electroceramics piece, is both provided between the multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece and the cross driving beam absolutely Edge layer.

9. piezoelectric vibrator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the diamond shaped elastomer is made of tin bronze material.

10. piezoelectric vibrator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece is viscous by piezoelectric ceramics Glue is closed in the cross driving beam.