CN108489699B - A Submarine Pipeline Falling Object Impact Simulation Test System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of submarine pipeline junks to hit simulation experiment system, including a packaged type bump test tower, test battery pipeline support basis, a set of junk group and its hang a liter relieving mechanism, wherein, moveable bump test tower, four cone pulleys including steel pylon and support tower, four cone pulleys are across on two test tower guide rails；Test pipe brace foundation, including rigid support basis, suspended span brace foundation and three kinds of soil brace foundation；Hanging a liter relieving mechanism includes guiding mechanism, hanger rope, hanger rope releasable catch, two fixed pulleys and lifting spool.Structure of the invention form is simple, is easily worked, installs and removes, and construction cost is lower, and state control performance is good, reusable, and the difficulty and cost of test is effectively reduced.

Description

A Submarine Pipeline Falling Object Impact Simulation Test System

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of development, operation and maintenance of offshore oil and gas projects, and relates to a simulation test system for the impact of falling objects on submarine pipelines.

Background technique

The 21st century is the century of the ocean, and it is an important proposition both for China and the world. The ocean is a new and important resource space on which human beings rely for development in the new century. Accelerating the development of the ocean has become the consensus of all marine countries. Traditional marine resources represented by oil and natural gas have been continuously improved and expanded in development technology, and new marine resources such as combustible ice and seabed mineral deposits have also attracted more and more attention from engineering developers. In marine resources development technology, submarine pipelines play an irreplaceable role, providing basic conditions for ensuring economic benefits and continuous engineering development.

However, the complex marine environment and frequent human activities make the increasingly large submarine pipeline system face the risks and challenges of safe operation at any time. Once the pipeline structure is damaged or ruptured and leaked, it is likely to cause incalculable environmental pollution, economic losses and huge social adverse effects. According to the statistical data of pipeline damage accidents in the past, the impact of falling objects has become one of the important risk sources, and it is difficult to eradicate with the existing system and technical level. Therefore, the structural damage and deformation laws of submarine pipelines under the impact of falling objects have important research value and practical engineering significance.

The falling object impact test on submarine pipelines is the most direct and reliable research method to explore the damage rules of pipelines, especially for full-scale pipelines actually used in engineering. As the demand for pipeline damage research continues to increase, experimental simulation research on falling objects hitting pipelines has been gradually carried out in China. However, many test systems only study quasi-static effects, scale ratio pipes, or there are problems such as inaccurate control of impact attitude, single support form of pipes, and limited types of impact contact shapes, which make the experimental research work always have certain limitations.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a submarine pipeline falling object impact simulation test system, which can fully measure the impact of falling objects under various pipeline support conditions, such as rigid plane support, rigid suspension span, and soil burial conditions. The submarine pipeline can be simulated and tested, and the falling object impact test can be carried out on the submarine pipeline under the conditions of different impact masses, falling heights (impact speeds), impact attitudes, and contact shapes. The test system is simple in structure, easy to process, install and dismantle, low in construction cost, good in state control performance, reusable, and effectively reduces the difficulty and cost of the test. To achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions:

A submarine pipeline falling object impact simulation test system includes a movable impact test tower, a set of test pipeline support

The support foundation, a set of falling objects and its lifting release mechanism, is characterized in that,

A movable impact test tower, including a steel tower and four tower wheels supporting the tower, the four tower wheels straddle the two test tower guide rails;

The test pipeline support foundation includes three types: rigid support foundation, suspension support foundation and soil support foundation. The rigid support foundation and suspension support foundation are arranged on the foundation steel plate. Lying on the foundation steel plate, there is a set of fixed clamps at both ends for horizontal limit; the suspension support foundation includes two sets of upper fixed clamps, lower fixed clamps and ring hoops, and each end of the test pipe passes through a Set the upper fixed block and the lower fixed block to tighten the limit, and the ring clamp is used to prevent the test pipeline from detaching from the upper fixed block and the lower fixed block; for soil support, the test pipe is buried in the soil foundation, according to different The test needs to be buried at different depths;

The lifting release mechanism includes a guide mechanism, a suspension cable, a suspension cable release lock, two fixed pulleys and a lifting reel. The guide mechanism includes a guide beam, a guide ring and a guide rod. The guide beam extends from the guide ring to both sides. Connect the guide rod, the guide ring is suspended on the suspension block and can rotate around it to different angles, the suspension block is fixed on the top of the test tower, and the first fixed pulley is connected to the lower part; a pulley block is arranged at the corner of the top of the test tower, including Fixed on the connection block of the test tower and the second fixed pulley at its lower part; the suspension cable is respectively connected to the falling object group and the lifting reel through two fixed pulleys; the lifting reel includes ordinary baffles, gear baffles, rotating shafts, fixed frames, and rotating handles And clips, the rotating shaft is suspended across the two ends of the fixed frame, and the rotating shaft is driven by the rotating handle; the ordinary baffle and the gear baffle are fixed on the rotating shaft, and one end of the suspension cable is bolted to the rotating shaft, and the suspension cable is tightened or loosened with the rotation of the rotating shaft; One end of the bar is hinged to the test tower, and the other end can be stuck on the gear baffle at any time when the rotating handle is shaken to fix the current position of the suspension cable; the release lock of the suspension cable is set at the predetermined length of the suspension cable, and the suspension cables are respectively connected to the upper rings On the upper and lower rings, the screws pass through the upper ring and the lower ring respectively and are fastened by nuts. By setting multiple release locks, the release position of the locks can be changed to control the falling height of the falling object group;

The lifting force of the falling object group is provided by the suspension cable, which is tied to the suspension buckle and welded to the fixed bead; the fixed bead, multi-layer counterweight plate and guide plate with holes are fastened to the falling object contact by fixed studs and fixed nuts Form a falling object group;

The guide rod passes through the hole of the guide plate with holes to limit the falling object group in the horizontal plane, so as to control the attitude of the falling object group when it hits the test pipeline.

Preferably, the falling object contact is selected from a group of falling object contacts having different shapes, forming a plane contact, line contact, spherical contact or sharp point contact shape.

The present invention provides a test system for effectively and economically realizing the simulation of the impact process of submarine pipeline falling objects, and has the following advantages compared with the existing technology:

(1) For the full-scale subsea pipeline falling object impact test, the test system can effectively simulate and control the support conditions of different pipeline foundation conditions, including rigid foundation support, suspension span support, and soil support and coverage at different depths. The mobile test tower realizes the test of different working conditions in the engineering reality. The test tower can effectively control the safe and stable movement of the test tower on the predetermined track through the limit clamping plate of the tower wheel of the test tower.

(2) It is possible to carry out the impact process of falling objects in various contact shapes, including plane contact, line contact, spherical contact, sharp point contact, etc., and effectively control the impact angle of falling objects in the horizontal plane through the falling object falling guide rod, so as to realize the horizontal plane Impact simulation tests in different impact directions.

(3) The test system is simple and reliable, and only requires manual mechanical operation without electric drive. The falling object lifting and releasing mechanism is simple, convenient and labor-saving, and the operation process only needs to be completed at the bottom of the test tower without climbing operation, which improves the accuracy and safety of the test process.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the main structure of the full-scale submarine pipeline falling object impact simulation experiment system;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pipeline support infrastructure in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the test tower wheel structure in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of guide rod and hoisting structure in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the release lock in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting reel in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the falling object group in the present invention;

Explanation of symbols in the figure:

1: foundation steel plate; 10: test pipe; 11: test tower guide rail; 12: upper fixed block; 13: soil foundation; 14: lower fixed block; 15: ring clamp; 16: fixed column; 17 fixed block ;

2: test tower wheel; 21: directional plate; 22: spoke; 23: rim; 24: axle;

3: Test tower;

4: guide rod; 41: guide ring; 42: guide beam;

5: Hanging cable; 51: Upper ring; 52: Screw; 53: Lower ring; 54: Nut;

6: suspension block;

7: pulley block; 71: fixed pulley; 72: connecting block;

8: Lifting reel; 81: Fixed frame; 82: Rotating shaft; 83: Ordinary baffle; 84: Gear baffle; 85: Clip bar; 86: Rotary handle;

9: falling object group; 91: guide plate; 92: fixing stud; 93: fixing nut; 94: fixing bead; 95: suspension buckle; 96: weight plate; 97: falling object contact.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the full-scale subsea pipeline falling objects impact simulation test system of the present invention specifically includes a movable impact test tower, a set of test pipeline support foundations, a set of falling objects and its lifting release mechanism.

The system consists of three parts: one part is a movable impact test tower 3, as shown in Figure 1, including the upper steel tower structure and the lower four test tower tower wheels 2. The test tower tower wheel 2 bears the weight of the entire tower and straddles the two test tower guide rails 11, and can be moved along the guide rails under artificial promotion to change the position of the test tower 3 to different pipeline support sites. The tower wheel 2 of the test tower is made up of directional plates 21, spokes 22, steel rims 23 and wheel axles 24 on both sides, wherein the directional plate 21 clamps the tower wheels on both sides of the test tower guide rail 11 to fix the tower wheels direction of movement.

The second part is the test pipeline support foundation, including rigid support foundation, suspension support foundation and soil support foundation, as shown in Figure 2. The rigid support foundation is composed of a base steel plate 1, a test pipe 10 and four independent fixed blocks 17. The test pipe 10 lies on the base steel plate 1, and is horizontally limited by four fixed blocks 17. The fixed blocks 17 can be made by frictional bigger materials such as rubber, wooden blocks. In the suspension support foundation, the test pipeline 10 is pressed and limited by the upper fixed briquetting block 12 and the lower fixed briquetting block 14, and the ring clamp 15 clamps the fixed column 16 on the upper and lower fixed briquetting blocks to prevent the pipeline from colliding with the fixed briquetting block. The block breaks away. The upper fixed briquetting block 12 and the lower fixed briquetting block 14 are made of steel. For soil support, the test pipeline 10 is buried in the soil foundation 13, and buried at different depths according to different test requirements.

The third part is the falling object and lifting release mechanism. As shown in FIG. 7 , the lifting force of the falling object group 9 is provided by the suspension cable 5 , and the suspension cable 5 is tied to the suspension buckle 95 and welded to the fixed bead 94 . The fixed bead 94, the multi-layer weight plate 96 and the guide plate with holes are fastened on the falling object contact 97 by the fixing stud 92 and the fixing nut 93 to form the falling object group 9, wherein the falling object contact can have different shapes , can form different contact shapes such as planar contact, line contact, spherical contact, and cusp contact. The guide rod 4 passes through the hole of the guide plate 91 to limit the falling object group 9 in the horizontal plane, so as to control the attitude of the falling object group 9 when it hits the test pipe 10 . The guide rod and hoisting structure are shown in Figure 4. The guide beam 42 extends to both sides from the guide ring 41 and connects the guide rod 4. The guide ring 41 is suspended from the suspension block 6 and can rotate around it to different angles. The suspension block is fixed on the top of the test tower 3, and the lower part is connected with a fixed pulley 71. Another pulley assembly block 7 is provided at the top corner of the test tower 3, including a connecting block 72 fixed to the test tower 3 and a lower fixed pulley 71 thereof. The suspension cable 5 is connected to the falling object group 9 and the hoisting reel 8 through two fixed pulleys 71 respectively. Lifting shaft 8 is shown in FIG. 6 , shaft 82 is suspended across the two ends of fixed frame 81 , and shaft 82 can be driven by rotating handle 86 . The ordinary baffle 83 and the gear baffle 84 are fixed on the rotating shaft 82, and one end of the suspension cable 5 is bolted on the rotating shaft 82, and the suspension cable 5 is tightened or loosened as the rotation shaft 82 rotates. One end of the clip bar 85 is hinged to the test tower 3, and the other end can be stuck on the gear baffle plate 84 at any time when the rotary handle 86 is shaken to fix the current position of the suspension cable. The release lock of the suspension cable 5 is set at a predetermined length of the suspension cable 5 as shown in FIG. 5 . Suspension cable 5 is connected on the upper suspension ring 51 and the lower suspension ring 53 respectively, and screw 52 passes through two suspension rings respectively, is fastened by nut 54. By arranging multiple release locks and changing the release position of the locks, the falling height of the falling object group 9 can be effectively controlled.

The following describes the implementation process of the full-scale submarine pipeline falling object impact simulation test system in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

(1) Place the test pipeline 10 on a predetermined test basis and fix it with different limit accessories, as shown in FIG. 2 . Move the test tower 3 to the target test pipeline 10 above. Assemble the falling object group 9, select different shapes of falling object contacts 97 as required, add different numbers of counterweight plates 96, tighten the fixing studs 92 and fixing nuts 93, and insert the guide rod 4 in the hole of the guide plate 91. Check the release lock on the suspension cable 5 to ensure that it is in a tight state. Tie down one end of the suspension cable 5 to the suspension buckle 95, and the other end is fixed on the lifting reel 8. Appropriately shake the rotating handle 86 so that the suspension cable 5 can slightly lift the falling object group 9 . Fine-tune the position of the test tower 3, place the falling object contact 97 directly above the test pipe 10, and adjust the guide rod 4 and the falling object group 9 to a predetermined deflection angle by rotating.

(2) After the above-mentioned process is completed, shake the rotating handle 86 to roll up the suspension cable 5, and lift the falling object group 9 to a predetermined height, and the guide rod does not rotate horizontally during the process. The release catch of the corresponding position in the suspension cable 5 falls to the top of the lifting reel 8, stops shaking the rotary handle 86, blocks the gear baffle plate 84 with the clip bar 85, and keeps the system in a static state.

(3) After the above process is completed, loosen the connection between the screw 52 and the nut 54 in the release lock, pull out the screw 52 from the ring buckle to separate the upper ring from the lower ring, and the hanging object group 9 falls freely under the action of gravity movement, impacting the test pipeline 10 below the test tower 3 along a predetermined horizontal angle, completing the falling object impact process.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of submarine pipeline junk hits simulation experiment system, including a packaged type bump test tower, test battery pipe Road brace foundation, a set of junk group and its hangs a liter relieving mechanism, which is characterized in that

Moveable bump test tower, four cone pulleys including steel pylon and support tower, four cone pulleys are tried across at two It tests on tower guide rail；

Test pipe brace foundation, including rigid support basis, suspended span brace foundation and three kinds of soil brace foundation, rigid support Basis and suspended span brace foundation are arranged in base steel plates, and rigid support basis includes two groups of fixed fixture blocks, a test pipe In base steel plates, both ends respectively have one group of fixed fixture block to carry out Horizontal limiting for accumbency；The suspended span brace foundation includes on two groups Fixed briquetting, lower fixed briquetting and ring-shaped clip, the both ends of test pipe, which respectively pass through, fixes briquetting and lower fixed briquetting on one group Limit is compressed, ring-shaped clip is to prevent test pipe and upper fixed briquetting and lower fixed briquetting to be detached from；Soil is supported, examination Piping laying is tested in soil basis, buries different depth according to different test demands；

Hanging a liter relieving mechanism includes guiding mechanism, hanger rope, hanger rope releasable catch, two fixed pulleys and lifting spool, and described leads It include guiding crossbeam, guide ring and guide rod to mechanism, guiding crossbeam is extended by being oriented to circumferential two sides, connects guide rod, described Guide ring hangs on suspention block and can rotate about to different angle, suspends block in midair and is fixed at the top of test tower, and lower part is connected with the One fixed pulley；Test tower top corners are provided with pulley chunking, second including being fixed on test tower link block and its underpart Fixed pulley；Hanger rope passes through two fixed pulleys respectively and is connected to junk group and lifting spool；Lifting by crane spool includes conventional baffles, gear Baffle, shaft, fixed frame, rotating handle and strip, shaft suspended span drive shaft at fixed frame both ends, by rotating handle；It is general Logical baffle and gear baffle are fixed on shaft, and hanger rope one end bolts in shaft, rotate tightening with shaft or loosen hanger rope；Strip One end is articulated with test tower, and the other end can be stuck on gear baffle at any time when shaking rotating handle, fixed hanger rope present bit It sets；The releasable catch of hanger rope is arranged at hanger rope predetermined length, and hanger rope is connected on upper lift ring and lower lift ring, screw difference It is fastened on upper lift ring and lower lift ring by nut, by the way that multiple releasable catch are arranged, change lock releasing position, control junk Group height of drop；

Junk group hangs lift by hanger rope offer, and hanger rope is tied to be detained in suspention, is welded on fixed press strip；Fixed press strip, multilayer are matched Weight plate and guide plate with holes are anchored on junk contact by fixed bolt and fixture nut and form junk group；

The hole that guide rod passes through guide plate with holes carries out the limit in horizontal plane to junk group, to control junk group bump test pipe Posture when road.

2. submarine pipeline junk according to claim 1 hits simulation experiment system, which is characterized in that the junk contact Have in junk contact of different shapes from one group and choose, forms plane contact, line contact, sphere-contact or cusp and contact shape Shape.